CN222819920U

CN222819920U - Charging System

Info

Publication number: CN222819920U
Application number: CN202520235765.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨乐; 李清; 邢艳青; 汪鹏敏; 李金奎; 叶伟达; 张凯文; 李忠宏; 余东旭; 吴凯
Original assignee: Shenzhen Times Future Energy Technology Co ltd; Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Times Future Energy Technology Co ltd; Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2025-02-14
Filing date: 2025-02-14
Publication date: 2025-05-02
Anticipated expiration: 2035-02-14

Abstract

The present application discloses a charging system. The charging system includes: a battery device for storing electrical energy; a charging connector electrically connected to the battery device for charging the device to be charged; and a thermal management system including a first heat exchange flow path, a second heat exchange flow path and a cold storage flow path; wherein the first heat exchange flow path includes a first heat exchanger for heat exchange with the battery device, the cold storage flow path is connected to the first heat exchange flow path in a switchable connection and disconnection manner, the cold storage flow path includes a cold storage container and a phase change component, the cold storage container is filled with a heat exchange medium, the phase change component is located in the cold storage container, and the phase change component is used to absorb or release the cold of the heat exchange medium. By setting the phase change component in the cold storage container, the energy consumption of the charging system can be reduced, and the charging system can be made to operate more stably and reliably.

Description

Charging system

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of charging, in particular to a charging system.

Background

With the increasing increase of environmental pollution, the new energy industry is receiving more and more attention. In the new energy industry, battery technology is an important factor in its development. The rechargeable battery can activate the active material to continue to use in a charging mode after discharging, and has wide application prospects in the fields of electric automobiles and the like. The electric automobile uses a battery as power and needs to be charged frequently. How a charging station can charge the battery of an electric vehicle and how to perform thermal management of the charging station better becomes an important research direction.

Disclosure of utility model

In view of the above, the present application provides a charging system that can absorb and store the cold energy of a heat exchange medium by a cold storage container and release the cold energy when discharging a large current.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a charging system comprising:

Battery means for storing electrical energy;

a charging connector electrically connected with the battery device for charging the equipment to be charged, and

The thermal management system comprises a first heat exchange flow path, a second heat exchange flow path and a cold accumulation flow path;

The first heat exchange flow path comprises a first heat exchanger used for carrying out heat exchange with the battery device, the cold accumulation flow path is connected with the first heat exchange flow path, the cold accumulation flow path comprises a cold accumulation container and a phase change component, the cold accumulation container is suitable for being filled with heat exchange media, the phase change component is positioned in the cold accumulation container, the phase change component is used for absorbing or releasing cold energy of the heat exchange media, and the second heat exchange flow path comprises a second heat exchanger used for carrying out heat exchange with the charging connector.

In this embodiment, the charging system has a charging connector and a battery device, and is capable of storing energy by the battery device when the power demand or electricity price is low and being used for charging the power battery when the power demand or electricity price is high, thereby reducing the operation cost of the charging system and reducing the load of the power grid. For the charging system, the first heat exchange flow path and the second heat exchange flow path are arranged to exchange heat with the battery device and the charging connector through the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger respectively so as to effectively meet the heat management requirements of the charging connector and the battery device, meanwhile, the phase change parts in the cold storage container can be used for storing and releasing cold according to different requirements, the cold storage container can store cold according to the self requirements of the charging system, such as when the charging system does not discharge with large current, the cold storage container can release cold when the charging system discharges with large current, and the phase change parts in the cold storage container can adjust the liquid supply temperature of the first heat exchange flow path according to different discharging working conditions of the charging system, so that the liquid supply temperature is more stable, and the energy consumption can be reduced.

In some embodiments, the phase change component includes a thermally conductive housing having a closed containment cavity filled with a phase change layer.

The heat conduction shell isolates the phase change layer from the heat exchange medium, especially is influenced by the ambient temperature, the phase change layer is likely to generate phase change (solid-liquid conversion), the setting of the shell can reduce the condition that the phase change layer is mixed into the cold accumulation container, and meanwhile, the liquid can reduce the condition that the phase change layer reacts with the heat exchange medium, so that the phase change part is likely to absorb and release cold more reliably.

In some embodiments, the number of phase change elements is a plurality, the plurality of phase change elements being spaced apart.

The plurality of phase change parts are arranged at intervals, so that the heat exchange medium can be fully contacted with the phase change parts, and more cold energy can be absorbed or released.

