CN2582688Y - Timing and name list recording device for track and field events - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a track and field middle and sprint timing device with high cost performance. Its characteristic is to use eight sets of pyroelectric sensors above the finish line to detect the characteristic signals of athletes' torso posture, and through the processing and correction of single-chip computer software, it can confirm the timing results and rankings of athletes in each track. The device is easy to use, has high timing accuracy, and can display or print athletes' scores and rankings in real time, and can completely replace artificial stopwatches and be used for timing in sports competitions or sports training occasions.

Description

A track and field race timing and recording device

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of sports equipment, in particular to a track and field race timing and recording device.

Background technique

As we all know, the track and field race timing and counting device composed of a high-speed camera and an infrared blocking detector etc. includes a starting pistol wireless transmitting circuit, a starting signal wireless receiving circuit for receiving signals emitted by the starting pistol wireless transmitting circuit, and an end detector. This device can only display the results of the first athlete in real time, and the scores of the rest of the athletes need to be identified by replaying the high-speed camera. The whole identification process takes half a minute, and because of its high price, it has not been adopted by sports clubs in factories and mines in major middle schools. adopted, while still staying in the manual timing stage.

Utility model content

The utility model aims at the above-mentioned problem and provides a track and field race timing registration device, which can not only accurately time the time, but also accurately distinguish the race results of the athletes on each track within 400 meters, and has low cost, easy installation and use, and is suitable for general track and field races and Chronograph for training.

The technical solution provided by the utility model is: a track and field race timing registration device, including a wireless transmitting circuit of the starting gun, a wireless receiving circuit for receiving signals transmitted by the wireless transmitting circuit of the starting gun, an end detector arranged at the end of the track, a timing circuit, Interrupt application and its removal circuit and A/D conversion and single-chip microcomputer circuit, the end detector is a pyroelectric sensor and its conditioning circuit, the output signal of the wireless receiving circuit of the command signal and the output signal and timing of the pyroelectric sensor conditioning circuit The input ends of the circuit are connected to form the start and stop control of timing.

The above-mentioned starting gun wireless transmitting circuit includes an electret microphone, a high-pass amplifier circuit, a starter gun trigger switch, a differential circuit, a monostable circuit, a comparator, a NAND gate, an audio frequency oscillator and an ultra-high frequency oscillator; an electret microphone, a high-pass amplifier circuit And the composition and relationship of the trigger switch of the starting gun to control the timing start time, the output of the trigger switch of the starting gun is connected with the input end of the monostable circuit through a differential circuit, and the output of the electret microphone is connected with a high-pass amplifier circuit, a comparator and another monostable circuit The input terminals of the two monostable circuits are respectively connected to the two input terminals of a NAND gate, the output terminal of the NAND gate is connected to the input terminal of the audio oscillator, and the output terminal of the audio oscillator is connected to the input terminal of the audio oscillator. The input end of the ultra-high frequency oscillation circuit is connected to realize the modulation and emission of the high frequency carrier.

The above-mentioned command signal receiving circuit is mainly composed of a high-frequency modulation signal receiving amplifier circuit and an audio decoding circuit; the high-frequency modulation signal receiving amplifier circuit amplifies the received command signal and outputs it to the audio decoding circuit, and the audio decoding circuit outputs A control signal to start timing is generated via a flip-flop and an inverter.

The end of the runway of the utility model is equipped with multiple pyroelectric sensors and conditioning circuits, and the timing circuit is correspondingly equipped with multiple independent timers; the output of the pyroelectric sensors is amplified and adjusted by low pass, and is input to the same phase of the comparator all the way. The input terminal, the other way is output to the inverting input terminal of the comparator through the peak hold circuit, the output terminal of the comparator is connected with the input terminal of the corresponding timer to control the timer, so as to ensure that the timing stop time is locked at the athlete's torso. At the same time, the output terminal of the comparator is also connected with the A/D conversion and the input terminal of the interrupt application circuit in the single-chip circuit through the trigger, so as to send an interrupt application to the single-chip microcomputer after the athlete's torso crosses the line.

