[go: up one dir, main page]

DE1042145B - Process for controlling nuclear reactors - Google Patents

Process for controlling nuclear reactors

Info

Publication number
DE1042145B
DE1042145B DED24914A DED0024914A DE1042145B DE 1042145 B DE1042145 B DE 1042145B DE D24914 A DED24914 A DE D24914A DE D0024914 A DED0024914 A DE D0024914A DE 1042145 B DE1042145 B DE 1042145B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
neutron
control
reactor
absorbing
liquid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DED24914A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dr Erich Bagge
Dr Kurt Diebner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DED24914A priority Critical patent/DE1042145B/en
Priority to DED28770A priority patent/DE1058645B/en
Publication of DE1042145B publication Critical patent/DE1042145B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21CNUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C7/00Control of nuclear reaction
    • G21C7/06Control of nuclear reaction by application of neutron-absorbing material, i.e. material with absorption cross-section very much in excess of reflection cross-section
    • G21C7/22Control of nuclear reaction by application of neutron-absorbing material, i.e. material with absorption cross-section very much in excess of reflection cross-section by displacement of a fluid or fluent neutron-absorbing material, e.g. by adding neutron-absorbing material to the coolant
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30Nuclear fission reactors

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Steuerung von Kernreaktoren Die Steuerung von Kernreaktoren wird heute im allgemeinen dadurch ermöglicht, daß man neutronenabsorbierende, in folgendem kurz »neutrophile« Stäbe genannt, von veränderlicher Einstelltiefe in den Kern des Reaktors oder auch in dessen Reflektor einbaut. Dieses Steuersystem hat den Nachteil, daß die Bewegung der Steuerstäbe wie auch die der Ausgleichs-und Sicherheitsstäbe auf elektromagnetischem oder pneumatischem Wege innerhalb des Reaktorkessels durchgeführt werden muß, was bei hohen Drücken besondere Vorsichtsmaßnahmen erfordert und die technische Durchführung dieser Steuerungsmaßnahmen sehr erschwert. Man hat deshalb den Vorschlag gemacht, neben den mechanischen Steuerstäben zum Teil neutronenabsorbierende Flüssigkeiten zur Steuerung und als Sicherheitseinrichtung zu verwenden. Es wurde daran gedacht, das Flüssigkeitsniveau in den Steuerröhren zu verändern und durch eine Drucksteuerung diese Änderungen sehr rasch zu vollziehen. Darüber hinaus bietet sich die Möglichkeit, an Stelle der festen Steuerstäbe bzw. der Kombination fester Steuerstäbe mit neutronenabsorbierenden Flüssigkeiten als Steuereinrichtung allein Rohre durch das Reaktorinnere zu führen, die von neutrophilen Flüssigkeiten durchsetzt werden. Es ist dabei möglich, diese Rohre gegen den unter Druck stehenden Bereich des Reaktors völlig abzudichten.Procedure for controlling nuclear reactors The control of nuclear reactors is generally made possible today by using neutron absorbing, in hereinafter referred to as "neutrophilic" rods for short, with variable adjustment depth in built into the core of the reactor or in its reflector. This tax system has the disadvantage that the movement of the control rods as well as that of the compensation and Electromagnetic or pneumatic safety bars inside the reactor vessel must be carried out, which requires special precautions at high pressures and makes the technical implementation of these control measures very difficult. One has therefore made the proposal, in addition to the mechanical control rods, partly neutron-absorbing To use liquids for control and as a safety device. It was thought of changing the fluid level in the control tubes and through a pressure control to make these changes very quickly. It also offers the possibility of using fixed control rods or a combination of fixed control rods Control rods with neutron-absorbing liquids as the control device alone To lead pipes through the reactor interior, which are permeated by neutrophils will. It is possible to use these pipes against the pressurized area to seal the reactor completely.

So ist auch schon der Vorschlag bekanntgeworden, zur Steuerung von Kernreaktoren an Stelle oder neben festen Steuer-, Ausgleichs- und Sicherheitsstäben eine neutronenabsorbierende Flüssigkeit in einem Röhrensystem im Reaktor zu verwenden. Erfindungsgemäß soll nun dabei die neutronenabsorbierende Flüssigkeit den Reaktor im Röhrensystem laufend durchströmen, und gleichzeitig soll dabei die Konzentration des Neutronenabsorbers in der Flüssigkeit je nach der Steueraufgabe gehoben oder gesenkt werden.So the proposal has already become known to control Nuclear reactors in place of or next to fixed control, compensation and safety rods to use a neutron absorbing liquid in a system of tubes in the reactor. According to the invention, the neutron-absorbing liquid is now supposed to enter the reactor flow continuously through the pipe system, and at the same time the concentration should be of the neutron absorber lifted or in the liquid depending on the control task be lowered.

