DE1042145B - Process for controlling nuclear reactors - Google Patents
Process for controlling nuclear reactorsInfo
- Publication number
- DE1042145B DE1042145B DED24914A DED0024914A DE1042145B DE 1042145 B DE1042145 B DE 1042145B DE D24914 A DED24914 A DE D24914A DE D0024914 A DED0024914 A DE D0024914A DE 1042145 B DE1042145 B DE 1042145B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- neutron
- control
- reactor
- absorbing
- liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003448 neutrophilic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000004291 uterus Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000000440 neutrophil Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001447 compensatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C7/00—Control of nuclear reaction
- G21C7/06—Control of nuclear reaction by application of neutron-absorbing material, i.e. material with absorption cross-section very much in excess of reflection cross-section
- G21C7/22—Control of nuclear reaction by application of neutron-absorbing material, i.e. material with absorption cross-section very much in excess of reflection cross-section by displacement of a fluid or fluent neutron-absorbing material, e.g. by adding neutron-absorbing material to the coolant
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Steuerung von Kernreaktoren Die Steuerung von Kernreaktoren wird heute im allgemeinen dadurch ermöglicht, daß man neutronenabsorbierende, in folgendem kurz »neutrophile« Stäbe genannt, von veränderlicher Einstelltiefe in den Kern des Reaktors oder auch in dessen Reflektor einbaut. Dieses Steuersystem hat den Nachteil, daß die Bewegung der Steuerstäbe wie auch die der Ausgleichs-und Sicherheitsstäbe auf elektromagnetischem oder pneumatischem Wege innerhalb des Reaktorkessels durchgeführt werden muß, was bei hohen Drücken besondere Vorsichtsmaßnahmen erfordert und die technische Durchführung dieser Steuerungsmaßnahmen sehr erschwert. Man hat deshalb den Vorschlag gemacht, neben den mechanischen Steuerstäben zum Teil neutronenabsorbierende Flüssigkeiten zur Steuerung und als Sicherheitseinrichtung zu verwenden. Es wurde daran gedacht, das Flüssigkeitsniveau in den Steuerröhren zu verändern und durch eine Drucksteuerung diese Änderungen sehr rasch zu vollziehen. Darüber hinaus bietet sich die Möglichkeit, an Stelle der festen Steuerstäbe bzw. der Kombination fester Steuerstäbe mit neutronenabsorbierenden Flüssigkeiten als Steuereinrichtung allein Rohre durch das Reaktorinnere zu führen, die von neutrophilen Flüssigkeiten durchsetzt werden. Es ist dabei möglich, diese Rohre gegen den unter Druck stehenden Bereich des Reaktors völlig abzudichten.Procedure for controlling nuclear reactors The control of nuclear reactors is generally made possible today by using neutron absorbing, in hereinafter referred to as "neutrophilic" rods for short, with variable adjustment depth in built into the core of the reactor or in its reflector. This tax system has the disadvantage that the movement of the control rods as well as that of the compensation and Electromagnetic or pneumatic safety bars inside the reactor vessel must be carried out, which requires special precautions at high pressures and makes the technical implementation of these control measures very difficult. One has therefore made the proposal, in addition to the mechanical control rods, partly neutron-absorbing To use liquids for control and as a safety device. It was thought of changing the fluid level in the control tubes and through a pressure control to make these changes very quickly. It also offers the possibility of using fixed control rods or a combination of fixed control rods Control rods with neutron-absorbing liquids as the control device alone To lead pipes through the reactor interior, which are permeated by neutrophils will. It is possible to use these pipes against the pressurized area to seal the reactor completely.
So ist auch schon der Vorschlag bekanntgeworden, zur Steuerung von Kernreaktoren an Stelle oder neben festen Steuer-, Ausgleichs- und Sicherheitsstäben eine neutronenabsorbierende Flüssigkeit in einem Röhrensystem im Reaktor zu verwenden. Erfindungsgemäß soll nun dabei die neutronenabsorbierende Flüssigkeit den Reaktor im Röhrensystem laufend durchströmen, und gleichzeitig soll dabei die Konzentration des Neutronenabsorbers in der Flüssigkeit je nach der Steueraufgabe gehoben oder gesenkt werden.So the proposal has already become known to control Nuclear reactors in place of or next to fixed control, compensation and safety rods to use a neutron absorbing liquid in a system of tubes in the reactor. According to the invention, the neutron-absorbing liquid is now supposed to enter the reactor flow continuously through the pipe system, and at the same time the concentration should be of the neutron absorber lifted or in the liquid depending on the control task be lowered.
