CZ2018110A3 - Arms locking mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

A firearm locking mechanism with a stationary main (3) firmly seated in a gun frame (1) with a return spring (4) coupled to the return spring (10) in the forward direction (4) in the direction of front end position. Between the movable bolt (4) and the stationary frame (1) of the gun, a pair of levers (5, 7) is provided beneath the main (3) formed by the rear lever (5) rotatably about the rear axis (6) mounted on the frame (1) and the front lever ( 7) rotatably about the front axle (8) at the end (4). The rear lever (5) and the front lever (7) are pivotally connected to one another by a common axis (9). The straight line spaced by the rear pivot axis (6) of the rear lever (5) and the forward pivot axis (8) of the front lever (7) is different to the channel axis of the barrel (3). In a preferred embodiment, the distance of the rear lever axis (6) from the barrel (3) is greater than the distance of the forward lever axis (8) from the barrel (3).

Description

Technical field

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bolt locking mechanism with a stationary barrel fixedly mounted in a frame on which a bolt coupled with a return spring acting on the bolt towards its forward position is disposed with the possibility of reciprocating motion. a main pair of levers comprising a rear lever rotatable about a rear axle mounted on the frame and a front lever rotatable about a front axle mounted on the breech, the rear lever and the front lever being rotatably connected to each other by a common axis.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

GB 127642 A discloses an automatic rifle, the automatics of which are based on the use of the energy of the dust gases discharged from the barrel canal.

Underneath the barrel is a piston which, after being fired by the dust gases, moves forward and actuates a mechanism consisting of a complex system of levers, telescopic connecting rods, a sliding element and a series of springs. After the pressure in the barrel has dropped, the piston-drawn springs actuate the rifle reload mechanism which first opens and then closes by the force of the springs.

The bolt mechanism consists of two parts, the bolt body and bolt bolt. The barrel during the shot is locked by a screw that rotates around its axis, and its latches fit behind the projections of the barrel, in which is mounted rifle barrel.

The device is complex and useless for modern weapons.

The utility model CZ 30347 U “Mechanism for locking the weapon's end” is also known by the originator and owner Viktor Samraj.

In the description and claims, the operation of the bolt locking mechanism during firing is described, for example, by a self-loading pistol having a barrel firmly mounted in a frame. Locking the weapon during firing until the bullet flies out of the barrel and the pressure of dust gases in the barrel is carried out by two pivotally connected levers, which are located under the barrel in front of the gun between the fixed frame and movable slide with rotation on their axes and common axis of their pivotal connection. The rear lever is rotatably mounted on the frame by the rear axle and the front lever is rotatably mounted on the breech by the front axle, the line intersected by the rear axis and the front axis is parallel to the barrel channel, respectively. with the direction of movement of the breech and the common axis of the pair of levers lies below the line intersected by the extreme axes of rotation of the pair of levers.

The line of all three axes of the bearing arrangement forms a polyline with an internal angle of less than 180 ° and an external angle of more than 180 °. The internal angle is the angle between the levers and the principal.

Positive feature of the mechanism of locking the conclusion of the pistol is high shooting accuracy, because the barrel is firmly stored in the gun frame, simplicity of equipment and the possibility of using high power cartridges without increasing the weight of the slide. The design possibilities of this weapon solution are limited by the fact that the line intersected by the rear axle of the rear lever and the front axle of the front lever is parallel to the axis of the barrel channel and the common axis of the pair of levers lies below the line interspersed with the extreme axes of rotation. with adjusting the size of the internal angle between the levers depending on the charge power.

- 1 GB 2018 -110 A3

It is an object of the invention to extend the possibilities of using said bolt locking mechanism in the construction of various models and types of weapons.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object of the invention is achieved by a mechanism of locking the breech of the weapon according to the invention, characterized in that the line intersected by the rear axis of rotation of the rear lever and the front axis of rotation of the front lever is parallel to the axis of the barrel channel.