In some embodiments, the thermal management system further comprises a first switching mechanism through which the second heat exchange flow path is connected to the first heat exchange flow path, the first switching mechanism being configured to perform a switching operation to place the second heat exchange flow path in communication with the first heat exchange flow path via the first switching mechanism or to disconnect the second heat exchange flow path from communication with the first heat exchange flow path via the first switching mechanism.

The first switching mechanism is used for connecting or disconnecting the second heat exchange flow path with the first heat exchange flow path, so that different heat exchange flow paths can be formed, the thermal management requirements of the charging connector and the battery device can be effectively met, and the flexibility of thermal management requirement configuration is improved.

In some embodiments, the thermal management system further comprises a compression refrigeration cycle including an evaporator having an internal heat exchange flow passage connected with the first heat exchange flow passage by a third switching mechanism so as to communicate the internal heat exchange flow passage with the first heat exchange flow passage via the third switching mechanism or to disconnect the communication relationship of the internal heat exchange flow passage with the first heat exchange flow passage via the third switching mechanism by a switching operation of the third switching mechanism.

In this embodiment, by switching the third switching mechanism, the internal heat exchange flow passage is connected to the first heat exchange flow passage via the third switching mechanism, or the connection relationship between the internal heat exchange flow passage and the first heat exchange flow passage via the third switching mechanism is disconnected, so that the heat management efficiency realized by the first heat exchange flow passage can be improved by using the compression refrigeration cycle circuit, and by switching the third switching mechanism, different heat exchange medium cycle circuits can be formed, thereby improving the configuration flexibility for different heat management requirements.

In some embodiments, the first heat exchange flow path is configured to form a heat exchange circuit with at least a portion of the internal heat exchange flow path when the third switching mechanism is switched to the communication state.

In this embodiment, by switching operation of the third switching mechanism, the internal heat exchange flow passage communicates with the first heat exchange flow passage via the third switching mechanism, it is possible to form a circulation circuit of the heat exchange medium with at least part of the first heat exchange flow passage and the internal heat exchange flow passage, and when the compression refrigeration circulation circuit is started, the cooling capacity generated by the compression refrigeration circulation circuit is supplied to the first heat exchange flow passage by heat exchange between the refrigerant circulating in the compression refrigeration circulation circuit and the heat exchange medium flowing through the internal heat exchange flow passage. The compression refrigeration cycle loop can achieve higher refrigeration efficiency, the temperature of a heat exchange medium flowing in the first heat exchange flow path can be effectively reduced through the cold energy transferred to the first heat exchange flow path, the cooling capacity of the loop where the first heat exchange flow path is located is improved, and the heat management efficiency achieved by the first heat exchange flow path is improved.

In some embodiments, the third switching mechanism and the first switching mechanism comprise a switching valve implementation, respectively, or the third switching mechanism and the first switching mechanism are connected to form a three-way valve.

In this embodiment, for the third switching mechanism and the first switching mechanism which are mutually communicated, they may be implemented by switching valves, so that control independence of each switching mechanism may be improved, maintenance may be facilitated, and they may also be implemented together by three-way valves, which is advantageous in simplifying piping arrangement to save space and cost, and in simplifying control logic and improving control reliability.

In some embodiments, the thermal management system further comprises a third heat exchange flow path further comprising a third heat exchanger, the third heat exchange flow path being connected in parallel with the second heat exchange flow path and with the first heat exchange flow path through a first switching mechanism, the first switching mechanism being configured to perform a switching operation to place the third heat exchange flow path in communication with the first heat exchange flow path via the first switching mechanism or to disconnect the third heat exchange flow path from communication with the first heat exchange flow path via the first switching mechanism.

In this embodiment, the third heat exchange flow path including the third heat exchanger is connected in parallel with the second heat exchange flow path and connected with the first heat exchange flow path through the first switching mechanism, so that different heat exchange medium circulation loops can be formed according to different thermal management requirements through the switching operation of the first switching mechanism.

In some embodiments, the first heat exchange flow path is configured to form a heat exchange circuit with at least a portion of the third heat exchange flow path when the first switching mechanism is switched to the connected state.

When the first switching mechanism is switched to the communication state, the third heat exchange flow path is communicated with the first heat exchange flow path through the first switching mechanism, so that a heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange flow path can flow into the third heat exchange flow path to exchange heat through the third heat exchanger, and another circulation loop comprising at least part of the first heat exchange flow path and the third heat exchange flow path (or further comprising the second heat exchange flow path) can be formed to meet the heat management requirement of the battery device and the charging connector.

In some embodiments, the thermal management system further comprises a compression refrigeration cycle loop and a third switching mechanism, the compression refrigeration cycle loop comprising a condenser and an evaporator, the evaporator having an internal heat exchange flow path connected to the first heat exchange flow path by the third switching mechanism, the thermal management system further comprising a fan acting on the condenser and the third heat exchanger.