The above-mentioned timing circuit adopts a timing integrated chip to form multiple independent timers, which independently time each runway; the output signal of the wireless receiving circuit of the command signal and the output signal of the comparator in the pyroelectric sensor conditioning circuit of each runway are respectively They are timer start-stop control signals, they are respectively connected with the two input terminals of the AND gate, and the output terminals of the AND gate are connected with the input terminals of each runway timer.

The above-mentioned interrupt application and its removal circuit and A/D conversion circuit include a single-chip microcomputer circuit, an interrupt application circuit, a two-frequency divider circuit, a bus driver, a decoder, a latch, an A/D converter, and a protection device. The input of the interrupt application circuit is the interrupt request signal of each channel, and its output is connected to the external interrupt pin of the single-chip microcomputer; the input of the protection device is the instantaneous voltage output of each pyroelectric sensor after low-pass amplification adjustment, and its output is connected to into the input of the A/D converter; the output of the A/D converter is connected to the MCU bus through the bus driver, and the working frequency of the A/D converter is supplied by the standard signal provided by the MCU after frequency division by two; the MCU The address line is connected to the address line of the decoder and the A/D converter, and the output of the decoder cooperates with the corresponding control signal of the microcontroller to realize the read and write control of the latch and the A/D converter, thereby realizing the pyroelectric sensor Cooperate with the A/D conversion circuit to effectively detect the posture value of the athlete's torso when it hits the end point for the software to correct the time, which is conducive to improving the timing accuracy of the device; the input of the latch is a single-chip data line, and its output is connected to other corresponding circuits. The interrupt application cancellation terminal and zero clearing terminal can realize the timely cancellation of the interrupt application and the automatic zero clearing of the entire device.

The utility model is also provided with an electronic display module circuit or a printer, the data line of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the electronic display module circuit or the data line of the printer through the bus driver, the address line of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the decoder, and the output of the decoder cooperates with the corresponding control signal of the single-chip microcomputer Realize the read and write control of electronic display circuit or printer.

The utility model uses a pyroelectric sensor to detect the infrared radiant energy when the athlete crosses the finish line, especially uses the difference in the infrared radiant energy between the athlete's head and arm and the means of program correction to lock that the end of the timing is at the athlete's torso. At the moment of passing the finish line, the accuracy of timing is ensured, and the results of athletes on the track within 400 meters can be accurately distinguished. In addition, the utility model can also be used for timing and naming of middle and long distance races. The utility model is convenient to install and use, and the price is low.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the internal circuit of the electronic starting gun of the present utility model;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the sending signal receiving circuit of the present utility model;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the sensor conditioning circuit of the present utility model;

Fig. 5 is timing circuit of the present utility model and its schematic diagram with single-chip microcomputer interface circuit;

Fig. 6 is the interrupt application of the present utility model and its removal circuit and A/D conversion circuit principle diagram;

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the interface circuit between the EA----D20040AR display module and the single-chip microcomputer of the present utility model;

Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of eight sets of pyroelectric sensor receiving frames above the end point of the utility model.

Detailed ways

Referring to Fig. 1, the utility model comprises: starting gun wireless transmitting circuit 1, starting signal wireless receiving circuit 2, pyroelectric sensor and its conditioning circuit 3, timing circuit 4, A/D conversion and microcontroller 5, Electronic display module circuit 6 and printer circuit 7.

