DE1052720B - Electronic calculator for performing multiplications - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

The invention relates to an electronic calculating machine for performing multiplications.

Electronic calculating machines of this type are already available known. In addition to a multiplicand and multiplier memory, these devices have one each with the required number of items in the product memory and require it from computers Larger computing capacity at least a considerable expenditure on switching elements, which is especially unfavorable affects portable devices.

Furthermore, a mechanical computing device has become known in which a part of the result counter, which is intended for the inclusion of the product during the calculation, at the same time as a multiplier counter serves. In this device there are components for separate storage of the multiplier are saved, however, are for the transfer of the keyed-in values to the product memory and for the deletion of the multiplier during a multiplication to the result counter to make the product fully receptive, special resources required, which reduce the value of the saving and whose requirement it may also justify that so far no equivalent electronic calculating machine has yet become known.

The present invention is intended to improve an electronic calculating machine to this effect be that in a simple way a double exploitation of the product storage facility is possible without significant additional funds.

This is achieved in that a number of counters of the product storage unit corresponding to the number of digits of the multiplier and provided for receiving the upper value digits of the product are arranged successively to a multiplier sensing device according to the value order according to the value order and that the blocking of the carry pulse takes place during a multiplier sampling by the same relays.

It is also particularly advantageous that each counter of the product storage unit containing a multiplier number deleted when scanning the multiplier and so for the inclusion of the digits of the calculated Product becomes free.

The invention is to be explained on the basis of a circuit diagram using an exemplary embodiment. It shows

Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of the device according to the invention,

2 shows an example of the arrangement of the switching elements between two counters.

The multiplication takes place according to the known type of electronic calculating machine
for performing multiplications

Applicant:

VEB

Booking machine works Karl-Marx-Stadt, Karl-Marx-Stadt, Altchemnitzer Str. 41

Dipl.-Phys. Joachim Schulze, Limbach-Oberfrohna (Sa.), has been named as the inventor

of continued addition. As is well known, this involves sensing the multiplicand and multiplier memory necessary. This sensing is carried out by a known control device, which therefore is not described in detail.

In this numerical example, a four-digit multiplier and a three-digit multiplier should be used Multiplicands are worked.

The multiplicand memories ZO, Zl and Z2 are connected to the control device via line 10 VS "and have been filled in a known manner with the value" 567 "so that the value" 7 "is in the counter ZO and the value in Z1 is The multiplier memory consists of four counters Z13, Z14, Z15, Z16, into which the value »1238« in the sequence Z13 value »8«, Z14 value »3«, Z15 value »2«, Z16 value »1« has been entered.

These counters are assigned relays (not shown in the drawing) in the sequence counter Z13, a relay A, and counter Z14, a relay B. These relays have the task of switching over when the individual points of the factors are sensed as is known. They are excited one after the other by control pulses RV and control, as is known, connected contact switches α 8, α 9, bS, & 9 etc., where-

809 769/277

3 4

by one of the counters Z13 to Z16 via the Simultaneously the first one running via gate G 2 switches

Gate G1 and flip-flop F-F1 to the control device pulse the flip-flop FF 3 around, creating a gate G 3

is connected. opened and a gate G 4 is closed.

Furthermore, the counters ZlO, ZIl and Z12 for the pulses emerging from system B are running

The last three digits of the product are now picked up via gate G 3 to gates GlOj GIl and

act. These counters are controlled by flip-flops G12, but are not let through as these are still

FFlO, FFIl, FF 12 controlled gates GlO, GIl and are closed. At the moment when the counters

G12 connected to the pulse generator. Enter ZO, Zl and Z2 until »10« or »0« are filled

When the relays A, B, C, not shown, are energized, these relays are

and D , as is known, the associated io would be a pulse to the downstream one

Switching contacts closed, and the relevant flip-flops. These flip-flops FFlO ₁ FFIl and FF 12

Counters are in the operating position. This will switch over and open the gates

when relay A is energized, contacts α0 and al as well as GlO to G12. The third impulse of the third ten

a 8 and a9, when relay B picks up, contacts b0, cycle switches the counter ZO to "10", the

bl, b8, b9 closed, etc. 15 CounterZl to "9" and CounterZ2 to "8". Of the

The computing cycle is started by a start pulse that switches to »0 '«. The counter ZO sends a pulse to the

triggered, the relay A is energized and the flip-flop FF 10, which in turn, the gate GIO

Contacts a0, al as well as a8 and α 9 closed. With opens. The third pulse taken from system B.

