DE1078723B - Lubricating and hydraulic oils - Google Patents

Description

Lubricating and hydraulic oils Addendum to patent application R 21162 IVc / 23 c The subject of patent application R 21162 IV c / 23 c is the use of compounds based on esters as lubricating and hydraulic oils, which are made according to process steps known per se due to the addition of acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile or ethacrylonitrile or dimerization or oligomerization products of these nitriles with monohydric alcohols with at least 4 carbon atoms or polyhydric alcohols with up to 10 carbon atoms, saponification of the formed Cyanoethylation products and simultaneous esterification with monovalent, at least Alcohols containing 4 carbon atoms are available. - Have been particularly beneficial those esters have been found for the stated purpose which are produced by esterification of the cyanoethylation products, at least in part, with branched-chain alcohols have been received.

It has been found that a further improvement in the lubricant and hydraulic oils, ester oils to be used in terms of the cross section of their properties can be achieved if the esterification of the saponified cyanoethylation products according to patent application R 21162 IVc / 23 c instead of monohydric alcohols with at least 4 carbon atoms with a mixture of a monoalcohol with at least 4 carbon atoms and a diol or from several such monoalcohols and diols is.

The products that can be used for the stated purpose can also be come in such a way that one in the first stage partially with a mono alcohol and in the second Stage saponified with a diol, or vice versa. For certain purposes it can be beneficial be a mixture of one of the ester oils according to the invention with an ester oil of already known or proposed type and / or with other lubricating or hydraulic oils to use.

As examples of the preparation of the lubricants according to the invention Usable alcohols are monoalcohols, such as dodecyl alcohol, decyl alcohol, octanol, or diols such as glycol, propanediol, butanediol, hexanediol, diethylene and triethylene glycol, and trihydric alcohols such as glycerine.

The saponification of an alcohol and an acrylonitrile. resulting Cyanoethylation products can be obtained in a conventional manner in sulfuric acid solution take place.

In general, one will use saponification and that with two different ones Carry out esterification of alcohols in one process step, namely such that per nitrile group in the cyanoethylation product 1 mole of water, about 1 mole H2 S 04 and an equivalent amount of alcohol is implemented. The respective proportions between monoalcohol and diol should be measured so that 1 mole of the divalent Alcohol come at least 2 moles of the monohydric alcohol. - To products with special One comes to favorable behavior when the esterifying agent has at least 4 carbon atoms Monoalcohol contained in the molecule is at least partly a branched-chain alcohol is used.

The construction principle described leaves with regard to the selection of the components resulting in the ester oils. th and with regard to the quantitative ratio in which the esterifying alcohols can be used within the specified range, a large number of possible variations. The specified construction principle makes it possible to produce lubricating and hydraulic oils for a particular application, quasi “made to measure ”.

Those described below with regard to their properties and ester oils structured in the sense of the present invention were produced in such a way that initially an addition of the unsaturated nitrile or dinitrile to an alcohol took place in the presence of lithium hydroxide as a catalyst and the unreacted Starting components after neutralization of the alkaline catalyst via a column were removed in vacuo. A mixture of was added to the remaining crude product added a monoalcohol and a diol, whereupon this mixture the equivalent Amount of sulfuric acid and water was slowly added. With the under permanent The ammonium bisulfate formed separates out and cools with stirring is separated off by filtration. The excess sulfuric acid is made with sodium carbonate neutralized and the sodium sulfate formed was again separated off by filtration. The one below of the boiling point of the ester oil obtained Components are removed in vacuo; the remaining product is immediately optionally after the already mentioned addition of further lubricants or more usual Lubricant improver, used as a lubricating or hydraulic oil. The production the ester-based compounds used according to the invention are described in the present context Invention not protected.

Example Acrylonitrile was attached to glycol. Each 2 moles of the cyanoethylation product obtained were Dinitrile Serial from glycol 2-ethyl viscosity at Yiskosi- Trü- Flamm- No. -I- 2 mol hexanol glycol activity index exercise pour point Acrylonitrile 37.8 ° CI 98.9 ° C point 1 2 moles 4 moles - 17.7 3.84 126.0 - below -520C 2130C 2 2 moles 3.8 moles 0.1 moles 18.19 4.02 140.0 - below -600 C 2190 C 3 2M01 3.7 mol 0.15 mol 20.31 4.44 150.0 - below -600 C 2170 C 4 2 moles 3.6 moles 0.2 moles 20; 44 4.69 164.5 - below -600 C 2140 C 5 2 moles 3.4 moles 0.3 moles 23.67 5.00 151.0 - below -620 C 2100 C 6 2 moles 3.2 moles 0.4 moles 36.99 7.28 150.0 - below -590 C 2080 C 7 2 moles 3 moles 0.5 moles 43.53 8.05 145.5 - below -540 C 208 ' C It should be noted that a mixture of ester oils No. 1 and No. 7 in a weight ratio of 1: 2 has the following characteristics: Viscosities = 24.57 cSt at 37.80 C, 5.17 cSt at 98.90 C, a viscosity index of 152, a pour point of below -520 C and a flash point <2100 C, ie that the viscosity index value of such a lubricating oil mixture is significantly higher than the viscosity index value of the two mixture components. soaps and esterifies with equimolecular amounts of a) 2-ethylhexanol, b) a mixture of 2-ethylhexanol and glycol. From the table below it can be seen that the viscosity index values have an optimum with an increasing proportion of glycol, while the viscosity range, determined at 37.8 and 98; 90 ° C., rises, as expected, with an increasing proportion of glycol. The changes with regard to the pour point and the flash point are insignificant.

Claims (2)

PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Use of ester-based compounds according to Patent application R21162IVc / 23c as lubricating and hydraulic oils, characterized in that the esterification of the saponified cyanoethylation products instead of monovalent ones Alcohols with at least 4 carbon atoms with a mixture of one or more monoalcohols has been carried out with at least 4 carbon atoms and one or more diols. 2. Embodiment of the invention according to claim 1, characterized in that the Esterification component consists at least partially of branched-chain alcohols.