CN2919362Y - Embedded type mouse keyboard - Google Patents

Abstract

Embedded mouse keyboard, which belongs to the information input device, includes a keyboard panel, a matrix circuit board and a keyboard controller connected with the electrical signal of the keyboard panel; the keyboard panel includes a 46-key keyboard and a 5-key mouse; in the matrix circuit board, 51 keys are arranged It is formed into 5 rows and 11 columns, the fixed ends of each key in each row are connected, and the 5 row electrical signals are connected to the keyboard controller, which reflects the row state signal of whether the key is pressed; each column is connected to the moving end of each row of each key involved in the column connection, 11 column electrical signals are connected to the input column scan signal of the keyboard controller; the keyboard controller includes a debounce circuit, a scan circuit, a key code and an interrupt circuit. The utility model integrates a mouse on the keyboard, and there is basically no limit when customizing the graphical user interface, and the full picture of the graphical user interface is preserved in the largest range, so that rich graphical functions can be preserved; it comprehensively and stably solves the defects and problems of the prior art Insufficient, used for wireless logistics intelligent terminal.

Description

Embedded mouse and keyboard

technical field

The utility model belongs to an information input device, which is used for embedded information collection and processing terminal equipment.

Background technique

Keyboards and mice are common input devices for microcomputers. With its convenient and fast positioning function and rich graphics functions, the mouse provides a practical man-machine dialogue tool for users, and thus is used more and more widely. However, on existing handheld devices, there is basically no support for the mouse due to the miniaturization requirements of the device. In order to cooperate with the operation of the keyboard, the graphical user interface is all menu-based. This not only loses the rich graphical user interface functionality, but also makes the selection and positioning operation blunt and mechanical.

On a common computer, a keyboard and a mouse are externally connected to the chassis as two independent input devices, and are used to input text data or control the hardware device and software of the device. Even though notebook computers and some new products integrate the mouse function by adding a direction joystick on the keyboard, in the interchange use of the two devices, it is still necessary to use the joystick to determine the position first and then use the keyboard keys to confirm. Move and reposition.

Due to the size limitation of the embedded terminal equipment, some equipment omit the keyboard and use other methods such as touch screen for input, and realize the input function through complete software, which is inefficient and not suitable for the application requirements of the industrial environment; some equipment retains the Keyboard input is mostly multiplexed by using multifunctional number keys (one key can be used for inputting multiple items), so that the number of keys required by the overall keyboard is reduced, and the purpose of reducing the size of the keyboard is achieved. At the same time, the multi-arrow keys are used to cancel the mouse function, but the multi-arrow keys can only move the screen cursor up, down, left, and right. The function is relatively single, and the input is more troublesome. The input method is not unsatisfactory. For example, the size of the existing mobile phone keyboard is small, and 26 letters should be arranged on the 9 number keys, which is unreasonable from an ergonomic point of view.

In addition, in the software processing methods of mouse movement on the screen, most of them use the method of moving the mouse at a constant speed. The time is long, which affects the performance of the device and also limits the number of valid menu items in the GUI.

The patent application with publication number CN1466033 proposes a general-purpose mouse and keyboard. The mouse and keyboard are in an integrated layout. When stretching out naturally, at the hand-shaped cavity formed by the proximal knuckles, middle knuckles and the center of the palm of the hand, the cursor displacement sensing element and the mouse button of the mouse are placed at the far knuckles (finger ends) of the fingers; A single press and release operation of a keyboard key generates the character or function of the corresponding key operation, but cancels the repeated key processing that generates the key after a certain period of time is pressed; any keyboard key is pressed and held alone, and then pressed Other one-key operations can generate new characters or functions corresponding to key operations, and can enable the function of repeated key processing when the ordered combination keys are pressed for a certain period of time.

The patent application with the publication number CN1501318 proposes a combined mouse and keyboard device, which includes an arrow key and a mouse with a two-axis inclination sensor and a vector classification unit, wherein the arrow keys are 10 in total, and are arranged on two keyboards on average. On the body, a mouse is fixed on one of the keyboard bodies, and the two keyboard bodies and the mouse are interactively connected with the computer. This patent application reduces the number of keys on the keyboard to a minimum, and each arrow key has nine functions in three rows and three rows. According to the direction of action of the finger on the arrow keys, a function can be selected for typing, and thereby can be used. The mouse and keyboard interactive operation is achieved without changing the position of the hand, which reduces the space of the overall device of the mouse and keyboard.