In this embodiment, the compression refrigeration cycle circuit and the third heat exchange flow path may provide different degrees of cooling capacity, and consumed energy sources are also different, and under different working conditions, according to the actual switching operation of the first switching mechanism and the third switching mechanism, the requirements of improving the heat management efficiency or reducing the energy consumption and the like are met, so that the adaptability of the heat management system to the working conditions is improved.

In some embodiments, the thermal management system further comprises a second switching mechanism through which one end of the cold storage flow path is connected to the first heat exchange flow path, the second switching mechanism being configured to perform a switching operation to place the cold storage flow path in communication with the first heat exchange flow path via the second switching mechanism or to disconnect the cold storage flow path from the first heat exchange flow path via the second switching mechanism.

In this embodiment, the cold storage flow path including the cold storage container is connected to the first heat exchange flow path through the second switching mechanism, so that the cold storage container can store cold energy, so that the cooling requirement can be met by releasing the cold energy in the scene of the thermal management requirement such as the requirement of rapid cooling of the battery device, etc., the running reliability of the charging system is improved, and the energy consumption of the system can be reduced.

In some embodiments, the first heat exchange flow path further comprises a first pump, the thermal management system further comprises a heat exchange bypass connected in parallel with the heat exchange bypass, one end of the heat exchange bypass being in communication with the inlet of the first pump, the other end of the heat exchange bypass being connected to the first heat exchange flow path by the fourth switching mechanism, the fourth switching mechanism being configured to perform a switching operation to place the heat exchange bypass in communication with the first heat exchange flow path via the fourth switching mechanism, or to disconnect the heat exchange bypass from communication with the first heat exchange flow path via the fourth switching mechanism.

In this embodiment, the first pump may drive the first heat exchange flow path to flow, and the circulation circuit may be formed when the first heat exchange flow path communicates with the other flow path. One end of the heat exchange bypass is communicated with the inlet of the first pump, and when the fourth switching mechanism is switched to enable the heat exchange bypass to be communicated with the first heat exchange flow path through the fourth switching mechanism, the first pump can drive a heat exchange medium to pass through the heat exchange bypass, so that the requirements of reducing flow resistance and simplifying a circulation loop are met under some working conditions.

In some embodiments, the cold storage flow path is configured to form a heat exchange circuit with the cold storage flow path and the heat exchange bypass path of a portion of the first heat exchange flow path that does not include the first heat exchanger when both the second switching mechanism and the fourth switching mechanism are switched to the on state, or to form a heat exchange circuit with the cold storage flow path of a portion of the first heat exchange flow path that includes the first heat exchanger when the second switching mechanism is switched to the on state and the fourth switching mechanism is switched to the off state.

In this embodiment, according to the switching operation of the second switching mechanism and the fourth switching mechanism, the circulation loop where the cold accumulation flow path is located may flow through or bypass the first heat exchanger to meet different thermal management requirements.

In some embodiments, the first, second, and fourth switching mechanisms each comprise a switching valve, or the first, second, and fourth switching mechanisms are connected in sequence and form a four-way valve.

In this embodiment, for the first switching mechanism, the second switching mechanism and the fourth switching mechanism which are mutually communicated, they may be implemented by switching valves respectively, so that control independence of each switching mechanism may be improved, maintenance may be facilitated, and they may also implement switching functions together by four-way valves, which is advantageous in simplifying piping arrangement to save space and cost, and in simplifying control logic and improving control reliability.

In some embodiments, the thermal management system further comprises a compression refrigeration cycle loop and a third switching mechanism, the compression refrigeration cycle loop comprises an evaporator, the evaporator has an internal heat exchange flow channel, the internal heat exchange flow channel is connected with the first heat exchange flow channel through the third switching mechanism, the first switching mechanism, the second switching mechanism, the third switching mechanism and the fourth switching mechanism are all switching valves, or the first switching mechanism, the second switching mechanism, the third switching mechanism and the fourth switching mechanism are sequentially connected to form a three-way valve or a four-way valve.

In this embodiment, for the first switching mechanism, the second switching mechanism, the third switching mechanism and the fourth switching mechanism which are mutually communicated, they may be implemented by switching valves respectively, so that control independence of each switching mechanism may be improved, maintenance may be facilitated, and they may also implement switching functions together by three-way valves or four-way valves, which is beneficial to simplifying pipeline arrangement to save space and cost, and to simplifying control logic and improving control reliability.

