Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of new-type bulk stacking type tobacco flue-curing house, and it adopts tobacco leaf directly to go up a heatable brick bed, and the leaf that looses is arranged and stacked, and petiole is downward during stacking, and baking finishes directly to descend a heatable brick bed.Save the labour, reduce labour intensity and baking cost, improve the baking quality and the output of tobacco leaf.
The technical scheme that bulk stacking type tobacco flue-curing house of the present utility model is adopted is: this tobacco flue-curing house comprises room body, heating system and hot air circulating system, it is characterized in that: comprise two chambers in the described room body side by side: heating clamber and cigarette-filling house; Described heating system is located in the heating clamber, is provided with the heap cigarette in described cigarette-filling house; Describedly make hot air circulating system that hot blast circulates between heating clamber and cigarette-filling house be located in heating clamber and the cigarette-filling house and be communicated with heating clamber and cigarette-filling house.
Described bulk stacking type tobacco flue-curing house, wherein said heating system comprises heater, chimney, blower fan, air inlet, hot-blast outlet, described heater places in the heating clamber, heater is connected with fire door opposite body of wall chimney outward, blower fan provides the motor of power to be connected with fan and places the heating clamber top, described air inlet is located at the body of wall side of blower fan top, hot-blast outlet be located at heating clamber and cigarette-filling house between the bottom of divider wall, be used to be communicated with two Room.
The hot air circulating system of described cigarette-filling house comprises, the hot blast import, and air inlet duct, even wind divides the wind facility, air-return duct, return air inlet, the passage of described air inlet duct for flowing in cigarette-filling house along cigarette-filling house's ground self-heating wind inlet; Be provided with even wind in the bottom of cigarette-filling house's air inlet duct, divide wind apparatus, this even wind, the slope of branch wind apparatus for raising gradually along air inlet duct ground; Air-return duct be along cigarette-filling house's roof face by the passage that flows out to heating clamber top, air-return duct also is provided with even wind, divides wind apparatus, this even wind, divide wind apparatus be the roof towards the heating clamber top gradually by the low slope that uprises; Described return air inlet is located at the divider wall top that is used to isolate heating clamber and cigarette-filling house.
In heating clamber, also further be provided with wind deflector and air inlet duct base plate.
Blower motor AD and fire door are located at the top near a body of wall of blower fan, dress cigarette door on heating clamber divider wall opposite, humiture observation window cigarette-filling house facade wall, the tobacco leaf observation window the humiture observation window to face wall on.
Bar palisade or the latticed net basket of described smoke-piling fence for adopting batten or bamboo bar to make.
It comprises that further one has the thermometer of electronic probe, and probe positions is installed on barn center, the above 15-20cm of cigarette frame place.
The hot blast that described heating system is come out was both forced hot blast to pressing down by the blower fan of heater top, enter cigarette-filling house by hot-blast outlet (or induced-draught fan being installed) by hot-blast outlet, air-flow is from bottom to top operation in cigarette-filling house, pass through air-return duct again, return air inlet, enter heating clamber, carry out two circulations.
Bulk stacking type tobacco flue-curing house baking process of the present invention comprises the steps;
(1) dress a heatable brick bed characteristics and requirement; The leaf that looses is piled up barn dress cigarette and is not tied up bar, and the tobacco leaf petiole is downward, blade tip makes progress, big (the general bottom leaf 40kg/m of integral installation smoke density
2, middle leaf 45kg/m
2, upper leaf 50kg/m
2); Dress requires during a heatable brick bed with the rare density uniformity of layer tobacco leaf, and does not have the mouth that leaks out more greatly, and all tobacco leaves tilt (all tobacco leaves are tiltedly put to the heating clamber end) to same direction, in case that tobacco leaf is stepped on the direction that lodges behind the frame is inconsistent, the situation of leaking out occurs tobacco leaf can't be dried.
(2) changing yellow stage: rapidly temperature is risen to after the igniting more than 32 degree, keep 32-36 ℃ (dry and wet temp differs from 2 ℃), steady warm fall down (general 10-15 hour) of feeling like jelly to tobacco leaf; Temperature is risen to 38-39 ℃ then, wet-bulb temperature keeps 36-37 ℃, and steady temperature reaches the pornographic movie blue veins to the full flavescence of tobacco leaf, is warming up to 42 ℃ again, about 37 ℃ of wet-bulb temperature, and steady temperature about 10 hours promotes that increasing sugar falls alkali, heating up behind the hydrofuge in advance changes fixation stage over to.The flavescence time generally remained on about 50 hours.
