DE1061836B - Method and device for counting the occupancy of switching devices in telecommunication, in particular telephone and teleprinter systems - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

The present invention relates to a method for counting the occupancy of switching devices in telecommunication systems, in particular telephone and teleprinter systems, their switching devices (dialers, transmissions, string connections of attendant consoles and the like) are summarized in groups for the purpose of traffic registration, each Switching device within the group concerned, the associated group registration wire in each case at and for the duration of their occupancy via their own fixed resistance, e.g. B. by means of a working contact of its own occupancy relay, to earth, so that each occupancy is a switch-on and each trip a switch-off process on the group registration wire corresponds to and the through assignments caused current changes in the group registration wire therefore compared to the tripping caused current changes are mutually directed.

A registration method is already known in which the recording of the processes to be measured is under Use of a discharge tube with several control electrodes takes place. This procedure instructs among other things, the disadvantage that for each of the to be monitored Communication organs, which are combined into a group, several registration wires and / or one or more additional relays are to be provided individually, what with a significant circuitry and economic expense is connected. In contrast, the The invention has the purpose of specifying a method for counting the occupancy of switching devices that with a single common and already existing registration wire per group of switching devices and gets by without any additional switching means in the switching devices themselves.

It is true that a measuring arrangement for traffic monitoring in telecommunications systems is already known, for each measuring group with a common recording wire and only one additional one for a random sample measurement selected wire gets by, the latter being the mean occupancy time of a switching device as a measure of the mean occupancy time of all switching devices of the observed Group is evaluated. This measuring arrangement has the disadvantage that both the middle Occupancy duration and the number of occupancies in a group are only recorded indirectly, so that the measurement results can only be calculated retrospectively on the basis of three meter readings must be determined.

The method according to the invention now solves the problem set by eliminating the aforementioned Disadvantages in that the by occupancy or off method and device

for counting the occupancies

of switching devices in telecommunications,

in particular telephone and

TV or eib systems

Applicant:

Siemens Societä per Azioni,
Milan (Italy)

Representative: Dipl.-Ing. W. Cohausz, Dipl.-Ing. W. Florack and Dipl.-Ing. K.-H. Eissei, patent attorneys,

Düsseldorf, Schumannstr. 97

Claimed priority:
Italy 25 July 1957

Dr.-Ing. Pietro Rath and Dr. Pietro Susin,

Milan (Italy),
have been named as inventors

Solution of the switching devices caused current changes are converted into corresponding voltage changes at a common, purely ohmic load resistor with a relatively low resistance value, which is in the circuit of the group registration wire, and that the voltage changes caused by assignments are made ineffective by voltage direction-dependent means and those directed in the opposite direction are made ineffective by triggers Caused voltage changes, for which the said voltage-direction-dependent means are permeable, are transformed and amplified by non-linear voltage-amplifying means into as steep-edged rectangular pulses as possible and act on a counter that displays and / or registers the occupancy. According to a further embodiment of the invention, the voltage changes caused by triggers should only act on the counter if they have a predetermined minimum duration, this minimum duration being selected so that on the one hand the response time of the counter is not undershot, on the other hand induced in the circuit of the group register wire Interfering pulses remain ineffective.

809 578/90

Claims (12)

