DD206942A1 - ELECTRIC FILTER - Google Patents

Abstract

It is an electrostatic precipitator with a chamber or a housing, through which or through which the air to be purified or other gas is guided with the aid of a Gehaeuses, and with an ionization device for the gas to be purified, which consists of one or composed of a plurality of ionizing electrodes and counter electrodes. The positive and negative electrodes, of which the plate-shaped collecting electrodes are at least partially made of glass or a corresponding material and on which the dirt particles are deposited, have taken charge from the ionizing means forming an electrostatic field. The collector electrode is a water film which continuously flows over a plate of glass or other appropriate material which reacts with water in the same manner as glass. Thus, the dry and solid particles, such as quartz or pulverized coal contained in the gas to be cleaned, are spilled along with the water film without jumping back from the electrodes upon exchange of their original charge against the collecting electrodes. In the region of the upper edge of the massive plates of the collecting electrodes Wasserzufuehrungsteile, such as pipes for guiding a water flow to the plate are provided. These have small holes or slots for a stream of water.

Description

Berlin, December 8, 1981

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electrostatic precipitator

Field of application of the invention

The subject of the present invention is a so-called electrostatic precipitator whose purpose is to separate small solid particles from the air or another gas by means of an electrostatic process.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

In known electrostatic precipitators, the particles adhering to the collection plate cause them to fall to the bottom of the filter, either by shaking the collection plate at certain time intervals or by rinsing with water. They are then removed from the bottom of the piler »However, there are several disadvantages associated with this method of working. Thus, some particles may adhere to the dry electrode so that shaking at intervals or rinsing is insufficient to clean the electrode. This will then require interruption of the filtering operation and special cleaning procedures. Other particles, such as quartz and carbon dust, may bounce off the dry electrode as they change their original electrical charge into that of the collection electrode. Continuous rinsing of the collecting electrode will not be practicable because complete coverage of the electrode with moderate water consumption is not possible. Ss will then accumulate a particle layer on the dry parts causing a short circuit.

Z iel the invention

The object of the present invention is to present an electrostatic precipitator which satisfies the above-mentioned

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ten disadvantages no longer has, explaining the nature of the invention

The object of the invention is an electrostatic precipitator in which the continuous rinsing of the collecting plate of the filter is carried out completely with a comparatively low water consumption. At this time, all kinds of the particles of the particulate matter are carried away on the entire electrode surface by the flowing water film and are removed therefrom from the electric layer.

The object is achieved in that the Schmutzteilchensammelplatten, which are located within the electrostatic Peld'es, made of glass or a corresponding material which is wetted by water. Thus, the rinse water is caused to spread with great effectiveness over the platen of the collection plate and to cover it completely but in a thin layer. The filter film thus acts as an electrode because the glass does not conduct the electricity. Because the rinsing is carried out continuously, the dust particles do not come into contact with the collecting plate, but are detected by the water film and immediately washed away from the electric pen. The panels therefore remain completely clean and no separate cleaning is required. At the same time there is no risk of fire, which can occur in environments where the generated dust is combustible. This applies, for example, to the woodworking industry, sawmills, etc.

Above the edge of the solid plates of the collecting electrodes, water supply parts, for example tubes, are provided for guiding the flow of water to the plate. In the tubes, small holes are arranged at equal intervals on the side surfaces of the upper edges of the plates

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are directed. It may also be advantageous to provide narrow downwardly directed slots along the entire tube in the tube, these slots being directed at the side surfaces of the upper edges of the plates.

The said water pipes and the counter electrodes of the ionization devices are each connected to the same pole of the voltage source. The water is caused to flow continuously over the counter electrodes of the ionizer to keep these electrodes clean,

Ausführungsbelsniel

The invention will be described in more detail with reference to an embodiment. In the accompanying drawings show:

Pig. 1: schematically the electrostatic filter according to the invention in side view, partly in section;

Pig. FIG. 2: schematically a horizontal section of the electrostatic filter along the line A - A in Pig. FIG. 1 and a circuit diagram of the electrical connections,

Pig. 3 shows schematically a vertical section of the electrofliter along the line B-B in FIG. 1,

Fig. 4: · the ionization electrodes of the electrostatic filter, enlarged.

The one in the Pig. 1 to 4 contains a support housing 1. The inlet opening 2 for the air to be cleaned is located at the one end of the housing and the outlet opening 3 for the purified air at the opposite end. At the outlet opening 3, an electrically driven fan 4 is provided, which passes through the air

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the inlet 2 and sucks through the PiIter. The fan can also be arranged in the region of the inlet opening and blow the air through the filter. The housing also has an openable lid 5> through which the electrical device and other parts inside the housing can be maintained. In the lower part of the housing is still a tub 6, in which the filter rinse water drains.

