Narrow gauge bogie and ultra-low flat transport vehicle
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of flat cars, and particularly relates to a narrow-gauge bogie and an ultralow flat-plate transport vehicle, in particular to an ultralow flat-plate transport vehicle for tunnel construction.
Background
Flat-bed vehicles are used in the process of tunneling construction, and generally comprise a flat-bed vehicle and two bogies on the underside thereof. The patent with the application number of CN201510522120.2 discloses a track-type carrying flat car with a small radius curve steering, which comprises a car body, wherein a fixed support is arranged at the bottom of the car body, traction devices are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the car body, the length of the car body is 0.5-0.7 mm, the wheelbase of the car body is 3500-3900mm, a bogie and a braking device are also included, the bogie is arranged at the bottom of the car body and connected with the car body, and the wheelbase between two adjacent wheel pairs in the bogie is 800-1200mm, and the braking device is arranged at the bottom of the car body and is fixed at the bottom of the car body through the fixed support.
The straight line gauge of the railways of various countries in the world is 1435mm of standard gauge, the wide gauge larger than 1435mm such as 1676mm, 1524mm, 1520mm and the like, and the narrow gauge smaller than 1435mm such as 1067mm, 1000mm, 762mm, 600mm and the like. But currently railway freight car trucks are mostly trucks with standard gauges of 1435 mm. The structure of the existing bogie (mainly standard rail) is as follows:
The railway wagon bogie comprises a swing bolster, side frames, wheel pairs and bearing saddles, wherein the swing bolster is an interlayer box body and is transversely arranged between main shafts of the two pairs of wheel pairs, the side frames are symmetrically arranged on the outer sides of the wheel pairs and are connected with an axle in a compression fit mode through bearings on the bearing saddles, the upper end face of the middle of the swing bolster is a plane area provided with a center plate, the height of the upper end face of the middle is lower than the height of upper planes of two ends of the swing bolster, symmetrical side bearing boxes are respectively arranged on the upper planes of the two ends, and the height of the bottom surface inside the side bearing boxes is lower than the height of the upper planes of the two ends.
The utility model discloses a standard rail high alloy bogie as in the patent of application number CN20151083732. X, including the center pin, the wheel set is constituteed, the axle box is constituteed, the side bearer, axle box spring device, the axle box layer board, lower side bearing, the axletree, the bolster, lower heart dish and nut, the wheel set is constituteed and is the walking position of bogie, contact with the rail, the axle box is constituteed through the axle box layer board and is installed on the wheel set constitution, the wheel set constitution is connected integratively with the guide frame that sets up on the side bearer, the axle box spring device sets up on the antifriction bearing of wheel set constitution, be fixed in the intermediate position of wheel set constitution through the guide frame of side bearer, be provided with a plurality of spring in the axle box spring device, the axle box spring device position sets up on the bolster of side bearer bottom, this bolster is located the axletree centre that sets up on the wheel set constitution, be provided with lower heart dish in the bolster intermediate section, lower heart dish is fixed on the bolster through the nut.
The utility model provides a 21t axle load 1600mm track gauge bogie, including front and back wheel pair is constituteed, the side bearer is constituteed, the bolster is constituteed, the excircle spring, the interior circle spring, arresting gear, lower heart dish, elasticity side bearing, the both ends guide frame of side bearer passes through the loading saddle and antifriction bearing device installs on the front and back wheel pair is constituteed, the both ends of bolster constitution are installed in the spring-bearing platform of side bearer constitution through spring damping device, the bolster in the bolster constitution adopts side bearing box interval a to be 1270 mm's bolster, bolster and lower heart dish foundry structure as an organic whole, and lower heart dish diameter is phi 375mm, the interior diameter is the manganese steel heart dish wearing disc of phi 355mm in the heart dish.
With the development of modern tunneling construction conditions, the smaller the excavation diameter is, the smaller the cross-sectional space reserved for horizontal transportation is, but extremely pursuing for construction period, extremely compressed dimensions are required for a flat-bed transport vehicle (the height of the existing flat-bed transport vehicle is usually about 600mm and the width is more than 1500 mm) in construction to reserve the maximum space for transporting materials. The width of the flat transport vehicle itself is required to be narrow, the bogie is of a narrow gauge structure, and the height of the bogie combined with the vehicle body is low. The structures of the flatbed and the bogie need to be adjusted to realize the ultra-low flatbed.
