CZ122496A3 - Treatment of waste active matter from industrially treated used broken accumulator plates originating from waste dumps to the active matter - Google Patents

Abstract

The method includes the step of subjecting an air-dry positive or negative active-mass or a mixture of these to heat-treatment at a temp. of 500 to 700 deg. C for 8 to 60 minutes, then either grinding the heat-treated active-mass in a known manner or feeding it into a lead-powder mill in an amt. of at most 80 percent by mass, calucated on the mass of the lead charged into the mill, and in both cases grinding to an average particle size of less than 60 micrometres. Alternatively, grinding can first be performed in a known manner, preferably to an average particle size of less than 60 micrometres, then the active mass is subjected to a heat-treatment at a temp. of 500 to 700 deg. C for 8 to 60 minutes. Positive or negative active-mass is then prepared from the thus-obtained material when positive or negative active-mass was used as starting material, or negative active-mass is prepared when a mixture of positive and negative active-masses was used as starting material.

Description

The present invention relates to a process for processing waste active material from waste treated spent accumulator plates from waste landfills into an active material, wherein the waste active matter taken from the positive and negative plates is acidified, washed with water, separately stored in a cob of air and stream. heat treatment.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION? The starting euterial for the production of the active mass is lead dust. The lead dust is prepared from lead, for example in Barton's cdyn, usually known in the art, producing lead oxide in a variety of crops depending on crushing conditions.

The dust thus obtained is subjected to a sulfuric acid treatment or a phosphoric acid treatment, depending on the desired preparation of the positive or negative active substance, with additives such as sulfuric acid, magnesium sulphate, carbon black being added to the product obtained. grid electrodes using some spraying machine. Other operations, such as pre-drying and aging, are carried out with the mass thus applied to the plates. Finally, the plates are placed in tanks where the corresponding polarities are connected to each other, then the tanks are filled with acid and sealed.

In the manufacture of accumulators ae also produces a certain amount of defective products, the accumulators are consumed during operation, become unusable and sooner or later, and disposed of in landfills.

There is therefore a need for a long time to return unusable accumulators, in particular their most recent poisonous lead plates and masses to production. According to the most widespread method, the batteries will be disassembled, prilled, etc. and subjected to motslurgical treatment, i.e. and then a melt is made from the melt.

There are several known methods for reusing a negative active thatched waste mass. According to U.S. Pat. No. 4,009,233, the separated active substance is returned to the mixing machines. This process is much more economical than a multi-step chemical process in which the active mass is separated into a

The components of the wet chemical process, however, can only be used for treating negative active waste.

Common disadvantages of the known processes are high energy consumption, low efficiency, danger to workers' health and environmental pollution.

Such wastes are produced during the injection of the active material, drying and molding of the plates. The treatment of staple waste is described in Hungarian Patent No. 201,179.

The aim of the Applicant's experiments and investigations was to find a simple way of returning to the production of waste positive and negative active materials removed from spent, industrially processed broken accumulator plates originating from landfills, i.e. not from production, to active matter, simply, without causing any deterioration in the quality of the accumulators representing the end products of the process.

The present invention is based on the realization that the above objective can be achieved when both the negative and positive active materials derived from spent, broken, unusable landfill accumulators are washed to de-acid, suitably crushed and subjected to a particular heat treatment. The quality of the accumulators produced with the active substance thus obtained is equal to the quality of the accumulators produced with the fresh active substance.