According to the present invention, in the vicinity of the Lufteint ritt soff tion 2 of the housing in the electrostatic precipitator first an ionization device is provided which ionizes the air in a known manner. In this facility is a

provided on siph known group / positive ionization electrodes, which is mounted in this embodiment on a rectangular support frame 7, for example on support bodies 8 in the upper and lower frame members, the electrodes 9 are made of a thick metal wire, z, B. tungsten, The another electrode group of the ionization device is formed by the group 10 of negative counter electrodes which are fixed to another frame 11 between the upper and lower elements in a vertical row at equal intervals. These electrodes TO have a thicker material cross-section and consist for example of stainless steel wire in the form of a helical spring (FIGS. 2 and 4). For example, the two electrode groups are arranged in the same row in parallel and at equal intervals, with thinner electrodes alternating with thicker ones (Pig. 2 and 4). Of course, the electrodes can also be arranged in groups in successive rows in the longitudinal direction of the filter. In accordance with the invention, the construction of the electrodes is further specialized such that the said electrodes 10 are continuously rinsed with a stream of water so that charged dust particles which may possibly strike the electrodes will not touch them

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The electrodes remain clean and the ionizing device works without fault. To rinse off the electrodes, a water channel 12 or a pipe with holes (in the plunger) is not located in the upper part of the electrode support frame 11 below), the electrodes are loosely attached so that the water can pass down through the holes onto the electrodes, and instead of the electrodes in the form of a helical spring, a metal hoop, a metal chain or a wire rope of appropriate thickness can be used.

The air flow passes from the above-mentioned ionization device into the electrostatic precipitator of the filter, which is represented by a group of parallel plate electrodes 13 and

14 is formed, which is arranged perpendicular to the direction of the air flow. Each of these alternately arranged plates 13 is connected to the positive pole of the voltage source and any other plate 14 rn.it the negative pole. Solid particles that have received a positive charge by the ionization device travel to the negative collection electrode 14.

According to the invention, said negative surface plates 14 are made of glass or a corresponding material. In addition, according to the invention, a continuous unwinding of the plates is provided. The water comes from parts, such as tubes 15, which are located near the top of the plates and run in the same direction as the rim. In this version are in the pipes

15 at equal intervals provided small nozzle holes, so that the water jets are directed from the tubes 15 in the form of numerous fine sprays obliquely down to the upper edge of the side surfaces of said glass plates. The water distribution on the glass plate can at a

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Another embodiment also, by, narrow, down, down slots in the longitudinal direction of the tube 15 done. The water then spreads as a thin even film over the surface of the glass plate, leaving no dry, un-rinsed spots that would affect the cleaning ability of the piIter.

On the other hand, the positive electrodes 13 may be made of stainless steel, for example, since they do not need to be rinsed off because the dust particles are deposited on the collecting electrodes 14 only.

In practice, the housing of the plant is grounded, and the negative pole of the voltage source is connected to the earth line, to which the negative electrodes 10 of the ionization device and the tubes 15 are connected, which are therefore made of metal or have conductive parts through which the electricity is conducted to the rinse water. The positive terminal of the voltage source is connected to the positive ionizing electrodes 1 of the ionizing means, and similarly the plates constituting the electrostatic field are connected to the positive plate electrodes.

If the conductivity of the water is insufficient, which is sometimes possible, the conductivity of the water can be improved by adding a suitable salt. The rinse water, together with the accumulated impurities, can be fed directly to a drain. It can also be provided a closed water cycle in which the dust is separated by a suitable filter of the water.

The individual construction parts of the system, such as the ionization device, the electrode groups and the electrodes

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for the electrostatic field, etc., can be easily removable and interchangeably arranged to facilitate the maintenance of the plant.

The design of the system may vary within the individual points of the invention claim.

Claims (5)

231805 5 invention claim 8. 12. 1981 • 59 504/17 - 8 - 1 # Electrostatic precipitator with a chamber or housing, through which the air or other gas to be purified is passed by means of a blower, with an ionizing device for the gas to be purified, consisting of one or more ionizing electrodes and of counterelectrodes and an electrostatic precipitate formed by positive and negative electrodes, of which the plate-shaped collecting electrodes are at least partly made of glass or a corresponding material and on which the dirt particles are separated from the air or other gas to be purified ionizing device having a charge, characterized in that a water film acts as a collecting electrode (H) flowing continuously over a plate of glass or other material which reacts with the water in the same way as glass, the dry and solid particles, like quartz and coal dust, which in d em to be cleaned gas are transported together with the water film without a spring back from the electrodes when replacing their original charge against that of the collecting electrodes, 2. electrostatic filter according to item 1, characterized in that in the region of the upper edge of the massive plates of the collecting electrodes (14) water supply parts, such as pipes (15) »are provided to guide the flow of water to the plate» 3. The electrostatic filter according to item 2, characterized in that in the tubes (15) at equal intervals small holes are arranged, which are directed to the side surfaces of the upper edges of the plates. 8, 12. Ί981 59 504/17 231 805 5 -9- 4. electrostatic filter according to item 2, characterized in that along the entire tube (15) narrow, downwardly directed slots are provided, whose openings are directed to the side surfaces of the upper edges of the plates. 5. The electrostatic filter according to items 1 to 2, characterized in that the water pipes (15) and the counter electrodes (10) of the ionization device are connected to the same pole of the voltage source. S. Electrostatic precipitator according to items 1 to 2 and 5 »characterized in that the water is caused to flow continuously over the counter electrodes (10) of the ionization device in order to keep them clean. Hierau 2 pages drawings