Contents of the invention

The utility model proposes an embedded mouse and keyboard. Aiming at the defects and deficiencies in the prior art, buttons are used to replace the mouse, and the mouse is integrated on the keyboard to facilitate the operation of the graphical user interface.

An embedded mouse keyboard of the present utility model comprises a keyboard panel, a matrix circuit board connected with the electrical signal of the keyboard panel and a keyboard controller; it is characterized in that:

(1) said keyboard panel comprises a keyboard of 46 keys and a mouse of 5 keys, with a total of 51 keys;

(2) In the matrix circuit board, 51 keys are arranged into 5 rows and 11 columns, 11 keys are set in the first row, 10 keys are respectively set in the 2nd to 5th rows, and the fixed terminals [1] of each key in each row are connected, 5 row electrical signals are connected to the keyboard controller to reflect the row status signal of whether the key is pressed; each column is connected to the moving end [2] of each key in each row involved in the column, and 11 row electrical signals are connected to the keyboard controller. input column scan signal;

(3) The keyboard controller includes a debounce circuit, a scanning circuit, a key coding and an interrupt circuit; 5 row electrical signals of the matrix circuit board are connected to the debounce circuit, and the debounce circuit signal is output to the key code and an interrupt circuit ; The scanning circuit simultaneously outputs sequential low-level pulses to 11 columns of the matrix circuit board and the key code and generates an interrupt circuit; the key code and generates an interrupt circuit outputs the key code and generates an interrupt signal.

Described embedded mouse keyboard is characterized in that: 46 key keyboards comprise 10 key numeral keys, 26 letter keys, 4 key direction keys and 6 key function keys; 5 key mouses comprise 4 key direction keys and 1 key simulation left mouse button.

The embedded mouse and keyboard is characterized in that: the keyboard controller is realized by CPLD device, and the matrix circuit board is electrically connected with the keyboard controller through a connector.

Ordinary mouse can move freely in 360-degree directions within the plane of the screen, while our added mouse only provides buttons in four directions. In order to improve the flexibility of the mouse, four more directions are implemented in the software. When two adjacent buttons indicating directions are pressed at the same time, the mouse will move in the direction determined by the two adjacent directions. . For example, when the Left and Up keys are pressed at the same time, the mouse moves toward the upper left. Therefore, the added mouse can move arbitrarily in 8 directions within the screen plane range.

Since the mouse button is realized by adding on the original 46-key keyboard, the mouse device and the keyboard device share a hardware interface. Then, in terms of software implementation, the keyboard device and the mouse device will share an interrupt interface. When the driver receives an interrupt, the called interrupt processing function needs to further distinguish whether the interrupt is a keyboard interrupt or a mouse interrupt, and then call different interrupt processing functions according to different interrupts.

When it is judged that the interruption is caused by the mouse, the mouse interruption processing function will be called. In the interrupt processing function of the mouse device, we will convert the obtained mouse button key value into standard mouse movement information, and put the converted standard mouse movement information into the queue mouse_queue for storing mouse information for upper layer function calls.

When the interrupt is caused by the analog left button, it will not cause the change of the displacement. Assign 0x01 to the button variable, which means the left mouse button is pressed.

When the up key is the cause of the interruption, the vertical displacement increases. The increased granularity is 3.

When the down key is the cause of the interruption, the vertical displacement is reduced. The reduced granularity is also 3.

The working principle of the left and right keys is the same as that of the up and down keys, except that the displacement in the horizontal direction is changed. The granularity of the change is also 3.

When two adjacent direction keys are pressed at the same time, the vertical and horizontal displacements will be changed simultaneously. For example, pressing the left key and the up key at the same time will decrease the displacement in the horizontal direction and increase the displacement in the vertical direction at the same time. The granularity of decrease and increase is 3.

The working principles of other adjacent arrow key combinations are exactly the same, and will not be repeated here.

At this point, the integration of the mouse on the keyboard is completed.

