DE1059032B - Circuit arrangement for converting electrical currents into impulses with the aid of a surge circuit, especially for remote measurement purposes - Google Patents
Circuit arrangement for converting electrical currents into impulses with the aid of a surge circuit, especially for remote measurement purposesInfo
- Publication number
- DE1059032B DE1059032B DEV14245A DEV0014245A DE1059032B DE 1059032 B DE1059032 B DE 1059032B DE V14245 A DEV14245 A DE V14245A DE V0014245 A DEV0014245 A DE V0014245A DE 1059032 B DE1059032 B DE 1059032B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- transistor
- voltage
- capacitor
- bridge
- emitter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000417893 Kania Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K5/00—Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
- H03K5/156—Arrangements in which a continuous pulse train is transformed into a train having a desired pattern
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C19/00—Electric signal transmission systems
- G08C19/16—Electric signal transmission systems in which transmission is by pulses
- G08C19/26—Electric signal transmission systems in which transmission is by pulses by varying pulse repetition frequency
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K12/00—Producing pulses by distorting or combining sinusoidal waveforms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
- H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K4/00—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)
Description
kl. 21a1 36kl. 21a 1 36
INTERNATIONALE KL.INTERNATIONAL KL.
PATE NTAMT PAT E NT OFFICE
V14245 VHIa/21a1 V14245 VHIa / 21a 1
AN ME LDE TA G: 16. APRIL 1958AN ME LDE TA G: APRIL 16, 1958
BEKANNTMACHUNG
DKR ANMELDUNG
UND AUSGABE DER
AUSLEGESCHRIFT: 11. JUNI 1959NOTICE
DKR REGISTRATION
AND ISSUE OF THE
EDITORIAL: JUNE 11, 1959
Es sind, insbesondere im Zusammenhang mit der Fernübertragung von Meßgrößen, Schaltungen bekannt, die dazu dienen, einen elektrischen Strom oder eine elektrische Spannung in Impulse umzuwandeln. Circuits are known, especially in connection with the remote transmission of measured quantities, which serve to convert an electric current or an electric voltage into impulses.
Dabei kania es sich um die Umwandlung von Gleichströmen oder -spannungen, jedoch auch von Wechselströmen oder -spannungen handeln. Für die Zwecke der Fernmessung wird meist die Forderung gestellt, daß die Häufigkeit der erzeugten Impulse in eimern bestimmten Verhältnis, zur Stärke der in Impulse umzuwandelnden Größe steht.This kania is the conversion of direct currents or voltages, but also of alternating currents or tensions. For the purposes of telemetry, the requirement is usually made, that the frequency of the generated impulses is in a certain proportion to the strength of the impulses to be converted Size stands.
Die Aufgabe, Ströme oder Spannungen in Impulse umzuwandeln, ist bisher "unter Zuhilfenahme eines oder mehrerer, von den umzuwandelnden Strömen gespeister Kondensatoren und eines den Ladezustand dieser Kondensatoren überwachenden; Relais erfüllt worden, dem beim Ansprechen eine elektrische oder magnetische Kraft entgegenwirkt, die im Augenblick der KontaktöfBnung wieder verschwindet. Die Gegenkraft wird dabei mit Hilfe einer besonderen Wicklung des Relais erzeugt, deren Erregerspantiomg- an einem Spannungsteiler abgegriffen und durch die Relaiskonitakte umgepolt wird· "The task of converting currents or voltages into impulses is so far "with the help of a or several capacitors fed by the currents to be converted and one of the state of charge these capacitors monitoring; Relay has been met, which when responding to an electrical or counteracts magnetic force, which disappears at the moment the contact is opened. The counterforce is generated with the help of a special winding of the relay, whose exciter spantiomg- on one The voltage divider is tapped and the polarity is reversed by the relay contacts "
Obgleich mit dieser. Schaltung gegenüber den. bekannten Glimmlampeflsehaltungen der Vorteil eimer geringeren. "Betriebsspannung erzielt wird, weist sie die Störanfälligkeit auf, 'die beiiallen Relais schaltungen durch; diie. Möglichkeit". des Auftretens von Kontaktfehlern verschiedenster Art gegeben ist."Although with this one. Circuit opposite the. well-known glow lamp circuits the advantage bucket lesser. "Operating voltage is achieved, it has the susceptibility to failure, 'the relays circuits by; diie. Possibility ". The occurrence of contact errors of various kinds is given."