In some embodiments, the first heat exchange flow path and the second heat exchange flow path are two independent flow paths, and the thermal management system further comprises a second switching mechanism through which one end of the cold storage flow path is connected to the first heat exchange flow path, the second switching mechanism being configured to perform a switching operation to place the cold storage flow path in communication with the first heat exchange flow path via the second switching mechanism or to disconnect the cold storage flow path from communication with the first heat exchange flow path via the second switching mechanism.

During low-current discharge, the second switching mechanism is switched to a state that the cold accumulation flow path is communicated with the first heat exchange flow path so as to store cold energy, and the situation that excessive cold energy is wasted is reduced. When the high current discharges, the cold accumulation flow path releases cold energy to the first heat exchange flow path, so that the additional cold energy required by the first heat exchange flow path is reduced, the energy consumption can be saved, and the running reliability of the charging system is improved.

In some embodiments, the thermal management system further comprises a compression refrigeration cycle including an evaporator having an internal heat exchange flow passage connected with the first heat exchange flow passage by a third switching mechanism for switching operation of the third switching mechanism to place the internal heat exchange flow passage in communication with the first heat exchange flow passage via the third switching mechanism or to disconnect the internal heat exchange flow passage from communication with the first heat exchange flow passage via the third switching mechanism.

In this embodiment, by switching the third switching mechanism, the internal heat exchange flow path is connected to the first heat exchange flow path via the third switching mechanism, or the connection relationship between the internal heat exchange flow path and the first heat exchange flow path via the third switching mechanism is disconnected, so that the heat management efficiency of the first heat exchange flow path can be improved by using the compression refrigeration circulation loop, and by switching the third switching mechanism, different heat exchange medium circulation loops can be formed, such as a cold accumulation flow path, which forms a separate circulation flow path with the internal heat exchange flow path through a part of the first heat exchange flow path, and the cold accumulation flow path can also be disconnected from the first heat exchange flow path, and the first heat exchange flow path and the internal heat exchange flow path form a separate circulation flow, so as to improve the configuration flexibility for different heat management requirements.

In this embodiment, by switching operation of the third switching mechanism, the internal heat exchange flow passage is made to communicate with the first heat exchange flow passage via the third switching mechanism, so that at least part of the first heat exchange flow passage and the internal heat exchange flow passage form a circulation circuit of the heat exchange medium, and when the compression refrigeration circulation circuit is started, the cooling capacity generated by the compression refrigeration circulation circuit is provided to the first heat exchange flow passage by heat exchange between the refrigerant circulating in the compression refrigeration circulation circuit and the heat exchange medium flowing through the internal heat exchange flow passage. The compression refrigeration cycle loop can achieve higher refrigeration efficiency, the temperature of a heat exchange medium flowing in the first heat exchange flow path can be effectively reduced through the cold energy transferred to the first heat exchange flow path, the cooling capacity of the loop where the first heat exchange flow path is located is improved, the heat management efficiency achieved by the first heat exchange flow path is improved, meanwhile, the cold accumulation flow is disconnected or communicated with the first heat exchange flow path, the cold energy can be selectively released to the first heat exchange flow path according to the heat exchange requirement of the first heat exchange flow path, the temperature of the first heat exchange flow path is adjusted, and the requirement of a charging system under different discharging currents is met, so that the charging system can operate more stably.

In some embodiments, the first heat exchange flow path and the second heat exchange flow path are two independent flow paths, the thermal management system further comprises a second switching mechanism by which the cold storage flow path is connected to the first heat exchange flow path, so that the cold storage flow path is communicated with the first heat exchange flow path via the second switching mechanism or the communication relationship of the cold storage flow path and the first heat exchange flow path via the second switching mechanism is disconnected by the switching operation of the second switching mechanism;

The thermal management system further includes a compression refrigeration cycle including an evaporator having an internal heat exchange flow passage connected to the first heat exchange flow passage by a third switching mechanism configured to be adapted to perform a switching operation to cause the internal heat exchange flow passage to communicate with the first heat exchange flow passage via the third switching mechanism or to disconnect the communication relationship of the internal heat exchange flow passage with the first heat exchange flow passage via the third switching mechanism;

The second switching mechanism and the third switching mechanism comprise switching valves, the second switching mechanism is connected with the cold accumulation container in series to form a first branch, the third switching mechanism is connected with the first heat exchanger in series to form a second branch, and the first branch is connected with the second branch in parallel, or the second switching mechanism and the third switching mechanism are connected to form a three-way valve.