Disclosure of utility model
In order to solve the problems, the embodiment of the utility model provides a narrow-gauge bogie and an ultra-low flat-plate transport vehicle, wherein the height of the flat-plate transport vehicle is adjusted to be 400mm from about 600mm in the prior art. The technical scheme is as follows:
On one hand, the embodiment of the utility model provides a narrow-gauge bogie, which comprises two side frames 7 arranged side by side left and right, a swing bolster 8 arranged along the left and right directions, two wheel pairs 9 on the side frames 7, a center plate structure 10 in the middle of the upper side of the swing bolster 8, two lower side bearings 11 on the upper side of the swing bolster 8 and springs 12 between two ends of the swing bolster 8 and the side frames 7 on the corresponding side, wherein the middle of the swing bolster 8 is bent downwards to form a lower concave part 13, the plane of the top of the swing bolster is positioned below the center beam 2 of the flat-bed truck, the two lower side bearings 11 are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the swing bolster 8 and are respectively positioned at the outer sides of the side frames 7 on the corresponding side, the rail wheels of the wheel pairs 9 are positioned at the outer sides of the side frames 7 on the corresponding side and are positioned at the inner sides of the side beams 3 on the corresponding side of the flat-bed truck, the center plate structure 10 is arranged on the lower concave part 13, and the wheel pairs 9 have a vehicle axle distance of 700-950mm.
The two side frames 7 are respectively positioned at the outer sides of the left side and the right side of the middle beam 2, the middle parts of the two side frames are respectively provided with swing bolster holes for the swing bolster 8 to pass through, the two wheel sets 9 are arranged front and back side by side and are respectively arranged at the front part and the rear part of the two side frames 7, the swing bolster 8 comprises a lower concave part 13 in the middle part and horizontal parts at two ends, the lower concave part 13 comprises a horizontal installation surface horizontally arranged at the left side and the right side and inclined transition sections at two ends of the horizontal installation surface, the inclined transition sections are obliquely upwards arranged from inside to outside, the heart disk structure 10 is fixed on the horizontal installation surface, the horizontal parts are horizontally arranged at the left side and the right side and outwards pass through swing bolster holes at the corresponding sides, springs 12 are arranged between the lower sides of the outer ends of the horizontal parts and the bottoms of the side frames 7, and the springs 12 are vertically arranged and are positioned at the outer sides of the side frames 7 at the corresponding sides.
Preferably, the lower side bearing 11 in the embodiment of the present utility model is a metal block disposed in the front-rear direction, which is detachably fixed to the horizontal portion by bolts.
Preferably, the lower side of the swing bolster 8 in the embodiment of the present utility model is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs 15 in a staggered manner, wherein one part of the reinforcing ribs 15 are arranged side by side in front of and behind the other part of the reinforcing ribs 15 are arranged side by side in the left-right direction.
Further, the bogie in the embodiment of the utility model further comprises two braking systems 16, the two braking systems 16 are arranged side by side left and right and are respectively arranged at the front ends or the rear ends of the two side frames 7, the front ends or the rear ends of the side frames 7 are outwards bent to form bending parts 17, the braking systems 16 are fixed at the end parts of the bending parts 17, and the inner sides of the side beams 3 are provided with clearance gaps 6 corresponding to the braking systems 16.
The braking system 16 in the embodiment of the utility model is arranged at one end of the side frame 7 near the middle of the flat-bed transport vehicle and comprises a fixed seat 61 arranged in the left-right direction, a braking part 62 arranged on the fixed seat 61 and arranged in the front-back direction, a boom installation part 63 arranged at the lower part of the fixed seat 61, a vertically arranged boom 64, a brake shoe 65 hinged at the middle part of the boom 64 and a long round hole 66 arranged at the upper part of the boom 64, wherein the fixed seat 61 is arranged at the outer side of the end part of the bending part 17, the braking part 62 is arranged at one side of the fixed seat 61 far from the side frame 7 and the telescopic rod of the braking part is hinged with the boom 64 through a pin shaft penetrating through the long round hole 66, the boom installation part 63 is arranged at one side of the fixed seat 61 near the side frame 7, the brake shoe 65 is arranged at one side of the boom 64 far from the braking part 62 and is positioned at the adjacent front or adjacent back of the corresponding side rail wheel, and the lower end of the boom 64 is rotatably arranged at the boom installation part 63.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the utility model also provides an ultra-low flat-plate transport vehicle, which comprises a flat vehicle arranged along the front-back direction and the two bogies, wherein the flat vehicle comprises a vehicle body 1, a middle beam 2, two side beams 3 and two end plates 4, wherein the lower side of the middle beam 2 is provided with an upper concave part 18, the front part and the rear part of the lower side are both concave upwards, the two bogies are respectively arranged on the two upper concave parts 18, the rail wheels of the wheel pair 9 are positioned on the inner sides of the side beams 3 on the corresponding sides, the middle beam 2 is positioned between the two side frames 7 and is positioned above the adjacent plane of the top of the swing bolster 8, and the heart disc structure 10 is arranged between the lower concave part 13 and the upper concave part 18.
