CN2458107Y - Electric radiation preheater for forging die - Google Patents
Electric radiation preheater for forging die Download PDFInfo
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- CN2458107Y CN2458107Y CN 00260166 CN00260166U CN2458107Y CN 2458107 Y CN2458107 Y CN 2458107Y CN 00260166 CN00260166 CN 00260166 CN 00260166 U CN00260166 U CN 00260166U CN 2458107 Y CN2458107 Y CN 2458107Y
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- silicon carbide
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- forging die
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Si] Chemical compound [C].[Si] HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种锻模的电辐射预热装置,用于对锻件模具的预热处理。本装置具有一个外形呈长方体的壳体,其中心部有一个矩形的辐射腔,沿辐射腔四周为中空的夹层,在辐射腔中安装有若干排电辐射加热元件—硅碳棒,壳体的外壁上安装有向夹层强制通风散热的风扇以及通风口。工作时将被预热模具的上下模夹住本装置,形成一封闭的腔体,用电辐射热直接加热模具。本装置结构简单合理,操作简单方便,安全洁净,容易实现自动控制。
The utility model relates to an electric radiation preheating device for a forging die, which is used for preheating the forging die. The device has a rectangular parallelepiped shell with a rectangular radiation cavity in the center and a hollow interlayer around the radiation cavity. A number of row electric radiation heating elements—silicon carbon rods are installed in the radiation cavity. Fans and vents for forced ventilation and heat dissipation to the interlayer are installed on the outer wall. When working, the device will be clamped by the upper and lower molds of the preheated mold to form a closed cavity, and the mold will be directly heated by electric radiation heat. The device has the advantages of simple and reasonable structure, simple and convenient operation, safety and cleanliness, and easy realization of automatic control.
Description
本实用新型属于锻件模具的预热处理装置。The utility model belongs to a preheating treatment device for forging moulds.
锻件模具在使用前一般要将模具内表面均匀预热到一定温度，以防止冷模具骤然接触高温锻件产生较大的热应力变形而损伤模具。同时受模具本身材料的耐温限制，模具内表面任意处的预热温度不能太高。现有的锻件模具预热方法是用燃油喷嘴或燃气喷嘴，由人工手动操作，直接加热模具表面。这种方法有绪多缺点：热利用率低，热均匀程度差；因采用人工操作有可能在模具表面局部产生过热损伤模具，也可能局部预热未达到要求；需要一定的场地放置储油罐或储气罐，有一定危险并对环境和设备有污染；不清楚模具吸收的热量以及表面所达到的温度，难以实现自动控制，只能凭人为感觉来控制。Before the forging mold is used, the inner surface of the mold should be uniformly preheated to a certain temperature to prevent the cold mold from suddenly contacting the high-temperature forging to cause large thermal stress deformation and damage the mold. At the same time, limited by the temperature resistance of the material of the mold itself, the preheating temperature at any part of the inner surface of the mold should not be too high. The existing forging mold preheating method is to directly heat the surface of the mold by manual operation with a fuel nozzle or a gas nozzle. This method has many disadvantages: low heat utilization rate and poor heat uniformity; due to manual operation, it may cause local overheating on the mold surface to damage the mold, or local preheating may not meet the requirements; a certain place is required to place the oil storage tank Or gas storage tanks, which are dangerous and pollute the environment and equipment; it is difficult to realize automatic control without knowing the heat absorbed by the mold and the temperature reached by the surface, and can only be controlled by human feeling.
本实用新型的任务是设计一种锻模的电辐射预热装置，以解决传统的燃油燃气预热模具所存在的问题。The task of the utility model is to design an electric radiation preheating device for a forging die to solve the problems existing in the traditional fuel gas preheating die.
本实用新型的技术方案是，设计了一个外形呈长方体的壳体，该壳体的中心部有一个上下面敞开的矩形的辐射腔，壳体中沿辐射腔四周为中空的夹层，在所说的辐射腔中自上至下安装有若干排电辐射加热元件-硅碳棒，每根硅碳棒架设于辐射腔的两内壁，其两电极端伸入壳体中空的夹层中，与置于该夹层中的电源线连接，使每排的硅碳棒均匀布列，相邻排的硅碳棒相互错列，在所说的壳体的外壁上安装有向夹层强制通风散热的风扇以及通风口。The technical scheme of the utility model is that a housing with a rectangular parallelepiped shape is designed, and the center of the housing has a rectangular radiation chamber with an open upper and lower sides, and a hollow interlayer is formed around the radiation chamber in the housing. Several rows of electric radiation heating elements-silicon carbide rods are installed from top to bottom in the radiation cavity. The power lines in the interlayer are connected so that the silicon carbide rods in each row are evenly arranged, and the silicon carbide rods in adjacent rows are staggered with each other. A fan for forced ventilation and heat dissipation to the interlayer and a ventilation mouth.