The utility model is used for the wireless logistics intelligent terminal. Since the mouse device is integrated on the keyboard, there is basically no limit when customizing the graphical user interface. Since the entire interface does not need to be changed into a menu form, the maximum scope of the graphical user interface is retained. The overall picture enables the rich graphic functions to be preserved; it comprehensively and stably solves the defects and deficiencies of the existing technology.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a matrix circuit board of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is the internal structure diagram of the keyboard controller of the present utility model;

Fig. 3 is a structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a mouse button;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the mouse and keyboard panel of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The matrix circuit board of the present utility model is shown in Figure 1, and 51 keys are arranged in 5 rows and 11 columns, to reduce the number of I/O ports. 11 keys are set in the first line, 10 keys are set in each of the 2nd to 4th lines, the fixed terminal 1 of each key in each line is connected, and the 5 line electrical signals are connected to the keyboard controller to reflect the line state signal of whether the key is pressed; In the column, connect the moving end 2 of each key in each row involved in the column, and connect the 11 column electrical signals to the input column scan signal of the keyboard controller; KEY_Y10~KEY_Y0 are the input column scan signals of the keyboard controller logic, and KEY_X4~KEY_X0 are A row status signal that reflects whether a key is pressed. The keyboard controller is connected to 5 row signals and 11 column signals in the matrix circuit board.

The keyboard controller adopts CPLD device to realize the functions of row scanning, debounce, key coding, key combination and interrupt generation. Its internal logical structure block diagram is shown in Figure 2. In the implementation process, the digital logic of the keyboard controller is first written in the hardware description language, and then the software provided by the device manufacturer is used for comprehensive adaptation to generate a programmable file for the target device, and finally the programmable file is downloaded from the JTAG port with the download cable to the CPLD device. In the interface signal line, RESET is the global reset signal input by the CPU to the CPLD, CLK_1KHz is the clock input signal, X4~X0 is the row input signal, Y10~Y0 is the column output signal, INT is the interrupt output signal, which is provided to the CPU interrupt controller Use, KEYR0 ~ KEYR5 is the output signal of the 6-bit keyboard code register inside the CPLD, which is read by the driver.

The mouse and keyboard include a matrix circuit board and a keyboard controller, as shown in Figure 3. Due to the large number of keys, in order to reduce the occupation of the I/O port, the keys are arranged in a matrix of 11 columns and 5 rows. Since the number of keys is 51 less than the number of matrix nodes 55, the last four nodes in the 11th column are vacant. In the matrix key, each row line and column line are not directly connected at the intersection, but are connected by a key. Each row line is connected to the positive power supply through a resistor, and the row line is connected to the input line of the keyboard controller, and the column line is connected to the output of the keyboard controller. In this way, when no key is pressed, all input lines of the keyboard controller are high. The keyboard controller outputs sequential low-level pulses on the column line, once a key is pressed, the input line will be pulled low. In this way, it is known whether a key is pressed by reading the state of the input line.

The matrix circuit board is made on the interface board and can be connected with the keyboard controller through the connectors J101 and J102.

As shown in Figure 4, five mouse buttons are added to the 46-key keyboard. Among these 5 mouse buttons, one mouse button is used to simulate the left button of a normal mouse, and the other 4 mouse buttons are used to simulate the movement of a normal mouse, which can control the four movements of the mouse on the screen: up, down, left and right. direction.

As shown in Figure 5, the utility model integrates the mouse into the keyboard. The 5-key mouse and the 46-key keyboard share a hardware interface and an interrupt interface. The user can operate the mouse like a keyboard when using it.

When the OK button of the 5-button mouse is pressed, it will produce the left button effect of a normal mouse.

When the four mouse buttons indicating the directions of up, down, left, and right are respectively pressed, the mouse can be controlled to move up, down, left, and right in four directions.

When two adjacent keys representing directions are pressed simultaneously, the mouse will move towards the direction determined by the two adjacent directions. Then you can control the mouse to move in four directions: upper left, lower left, upper right, and lower right.

When the mouse direction key is held down without lifting it, the mouse can also be moved quickly within the screen plane. If the keyboard key is kept pressed and not lifted, the fast input conversion of the corresponding key value on the keyboard can be realized.

The working state of the keyboard controller of the present utility model is further described below.