When relay A picks up, an impulse of the third tens cycle is sent to VF 7 - so it runs through the gates

give which of VF 7 by a few milliseconds 20 G 3 and GlO and the closed contact α 0 in the

is delayed, a flip-flop FF 0 switches over and the product counter Z10 on and at "0"

so that Gate GO is opened. switches this to "1". The fourth from System ./ί is

The pulse generator M is from a system A taken pulse this ten cycle represents the

and B alternately pulses from such that counter Zl is always on "10" or "0", and via flip-flop

a pulse, for example of the system ^, exactly in 25 FFIl the gate GIl is opened. The fourth out

the pulse of this decimal cycle taken from half of the time interval between system B

two impulses of system B lies. The system from System ^ now comes through the gates G3, GIl and GIO

outgoing impulses reach the open gate via the closed contacts a0 and al in the

GO to a "0" counter Z8. After ten counters ZlO and ZIl, where the counter ZlQ is set to "2"

The counter Z8 sends a pulse to which it is switched to 30 and the counter ZIl to "1". Of the

"0" standing ZählerZ9 and switches it to fifth from System ^ next pulse switches the

"1". At the same time, the counter Z2 from counter Z8 comes to "0", the counter Zl to "1" and the

The impulse that occurs via an open gate Gl, the counter ZO to "2". The one delivered by counter Z2

closed contact a8 on the pulse standing on "8" switches flip-flop FF 12 and opens the gate

Counter Z13 and switches it to "9". With the now 35 G12. The one arriving from system B via gate G3

The following second decimal cycle is now switched to the fifth pulse again via gate G10 and

"0" standing counter Z 8 is filled up again, and the closed contact α 0 the counter Z10, over

The tenth pulse of this cycle switches the gate GIl to "1" and Kontaktal switches the counters ZIl and gate

standing counter Z9 on "2" and counter Z13 on G12 and contact α2 the counter Z12 by one each

"10" or "0". One step further over the closed Kon 40, so that Z10 to "3", ZIl to "2" and

clock α 9 emitted pulse switches the flip-flop Z12 to "1". The counter Z 8 is meanwhile

FFl around, which closes gate Gl and gate G2 back to "9" and returns when the third

is opened. Ten cycle with the thirtieth impulse one

The pulse from counter Z13 to flip-flop FF1 down to flip-flop FF3 , this is reversed

given pulse must switch for the downstream counter 45, thereby closing gate G 3 and opening gate

Z14 remain ineffective, as this impulse does not go to G4. The pulses now taken from system B.

belongs to the actual arithmetic process and one arrives at the flip-flops FF 12, FF 11 via gate G 4

would lead to an incorrect result in counter Z14. Off and FFlO, these are toggled and close

For this reason, the downstream gates GlO to G12 are switched to the counter outputs, so that no

contacts α9, b9, c9 are switched, which enter the product memory during the 50 more pulses

feeling of the multiplier memory the connection to the can. There is now in the product memory

Produce flip-flop FFl. After sensing both the value »765«, namely the value in the counter Z10

For example, in counter Z13, relay A drops out, and "7", in counter ZIl the value "6" and in counter Z12

the contact ö9 thus goes into its other position. the value "5". This process just described

If, as in the following description 55 is repeated seven more times, ie until the end of the calculation, the counter Z13 has filled to "10" during the computation of the tenth cycle of ten or up to the hundredth cycle, then the first pulse will be . The product memory receives the relevant number of pulses that are now switched in opposite directions via the α-contacts closed by the carry pulse emerging from the counter Z13. The individual product counters count up changeover contact Z14 60 least until "10" turn led to the tenth pulse on the downstream counter. The mentioned changeover contacts α 9, 69 and "0" and give to the next counter c 9 so when sensing the connection to a pulse, which flip-flop Fi ⁷ 1 by one place and after filling the Is connected. If, for example, the counter Z12 is filled to the next counter with the value »10 ¹ «, then this gives its transfer.

The entry pulse now exiting from system A is sent to the one deleted after sensing

The twentieth pulse runs both through the gate GO multiplier memory Z13. In this way and

on the counter Z 8 as well as the now opened way, the counters Z13 to Z16 are once as

Gate G 2 to the multiplicand counter and switches multiplier and to the other as a product memory

the counter ZO from "7" to "8", the counter Z1 from used, that is, used twice. is

"6" to "7" and counter Z2 from "5" to "6". 70 the first cycle of operation ended, i.e. the multi

plikand multiplied by one, namely the filled position, then one hundred pulses are taken from the pulse generator in cycles of ten pulses each time. The hundredth pulse coming from system A switches the counter Z 8 up from "9" to "10" so that it emits a pulse that switches the flip-flop FF 3 once, so that gate G 3 is closed and gate G4 is opened , and on the other hand, the counter Z9, which is set to "9", switches to "10". The counter Z9 sends a pulse to the flip-flop FF 5 and switches it over. The hundredth pulse emerging from system B runs through gate G 4 to flip-flops FF 10, FF 12 and switches them over so that gates G10 and G12 are closed. In addition, this pulse is taken from the line 15 ″ and the flip-flop FF 5 switched over. This thereby emits a pulse itself which switches the flip-flop FF 1, so that gate G1 is opened again and gate G 2 is closed the pulse emerging from flip-flop FF 5 switches over the flip-flop FFO so that gate GO is closed, and a control pulse emerging from the other side of the flip-flop FFO continues the program control via RV , and after appropriate amplification This pulse energizes the relay B and closes the switch contacts B. The relay A drops out and the switch contacts α are opened again.