In the high-current discharging process, the second reversing mechanism switches the cold accumulation flow path to a state communicated with the first heat exchange flow path so that cold accumulation flow rate releases cold to the first heat exchange flow path, the third switching mechanism switches the heat exchange flow path to a state communicated with the first heat exchange flow path so that the first heat exchanger cools the battery device, and in the cold accumulation mode, the third switching mechanism switches the heat exchange flow path to a state disconnected with the first heat exchange flow path, the internal heat exchange flow path is communicated with the cold accumulation container so that a refrigerant passes through the cold accumulation container, and a phase change part in the cold accumulation container absorbs cold. Therefore, through the operation of the second switching mechanism and the third switching mechanism, the operation in different modes can be realized, and the temperature of the battery device is properly regulated under different charging conditions, so that the operation of the charging system is more reliable and stable.

In some embodiments, the first heat exchange flow path further comprises a first pump for delivering heat exchange medium to the first heat exchanger and/or the cold storage flow path.

The first pump can convey cold energy to the cold accumulation device and/or the first heat exchanger in different modes so as to form different circulation flow paths, so that different circulation requirements can be met under different working conditions.

In some embodiments, the thermal management system further comprises a third heat exchange flow path comprising a third heat exchanger, the third heat exchange flow path being connected in series with the second heat exchange flow path.

The third heat exchange flow path is connected with the second heat exchange flow path in series to form a cooling circulation flow path of the charging connector, and the third heat exchanger is utilized for radiating heat, so that continuous cold energy can be provided for the charging connector, and the charging connector is continuously cooled in the charging process, so that the reliability and safety of charging are improved.

In this embodiment, the compression refrigeration cycle loop and the third heat exchange flow path can provide different degrees of cooling capacity, consumed energy sources are different, under different working conditions, according to the switching operation of the first switching mechanism and the third switching mechanism, requirements of improving heat management efficiency or reducing energy consumption and the like are met, adaptability of the heat management system to the working conditions is improved, and the condenser and the third heat exchanger share one fan for heat dissipation, so that the number of the fans used can be reduced, and cost is saved.

In some embodiments, the third heat exchanger comprises a natural cooling heat exchanger.

In this embodiment, the natural cooling heat exchanger is disposed in the third heat exchange flow path, and in some working modes of the thermal management system, the natural heat exchange between the heat exchange medium and the outside in the thermal management system can be participated, which is beneficial to further reducing the energy consumption of the system.

In some embodiments, the first heat exchange flow path further comprises a heater configured to heat a heat exchange medium flowing through the heater when the heating function is turned on.

In the present embodiment, by the heating action of the heater on the heat exchange medium, the battery device temperature can be increased by the first heat exchanger when the battery device temperature is low.

In some embodiments, the second heat exchange flow path further comprises a second pump.

In this embodiment, by providing the second pump in the second heat exchange flow path, the second heat exchange flow path can realize active driving of the heat exchange medium, so as to form a circulation loop with other heat exchange flow paths as required to meet the cooling requirement of the charging connector.

In some embodiments, the charging system further comprises:

A first power conversion module connected with the battery device and performing heat exchange with the first heat exchanger, and/or

And the second power conversion module is connected with the charging connector and performs heat exchange with the second heat exchanger.

In this embodiment, any one of the first power conversion module and the second power conversion module generates heat when in operation, and the heat exchange between the first heat exchanger and the first power conversion module and the heat exchange between the second heat exchanger and the second power conversion module can enable the first power conversion module and the second power conversion module to achieve longer operation time and service life.

The foregoing description is only an overview of the present application, and is intended to be implemented in accordance with the teachings of the present application in order that the same may be more clearly understood and to make the same and other objects, features and advantages of the present application more readily apparent.

Drawings

Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the application. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of some embodiments of a charging system according to the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a thermal management system according to a first embodiment of the charging system of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram of a thermal management system in a second embodiment of a charging system according to the present disclosure;

FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram of the switching mechanism implemented by the three-way valve in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3A;

Fig. 4A is a schematic structural view of a thermal management system according to a third embodiment of the charging system of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram of the switching mechanism implemented by the three-way valve in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4A;

Fig. 5A is a schematic structural view of a thermal management system according to a fourth embodiment of the charging system of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram of the switching mechanism implemented by the four-way valve in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5A;

fig. 6A is a schematic structural view of a thermal management system according to a fifth embodiment of the charging system of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6B is a schematic diagram of the switching mechanism implemented by the three-way valve and the four-way valve in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6A;

Fig. 7A is a schematic structural view of a thermal management system according to a sixth embodiment of the charging system of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram of the switching mechanism implemented by the three-way valve and the four-way valve in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7A;

Fig. 8A is a schematic structural view of a thermal management system according to a seventh embodiment of the charging system of the present disclosure;

Fig. 8B is a schematic structural view of a thermal management system according to an eighth embodiment of the charging system of the present disclosure;

FIG. 9A is a block diagram of a thermal management system with a cold storage container coupled to a phase change member in a first embodiment of a charging system according to the present disclosure;

Fig. 9B is a block diagram of a thermal management system with a cold storage container coupled to a phase change member in a first embodiment of a charging system according to the present disclosure.