1. Scanning circuit

In order to identify which key is pressed, the keyboard adopts a column-by-column scanning method, and the scanning signal on the column line is the sequential low-level pulse mentioned above. The sequential low-level pulse is actually the output of the circular shift register whose initial state is 11'b111_1111_1110. On each rising edge of the 1KHz clock, the circular shift register is shifted to the left by one bit, so it is cyclically output on the column lines Y10~Y0 11'b111_1111_1110—>11'b111_1111_1101—>11'b111_1111_1011—>......—>11'b011_1111_1111—>11'b111_1111_1110 These 11 states, this is the sequential low level pulse.

Once a key press is detected, stop and latch sequential low pulses. Only the row signal and column signal where the key is pressed is low level, and the other column signals and row signals are high level. Like this, by this only column line and row line level sequence, just can determine which key is pressed after all.

For example, if the button S102 in the first column of the second row is pressed, under the action of a 1KHz clock, when the column scanning signal becomes 11'b111_1111_1110, the row line level of the second row becomes low, and the row signal is 5' b11101. This row signal can stop and latch the output of the circular shift register through combinational logic, so the column line signal remains at 11’b111_1111_1110. Now, connect the column signal with the row signal, we get the column line & row line level sequence as 16’b1111_1111_1101_1101, which corresponds to the keyboard register value 6’b000010, which means that the button S102 is pressed.

2. Debounce circuit

Since the key is a mechanical switch, when the key is pressed, the key will vibrate for a short period of time before it stabilizes. In order to prevent the keyboard controller from misjudging that the same key has been pressed multiple times, an anti-vibration circuit must be implemented in the keyboard controller. . It can be seen from the process of column scanning that once the key is pressed, the column signal is stopped and latched, so the column signal will not be disturbed by contact jitter. The row signal is not latched, so it will be affected. Still taking the button S102 as an example, due to the contact vibration when pressed, the actual upstream signal will flip between 5’b11101 and 5’b11111 for a short period of time, thus affecting the judgment of the circuit. Therefore, the debounce circuit is mainly to eliminate the influence of line signal jitter on the circuit.

The general debounce method is to wait for a period of time to read the line signal after detecting that a key is pressed. If the line signal has stabilized at this time, the correct value is read. The disadvantage of this method is that the delay time is difficult to grasp. If the delay time is too short, the wrong value may be read, resulting in misjudgment; if the delay time is too long, the keyboard response speed will be reduced and efficiency will be lost. The utility model proposes a debounce method based on sampling, that is, each 1KHz clock rising edge samples the line signal once, if n consecutive line signal samples indicate that there is a key pressed, then it is considered that there is a key pressed; As long as no key is pressed in the line signal sampling, it is considered that no key is pressed. Since the button shaking time measured by the experiment generally does not exceed 10ms, n here is 10. According to this anti-vibration method, the keyboard controller can judge the pressed state within 10ms after the press is stable, and once the button is released, the keyboard controller can immediately judge the released state. On the basis of ensuring performance, improve improved keyboard efficiency.

3. Key coding and generating interrupt circuit

The debounced row line & column line level sequence has a total of 16 bits, but it is only used to represent 56 states, so the number of bits in the level sequence has great redundancy. The level sequence is closely related to the key arrangement and has great hardware dependence. In addition, the level sequence is not convenient for direct reading. Therefore, the utility model encodes the row line and column line level sequence after debounce into 6 bits, and stores them in the keyboard register in the keyboard controller. This not only saves storage resources, but also provides greater independence and convenience to the driver.