Richtet man die Konzentration dieser Flüssigkeiten und die Weite der Durchflußrohre so ein, daß bei einem Bündel von z. B. zwanzig Rohren diese in der Lage sind, die Reaktivität des Reaktors zu Null zu bringen, dann verfügt man über eine Möglichkeit, den Reaktor in zwanzig Stufen schrittweise an- oder abzuschalten, indem man etwa jedes einzelne Rohr der Reihe nach mit der neutrophilen Flüssigkeit beschickt. Dies muß dabei in solcher Weise geschehen, daß während des Umschaltvorganges von neutrophiler auf nicht absorbierende Flüssigkeit der Reaktivitätszuwachs auch nicht vorübergehend die prompt-kritische Toleranzgrenze überschreitet. Unter Umständen ist es jedoch nötig, durch geeignete Zwischenlösungen verminderter Konzentration des Neutronenabsorbers die Umschaltung von einer zur nächsten Stufe in kleineren Schritten vorzunehmen. Darüber hinaus kann die Konzentrationsänderung der neutronenabsorbierenden Steuerflüssigkeit gegebenenfalls auch kontinuierlich erfolgen.If one judges the concentration of these liquids and the expanse of the Flow tubes so that in a bundle of z. B. twenty tubes this in the Are able to bring the reactivity of the reactor to zero, then one has a possibility to switch the reactor on or off step by step in twenty steps, by placing about every single tube in turn with the neutrophil fluid loaded. This must be done in such a way that during the switching process from neutrophil to non-absorbent fluid the reactivity also increases does not temporarily exceed the prompt critical tolerance limit. In certain circumstances it is necessary, however, by means of suitable intermediate solutions of reduced concentration of the neutron absorber, the switchover from one to the next stage in smaller ones Steps to take. In addition, the concentration change of the neutron absorbing Control fluid may also take place continuously.
Das vorgesehene System der Reaktorsteuerung hat den Vorzug, daß keinerlei mechanische Bewegungen fester Teile innerhalb des Reaktors durchgeführt werden müssen. Außerdem können die Röhren zur Aufnahme der Steuerungsflüssigkeit unter Umständen sogar bei Atmosphärendruck betrieben werden. Das Verfahren hat zudem den weiteren Vorteil, daß man durch Veränderung der Konzentration der Steuerungsflüssigkeit auch bei einem schon in Betrieb befindlichen Reaktor noch Ausgleichsmaßnahmen durchführen kann, wie sie bei einem mit Festkörpern gesteuerten Reaktor nicht in der gleichen Weise möglich sind.The proposed system of reactor control has the advantage that none mechanical movements of fixed parts must be carried out within the reactor. In addition, the tubes for receiving the control fluid can under certain circumstances can even be operated at atmospheric pressure. The procedure also has the other Advantage that one can also change the concentration of the control fluid Carry out compensatory measures for a reactor that is already in operation can, as it is not in the case of a solid-state controlled reactor, in the same way Way are possible.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DED24914A DE1042145B (en) | 1957-02-13 | 1957-02-13 | Process for controlling nuclear reactors |
| DED28770A DE1058645B (en) | 1957-02-13 | 1958-02-28 | Process for controlling nuclear reactors |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DED24914A DE1042145B (en) | 1957-02-13 | 1957-02-13 | Process for controlling nuclear reactors |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE1042145B true DE1042145B (en) | 1958-10-30 |
Family
ID=7038346
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DED24914A Pending DE1042145B (en) | 1957-02-13 | 1957-02-13 | Process for controlling nuclear reactors |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE1042145B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1099101B (en) * | 1959-03-21 | 1961-02-09 | Siemens Ag | Control and shutdown element for nuclear reactors |
| DE1125562B (en) | 1958-04-03 | 1962-03-15 | Rhein Westfael Elect Werk Ag | Device for regulating nuclear reactors |
| DE1156905B (en) * | 1959-08-25 | 1963-11-07 | Babcock & Wilcox Dampfkessel | Safety device for nuclear reactors |
| DE1206101B (en) | 1960-10-12 | 1965-12-02 | Interatom | Device for controlling nuclear reactors by means of neutron absorbing fluids |
| DE1241005B (en) * | 1962-02-13 | 1967-05-24 | Anglo Belge Vulcain Sa Soc | Appendix for regulating the reactivity of a nuclear reactor |
| DE1276230B (en) * | 1960-12-19 | 1968-08-29 | Kernkraftwerksbau Veb | Device for controlling nuclear reactors |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2735811A (en) * | 1956-02-21 | Reactor control |
-
1957
- 1957-02-13 DE DED24914A patent/DE1042145B/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2735811A (en) * | 1956-02-21 | Reactor control |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1125562B (en) | 1958-04-03 | 1962-03-15 | Rhein Westfael Elect Werk Ag | Device for regulating nuclear reactors |
| DE1099101B (en) * | 1959-03-21 | 1961-02-09 | Siemens Ag | Control and shutdown element for nuclear reactors |
| DE1156905B (en) * | 1959-08-25 | 1963-11-07 | Babcock & Wilcox Dampfkessel | Safety device for nuclear reactors |
| DE1206101B (en) | 1960-10-12 | 1965-12-02 | Interatom | Device for controlling nuclear reactors by means of neutron absorbing fluids |
| DE1276230B (en) * | 1960-12-19 | 1968-08-29 | Kernkraftwerksbau Veb | Device for controlling nuclear reactors |
| DE1241005B (en) * | 1962-02-13 | 1967-05-24 | Anglo Belge Vulcain Sa Soc | Appendix for regulating the reactivity of a nuclear reactor |
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