The middle beam 2 is arranged at the center line of the lower side of the vehicle body 1 and is arranged along the front and rear directions, the two side beams 3 are respectively arranged at the left and right ends of the lower side of the vehicle body 1 and are respectively arranged along the front and rear directions, the two end plates 4 are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the lower side of the vehicle body 1 and are respectively arranged along the left and right directions, the cross beams 5 are arranged between the left and right sides of the middle beam 2 and the side beams 3 at the corresponding sides along the left and right directions, the cross beams 5 at the same side are arranged in parallel front and rear directions and are respectively arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body 1, the upper side bearings 14 are correspondingly arranged right above the lower side bearings 11, and the upper side bearings 14 are fixedly welded at the lower side of the vehicle body 1.
Further, in the embodiment of the utility model, the upper concave part 18 and the middle part of the middle beam 2 are in inclined plane transition to form a fish belly structure, and the depth of the upper concave part 18 is 80-130mm.
Specifically, the height of the flat-bed transport vehicle in the embodiment of the utility model is 380-450mm, the width thereof is 1300-1500mm, and the distance between the plane where the top of the swing bolster 8 is positioned and the center sill 2 is 8-20mm.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the utility model has the beneficial effects that the narrow-gauge bogie and the ultra-low flat-plate transport vehicle are provided, the height of the flat-plate transport vehicle is adjusted to be about 400mm from about 600mm in the prior art, correspondingly, the track adopts a narrow-gauge track, the structure of the narrow-gauge bogie and the structure of the middle beam are both adjusted, and the width of the flat-plate transport vehicle is adjusted to be about 1400mm from more than 1500 mm.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a narrow gauge bogie in an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a narrow gauge bogie;
FIG. 3 is a bottom schematic view of a narrow gauge bogie;
FIG. 4 is a front view of a narrow gauge bogie;
FIG. 5 is a dimensioning of a narrow gauge bogie;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an ultra-low flatbed transport vehicle according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 7 is a side view of an ultra-low flatbed;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 7 at a narrow gauge bogie;
FIG. 9 is a dimension of the length of the ultra-low flatbed;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 6;
FIG. 11 is a dimension of the width of an ultra-low flatbed.
In the figure, a vehicle body 1, a middle beam 2, a side beam 3, an end plate 4, a cross beam 5, a clearance gap 6, a side frame 7, a swing bolster 8, a wheel set 9, a center plate structure 10, a lower side bearing 11, a spring 12, a lower concave part 13, an upper side bearing 14, a reinforcing rib 15, a braking system 16, a bending part 17 and an upper concave part 18 are arranged;
61 fixing seat, 62 braking part, 63 suspender mounting part, 64 suspender, 65 brake shoe, 66 oblong hole.