Richtet man die Konzentration dieser Flüssigkeiten und die Weite der Durchflußrohre so ein, daß bei einem Bündel von z. B. zwanzig Rohren diese in der Lage sind, die Reaktivität des Reaktors zu Null zu bringen, dann verfügt man über eine Möglichkeit, den Reaktor in zwanzig Stufen schrittweise an- oder abzuschalten, indem man etwa jedes einzelne Rohr der Reihe nach mit der neutrophilen Flüssigkeit beschickt. Dies muß dabei in solcher Weise geschehen, daß während des Umschaltvorganges von neutrophiler auf nicht absorbierende Flüssigkeit der Reaktivitätszuwachs auch nicht vorübergehend die prompt-kritische Toleranzgrenze überschreitet. Unter Umständen ist es jedoch nötig, durch geeignete Zwischenlösungen verminderter Konzentration des Neutronenabsorbers die Umschaltung von einer zur nächsten Stufe in kleineren Schritten vorzunehmen. Darüber hinaus kann die Konzentrationsänderung der neutronenabsorbierenden Steuerflüssigkeit gegebenenfalls auch kontinuierlich erfolgen.If one judges the concentration of these liquids and the expanse of the Flow tubes so that in a bundle of z. B. twenty tubes this in the Are able to bring the reactivity of the reactor to zero, then one has a possibility to switch the reactor on or off step by step in twenty steps, by placing about every single tube in turn with the neutrophil fluid loaded. This must be done in such a way that during the switching process from neutrophil to non-absorbent fluid the reactivity also increases does not temporarily exceed the prompt critical tolerance limit. In certain circumstances it is necessary, however, by means of suitable intermediate solutions of reduced concentration of the neutron absorber, the switchover from one to the next stage in smaller ones Steps to take. In addition, the concentration change of the neutron absorbing Control fluid may also take place continuously.

Das vorgesehene System der Reaktorsteuerung hat den Vorzug, daß keinerlei mechanische Bewegungen fester Teile innerhalb des Reaktors durchgeführt werden müssen. Außerdem können die Röhren zur Aufnahme der Steuerungsflüssigkeit unter Umständen sogar bei Atmosphärendruck betrieben werden. Das Verfahren hat zudem den weiteren Vorteil, daß man durch Veränderung der Konzentration der Steuerungsflüssigkeit auch bei einem schon in Betrieb befindlichen Reaktor noch Ausgleichsmaßnahmen durchführen kann, wie sie bei einem mit Festkörpern gesteuerten Reaktor nicht in der gleichen Weise möglich sind.The proposed system of reactor control has the advantage that none mechanical movements of fixed parts must be carried out within the reactor. In addition, the tubes for receiving the control fluid can under certain circumstances can even be operated at atmospheric pressure. The procedure also has the other Advantage that one can also change the concentration of the control fluid Carry out compensatory measures for a reactor that is already in operation can, as it is not in the case of a solid-state controlled reactor, in the same way Way are possible.

Claims (2)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE: 1. Verfahren zur Steuerung von Kernreaktoren, bei dem an Stelle oder neben festen Steuer-, Ausgleichs- und Sicherheitsstäben eine neutronenabsorbierende Flüssigkeit zur Steuerung Ver-,vendung findet, die in ein den Reaktor durchdringendes Röhrensystem eingeführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die neutronenabsorbierende Flüssigkeit das Röhrensystem laufend durchströmen läßt und dabei die Konzentration des Neutronenabsorbers in der Flüssigkeit je nach der Steueraufgabe anhebt oder senkt. PATENT CLAIMS: 1. A method for controlling nuclear reactors, in which, instead of or in addition to fixed control, compensation and safety rods, a neutron-absorbing liquid is used for control purposes and is introduced into a tube system penetrating the reactor, characterized in that one allows the neutron-absorbing liquid to flow continuously through the tube system and thereby increases or decreases the concentration of the neutron absorber in the liquid depending on the control task. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Umschaltung von neutronenabsorbierender auf nicht absorbierende Flüssigkeit und umgekehrt durch Zwischenschaltung von Lösungen verminderter Konzentration an neütrophiler Substanz in mehreren- Stufen öder-kön-ti=' nuierlich erfolgt. -In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften: USA.-Patentschrift Nr. 2 735 811; S t e p fi e ri s ö n , » Introduction to Nuclear Engineering-, 195-4, S.282.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that that switching from neutron absorbing on non-absorbent Liquid and vice versa through the interposition of solutions of reduced concentration on neutrophilic substance takes place in several stages or utero. -In References considered: U.S. Patent No. 2,735,811; S t e p fi e ri s ö n, "Introduction to Nuclear Engineering-, 195-4, p.282.
DED24914A 1957-02-13 1957-02-13 Process for controlling nuclear reactors Pending DE1042145B (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED24914A DE1042145B (en) 1957-02-13 1957-02-13 Process for controlling nuclear reactors
DED28770A DE1058645B (en) 1957-02-13 1958-02-28 Process for controlling nuclear reactors