In a first alternative embodiment, the distance of the axis of rotation of the rear lever from the barrel is greater than the distance of the axis of rotation of the front lever from the barrel. This means that the line intersected by the extreme axes of rotation of the rear lever and the front lever intersects with the axis of the barrel outside the gun, in the direction of the shot behind the muzzle of the barrel. In a second alternative embodiment, the distance of the rear lever rotation axis from the barrel may be less than the distance of the front lever rotation axis from the barrel, which means that the line intersected by the extreme axes of rotation of the rear lever and front lever intersects with the mouth of the barrel.

During the shot, the recoil energy seeks to reduce the internal angle between the front lever and the rear lever and to move down their common axis, while the recoil force in the initial phase of the shot is resisted by the inertial inertial force of the slide, the resilient force of the return spring, and the force of friction in connection and bearing of levers. Only after overcoming these forces will the conclusion begin to move backwards. This ensures the possibility of firing ammunition with high performance while maintaining a small weight of the breech and the entire weapon.

In a first alternative embodiment, the locking mechanism of the weapon is formed such that the common axis of the pair of levers lies on a line interspersed with the extreme axes of rotation of the pair of levers. In this embodiment, in the design of the weapon, the locking force can be adjusted to use high power cartridges by the magnitude of the distance between the rear axle of rotation of the rear lever and the main and third axes, respectively. axis of the barrel.

In both the first and second alternative embodiments, the locking mechanism of the weapon is formed such that the common axis of the pair of levers lies below a line intersected by the extreme axes of rotation of the pair of levers, respectively. in the direction from the barrel. In this embodiment, the inner angle against the barrel between the rear lever and the front lever is less than 180 °, and the locking force for using high power cartridges can be adjusted both in the amount of distance between the rear axis of rotation of the rear lever and the bar and the internal angle between the levers in the rest position before the shot.

To facilitate the handling of the weapon before the first shot, grip handles are provided on both sides of the common rear lever and front lever axles for gripping the shooter's fingers while stretching the breech.

In one particular embodiment, the bolt return spring is disposed between the rear lever and the front lever and is formed by two arms of which the rear arm is supported from above by the rear lever and the front arm is supported from above by the front lever.

In this case, it is advantageous if the return spring is mounted on a common axis of the rear lever and the front lever.

In another alternative embodiment, the return spring is mounted between the rear lever and the front of the gun frame.

In another embodiment, the return spring is mounted on the barrel, which serves as a guide and is supported by one end against the frame and the other end against the front end of the breech.

Alternatively, the return spring is mounted below the barrel on a separate guide parallel to the barrel and is supported by one end against the frame and the other end against the front of the breech.

-2GB 2018 -110 A3

Clarification of drawings

The principle of the invention is schematically depicted on an exemplary embodiment of a self-loading pistol wherein a straight line interspersed with the extreme axes of rotation of the rear lever and the front lever is parallel to the axis of the barrel channel, respectively. with the direction of the breech movement, and the distance of the rear lever axis of rotation from the barrel is greater than the distance of the axis of rotation of the front lever, where Figure 1 shows an overall view of the pistol in initial condition prior to firing. Fig. 2 is an overall view of the pistol according to Fig. 1 after firing and the slide has been moved to the rearmost position; Fig. 3 is an overall view of the pistol in the initial state prior to firing when the common axis of the pair of levers lies below the straight line rotation of the rear lever and front lever; and FIG. 4 is an overall view of the pistol of FIG. 3 after firing and displacement of the breech.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The bolt locking mechanism of the present invention will be described by way of example of a pistol, but may also be used on other firearms, such as submachine guns, automatic machines, automatic rifles, semi-automatic hunting weapons, and machine guns. Only the parts directly related to the invention and illustrated in the drawing will be described.