Reference numerals in the specific embodiments are as follows:

10. 11, a first power conversion module;

20. The second power supply conversion module is connected with the charging connector;

30. The heat exchange system comprises a heat management system, 31, a first heat exchange flow path, 311, a first heat exchanger, 312, a heater, 313, a first pump, 32, a second heat exchange flow path, 321, a second heat exchanger, 322 and a second pump;

331. 332, second switching mechanism, 333, third switching mechanism, 334, fourth switching mechanism;

34. A cold accumulation flow path 341, a cold accumulation container 342, a phase change component 3421, a heat conduction shell 34211, an inner wall body 34212, an outer wall body 3422 and a phase change layer;

35. a compression refrigeration cycle circuit, 351, a compressor, 352, a condenser, 353, a throttling device, 354, an evaporator, 3541, and an internal heat exchange flow passage;

36. 361, third heat exchanger, 3611, natural cooling heat exchanger;

37. And 38, a fan and a heat exchange bypass.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the technical scheme of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present application, and thus are merely examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs, the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to be limiting of the application, and the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the description of the application and the claims and the above description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

In the description of embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish between different objects and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated, a particular order or a primary or secondary relationship. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise.

Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

In the description of the embodiment of the present application, the term "and/or" is merely an association relationship describing the association object, and indicates that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B, and may indicate that a exists alone, while a and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the front and rear associated objects are an "or" relationship.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "plurality" means two or more (including two), and similarly, "plural sets" means two or more (including two), and "plural sheets" means two or more (including two).

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed" and the like are to be construed broadly and include, for example, fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral therewith, mechanical connection, electrical connection, direct connection, indirect connection via an intermediary, communication between two elements, or interaction between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific circumstances.

In some related art, a charging station is capable of converting electric energy of an electric grid and performing a charging operation on a power battery of an electric vehicle. In consideration of the temperature rise of each charging pile and each charging gun of the charging station during operation, in order to improve the reliability and the service life of the charging pile and the charging gun, a liquid cooling system capable of performing heat exchange with a refrigerating system is arranged to cool the charging pile and the charging gun. Some related technologies can also utilize the liquid cooling system of the charging station to cool down the power battery of the electric automobile in the charging process.

It has been found that the related art thermal management system is mainly directed to thermal management of a charging post of a general charging station or thermal management of a charging post and a power battery, and for a charging station including a battery device, a solution for achieving effective thermal management of a charging gun and a battery device is not yet available.

In view of this, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a charging system, which can effectively meet the thermal management requirements of a charging connector and a battery device while charging a power battery charged by a device to be charged.

In the presently disclosed embodiments, a battery device refers to a single physical module that includes one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. The battery cell is the smallest unit constituting the battery. The battery cell includes an electrode assembly capable of undergoing an electrochemical reaction. The battery cell may be a secondary battery, which means a battery cell that can be continuously used by activating an active material in a charging manner after the battery cell is discharged.

The battery cell may be a lithium ion battery, a sodium lithium ion battery, a lithium metal battery, a sodium metal battery, a lithium sulfur battery, a magnesium ion battery, a nickel hydrogen battery, a nickel cadmium battery, a lead storage battery, etc., which the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to.

In some embodiments, a battery device may include a case and a battery cell housed in the case. The box body can be made of metal, nonmetal or mixed materials. The plurality of battery cells may be arranged along at least one of a length direction and a width direction of the case. At least one row or one column of battery cells can be arranged according to actual needs. One or more layers of battery cells may be provided in the height direction of the battery device, as needed.

The individual cells are electrically connected, such as in series, parallel or series-parallel, to achieve the desired electrical performance parameters of the battery device. The series-parallel connection refers to that a plurality of battery monomers are connected in series or in parallel. Adjacent battery cells can be electrically connected through bus bars. The plurality of battery cells are arranged in rows, and one or more rows of battery cells can be arranged in the box body according to the requirement. The box body can be made of metal, nonmetal or mixed materials.