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED24914A DE1042145B (en) 1957-02-13 1957-02-13 Process for controlling nuclear reactors

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1042145B true DE1042145B (en) 1958-10-30

Family

ID=7038346

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DED24914A Pending DE1042145B (en) 1957-02-13 1957-02-13 Process for controlling nuclear reactors

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE1042145B (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1099101B (en) * 1959-03-21 1961-02-09 Siemens Ag Control and shutdown element for nuclear reactors
DE1125562B (en) 1958-04-03 1962-03-15 Rhein Westfael Elect Werk Ag Device for regulating nuclear reactors
DE1156905B (en) * 1959-08-25 1963-11-07 Babcock & Wilcox Dampfkessel Safety device for nuclear reactors
DE1206101B (en) 1960-10-12 1965-12-02 Interatom Device for controlling nuclear reactors by means of neutron absorbing fluids
DE1241005B (en) * 1962-02-13 1967-05-24 Anglo Belge Vulcain Sa Soc Appendix for regulating the reactivity of a nuclear reactor
DE1276230B (en) * 1960-12-19 1968-08-29 Kernkraftwerksbau Veb Device for controlling nuclear reactors

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2735811A (en) * 1956-02-21 Reactor control

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2735811A (en) * 1956-02-21 Reactor control

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1125562B (en) 1958-04-03 1962-03-15 Rhein Westfael Elect Werk Ag Device for regulating nuclear reactors
DE1099101B (en) * 1959-03-21 1961-02-09 Siemens Ag Control and shutdown element for nuclear reactors
DE1156905B (en) * 1959-08-25 1963-11-07 Babcock & Wilcox Dampfkessel Safety device for nuclear reactors
DE1206101B (en) 1960-10-12 1965-12-02 Interatom Device for controlling nuclear reactors by means of neutron absorbing fluids
DE1276230B (en) * 1960-12-19 1968-08-29 Kernkraftwerksbau Veb Device for controlling nuclear reactors
DE1241005B (en) * 1962-02-13 1967-05-24 Anglo Belge Vulcain Sa Soc Appendix for regulating the reactivity of a nuclear reactor

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE1042145B (en) Process for controlling nuclear reactors
GB1013000A (en) Arrangement of a fuel assembly in combination with a control rod assembly for a nuclear reactor
GB919171A (en) Drive means for control members in nuclear reactors
DE1125562B (en) Device for regulating nuclear reactors
DE2246637C3 (en) Fuel element replacement process for nuclear reactors
GB884298A (en) Improvements in nuclear reactors
DE1244979B (en) Device for regulating the pressure of a neutron-absorbing gas mixture for the reactivity control of nuclear reactors
DE957064C (en) Nuclear reactor
DE1221370B (en) Pressure vessel for a nuclear reactor
ES409798A1 (en) Top actuated reactor control system
GB911135A (en) Improvements in or relating to organic liquid moderated and cooled nuclear reactor
DE1589601A1 (en) Process for controlling the reactivity of a nuclear reactor
GB897889A (en) Improvements in or relating to a method of and operation for controlling a nuclear reactor
DE1023156B (en) Thermal nuclear reactor
DE1079229B (en) System for dismantling and handling cells containing radioactive rods
DE2434226A1 (en) Water reactor emergency shutdown using neutron absorbent liquid - which passes through control rod guide tubes connected to coolant circuit
DE2460250A1 (en) NUCLEAR REACTOR
DE1298653B (en) Appendix for regulating reactivity in nuclear reactors
DE1489759C (en) Container for an atomic nuclear reactor with a liquid moderator
DE1068390B (en)
DE1195504B (en) Level switching device for liquid container
DE1589473A1 (en) Safety device for a nuclear reactor
DE1000539B (en) Nuclear reactor
DE1145723B (en) Process for the automatic regulation of the period of nuclear reactors
Fernandez Savannah River Site Canyons–Nimble Behemoths of the Atomic Age