The pistol in the exemplary embodiment comprises a frame 1 provided with a handle 2 for holding the pistol with the hands of the shooter. The barrel 3 is fixed in the frame 1, in which the known barrel channel (not shown) is formed. A known guide (not shown) is provided on the frame 1, on which a slide 4, capable of moving between its forward position and the rear position, is reciprocably mounted.

A rear axle 6 is arranged in the front part of the frame 1. below the main 3, on which the rear lever 5 is rotatable with respect to the frame 1 at its rear end. frame 1 and fixed mounting of the rear lever 5 on the rear axis 6, or fixed mounting of the rear axis 6 on the frame 1 and rotatably mounting the rear lever 5 on the rear axis 6, or rotatably mounting the rear axis 6 on the frame 1 and rotatably mounting the rear lever 5 on the rear The rear axle 6 may be part of the frame 1 or the rear lever 5.

In the front part of the breech 4 below the main 3 there is a front axle 8, on which the front lever 7 is mounted with its front end with the possibility of rotation relative to the breech 4. 4 and fixed mounting of the front lever 7 on the front axis 8, or fixed mounting of the front axle 8 on the breech 4 and rotatably mounting the front lever 7 on the front axle 8, or 8. In an embodiment (not shown), the front axle 8 may be part of the breech 4 or the front lever 7.

The distance of the pivot axis 6 of the rear lever 5 from the barrel 3 in the illustrated embodiment is greater than the distance of the pivot axis 8 of the front lever 7 from the barrel 3. That is, the line intersected by the pivot axis 6, 8 of the rear lever 5 and the front lever 7 is parallel to the axis of the barrel channel 3, respectively. with direction of slide 4.

The free end of the front lever 7 is pivotally connected to the free end of the rear lever 5 by means of a common axis 9, which is movable in the space below the barrel 3 and the breech 4. On both sides, grip handles are formed at the ends 4. On the rear axle 6 of the rear lever 5, in the illustrated embodiment, a bolt return spring 10 with two arms is mounted, from which the front arm is supported from below on the rear lever 5 and the rear arm is supported against the frame 1 of the weapon. The arms of the return spring 10 apply a force in the direction between the frame 1 and the rear lever 5

Opening the levers 7, 5 apart, that is, in the direction of increasing the internal angle between the front lever 7 and the rear lever 5. The force of the return spring 10 keeps the slide 4 in the forward position and acts on the common axis 9 towards the barrel 3.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, the common axis 9 is located on a line connecting the pivot axis 6 of the rear lever 5 and the pivot axis 8 of the front lever 7. This line has previously been described as being parallel to the axis of the barrel 3 and 3 respectively. with direction of slide 4.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 3 and 4, the common axis 9 with respect to the barrel 3 and bolt 4 is arranged below an imaginary junction of the front axle 8 and the rear axle 6. The bar facing the bar 3 between the rear lever 5 and the front lever 7 will hereinafter be referred to as between these levers 5 and 7.

In an alternative, not shown embodiment, the return spring 10 may be disposed between the rear lever and the front lever 7, the spring arms abutting the levers in the lever opening direction, i.e. in the direction of increasing the internal angle between the front lever 7 and the rear lever 5.

In another alternative not shown embodiment, the return spring 10 is arranged on the barrel 3, which serves as a guide, the return spring with one end resting on the frame 1 and the other end on the front part of the breech 4.

In another alternative (not shown) embodiment, the return spring is mounted below the barrel 3 on a separate guide parallel to the barrel 3 and bears one end against the frame 1 and the other end against the front of the breech 4.

Depending on the design of the weapon, other suitable locations for receiving the return spring 10 are also possible, the force of which always acts at the breech 4 in the direction of its extreme forward position.