The present invention is based on a further finding. With a mixture of raw active positive and negative propellants can be processed into a negative active mass of good quality, this finding is surprising in that it confers some technical prejudice. Previously, it was believed by those skilled in the art that when a waste active material was used as a starting material, then a negative active material suitable as a starting material could only be prepared from a separately stored treated negative active substance, cf.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention therefore provides a method of processing waste active material from industrially spent spent accumulator plates originating from waste chutes into an active material, wherein the waste active matter taken from the positive and negative plates is purged, washed with water, separately stored in a dry atmosphere and subjected to scrubbing. thermal ε-u processing, whose essence

consists in crushing the dry positive or negative active substance or mixture thereof into particles of medium size less than 60 µm and then subjecting it to heat treatment at a temperature of from 500 to 700 ° C for a period of from 8 to 60 minutes and then from the material so obtained, a positive or negative active mass is prepared when a positive or negative active mass is used as the starting material or a negative active mass is prepared when a mixture of positive and negative active mass is used as the starting material.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat treatment is carried out at a temperature of 650 to 680 ° C.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat treatment is carried out at a temperature of from 660 to 67 ° C.

The main advantages of the process of the present invention are as follows:

A complete return to the production of waste accumulators from landfills is possible. After mechanical disassembly, de-acidification and washing of the unusable accumulators, the entire amount of active mass of the plates can be returned to the accumulator production. Since the plates and their active materials are the most expensive components of the accumulators, the process according to the invention is very economical.

The waste plate material is reused in accumulator manufacturing and not in other industries. Thus, the amount of fresh lead required for the production of accumulators is reduced, thereby further increasing the cost-effectiveness of production.

Contamination caused by the storage of lead or lead compounds, which is particularly unfavorable to the environment, is substantially reduced or eliminated completely.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention will now be explained in detail by way of examples, but not by way of limitation.

EXAMPLE 1 The waste negative active material was crushed in a Barton mill, then subjected to a heat treatment at 675 to 680 ° C for 40 minutes. The heat treated mass oe is introduced into the dust mill in a proportion of 75% by weight, calculated on the lead fed to the mill. Subsequently, the material is mixed with up to 13% by weight of an aqueous ion exchanger, followed by 10% by weight of sulfuric acid of 1.3 kg.da " * *, and then 2% by weight of phosphoric acid is added with stirring. Stirring is continued for 3 minutes, then the substance is removed from the mixer and, after cooling, the positive active substance thus obtained is sprayed onto the olefin grid in a manner known per se. The usual operations are carried out after spraying.

Example 2.

The procedure of Example 1 is followed except that 4 parts by weight of the negative active density and 1 part by weight of the positive active mass are used as starting material. In this way ae obtains a negative active mass.

Table 1 summarizes the mean values of the test results obtained using accumulators prepared from the waste active material according to the invention and also in a conventional manner.

The capacity tests were performed p-according to I2C 95-1 (1S8 &), the overload resistance test and the cold start test were performed according to the Hungarian standard number 591-1977 and according to IEC 55-1 (1588).

Table 1

Article number Amount of active mass g / Afa 7.7 9 7.6 Kapacito Ah 97.9 Γί ”· J-i ^; ' Overload resistance min *) «4 f 7 jo * * * 7 54 Start cold min r * f 1 41 1 40

*) after 4 cycles

The article was 2 with the blankets produced according to Examples 1 and 2

Article No 3 * e plates made in the usual way

Table 1 clearly shows that there is no significant difference between the characteristic values of the accumulators prepared using the active mass produced by the process of the present invention and the active mass produced by the conventional process. is equal to the utility rating of the active fresh mass.

Claims (3)

1. A process for processing waste active matter from industrially spent spent battery packs from landfills into an active matter, wherein the waste active matter taken from the positive and negative plates is acidified, washed with water, separately stored in a dry atmosphere and then subjected to a heat treatment, characterized in that the dry positive or negative active substance or mixture thereof is crushed to particles with a mean particle size of less than 60 µm and then subjected to a heat treatment at a temperature of from 500 to 700 ° C for a period of 8 to 60 minutes; then, from the material so obtained, a positive or negative active mass is prepared when a positive or negative active mass has been used as the starting material or is a negative active mass prepared? a mixture of positive and negative active mass was used as a starting material » Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat treatment is carried out at a temperature of 650 to 680 ° C. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat treatment is carried out at a temperature of 660 to 675 ° C.