Table 1 key-value correspondence table button status Row line & column line level sequence Keyboard Registers in CPLD decimal Press S101 16'b1111_1111_1101_1110 6'b000001 1 Press S102 16'b1111_1111_1101_1101 6'b000010 2 Press S103 16'b1111_1111_1101_1011 6'b000011 3 Press S104 16'b1111_1111_1101_0111 6'b000100 4 Press S105 16'b1111_1111_1100_1111 6'b000101 5 Press S106 16'b1111_1111_1011_1110 6'b000110 6 Press S107 16'b1111_1111_1011_1101 6'b000111 7 Press S108 16'b1111_1111_1011_1011 6'b001000 8 Press S109 16'b1111_1111_1011_0111 6'b001001 9 Press S110 16'b1111_1111_1010_1111 6'b001010 10 Press S111 16'b1111_1111_0111_1110 6'b001011 11 Press S112 16'b1111_1111_0111_1101 6'b001100 12 Press S113 16'b1111_1111_0111_1011 6'b001101 13 Press S114 16'b1111_1111_0111_0111 6'b001110 14 Press S115 16'b1111_1111_0110_1111 6'b001111 15 Press S116 16'b1111_1110 1111_1110 6'b010000 16 Press S117 16'b1111_1110_1111_1101 6'b010001 17 Press S118 16'b1111_1110_1111_1011 6'b010010 18 Press S119 16'b1111_1110_1111_0111 6'b010011 19 Press S120 16'b1111_1110_1110_1111 6'b010100 20 Press S121 16'b1111_1101_1111_1110 6'b010101 twenty one Press S122 16'b1111_1101_1111_1101 6'b010110 twenty two Press S123 16'b1111_1101_1111_1011 6'b010111 twenty three Press S124 16'b1111_1101 1111_0111 6'b011000 twenty four Press S125 16'b1111_1101_1110_1111 6'b011001 25 Press S126 16'b1111_1011_1111_1110 6'b011010 26 Press S127 16'b1111_1011_1111_1101 6'b011011 27 Press S128 16'b1111_1011_1111_1011 6'b011100 28 Press S129 16'b1111_1011_1111_0111 6'b011101 29 Press S130 16'b1111_1011_1110_1111 6'b011110 30 Press S131 16'b1111_0111_1111_1110 6'b011111 31 Press S132 16'b1111_0111_1111_1101 6'b100000 32 Press S133 16'b1111_0111_1111_1011 6'b100001 33 Press S134 16'b1111_0111_1111_0111 6'b100010 34 Press S135 16'b1111_0111_1110_1111 6'b100011 35 Press S136 16'b1110_1111_1111_1110 6'b100100 36 Press S137 16'b1110_1111_1111_1101 6'b100101 37 Press S138 16'b1110_1111_1111_1011 6'b100110 38 Press S139 16'b1110_1111_1111_0111 6'b100111 39 Press S140 16'b1110_1111_1110_1111 6'b101000 40 Press S141 16'b1101_1111_1111_1110 6'b101001 41 Press S142 16'b1101_1111_1111_1101 6'b101010 42 Press S143 16'b1101_1111_1111_1011 6'b101011 43 Press S144 16'b1101_1111_1111_0111 6'b101100 44 Press S145 16'b1101_1111_1110_1111 6'b101101 45 Press S146 16'b1011_1111_1111_1110 6'b101110 46 Press S147 16'b1011_1111_1111_1101 6'b101111 47 Press S148 16'b1011_1111_1111_1011 6'b110000 48 Press S149 16'b1011_1111_1111_0111 6'b110001 49 Press S150 16'b1011_1111_1110_1111 6'b110010 50 Press S151 16'b0111_1111_1111_1110 6'b110011 51 Press S101&S102 16'b1111_1111_1101_1100 6'b110100 52 Press S102&S103 16'b1111_1111_1101_1001 6'b110101 53 Press S103&S104 16'b1111_1111_1101_0011 6'b110110 54 Press S104&S101 16'b1111_1111_1101_0110 6'b110111 55 Press another key combination, or press no key other 6'b111111 63

The encoded 56 states include 51 single key states, 4 groups of key combination states, and a state indicating that no key is pressed or an invalid key combination is pressed. The 4 groups of combined key states include: mouse up key & mouse left key, mouse left key & mouse down key, mouse down key & mouse right key, mouse right key & mouse up key.

State transitions between 56 states generate interrupt signals. After reset and when there are no interrupts, the INT interrupt line is low. Whenever the state transitions, the INT line generates a 1ms high-level pulse. In this way, after pressing any single key or combination of keys, the state changes from the state of no key pressed to the state of a certain single key or combination of keys pressed, the high level pulse of the INT line notifies the interrupt controller of the CPU, and the CPU calls the keyboard and mouse The interrupt routine in the driver then reads the value of the keyboard register, and judges which key is pressed according to the value, and executes corresponding actions (such as starting to count the key time, or starting to move the mouse arrow). After releasing any single key or key combination just pressed, the state changes from the state of a single key or key combination to the state of no key pressed, and an interrupt is generated, and the corresponding interrupt routine clears the action executed by the key code ( e.g. stop moving the mouse arrow).