When the trigger of the electronic starting gun is pulled, in the internal circuit of the starting gun shown in Figure 2, the switch SW-PB is closed, and the positive pulse generated by the differential circuit composed of C1 and R2 makes the monostable circuit U1 output a high level; , The electret microphone MK converts the command signal into an electrical signal, which is input to a high-pass amplifier circuit composed of Q1, Q2, and Q3 for amplification, and the low-frequency part information and low-frequency environmental noise are filtered out. The amplified analog signal is converted to a high level by a comparator to trigger the monostable circuit U2 to output a high level. At this time, both input terminals of the NAND gate U4 are high, the output is low, BG1 is cut off, and the NE555 chip constitutes The audio oscillator starts to oscillate, and outputs a 5000HZ audio signal from its pin 3 to the base level of BG2 for modulation. The UHF oscillating circuit composed of BG2, L1, L2, C9, C12, etc. radiates the modulation signal from the invisible antenna to the space. Due to the composition and relationship between the electret microphone circuit and the trigger of the starting gun, the start time of timing is controlled, which effectively solves the problem of disturbance and false signals in the timing stage of firing, and makes the timing of firing stable, and the delay time of firing is less than one thousandth after being corrected by software. One second, to meet the timing rules of track and field competitions. After the electronic starting gun is clicked, the monostable circuits U1 and U2 return to the original low level after a delay respectively, the output of U4 is high level, BG1 is turned on, the audio oscillator does not vibrate, and the starting gun stops emitting modulation signals.

In Fig. 3, the command signal receiving circuit 2 is mainly composed of FM radio ASIC TA8164 and audio decoding circuit LM567. TA8164 outputs the high-frequency modulation signal to LM567 after the received command signal is amplified internally, so that the frequency of the modulation signal is equal to the characteristic frequency of LM567, and the 8-pin output of LM567 changes from high level to low level, triggering the D flip-flop The output changes from high level to low level, and then becomes the timing control signal (START=1) of timing circuit 4 after inversion. The remote control distance of the starting gun is greater than 100 meters.

Pyroelectric detector circuit 3 is composed of eight sets of sensor conditioning circuits as shown in Figure 4. The sensors with the same structure are respectively installed directly above the finish line of the eight runways, and are used to detect athletes crossing the line after optical alignment. Infrared radiation energy at time. Due to the difference in the infrared radiation energy of the athlete's arm, head and torso and the distance between these parts and the sensor, the electrical signal output by the sensor is constant from the moment the athlete arrives at the finish line crossing area to the whole body completely crosses the finish line. After the signal is low-pass amplified by U6, U7, and U8 in Figure 4, one path (instantaneous value Vi) is input to the non-inverting input terminal of comparator U11, and the other path is input to the peak hold circuit composed of U9 and U10 (Vip) Then output to the inverting input terminal of U11. Before the athlete crosses the line, the instantaneous value Vi at the input of U11 is always higher than the output signal Vip of the peak hold circuit (Vi>Vip), and U11 outputs a high level. When the athlete’s torso on the i-th runway crosses the finish line, Vi becomes smaller, the peak value Vip of Vi is maintained (Vi<Vip), the output of U11 becomes low, that is, the control signal TNi=0, and the i-th way in the timing circuit 4 is stopped Timing of the timer; at the same time, TNi=0 makes the D flip-flop U12 reverse, /Q _n+1 =0, and then forms an effective interrupt request signal (IRQi=1) of the i-th path after inversion. TNi (i=1-8) are also the control signals of eight sample-and-hold devices LF398 at the input end of A/D0809 in Fig. 6: TNi=1, LF398 samples; TNi=0, LF398 holds. The input signal of LF398 is the instantaneous value Vi (i=1-8).