In an alternative embodiment (not shown), the straight line intersected by the rear axis 6 of the rear lever 5 and the front axis 8 of the front lever 7 is parallel to the axis of the barrel channel 3, but the design is opposite to FIGS. from the barrel 3 is greater than the distance of the rear axis 6 of the rotation of the rear lever 5. The common axis 9 of the pair of levers 5, 7 lies below the straight line intersected by the extreme axes of rotation of the pair of levers 5, 7.

To charge the pistol, holding the pistol by the handle 2 with one hand, with two fingers of the other hand, grasp the grip handles mounted on the common axis 9, which in the embodiment shown are knurled knobs, and pull them gently down and back to the stop and then let go. In this case, the rear lever 5 rotates counterclockwise on the rear axis 6 and by means of the common axis 9 pulls down and back the front lever 7, which rotates on the front axis 8 connected to the front lower part of the breech 4 and pulls the breech 4 back. The breech 4 reaches its rear end position. The return spring 10 is compressed. Upon release of the grip handles, the return spring 10 begins to forcefully open the levers 5 and 7 apart. The rear lever 5 rotates about a rear axis disposed in the front of the stationary frame 1, with the common axis 9 returning to its initial position and moving towards the barrel 3. As a result, the front lever 7 returns to its initial position and pushes the slide 4 forwards by pressing over the front axis 8 on its front lower part. During the forward movement, the bolt 4 in a known manner pulls out the upper cartridge from the magazine and feeds it into the cartridge chamber by the barrel 3 of the gun for firing. When the bolt 4 reaches its front end position, it closes the barrel channel 3 by means of the cartridge cartridge. 1 and 2 form a straight line and, in the embodiment of FIGS. 3 and 4, form a broken line with an internal angle of less than 180 °. This will deny the slide 4 before the shot.

In this position, the pistol is loaded and ready to fire.

During the shot, the bullet under the pressure of the dust gases moves through the channel barrel 3. At the same time, the dust gases across the ends of the cartridge pushes at the conclusion 4, give him recoil energy and try to push it back. The breech 4, with its front lower part, imparts a dust gas pressure to the front

-4GB 2018 -110 A3 lever 7, across the common axis 9 to the rear lever 5 and through it and the rear axis 6 to the front wall of the stationary gun frame 1. The recoil energy transmitted attempts to reduce the internal angle between the front lever 7 and the rear lever 5, to approach the front axis 8 and the rear axis 6, to move down the common axis 9 and to compress the return spring 10. The recoil forces during the shot which do not allow the slide 4 to be moved back in the initial phase of the shot: the inertial inertia force of the slide 4, the spring force of the return spring 10 of the slide 4, the spring force of the material of levers 5 and 7 and their axes 6, 8 and 9; 9.

During the movement of the bullet through the barrel channel 3, the breech 4 receives sufficient dust gas energy to overcome the resistances of the aforementioned forces which keep the breech 4 in the forward extreme position. As a result, after the bullet has come out of the barrel channel 3, the slide 4 pushes the common axis 9 of the levers 5 and 7 down and begins to move backward, folding the levers 5 and 7 together by reducing the internal angle therebetween and compressing the return spring 10. pulls conclusion 4 from the chamber of the barrel 3 in a known manner fired (used) cartridge, which subsequently throws out the ejector (not shown). When the slide 4 reaches the rear position and encounters stops on the stationary frame 1, the slide 4 begins to move forward under the action of the return spring 10 and feeds the subsequent cartridge from the magazine into the cartridge chamber of the barrel 3 to perform the following shot. When it reaches the forward end position, the bolt 4 closes the barrel channel 3 with the hub cartridge. The lever assembly 5 and 7 extends from the rear axis 6 in the forward portion of the stationary frame 1 to the front axle 8 in the front lower portion of the bolt 4. 3 and 4 form a polyline with an internal angle of less than 180 °, thereby denying the slide 4 before the shot. The gun is ready for the next shot.

In this way, the invention, compared to the closest prior art, provides for the possibility of firing from a pistol with a stationary barrel fixedly mounted on a high power hub frame while maintaining a small bolt weight and the weight of the entire gun.