In some embodiments, the battery device may include a case for providing a receiving space for the battery module and a battery module mounted in the case. The battery modules can be formed by connecting a plurality of battery monomers in series or parallel or series-parallel connection, and then the battery modules are connected in series or parallel or series-parallel connection to form a whole and are accommodated in the box body.

In some embodiments, a battery cell includes an electrode assembly, a housing, and an end cap. The case has a receiving cavity receiving the electrode assembly and an open end communicating with the receiving cavity. The end cover is covered on the open end.

The electrode assembly may include first and second electrode sheets of opposite polarity, and a separator disposed between the first and second electrode sheets. In some embodiments, the first pole piece is a positive pole piece and the second pole piece is a negative pole piece. In other embodiments, the first pole piece is a negative pole piece and the second pole piece is a positive pole piece. During the charge and discharge of the battery cell, active ions (e.g., lithium ions) are inserted and extracted back and forth between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. The separator is arranged between the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece, can play a role in preventing the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece from being short-circuited, and can enable active ions to pass through.

In some embodiments, the positive electrode tab may include a positive electrode current collector substrate and a positive electrode active material layer disposed on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector substrate.

As an example, the positive electrode current collector substrate has two surfaces opposing in its own thickness direction, and the positive electrode active material layer is provided on either or both of the two surfaces opposing the positive electrode current collector substrate.

As an example, the positive electrode current collector substrate may employ a metal foil or a composite current collector. For example, as the metal foil, silver-surface-treated aluminum or stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrode, carbon, nickel, titanium, or the like can be used. The composite current collector may include a polymeric material base layer and a metal layer. The composite current collector may be formed by applying a metal material (aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel alloy, titanium alloy, silver alloy, etc.) to a polymer material substrate (e.g., a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

As an example, the positive electrode active material layer may include at least one of lithium-containing phosphates, lithium transition metal oxides, and their respective modified compounds. The present disclosure is not limited to these materials, but other conventional materials that can be used as a battery positive electrode active material layer may be used. These positive electrode active material layers may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Examples of the lithium-containing phosphate may include, but are not limited to, at least one of lithium iron phosphate (such as LiFePO ₄ (which may also be referred to simply as LFP)), a composite of lithium iron phosphate and carbon, lithium manganese phosphate (such as LiMnPO ₄), a composite of lithium manganese phosphate and carbon, lithium manganese phosphate, and a composite of lithium manganese phosphate and carbon. Examples of lithium transition metal oxides may include, but are not limited to, at least one of lithium cobalt oxide (e.g., liCoO ₂), lithium nickel oxide (e.g., liNiO ₂), lithium manganese oxide (e.g., liMnO ₂、LiMn₂O₄), lithium nickel cobalt oxide, lithium manganese cobalt oxide, lithium nickel manganese oxide, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide (e.g., liNi _1/3Co_1/ ₃Mn_1/3O₂ (which may also be abbreviated as NCM ₃₃₃）、LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂ (which may also be abbreviated as NCM ₅₂₃）、LiNi_0.5Co_0.25Mn_0.25O₂ (which may also be abbreviated as NCM ₂₁₁）、LiNi_0.6Co_0.2Mn_0.2O₂ (which may also be abbreviated as NCM ₆₂₂）、LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂ (which may also be abbreviated as NCM ₈₁₁)), lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (e.g., liNi _0.85Co_0.15Al_0.05O₂), modified compounds thereof, and the like.

In some embodiments, the negative electrode tab may include a negative current collector substrate.

As an example, the negative electrode current collector substrate may employ a metal foil, a foam metal, or a composite current collector. For example, as the metal foil, silver-surface-treated aluminum or stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrode, carbon, nickel, titanium, or the like can be used. The foam metal can be foam nickel, foam copper, foam aluminum, foam alloy, foam carbon or the like. The composite current collector may include a polymeric material base layer and a metal layer. The composite current collector may be formed by applying a metal material (copper, copper alloy, nickel alloy, titanium alloy, silver alloy, etc.) to a polymer material substrate (e.g., a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

In some embodiments, the negative electrode tab may include a negative current collector substrate and a negative active material layer disposed on at least one surface of the negative current collector substrate.

As an example, the anode current collector substrate has two surfaces opposing in its own thickness direction, and the anode active material layer is provided on either one or both of the two surfaces opposing the anode current collector substrate.