本装置的外形设计为长方体，可以使其长方形的横截面尺寸与被预热的模具尺寸一致，工作时将被预热的模具的上下模夹住本装置，使本装置的辐射腔与模具的腔体形成一封闭的腔体，用电辐射热直接加热模具，充分利用其电辐射热。The shape of the device is designed as a cuboid, so that the rectangular cross-sectional size can be consistent with the size of the preheated mold. When working, the upper and lower molds of the preheated mold will clamp the device, so that the radiation cavity of the device is in line with the mold. The cavity forms a closed cavity, and the mold is directly heated by electric radiant heat to make full use of its electric radiant heat.
本装置的辐射腔的内壁面可加工成抛光面，预热器工作时，它将电热元件的辐射热反射到预热模具表面，有利于提高模具的表面热吸收率，减少通过侧壁的散热损失，同时又降低辕射预热器内壁的温度。The inner wall surface of the radiation chamber of the device can be processed into a polished surface. When the preheater is working, it reflects the radiant heat of the electric heating element to the surface of the preheated mold, which is beneficial to improve the surface heat absorption rate of the mold and reduce heat dissipation through the side wall. Loss, and at the same time reduce the temperature of the inner wall of the refraction preheater.
所说的电辐射加热元件-硅碳棒可选用直径d＝8～25mm的规格。每排硅碳棒中相邻硅碳棒的间距以4d～8d为佳，而相邻排硅碳棒的间距可在2d～4d的范围内选取。Said electric radiation heating element-silicon carbide rod can be selected with a diameter of d=8-25mm. The distance between adjacent silicon carbide rods in each row of silicon carbide rods is preferably 4d to 8d, and the distance between adjacent rows of silicon carbide rods can be selected within the range of 2d to 4d.
硅碳棒作为非金属电加热元件有很高的表面热负荷，但它有老化现象：随使用时间增长，其电阻越来越大，最终不能使用。由于有电热元件电阻的变化现象，模具预热器的功率将随之变化，功率将越来越小。为解决这问题，本发明的硅碳棒电加热元件的电联接方式设计成可在星形联接与三角形联接互换的结构，用三相电源供电。即每排(任一排)硅碳棒加热元件均可通过一个转换开关实现由星形联接方式转换成三角形联接方式，或由三角形联接方式转换成星形联接方式。为此，设计每排硅碳棒电加热元件的数量N为3的倍数，排数M可按以下公式计算确定：M＝[P/P0/N](其中P为本预热装置的额定总功率，P0为每根硅碳棒的电热功率)。As a non-metallic electric heating element, a silicon carbide rod has a high surface heat load, but it has an aging phenomenon: as the use time increases, its resistance becomes larger and larger, and eventually it cannot be used. Due to the change phenomenon of the resistance of the electric heating element, the power of the mold preheater will change accordingly, and the power will become smaller and smaller. In order to solve this problem, the electrical connection mode of the silicon carbide rod electric heating element of the present invention is designed to be interchangeable between a star connection and a delta connection, and is powered by a three-phase power supply. That is, each row (any row) of silicon carbide rod heating elements can be converted from a star connection to a delta connection, or from a delta connection to a star connection, through a switch. For this reason, the number N of electric heating elements of each row of silicon carbide rods is designed to be a multiple of 3, and the number of rows M can be calculated and determined according to the following formula: M=[P/P 0 /N] (wherein P is the rated temperature of the preheating device Total power, P 0 is the electrothermal power of each silicon carbide rod).
本装置电热元件的电联接方式的实际的转换实施方案如下：The actual conversion implementation plan of the electrical connection mode of the heating element of this device is as follows:
当总的电热功率下降为P1＝[C0M/(1.98+M)]P时(P为预热器原总功率，M为硅碳棒电加热元件的排数，当M≤4时C＝1.2；当C＞4时C＝1.1)，将某一排硅碳棒电加热元件由星形联接方式转换成三角形联接方式(该排的端电压由220V转变成380V)，经转换后预热器的总功率由P1提高到C0P。When the total electric heating power drops to P1=[C 0 M/(1.98+M)]P (P is the original total power of the preheater, M is the number of rows of silicon carbon rod electric heating elements, when M≤4, C =1.2; when C>4, C=1.1), a certain row of silicon carbide rod electric heating elements is converted from a star connection to a delta connection (the terminal voltage of the row is changed from 220V to 380V), after conversion The total power of the heater is increased from P1 to C 0 P.