Detailed Description
The present utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, for the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-5, embodiment 1 provides a narrow gauge bogie comprising a bolster 8, a heart plate structure 10, two side frames 7, two wheelsets 9, two lower side bearings 11, two sets of springs 12, and two or four braking systems 16, among others. The two side frames 7 are arranged side by side left and right and are respectively positioned at the outer sides of the left side and the right side of the middle beam 2, and are all arranged along the front and the rear directions, and the middle parts of the two side frames are all provided with swing bolster holes for the swing bolster 8 to pass through. The swing bolster 8 is arranged along the left-right direction, is positioned between two wheel pairs 9, and is downwards bent at the middle part to form a concave part 13 (the bending depth is to ensure that the plane where the top of the swing bolster 8 is positioned below the middle beam 2 of the flat-bed transport vehicle adjacently, specifically, the distance between the plane where the top of the swing bolster 8 is positioned and the middle beam 2 is 8-20 mm), the plane where the top is positioned below the middle beam 2 of the flat-bed transport vehicle adjacently, and the left end and the right end of the swing bolster penetrate through swing bolster holes on the corresponding sides. The two wheel sets 9 are arranged side by side in front of and behind the two side frames 7, respectively, and are arranged in the left-right direction. The rail wheels of the wheel set 9 are positioned outside the side frames 7 on the corresponding sides, are positioned on the inner sides of the side beams 3 on the corresponding sides of the flat-bed transport vehicle, and have a vehicle axle distance of 700-950mm. The two lower side bearings 11 are respectively provided on the upper sides of the left and right ends of the bolster 8, and are respectively located on the outer sides of the side frames 7 on the corresponding sides. The heart disk structure 10 is arranged on the lower concave part 13, is vertically arranged and is positioned at the middle point of the swing bolster 8, and comprises a lower heart disk (fixed on the lower concave part 13), an upper heart disk (fixed on the lower side of the middle beam 2), a pin shaft and the like. The two sets of springs 12 are respectively disposed between the end (left end or right end) of the bolster 8 and the bottom of the corresponding side frame 7, and are vertically disposed outside the corresponding side frame 7. In the case of two brake systems 16, one brake system 16 is provided at each of the front and rear ends of the side frame 7. In the case of four brake systems 16, one brake system 16 is provided at each of the front and rear ends of the side frame 7. The braking system 16 is provided in cooperation with the wheel set, in accordance with the prior art.
The swing bolster 8 in the embodiment of the utility model includes a concave portion 13 in the middle and horizontal portions at two ends, the concave portion 13 includes a horizontal mounting surface horizontally arranged along the left-right direction and inclined transition sections at two ends thereof, the inclined transition sections are obliquely arranged upwards from inside to outside, and a heart disk structure 10 (specifically, a lower heart disk) is fixed on the horizontal mounting surface. The horizontal part is horizontally arranged along the left and right directions, outwards passes through the swing bolster holes on the corresponding sides, and a spring 12 is arranged between the lower side of the outer end of the horizontal part and the bottom of the side frame 7.
Preferably, the lower side bearing 11 in the embodiment of the present utility model is a metal block disposed in the front-rear direction (due to the limited installation position, the structure of the lower side bearing 11 is simple), which is detachably fixed to the horizontal portion by bolts (specifically, two bolts are disposed side by side in front of and behind). During maintenance, the side bearing 11 can be detached first, and then the swing bolster 8 and the side frame 7 are detached.
Preferably, the lower side of the swing bolster 8 in the embodiment of the present utility model is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs 15 in a staggered manner to improve the strength of the swing bolster 8, wherein one part of the reinforcing ribs 15 are arranged side by side in front of and behind the other part of the reinforcing ribs 15 are arranged side by side in the left-right direction.
Preferably, one end of the side frame 7 provided with the brake system 16 is lengthened relative to the other end, the rotation angle of the bogie is reduced due to the influence of the center sill 2 and the side frame 7, and the end of the side frame 7 provided with the brake system 16 is bent toward the outside to form a bent portion 17. Meanwhile, a clearance gap 6 is arranged at the inner side of the side beam 3 and at a position corresponding to the braking system 16 so as to ensure the rotation angle of the bogie.