3 4 In a preferred embodiment, a resistor R 3 also has a good stability of the Tran device for exercising the transistor Tl according to the invention against fluctuations in both the Tempe method on the input side, guaranteeing a load resistance and the battery voltage.
which has a resistance value of a few tens of one ohms. The pulse is not exceeded via the coupling elements R 6-C 2 and is supplied to the base electrode of the transistor T 2 for a current load of 5, at least 5 to 6 A. Since the latter is fixed by a suitable bias in the so-resistance, which operates the registration circuit of each individual Α-class, is individually assigned to the input switching device, the usual resistance is adjusted and, with the help of the resistance, has a resistance value of 2000 ohms R 7, R 8 and R 10 stabilized. It can be amplified when using a voltage source of io impulse, but at the same time its group form comprising 60 V to around 200 devices can be improved by means of the counter-coupling connected, whereby in practice the capacitor C 3, which is used for Stabilization of the whole coming demands can be met. Contributing to the Er circle. Version of the assignments in further expanded Via the coupling elements R 10-C 5, the pulse groups, the resistance value of the input 15 could be fed to the transistor T3. After the load resistance of the device has been further strengthened, it will be reduced via the collector. In such cases, however, the sistor releases an energy which is sufficient for a group of the polarized relay A consisting of numerous devices to reliably respond. The transistor T 3 is more advantageous for carrying out the measurements in is not biased, so that it does not excessively split two or more subgroups. At this 20 collector current can flow, whereby it can then be operated in so-called subgroups either B-class, with suitable adaptation in different time segments (main traffic of the leakage resistance R 11 and the input resistance hours), or it can be a sub-level , according to the incoming, directed groups corresponding number of counting devices pulses. are provided. 25 The resistors R5, R9 and R12 contribute to the connection of the counting device in series with stabilization and to the adaptation of the resistances to a known Erlangmeter, which of the respective transistors can be used; The bridging average occupancy time of the corresponding switching capacitors C 4 and C 6 enable the desired facilities to be recorded. If, in addition to the device, amplification and, at the same time, the stability of the pre-counting of the occupancies is a known direction. The latter receives its supply voltage via a device for counting the so-called diameters provided by the resistors i? 13, i? 14, which are then connected to a corresponding voltage divider. The feed circuit is closed by the switch I upstream of the relevant group of switching devices, which is to be switched on with two fixed positions. The lamp L indicates the switched-on state of the mentioned operating quality of this group of switching devices. directions are determined. In the idle state, the counter-winding II of the Rein of the drawing is an embodiment of a lais A, the latter in its idle position, whereby the device according to the invention is shown. There are contact α remains open. The response winding I shows only those switching elements that are necessary for the relay A to be understood with each incoming pulse. of the invention are required. The collector circuit of the transistor T3 is energized under 40, ie the compensation known per se are always different when a device is triggered. The components (e.g. thermistors) for compensating the tempo are repeated by relay B , the temperature-dependent one being omitted. his contact b turns on the counter Z in each case. The Reg input or designated -60 V at the end of each pulse, the relay A terminals are to be connected to a group registration vein or at 45 by its counter-wound II in the rest position zudie exchange battery. The terminal Reg brought back. can either be directly connected to a group for the purpose of checking the mode of operation of the counting registration wire, or the Ta key with an unstable operating switch, via which the counting device is operated, is due to a reversal. Thus, the relay C is switched on with one of several group registration wires 50, which can be interconnected with its contact c via the terminal Reg. puts the 2000 ohm resistor R 1 to ground. As a result, the input via the coupling capacitor C 1 is produced in the resistor R 2 by a resistor R2, which corresponds to the assignment of an output terminal, and the current pulse corresponding to the switching device. When, for example, has a value of 0.02 ohms, releasing the button Ta leads to the relay C dropping out, and the base electrode of a first transistor Tl, the 55 contact opens, so that a voltage surge in the resistor caused by the current surges - Triggering of the corresponding current impulse can be brought about, regardless of what is coming. The counter Z is therefore in the already stationary state flowing basic current. one step further in the manner written. The use of a transistor Tl of the type
npn, the emitter of which is connected to the battery, ensures 60 high sensitivity and preamplification and claims,