Der .Erfindung Hegt' die. Auf gäbe ziugrundie^.diie. mit den bekannten Anardratihgen verbundenen Nachteile
zu vermeiden; Die erfiniduingsgemäße Lösung-besieht dariiE daß, über, eiceni,tFransi'stor,.-der.duröh.eine Vor- spannungsquelle
in leitenden Zuatandcgebracht-ist,,aus einer zweiten Spannungsquelle einieBräckenanordlnung
gespeist wird, die in ihrem einen Zweig
sehen Widerständen und im anderen
Kondensator und einem Transistor besteht, desseü"" Basis-Emitter-Strom in Abhängigkeit von einer Meßgröße
den inneren Widerstand dieses Transistors ändert und hierdurch eine Änderung der Ladezeit des
Kondensators verursacht, und daß im Mittelzweig der Brückenschaitung ein weiterer Transistor angeordnet
ist, der während des Aufladevorganiges gesperrt ist und leitend wird, sobald die Lade-spanntmg am Kondensator
gleich dem Spannungsabfall am gegenüberliegenden Brückenwiderstand ist, so daß sich der Kondensator
über diesen Transistor und die Primärwicklung eines Impulsübertragers unter Erzeugung eines
Spannungsabfalls an dieser Wicklung entlädt!, wodurch der Transistor, über den die Brückenanordmuiig
gespeist wird, aus dem leitenden in den gesperrten Zustand übergeht und die Brückenanordnung währendThe "invention cherishes." Give up ziugrundie ^ .diie. to avoid the disadvantages associated with the known Anardratihgen; The solution according to the invention - provides that, via, eiceni, tFransi'stor, - which is brought into a conductive state through
see resistances and in the other
There is a capacitor and a transistor, whose base-emitter current changes the internal resistance of this transistor as a function of a measured variable and thereby causes a change in the charging time of the capacitor, and that a further transistor is arranged in the middle branch of the bridge circuit, which during the Aufladevorganiges is blocked and becomes conductive as soon as the charging voltage on the capacitor is equal to the voltage drop on the opposite bridge resistor, so that the capacitor discharges via this transistor and the primary winding of a pulse transformer, generating a voltage drop on this winding !, whereby the transistor over the bridge arrangement is fed from the conductive to the blocked state and the bridge arrangement during
Schaltungsanordnung zur UmwandlungCircuit arrangement for conversion
von elektrischen Strömen in Impulseof electrical currents in pulses
mit Hilfe eines Stoßkreises, insbesondere für die Zwecke der Fernmessungwith the help of a shock circle, especially for remote measurement purposes
Anmelder:Applicant:
VEB Werk für Fernmeldewesen,
Berlin-Oberschöneweide, Ostendstr. 1-5VEB plant for telecommunications,
Berlin-Oberschöneweide, Ostendstr. 1-5
Franz Lauenroth, Berlin-Friedrichshagen,
ist als Erfinder genannt wordenFranz Lauenroth, Berlin-Friedrichshagen,
has been named as the inventor
des Entladevorganges von der Spannungsquelle abtrennt. -'"" ■■"_..-'■ disconnects from the voltage source during the discharge process. - '"" ■■ "_..-' ■
Damit wird erreicht, daß bei dtem Vorteil geringster 'Betriebsspannung Md größter- Betriebssicherheit wartungslos 'Meinlste Ströme kr Impulse umgewandelt werden· können.: Der Mittelwert des/Ladestromes des Kondensators ist hierbei der erzeugten Impulsfrequenz proportional, sofern die Brückenspaiinung "konstant ist,, da die Beziehung gilt: ■■--.". -■- ' . . ;'■ '\~~ ■- -" This ensures that with the advantage of the lowest 'operating voltage Md, the greatest - operational reliability, maintenance-free' the relationship is: ■■ -. ". - ■ - '. . ; '■' \ ~~ ■ - - "
stänitgr-stain-
eingestellten Impulsfrequenz ebenfalls konstant sind, gewählten Emitter- oder Basisschaltung des Kondensators vorgesehenen TräfisTsfor~ergibt sich ein entsprechender Zusammenhang zwischen dem über den Kollektor fließenden, der Impulsfrequenz proportionalen Ladestrom utidl dem Basis-Emi'tter-Strom, der von einer Meßgröße geliefert wird.set pulse frequency are also constant, selected emitter or base circuit A corresponding relationship results between the charging current flowing through the collector and proportional to the pulse frequency utidl dem Base emitter current that is supplied by a measured variable.