The timers used in the timing circuit 4 are three integrated chips 8254 (see Figure 5), and each chip contains three independent timers, which independently time the eight runways. The working frequency of 8254 is CLK=500KHZ, and the working mode is 4. In this mode, when the pin GATE=1 of 8254, counting is allowed; when GATE=0, counting is prohibited. Therefore, only when START=1 and TNi=1, the i-th timer works. When the athlete’s torso crosses the finish line on the i-th track, TNi=0, the i-th timer stops counting, and the LF398 in the i-th runway is in a holding state. At this time, the output size (pose value) of the LF398 crosses the finish line with the athlete’s torso The position and posture at the time are different, and the single-chip microcomputer can correct the timing error caused by the cross-line posture of the athlete on the i-th track according to the numerical value of the position and posture value converted by A/D0809; TNi=0 also makes U12 in Figure 4 Inversion, IRQi=1, this signal makes the output of U14 in Figure 6 low, and sends an interrupt request to the microcontroller. The interrupt request signal status (IRQ1-IRQ8) of the eight-way runway can be queried through the P1 port of the single-chip microcomputer. After the MCU responds to the interrupt, query the P1 port in the interrupt service program to record which channel (or channels) have crossed the line, and then output the corresponding control word to other circuits through the U15 latch interface (model 74LS373) in Figure 6 Each corresponding interrupt request cancellation terminal (CLR1-CLR8) clears the IRQi signal of the channel (or channels), thereby canceling the interrupt request of the channel (or channels). In the main program of the single chip microcomputer, according to the records made during the interruption, the corresponding runway count value and the conversion value of the pose value of the corresponding input terminal of A/D0809 are read in, and after addition and correction, the running time of the athlete is converted and output to the electronic display module circuit 6 or printer7. In Figure 6, 74LS74 is used for the two-way frequency division circuit, 74LS244 is the bus driver, and 74LS138 is used for the decoder model. After this round of competition, before the next round of competition, the MCU automatically outputs the corresponding control word to the U16 latch interface (model 74LS373) in Figure 6 to the corresponding clearing terminals (CLR9——CLR11) of other circuits. After clearing the START signal (make START=0), clear the peak value held by each channel (make Vi>Vip, TNi=1), and also clear the count value of the three 8254 internal timers (make CLR8254=1, In Fig. 5, the relay switch RELAY-SPST is disconnected, and the power supply of three 8254s is interrupted). These preparations for the next round of competition can also be completed by pressing the RESET button in Figure 3.

Figure 7: In the interface circuit between EA----D20040AR display module and single-chip microcomputer, the data line of EA----D20040AR display module is connected to the data line of the single-chip microcomputer through the bus driver 74LS245, and the address line of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the address line of the decoder 74LS138. The output of the encoder cooperates with the corresponding control signal of the microcontroller to realize the read and write control of the display module.

The following are some notes about Figure 8. The pyroelectric sensor is installed in the receiving box, and the receiving box is fixed on the upper part of the terminal receiving frame. The receiving frame is made of lance steel material and has a detachable structure, with a height of 3.40 meters and a clearance of 3.00 meters. In addition, there is a space of 0.75 meters left on the left side of the first track and on the right side of the eighth track, so it will not affect the athletes' running. During installation, in order to ensure that the receiving sensor is located exactly above the finish line, it is necessary to observe the level on the frame column, and adjust the tightening bolts on the wire ropes on both sides of the frame to make the frame vertical without tilting back and forth. The left and right directions of the frame do not need to be adjusted, because the frame structure ensures that the left and right directions are not easy to tilt, and even if it is slightly tilted, it has no effect on the accuracy of timing. There is a hood under the receiving box, and a rectangular hole of 20mm*60mm is opened on the lower beam of the frame to ensure that the projection of the receiving field of view on the ground is 1.50m (runway width)*0.50m (finish line crossing area). The field of view is 1.00 meters wide at the torso of the athlete (about 1.00 to 1.10 meters above the ground), which not only ensures that the sensor on this track can receive the infrared radiation of the athlete on this track without fail, but also does not receive information from athletes on the adjacent track. See Figure 8. Therefore, the timing stop time meets the timing rules of track and field competitions.

Claims (7)

1. the track and field race timing device of signing, comprise the signal wireless receiving circuit of issuing an order, the endpoint detector of being located at the runway terminal point, timing circuit, the interruption application that transmits by starting pistol radio transmitter, reception starting pistol radio transmitter and remove circuit and A/D conversion and single chip circuit, it is characterized in that: described endpoint detector is pyroelectric sensor and modulate circuit thereof, the issue an order output signal of signal wireless receiving circuit and the output signal of pyroelectric sensor modulate circuit and the input of timing circuit links, and constitutes the start-stop control of timing.