(3) fixation stage: after tobacco leaf reaches the flavescence requirement, rapidly the barn temperature is risen to 45-48 ℃, control wet-bulb temperature is at 37-38 ℃, and steady temperature to tobacco leaf reaches pornographic movie, yellow muscle, generally needs about 12 hours; Be warming up to 50-52 ℃ then, keep 37-39 ℃ of wet-bulb temperature, toasted about 12 hours, be warming up to 54-55 ℃ (wet bulb 38-39 ℃) steady warm intensification more than 12 hours again and enter drying muscle stage.Notice that omnidistance wet-bulb temperature all can not be above requiring.
Drying muscle stage: after tobacco leaf reaches the fixation requirement, will rise to more than 60 degree in bulb temperature rapidly, and the highlyest be no more than 68 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is no more than 43 ℃, and general 39-42 ℃, it is absolutely dry flame-out to be baked to the cigarette muscle, and moisture regain is a heatable brick bed down.
(4) force moisture regain; After closing fire, treating that temperature is reduced to below 40 ℃ in the barn, is to quicken tobacco leaf conditioning, can add water on barn ground and carry out and force moisture regain, about amount of water 100kg, divides 3-4 adding, adds all portings of unlatching behind the water, and moves blower fan and get damp again; Also can open all portings when air humidity is big and blower fan gets damp again in morning, the moisture regain time generally about 2 hours, is noted preventing that tobacco leaf conditioning is excessive.
(5) thermometer installation site; Thermometer must correctly be indicated the temperature and humidity of tobacco leaf environment of living in, therefore requires to adopt the thermometer with electronic probe, and probe positions is installed on barn center, the above 15-20cm of cigarette frame place.Have suffered bake process and mainly regulate with wet-bulb temperature, dry-bulb temperature heats up must reach the requirement temperature as early as possible, prevents that dry-bulb temperature is fluctuated.In case roasting bad tobacco leaf, occur dust, roasting blue or green, fall sweat, spermatic cord, steaming sheet.
(6) the coal technology of making a fire; Add 120 in honeycomb briquette when lighting a fire, in coal car, neatly put (generally putting 4 layers, 5 capable, 6 row), get 6-8 coal briquette ignites as burning things which may cause a fire disaster in advance, be positioned over the middle second layer of 120 coal briquettes, then coal car is pushed and allow its spontaneous firing in the stove, open blower fan hot blast is blowed to cigarette-filling house along the hot blast import, after temperature reaches the requirement temperature, reach the time control fire; When coal briquette in the coal car during with after-flame, in time coal in case in the barn temperature descend, general every 6-10 hour coal is once, the each coal 60-80 of changing yellow stage, the each coal 100-120 of fixation stage, the each coal 150-200 of drying muscle stage, look the firepower flexible in size and grasp; Generally reaching before 2 ℃ of the target equilibrium temperatures in time by stove shutter and fiery lock control firepower, in case in the barn temperature too high, heat up too fastly, generally fill up coal briquette in about 2 hours in advance when needing to heat up.
Stop when (7) opening during the omnidistance blower fan of baking, available genset power supply during power failure prevents behind the tobacco leaf self-heating roasting bad.
Owing to adopt the technique scheme beneficial effect to be; Because tobacco flue-curing house is divided into two chambers, overcome existing tobacco flue-curing house heating system and be located in the cigarette-filling house, the tobacco leaf below is provided with fire tube, the problem that vertical temperature-difference is big; And improved the baking poor stability; With heating system in heating clamber, the room height of flue-cured tobacco chamber can be lowered, make the number of plies of bulk stacking type barn and highly all be lower than conventional barn, three layers of bulk stacking type barns and height 3.2m, more than the conventional air-flow ascending manner barn 6m, avoided the high-altitude application in the dress a heatable brick bed, handling safety, convenient; Conventional barn firing equipment directly places the cigarette-filling house bottom, if tobacco leaf falls down in the bake process, fire tube breaks etc., very easily cause fire, and the design of bulk stacking type barn is similar to the other types intensive barn curing, the mutual isolation design of heating clamber and cigarette-filling house, fire phenomena can not appear, thus safer.