The same mechanism of locking the conclusion 4 during the shot can be used on pistol-machine guns, automatic machines, automatic rifles, semi-automatic hunting weapons and machine guns. The main principles of the locking mechanism must be respected:

- the rear lever 5 and the front lever 7 must be pivotally connected to each other;

- the lever assembly 5 and 7 must be located between the movable slide 4 and the stationary frame 1 of the weapon;

the line interspersed by the rear axis of rotation of the rear lever 5 and the front axis of rotation of the front lever 7 is parallel to the axis of the barrel channel 3 and the distance of the axis of rotation of the rear lever 5 from the barrel 3 is greater than with the common axis 9 of the rear lever 5 and the front lever 7 either located in or below the straight line of the rear axis 6 and the front axis 8, so that the levers 5 and 7 form a straight line or a polyline with an internal angle against the barrel 3 above 180 ° and a corresponding external angle exceeding 180 °;

or a line interspersed with the rear axis of rotation of the rear lever 5 and the front axis of rotation of the front lever 7 is parallel to the axis of the barrel channel 3, but the distance of the axis of rotation of the rear lever 5 from the barrel 3 is less than the distance then the common axis 9 of the rear lever 5 and the front lever 7 is located below the straight line of the rear axis 6 and the front axis 8, so that the levers 5 and 7 form a polyline with an internal angle to the barrel of less than 180 ° and a corresponding external angle of more than 180 °.

The exact values of the angles are determined depending on the power of the cartridge and the design of the particular weapon design.

-5GB 2018 -110 A3

Industrial applicability

The invention is intended for weapons with a stationary barrel mounted firmly in a high-performance bullet frame.

PATENT CLAIMS

Claims (10)

A weapon-locking mechanism with a stationary barrel (3) fixed in a weapon frame (1) on which a slide (4) coupled to a return spring (10) acting on the slide (4) is mounted with a reciprocating forward and backward movement a pair of levers (5, 7) formed by a rear lever (5) rotatable about a rear axis (6) mounted on the rear axle (6) is arranged between the movable slide (4) and the stationary weapon frame (1) below the main (3) a frame (1) and a front lever (7) rotatable about a front axis (8) mounted on the breech (4), the rear lever (5) and the front lever (7) being rotatably connected to each other by a common axis (9), 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the line intersected by the rear axis of rotation of the rear lever and the front axis of rotation of the front lever is parallel to the axis of the barrel channel. Mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance of the pivot (6) of the rear lever (5) from the barrel (3) is greater than the distance of the pivot (8) of the front lever (7) from the barrel (3). Mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the connection of the rear lever (5) rotation axis (6) on the weapon frame (1) and the front lever (7) rotation axis (8) at the breech (4) is a line on which lies the common axis (9) of the pair of levers (5, 7). Mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the common axis (9) of the pair of levers (5, 7) lies below the line intersected by the extreme axes (6, 8) of the rotation of the pair of levers (5, 7). Mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a return spring (10) is provided between the rear lever (5) and the front lever (7), consisting of two arms, the rear arm of which rests on the rear lever from above. (5) and the front arm is supported from above by the front lever (7). Mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that the return spring (10) is mounted on a common axis (9) of the rear lever (5) and the front lever (7). A mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a return spring (10) is disposed between the rear lever (5) and the front of the weapon frame (1). A mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the return spring (10) coupled to the pair of levers (5, 7) is arranged on the barrel (3) serving as a guide, the return spring being supported by one the end of the frame (1) and the other end of the front end (4). Mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the return spring coupled to the pair of levers (5, 7) is mounted below the main (3) on a separate guide parallel to the main (3) and bears one end against the frame. (1) and the other end of the front end (4). Mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that grip handles are provided on both sides of the common axis (9) of the rear lever (5) and the front lever (7) for gripping the shooter's fingers when stretching the breech (4).