2. the timing according to claim 1 device of signing, it is characterized in that: the starting pistol radio transmitter contains Electret condenser microphone, high pass amplifying circuit, starting pistol trigger, differential circuit, monostable circuit, comparator, NAND gate, audio oscillation and ultra-high frequency generator; Electret condenser microphone, high pass amplifying circuit and starting pistol trigger constitute and concern with control timing zero-time, the output of starting pistol trigger connects with the input of monostable circuit by differential circuit, the output of Electret condenser microphone is through the high pass amplifying circuit, comparator connects with the input of another monostable circuit, the output of these two monostable circuits connects with two inputs of a NAND gate respectively, the output of this NAND gate connects with the input of audio frequency oscillator, the output of audio frequency oscillator connects with the input of hyperfrequency oscillating circuit, realizes modulation and emission to high frequency carrier.

3. the timing according to claim 1 device of signing is characterised in that: the signal receiving circuit of issuing an order mainly receives amplifying circuit by high-frequency modulation signal and audio decoder is formed; The signal of issuing an order that high-frequency modulation signal reception amplifying circuit will receive exports audio decoder to after amplifying processing, audio decoder output produces the control signal that picks up counting through trigger and phase inverter.

4. according to claim 1 or the 2 or 3 described timing device of signing, it is characterized in that: the runway terminal point is provided with multiple tracks pyroelectric sensor and modulate circuit, and the timing circuit correspondence is provided with multichannel independence timer; The output of pyroelectric sensor is after low pass is amplified adjustment, one the tunnel inputs to the in-phase input end of comparator, another road exports the inverting input of this comparator to through peak holding circuit, the output of comparator and the input of corresponding timer connect to control this timer, and the output of comparator also connects with interruption application circuit input end in A/D conversion and the single chip circuit by trigger so that send interruption application in sportsman's metastomium back of breasting the tape to single-chip microcomputer simultaneously.

5. the timing according to claim 4 device of signing is characterised in that: timing circuit adopts the timing integrated chip, constitutes multichannel independence timer, respectively every road runway is carried out independent timing; The comparator output terminal signal of issuing an order in the output end signal of signal wireless receiving circuit and each runway pyroelectric sensor modulate circuit is respectively a timer start-stop control signal, they

6. according to claim 1 or the 2 or 3 described timing device of signing, be characterised in that: interrupt application and remove circuit and the A/D change-over circuit comprises single chip circuit, interrupt the application circuit, frequency-halving circuit, bus driver, decoder, latch, A/D converter is adopted guarantor's device; Interrupt applying for that circuit is input as the interrupt request singal in each road, the external interrupt pin of single-chip microcomputer is received in its output; Adopt each road pyroelectric sensor that is input as of protecting device and amplify adjusted instantaneous voltage output through low pass, its output inserts the input of A/D converter; The output of A/D converter inserts microcontroller bus through bus driver, and the operating frequency of A/D converter is supplied with behind the frequency-halving circuit frequency division by the standard signal that single-chip microcomputer provides; The single-chip microcomputer address wire inserts the address wire of decoder and A/D converter, and the output of decoder cooperates the read-write control that realizes latch and A/D converter with the single-chip microcomputer corresponding control signal; Latch is input as the single-chip data line, and other circuit is received in its output, and each corresponding interrupt application and remove end and the clear terminal automatic clear with in time removing of realizing interrupting applying for and package unit.

7. according to claim 1 or the 2 or 3 described timing device of signing, be characterised in that: be provided with electronic display module circuit or printer, the single-chip data line inserts electronic display circuit or printer data line through bus driver, the single-chip microcomputer address wire inserts decoder, and the output of decoder cooperates the read-write control that realizes electronic display circuit or printer with the single-chip microcomputer corresponding control signal.

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