The bulk stacking type baking technology has changed traditional a heatable brick bed on the bar of tying up, and separates rope cigarette down, but takes tobacco leaf directly to go up a heatable brick bed, and the leaf that looses is arranged and stacked, and petiole is downward during stacking, and baking finishes directly to descend a heatable brick bed.Thereby save the labour, reduce labour intensity.Thereby reduce the production labor cost.
Make fuel with common fire coal, take mandatory ventilation dewetting, temperature uniformity in the barn, ventilation dewetting is smooth and easy.
The specific embodiment;
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is described further;
Referring to Fig. 1-3, showed a kind of bulk stacking type tobacco flue-curing house among the figure, it comprises: room body, heating system and hot air circulating system is characterized in that described room body comprises two chambers that are set up in parallel: heating clamber 28 and cigarette-filling house 29; Described heating system is located in the heating clamber 28, is provided with smoke-piling fence 11 in described cigarette-filling house 29; Describedly make hot air circulating system that hot blast circulates between heating clamber 28 and cigarette-filling house 29 be located in heating clamber 28 and the cigarette-filling house 29 and be communicated with heating clamber 28 and cigarette-filling house 29.
The heating system of described heating clamber 28 comprises: heater 1, chimney 2, blower fan 3, air inlet 21, hot-blast outlet 7, the stove and accessory that dress moulded coal or diffusing coal are arranged in the described heater 1, heater 1 is connected with fire door 19 opposite bodies of wall chimney 2 outward, air inlet 21 is on blower fan AD 24, blower fan 3 is connected with motor 26, and placing the top of heating clamber, hot-blast outlet 7 is the divider wall of heating clamber 28 and cigarette-filling house 29 10 times.
The hot air circulating system of described cigarette-filling house comprises: hot blast import 5, air inlet duct 25, even wind, branch wind apparatus 15, air-return duct 27, return air inlet 8, the passage of described air inlet duct 25 for flowing in cigarette-filling house along cigarette-filling house's ground self-heating wind inlet 5;
Be provided with even wind in the bottom of cigarette-filling house's air inlet duct 25 and divide wind apparatus 15, this even wind, branch wind apparatus 15 are the slope of raising gradually along air inlet duct ground;
Air-return duct 27 be along cigarette-filling house's roof face by the passage that flows out to heating clamber 28 tops, air-return duct 27 also is provided with even wind, divides wind apparatus 14, this even wind, divide wind apparatus 14 for the roof to heating clamber 28 tops gradually by the low slope that uprises;
Described return air inlet 8 is located at divider wall 10 tops that are used to isolate heating clamber and cigarette-filling house.
In heating clamber, also further be provided with wind deflector 6 and air inlet duct base plate 9.
The hot blast that described heating system is come out is both by hot-blast outlet 7, and air inlet duct 25 is spared wind, divided wind facility 15, enters cigarette-filling house 29 again by air-return duct 27, and return air inlet 8 enters heating clamber 28, circulates.
The wall of described heating clamber 28 and cigarette-filling house 29 is provided with, dress cigarette door 16, humiture and tobacco leaf observation window 17, blower motor AD 18 and fire door 19 are located at the top of same face wall body, dress cigarette door 16 is located at the divider wall opposite, humiture observation window 17 places on the facade wall of cigarette-filling house 29, tobacco leaf observation window 12 humiture observation window 17 to face wall on.
It comprises that further one has the thermometer (not shown) of electronic probe, and probe positions is installed on barn center, the above 15-20cm of cigarette frame place.
During flue-cured tobacco, under the effect of blower fan, the hot blast that will be come out by heating system is both forced hot blast to pressing down by the blower fan of heater top, enter cigarette-filling house 29 by hot-blast outlet 7 (or induced-draught fan being installed) by hot-blast outlet, air-flow is from bottom to top operations in cigarette-filling house 29, divides wind apparatus 15 through air inlet duct 25 and even wind, again through again by air-return duct 27, and even wind, divide wind apparatus 14, return air inlet flows back to heating clamber, carries out two circulations.Compare with the existing barn that heating system is located under the cigarette frame, make cigarette be heated evenly, safety, cost are low, have reduced labor strength.
Present embodiment only is used to illustrate the utility model, and protection domain is as the criterion with claim.