The braking system 16 in the embodiment of the present utility model includes a fixed seat 61 disposed in a left-right direction, a braking portion 62 disposed on the fixed seat 61 and disposed in a front-rear direction, a boom mounting portion 63 disposed at a lower portion of the fixed seat 61, a vertically disposed boom 64, a brake shoe 65 hinged at a middle portion of the boom 64 (through a left-right rotation axis), a slotted hole 66 disposed at an upper portion of the boom 64 and disposed vertically, and the like, the fixed seat 61 is disposed at an outer side of an end portion of the bending portion 17, the braking portion 62 is disposed at a side of the fixed seat 61 away from the side frame 7, and a telescopic rod thereof is hinged with the boom 64 through a pin passing through the slotted hole 66 (through the left-right rotation axis), and the boom mounting portion 63 is disposed at a side of the fixed seat 61 near the side frame 7. The brake shoes 65 are disposed in the fore-and-aft direction on the side of the boom 64 remote from the brake 62, either adjacent forward or adjacent rearward of the rail wheel on the corresponding side. The lower end of the boom 64 is rotatably provided (via a rotation axis in the left-right direction) to the boom attachment portion 63.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1-5, embodiment 2 provides a narrow gauge bogie having a structure substantially identical to that of embodiment 1, except that the number of brake systems 16 in this embodiment is two. The two braking systems 16 are arranged side by side left and right and are respectively arranged at the front ends or the rear ends of the two side frames 7, the front ends or the rear ends of the side frames 7 are outwards bent to form bending parts 17, and the braking systems 16 are fixed at the ends of the bending parts 17.
Example 3
Embodiment 3 provides a narrow gauge bogie having substantially the same structure as that of embodiment 1 except that the number of brake systems 16 in this embodiment is four. The front and rear ends of the two side frames 7 are respectively bent outwards to form bending parts 17 (four bending parts), and four braking systems 16 are respectively arranged at the end parts of the four bending parts 17.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 1-5, embodiment 4 provides a narrow gauge bogie having a structure substantially the same as that of embodiment 2, except that the brake system 16 of this embodiment is provided at one end of the side frame 7 near the middle of the flatbed for the convenience of piping.
Example 5
Referring to fig. 5, embodiment 5 provides a narrow gauge bogie having substantially the same structure as that of embodiment 1 except that the wheelset 9 in this embodiment has a wheelbase of 900mm. The distance between the two side frames 7 is 520mm.
Example 6
Referring to fig. 1 to 11, embodiment 6 provides an ultra-low flat transport vehicle comprising a flat car arranged in the front-rear direction and two bogies and the like disclosed in embodiment 1, wherein the flat car comprises a car body 1 and a center sill 2, two side sills 3, two end plates 4, two coupler seats and the like at the lower side of the car body. The center sill 2 is disposed at a center line of a lower side of the vehicle body 1, and is disposed in a front-rear direction, and a front portion and a rear portion of the lower side are recessed upward to form an upper concave portion 18. The two side beams 3 are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the lower side of the vehicle body 1 and are respectively arranged along the front-back direction, and the two end plates 4 are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the lower side of the vehicle body 1 and are respectively arranged along the left-right direction. The cross beams 5 are arranged between the left side and the right side of the middle beam 2 and the side beams 3 on the corresponding sides along the left-right direction, and the cross beams 5 on the same side are arranged side by side from front to back and are all arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body 1. An upper side bearing 14 is correspondingly arranged right above the lower side bearing 11, and the upper side bearing 14 (specifically, a metal block matched with the lower side bearing 11) is welded and fixed on the lower side of the vehicle body 1. The two bogies are respectively arranged on the two upper concave parts 18, and the rail wheels of the wheel pair 9 are positioned on the inner sides of the side beams 3 on the corresponding sides. The center sill 2 is located between two side frames 7 that are located adjacent above the plane of the top of the bolster 8. The heart disk structure 10 is disposed between the lower recess 13 and the upper recess 18.
Further, in the embodiment of the present utility model, the upper concave portion 18 and the middle portion of the center sill 2 are transited by an inclined plane (the inclined plane of the front portion is inclined upward from back to front, and the inclined plane of the rear portion is inclined upward from front to back) to form a fish belly structure, and the depth of the upper concave portion 18 is 80-130mm.
Specifically, the flat-bed transport vehicle in the embodiment of the utility model has the height of 380-450mm and the width of 1300-1500mm. The distance between the plane where the top of the swing bolster 8 is positioned and the middle beam 2 is 8-20mm.
Example 7
Referring to fig. 9 and 11, embodiment 7 provides an ultra-low flatbed transport vehicle having a structure substantially the same as that of embodiment 6, except that the flatbed transport vehicle in the embodiment of the present utility model has a height of 400mm and a width of 1400mm. The distance between the plane of the top of the swing bolster 8 and the center sill 2 is 10mm. The thickness of the center sill 2 is 240mm and the thickness at the upper concave portion 18 is 133mm.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the utility model is not intended to limit the utility model to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the utility model are intended to be included within the scope of the utility model.