Let's use the example of pressing the mouse direction combination key S102&S103 to see the specific process of key coding and interrupt generation. It is impossible to press the combination key at the same time precisely, and there is also a first and a later, so here it is considered that the two keys are pressed one after another, and then released one after another. Assuming that S102 is pressed first, the column line & row line level sequence obtained after debounce of the keyboard controller is 16’b1111_1111_1101_1101, and the coded value stored in the keyboard register is 6’b000010. The state transitions from no key press to press S102, so an interrupt pulse is generated. The interrupt code of the driver program reads the value of the keyboard register, knows the state of pressing the mouse direction key S102, and starts to execute the action of moving the mouse arrow.

Then press S103, thus forming a pair of effective key combinations. The keyboard controller detects the level jitter on the row line, and after debounce, the column line & row line level sequence is 16’b1111_1111_1101_1001, and the coded value stored in the keyboard register is 6’b110101. This produces a state transition again, from the state of pressing S102 to the state of pressing S102&S103, thus generating an interrupt. Similarly, the interrupt code of the driver reads the value of the keyboard register, knows the state of pressing S102&S103, and starts to execute the action of moving the mouse arrow in the direction of tilting 45 degrees.

Then release S103, the state switches back to the state of pressing S102, the interrupt code executes the corresponding action, and the mouse arrow moves to the original direction. Finally release S102, the state transitions to the state where no key is pressed, the interrupt code executes the corresponding action, and the mouse arrow stops moving.

It should be noted that to ensure correct coding, the combination keys must be defined in the same column during coding, otherwise the row line level may fall outside the digital logic level threshold. For example, press S102 first, then press S107, then Y0 is low level 0V, Y1 is high level 3.3V, due to the internal resistance of the button, the voltage value on the X1 line is 1.5V outside the threshold, so the column line & The line level sequence is 16'b1111_1111_1101_11z1.

Of course, this sequence will not cause confusion. The keyboard controller will encode it as 6'b111111, which is considered to be a wrong combination of keys or a state where no key is pressed. However, from the principle of digital circuit design, voltages outside the logic level threshold should be avoided as much as possible. In the design, put the 4 groups of combined keys in the first column and define them on S101-S104. Which of the four keys corresponds to the mouse direction key is defined by the software. Likewise, the functions of the other 47 keys are also defined by the software.

Claims (3)

1. an embedded mouse-keyboard comprises key panel, the matrix circuit plate and the keyboard controller that are connected with the key panel electric signal; It is characterized in that:

(1) described key panel comprises the keyboard of 46 keys and the mouse of 5 keys, totally 51 keys;

(2) in the described matrix circuit plate, 51 keys are arranged in 5 row, 11 row, and the 1st row is provided with 11 keys, and the 2nd～5 row respectively is provided with 10 keys, and the fixed end [1] of each key connects in each row, 5 horizontal electrical signal connecting key disk controllers, the capable status signal whether the reflection key is pressed; The moved end [2] that will be listed as each related each key of row in every row connects the input column scan signal of 11 column electrical signal connecting key disk controllers;

(3) described keyboard controller comprises the twitter circuit that disappears, sweep circuit, keyboard-coding and generation interrupt circuit; 5 horizontal electrical signals of described matrix circuit plate connect the twitter circuit that disappears, and the twitter circuit signal that disappears exports keyboard-coding to and produces interrupt circuit; Sweep circuit output simultaneously order low level pulse is to 11 row of matrix circuit plate and keyboard-coding and generation interrupt circuit; Keyboard-coding and generation interrupt circuit output key coding, generation look-at-me.

2. embedded mouse-keyboard according to claim 1 is characterized in that: comprise 10 bond number keyboards in 46 key boards, 26 letter keys, 4 key directionkeys and 6 key function keys; Comprise 4 key directionkeys and 1 key analog mouse left button in the 5 key mouses.

3. embedded mouse-keyboard according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described keyboard controller adopts the CPLD device to realize that described matrix circuit plate is electrically connected by connector with keyboard controller.

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