enables acquisition and reshaping at the same time into steep-edged square-wave pulses of the 1. Procedure for counting the occupancy of gen the switching devices caused voltage switching devices in telecommunications, in particular voltage surges compared to the 65 telephone and teleprinting systems, their switching pre-called Voltage surges easier to detect and facilities (voters, transmissions, cords are preferable. This is done by means of switching switching stations and the like suitable bias as well as by adapting to the purpose of traffic registration in groups to input resistance achieved, with the help of are summarized, each switching device Resistors i? 4 and i? 5, which together with the 70 within the relevant group are the associated Group registration vein in each case with and for the duration of their occupancy via their own fixed resistance, z. B. by means of a working contact of its own occupancy relay, puts on earth, so that each occupancy corresponds to a switch-on process and every trip corresponds to a switch-off process on the group registration wire and the current changes in the group registration wire caused by assignments are therefore directed in the opposite direction to the current changes caused by triggers characterized in that the current changes caused by the occupancy or triggering of the switching devices are converted into corresponding voltage changes at a common, purely ohmic ΐ · 5 load resistor with a relatively low resistance value (R2) , which is in the circuit of the group register wire (Reg) , and that by assignments caused voltage changes are made ineffective by voltage direction-dependent means (transistor stage TT) and the voltage changes directed in opposite directions, caused by triggers, for which the said span voltage direction-dependent means (transistor ^a 5 stage TT) are transparent, reshaped by non-linear voltage-boosting means (transistor stage T 2 in negative feedback circuit) in steep-edged as possible rectangular pulses and amplified act on a counter (Z) which indicates the BeIegungen and / or registered. 2. A method for counting the occupancies according to claim 1, characterized in that the voltage changes caused by triggers only act on the counter if they have a predetermined minimum duration, and that this minimum duration is chosen such that on the one hand the response time of the counter is not exceeded will, on the other hand, interference pulses induced in the circuit of the group registration wire remain ineffective. 3. Device for counting the occupancy of switching devices in telecommunications, in particular Telephone and teleprinter systems for carrying out the method according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized by an input-side load resistor, which has a resistance value of a few Does not exceed tenths of an ohm and is designed for a current load of at least 5 to 6 A. is. 4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that for the forming into steep flanks Square pulses and for the amplification of the voltage changes with each other or with transistors coupled to the input of the device via resistors and capacitors are. 5. Apparatus according to claim 3 and 4, characterized by a first transistor (T 1) of the npn type, whose emitter (via R 5) is connected to the battery and whose base electrode, which is biased via a voltage divider (R3, i? 4), determines the voltage changes on the input side ( at R2) . 6. Apparatus according to claim 3 to 5, characterized by a second transistor (T 2) of the pnp type, whose emitter (via RIO) is connected to the supply voltage and whose base electrode is biased via a voltage divider (R 7, R 8) with a A negative feedback capacitor (C 3) connected between the collector and the base electrode, which is used to convert the pulses into steep-edged square-wave pulses. 7. Apparatus according to claim 3 to 6, characterized by a third transistor (T 3) of the pnp type, whose collector (via A I) is connected to the supply voltage, whose base electrode has no bias and in whose collector circuit a response winding (A I) is a Relay (A) is located, which with its own working contact (α) directly or indirectly (via relay B ) controls the counter (Z), which displays and / or registers the occupancy. 8. Apparatus according to claim 3 to 7, characterized in that the relay (A) is a polarized relay which is provided with a second winding (A II) which is connected in opposite directions with respect to the first winding (A I) and serves that To bring the relay back into its rest position in the absence of voltage changes on the input side. 9. Apparatus according to claim 3 to 8, characterized in that its supply voltage simultaneously is the supply voltage intended for the circuit of the group registration wire. 10. The device according to claim 3 to 9, characterized by means (T, C, Rl) for local simulation of an input-side voltage change in accordance with the voltage change caused by the occupancy or triggering of a switching device. 11. Device according to one or more of the Claims 3 to 10, characterized in that the circuit of a group registration wire lying input circuit of the device in series with an ampere-hour meter acting as an Erlangmeter and / or is connected to an ammeter that displays the current occupancy. 12. The device according to one or more of claims 3 to 11, characterized by their combined use with an Erlangmeter to determine the average duration of occupancy in a group of switching devices. 13 ·. Device according to one or more of Claims 3 to 11, characterized by their combined use with one arranged in front of a group of switching devices Selector stage connected spin counting device to determine the operational quality of this Group of switching devices. Considered publications:
German patent specifications No. 918 817, 935 065. 1 sheet of drawings © 909 578/90 7.