After the end of the first hundreds cycle, the counters contain the following values:

In the multiplicand memory, counter ZO is at "7", Zl is at "6" and Z2 is at "5". Located in the product store is the result of the first hundreds cycle, namely the eightfold continued addition of the Multiplicands with the value »4536« in the counters ZlO value »6« ZIl value »3«, Z12 value »5« and the sampled multiplier memory Z13 value »4«.

The type of switching of the relays and the relay windings A ₁ B, C and D themselves are not described in detail, since arrangements and methods of this type are known. After switching over the relays, the start of the new program control must be delayed a little so that the relays come to rest.

A known delay element VF 7 is interposed for this purpose. In addition, safety switching elements consisting of capacitors C 1 and C 10 and resistors R 1 and 10 are arranged to prevent voltage jumps when opening and closing the relay contacts. A switching example is shown in the line of the counter Z10. The pulse delayed in VF 7 switches over the flip-flop FFO at the beginning of the new hundred cycle, so that the gate GO is opened. This allows pulses from system A to emerge again via gate GO, and the circuit works as already described. However, the pulses emerging from the counter Z8 now run through the now closed C8 contact into the counter Z14. Likewise, the pulses taken from system B via gate G10 run via contact b0 in counter ZIl and / or via gate GIl and contact el, contact fo2 in counter Z13. After the end of the second hundreds cycle, the value "6237" is in the product memory as a result of the triple consecutive addition. At the beginning of the third hundred cycle, relay C is energized and relay B is brought to rest. This opens the 5 contacts and closes the c contacts. After the gate GO is opened, the tenth pulse exiting from counter Z8 now enters counter Z15 via contact c8. After performing the switching process already described and completing the third hundreds cycle, the product memory contains a value of "7371".

To cool down the fourth digit of the multiplier, namely the counter Z16., A fourth hundred cycle must be started. Relay D is energized and relay C de-energizes. This in turn cZ contacts are closed and the c-contacts, so that d via the contact 8 of the counter Z16

ίο can be sensed. After the required switching process has expired, the pulses representing the result value of this hundredth cycle enter counter Z13 via gate G10 and contacts d 0, via gate G 11 and contact d 1 into counter Z14 and via gate G12 and contact d2 into counter Z15 .

There is now a seven-digit number in the four-digit multiplier and the three-digit product memory Product, namely the final result of this multiplication »7938«.

The entire product memory can now be deleted through a suitable changeover and new values can be entered. When starting a new one. The arithmetic operation is in turn energized relay A , whereby relay D drops out, and the arithmetic operation is carried out in the manner described.

In Fig. 2, another switching option between two counters Z13 and Z14 is shown to prevent the delivery of sensing pulses to the downstream counter. During the sensing, the contacts α 10 and σ 11 are closed. The pulse emerging from the counter Z13 thus runs once to the flip-flop FF 1 and, on the other hand, is connected to earth via the resistor R 2 and the contact all, so that the counter Z14 remains unaffected by this pulse.

After the counter has been sensed and relay A has dropped out, both the contact α 10 and the contact all are opened, so that the carry pulse runs on the counter Z14 during the arithmetic process in the event of a counter carryover.

Claims (3)

Patent claims: 1. Electronic calculating machine for performing multiplications with tube counters for the inclusion of the multiplier, multiplicand and product resulting from the individual Electronic counters assigned to value points exist, according to the principle of repeated addition with shifting of the multiplier digits and corresponding shifting of the product digits, characterized in that one of the digits of the multiplier Corresponding number intended for the inclusion of the upper value digits of the product Counters (Z 13 to Z16) of the product storage unit by relays, which the position shift execute, according to the order of values, one after the other to a multiplier sensing device are arranged connectable and that the blocking of the carry pulse during a Multiplier sensing is done by the same relays. 2. Electronic calculating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that switching contacts (α 9, b9, c9) are provided for blocking the carry pulse from the product counters used as a multiplier memory (Z 13 to Z15), which are the output of one of these counters Connect (Z 13 to Z15) alternately to the input of the downstream counter and to the multiplier filling device (Gl, FFl, Z 9). 3. Electronic calculating machine according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that for the blocking of the carry pulse from the product counters used as multiplier memory (Z 13 to Z15) a normally open contact (oil 1) is provided which is determined by the corresponding column Shift relay is operated, creating a well-known Pulse intermediate storage element (i? 2) held in the rest position and so the carry pulse is suppressed. Considered publications:
German Patent No. 750 614;
Hollerith-Nachrichten, issue 74, June 1937, pp. 1022 to 1024. 1 sheet of drawings