In der Zeichnung ist. die Erfindung an Hand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher beschrieben.In the drawing is. the invention is described in more detail using an exemplary embodiment.
Die aus den Widerständen 1, 2, dem Kondensator 3 und dem Transistor 4 aufgebaute Brückenschaltung liegt mit dem Transistor 5 in Reihe geschaltet an der Spannungsquelle 6. Durch die von einer weiteren Spannuingsquelle 7 erzeugte Basis-Emitter-Spannung des Transistors 5 ist dieser so weit vorgespannt, daiß er für den Strom, der durch die SpanniungsqueHe 6 erzeugt wird, nur einen vernachlässigbar kleinen Widerstand' darstellt. Dadurch kann sich der Kondien-The bridge circuit made up of the resistors 1, 2, the capacitor 3 and the transistor 4 is connected in series with the transistor 5 at the voltage source 6 biased so that it represents only a negligibly small resistance for the current which is generated by the voltage source 6. This allows the conditional
a?.a 333\:Ke 909 530/268a? .a 333 \: Ke 909 530/268
Claims (1)
Die erfindungsgemäße Schaltungsanordnung istSator3 over. the. Charge the internal resistance of the transistor 4. The charging time is determined by the base-emitter current of the transistor 4. The transistor 8 in the middle branch of the bridge is blocked during the charging process, since the voltage drop across the transistor 4 is greater than the voltage drop across the bridge resistor I, so that there is a positive base-emitter voltage for the transistor 8. If the capacitor 3 is charged so much that its voltage is equal to the voltage drop across the bridge resistor 2, then the voltage drop across the transistor 4 is also equal to the voltage drop across the bridge resistor 1, i.e. the bridge transistor 8 no longer receives a positive bias and begins to conduct . The capacitor 3 can now, as can be seen from the figure, discharge via the transistor 8 and the primary winding of the transformer 9. By this Entfe.destrom the base-emitter path of the transistor 5 is positively biased due to the voltage drop generated on the winding, so that this transistor is blocked. As a result, the connection between the bridge arrangement and the voltage source 6 is cut off, so that no further charging of the capacitor 3 can occur. At the same time, the base of this bridge transistor 8 receives a negative voltage from the capacitor 3 via the bridge resistor 2 with respect to the emitter, so that the transistor 8 is completely opened and the discharge current rises like an avalanche. Practically only the primary winding of the transformer 9 is now present as a discharge resistor for the capacitor 3. Has the capacitor 3 charged so far that the voltage drop occurring across the primary winding of the transformer 9 is less than the voltage of the voltage source 7, then the base of the transistor 5 is again given a negative voltage with respect to the emitter, and the transistor 5 begins to open . As a result, however, the bridge arrangement receives voltage again from the voltage source 6, so that the base of the bridge transistor 8 becomes positive with respect to the emitter and the transistor 8 returns to the blocked state and the discharging process ceases. The transistor 5 now receives its full negative base-emitter voltage again from the voltage source 7, so that the charging process of the capacitor 3 begins anew. In the secondary winding of the transformer 9, a voltage pulse is induced with each discharge process, which, via the terminals 10, controls, for example, a flip-flop protection to generate the measurement pulses. The chronological sequence of the. .Klemmenίθ detachable pulses is proportional to the average charging current of capacitor 3 flowing through the collector of transistor 4. This produces the pulse frequencies corresponding to the various control currents.
The circuit arrangement according to the invention is
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEV14245A DE1059032B (en) | 1958-04-16 | 1958-04-16 | Circuit arrangement for converting electrical currents into impulses with the aid of a surge circuit, especially for remote measurement purposes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEV14245A DE1059032B (en) | 1958-04-16 | 1958-04-16 | Circuit arrangement for converting electrical currents into impulses with the aid of a surge circuit, especially for remote measurement purposes |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE1059032B true DE1059032B (en) | 1959-06-11 |
Family
ID=7574507
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEV14245A Pending DE1059032B (en) | 1958-04-16 | 1958-04-16 | Circuit arrangement for converting electrical currents into impulses with the aid of a surge circuit, especially for remote measurement purposes |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE1059032B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1122417B (en) * | 1959-10-02 | 1962-01-18 | Siemens & Halske G M B H | Pulse transmitter for remote transmission |
-
1958
- 1958-04-16 DE DEV14245A patent/DE1059032B/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1122417B (en) * | 1959-10-02 | 1962-01-18 | Siemens & Halske G M B H | Pulse transmitter for remote transmission |
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