当总的电热功率下降为P2＝[C0(M+1.98)/(1.98×2+M)]P时，再将一排硅碳棒电加热元件由星形联接方式转换成三角形联接方式，经转换后预热器的总功率由P2提高到C0P。When the total electric heating power drops to P2=[C 0 (M+1.98)/(1.98×2+M)]P, then convert a row of silicon carbide rod electric heating elements from star connection to delta connection, After conversion, the total power of the preheater is increased from P2 to C 0 P.
以此类推，直到全部的电热元件都转换成三角形联接方式。By analogy, until all the heating elements are converted into a delta connection.
本实用新型结构简单合理，与传统的燃油燃气喷嘴预热模具的技术相比，具有安全洁净，对环境及设备无污染，加热功率、模具表面温度等技术指标能明确显示，实现自动控制，且操作简单方便等优点。The structure of the utility model is simple and reasonable. Compared with the traditional fuel gas nozzle preheating mold technology, it is safe and clean, has no pollution to the environment and equipment, and technical indicators such as heating power and mold surface temperature can be clearly displayed to realize automatic control. The advantages of simple and convenient operation.
本装置热利用率可达到或超过95％，远高于使用燃油和燃气喷嘴技术。The heat utilization rate of the device can reach or exceed 95%, which is much higher than the technology using fuel oil and gas nozzles.
图1为本实用新型实施方式的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model embodiment;
图2为图1的A-A向剖视图；Fig. 2 is the A-A direction sectional view of Fig. 1;
图3为本装置对模具进行预热的示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the device preheating the mold.
以下结合附图对本实用新型实施方式的结构细节作进一步的详细说明：Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the structural details of the embodiment of the present utility model are described in further detail:
如图1、图2所示，本锻模的电辐射预热装置由钢板构成一个长方体形的壳体1，包括外壁2和内壁3，内壁3构成一个截面为矩形的辐射腔4，辐射腔4的内壁面3为抛光面，内、外壁之间设置有作电源接线的中空夹层5，在辐射腔中安装有4排硅碳棒电辐射加热元件6，每排有9根均匀布列的硅碳棒电辐射加热元件6，相邻排的硅碳棒相互错列，所说的硅碳棒中间为发热段，两端为冷却段，在冷却段上套有陶瓷管绝缘穿过内壁3，用上下两个管夹7和螺栓螺母8固定，硅碳棒中间的发热段在辐射腔中向模具辐射热量。本装置的外壁2上安装有风扇9和通风口10，对夹层5中的电气元件进行强制通风冷却。图3显示了被预热的模具的上下模11、12夹住本装置，进行模具预热的作用模式。As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the electric radiation preheating device of this forging die is composed of steel plates to form a
Claims (6)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00260166 CN2458107Y (en) | 2000-12-27 | 2000-12-27 | Electric radiation preheater for forging die |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 00260166 CN2458107Y (en) | 2000-12-27 | 2000-12-27 | Electric radiation preheater for forging die |
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| CN2458107Y true CN2458107Y (en) | 2001-11-07 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101743077B (en) * | 2007-07-10 | 2011-07-13 | V&M德国有限公司 | Forging mandrel for hot-forging tubular workpieces of metal |
| CN105251801A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2016-01-20 | 沈坤龙 | A heating device for an extrusion die |
| CN106077385A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-11-09 | 第拖拉机股份有限公司 | A kind of detachable electric radiation formula forging die heater and method for determining size |
-
2000
- 2000-12-27 CN CN 00260166 patent/CN2458107Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101743077B (en) * | 2007-07-10 | 2011-07-13 | V&M德国有限公司 | Forging mandrel for hot-forging tubular workpieces of metal |
| CN105251801A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2016-01-20 | 沈坤龙 | A heating device for an extrusion die |
| CN105251801B (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2017-05-17 | 东莞市明洲五金有限公司 | A heating device for an extrusion die |
| CN107442593A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2017-12-08 | 宁建凯 | A kind of heater of extrusion die |
| CN106077385A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-11-09 | 第拖拉机股份有限公司 | A kind of detachable electric radiation formula forging die heater and method for determining size |
| CN106077385B (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2022-10-11 | 第一拖拉机股份有限公司 | Detachable electric radiation type forging die heating device and size determination method |
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