As an example, the anode active material layer may employ an anode active material layer for a battery cell, which is well known in the art. As an example, the anode active material layer may include at least one of artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, silicon-based material, tin-based material, lithium titanate, and the like. The silicon-based material may be selected from at least one of elemental silicon, silicon oxygen compounds, silicon carbon composites, silicon nitrogen composites, and silicon alloys. The tin-based material may be selected from at least one of elemental tin, tin oxide, and tin alloy. The present disclosure is not limited to these materials, but other conventional materials that can be used as a battery anode active material layer may be used. These negative electrode active material layers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

In some embodiments, the material of the positive electrode current collector substrate may be aluminum and the material of the negative electrode current collector substrate may be copper.

In some embodiments, the separator is a separator film. The type of the separator is not particularly limited in the present disclosure, and any known porous separator having good chemical and mechanical stability may be used.

As an example, the main material of the separator may be at least one selected from glass fiber, non-woven fabric, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and ceramic. The separator may be a single-layer film or a multilayer composite film, and is not particularly limited. When the separator is a multilayer composite film, the materials of the respective layers may be the same or different, and are not particularly limited. The separator may be a single component located between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, or may be attached to the surface of the positive electrode sheet and/or the surface of the negative electrode sheet while located between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet.

In some embodiments, the separator is a solid state electrolyte. The solid electrolyte is arranged between the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece and plays roles in transmitting ions and isolating the positive pole and the negative pole.

In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes an electrolyte that serves to conduct ions between the positive and negative electrodes. The type of electrolyte is not particularly limited in the present disclosure, and may be selected according to the need. The electrolyte may be liquid, gel or solid.

As an example, the liquid electrolyte includes an electrolyte salt and a solvent.

In some embodiments, the electrolyte salt may be selected from at least one of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium perchlorate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, lithium bis-fluorosulfonyl imide, lithium bis-trifluoromethanesulfonyl imide, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium difluorophosphate, lithium difluorooxalato borate, lithium difluorodioxaato phosphate, and lithium tetrafluorooxalato phosphate.

In some embodiments, the solvent may be selected from at least one of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, methylethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, methylpropyl carbonate, ethylpropyl carbonate, butylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, methyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate, 1, 4-butyrolactone, sulfolane, dimethyl sulfone, methyl sulfone, and diethyl sulfone. The solvent may also be selected from ether solvents. The ether solvent may include one or more of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, 1, 3-dioxolane, tetrahydrofuran, methyltetrahydrofuran, diphenyl ether, and crown ether.

As an example, a gel state electrolyte includes a skeletal network of polymer as electrolyte, along with an ionic liquid-lithium salt.

As an example, the solid electrolyte includes a polymer solid electrolyte, an inorganic solid electrolyte, and a composite solid electrolyte.

As examples, the polymer solid electrolyte may be polyether (polyethylene oxide), polysiloxane, polycarbonate, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene fluoride, polymethyl methacrylate, single ion polymer, polyion liquid-lithium salt, cellulose, or the like.

As an example, the inorganic solid electrolyte may be one or more of an oxide solid electrolyte (crystalline perovskite, sodium superconducting ion conductor, garnet, amorphous LiPON thin film), a sulfide solid electrolyte (crystalline lithium super ion conductor (lithium germanium phosphorus sulfide, sulfur silver germanium ore), amorphous sulfide), and a halide solid electrolyte, a nitride solid electrolyte, and a hydride solid electrolyte.

As an example, the composite solid electrolyte is formed by adding an inorganic solid electrolyte filler to a polymer solid electrolyte.

In some embodiments, the electrode assembly includes a body portion. The main body part can be a main body part of a winding structure formed by winding the positive pole piece, the negative pole piece and the separator, or a main body part of a laminated structure formed by overlapping the positive pole piece, the negative pole piece and the separator. One or more positive pole pieces and one or more negative pole pieces can be respectively arranged. As an example, a plurality of positive electrode tabs and a plurality of negative electrode tabs are alternately arranged in the tab thickness direction.

In some embodiments, the body portion may be cylindrical, flat, or polygonal, etc. in shape. The end of the main body part may be provided with a first tab and a second tab. The first tab may be formed by cutting or trimming the current collector substrate of the first pole piece, or may be connected to a side of the current collector substrate of the first pole piece by welding. The second tab may be formed by cutting or trimming the current collector substrate of the second pole piece, or may be welded to the side of the current collector substrate of the second pole piece.

For the embodiment in which the first pole piece is a positive pole piece and the second pole piece is a negative pole piece, the first pole piece includes a positive pole tab as a first tab and the second pole piece includes a negative pole tab as a second tab. For the embodiment in which the first pole piece is a negative pole piece and the second pole piece is a positive pole piece, the first pole piece includes a negative pole tab as a first tab, and the second pole piece includes a positive pole tab as a second tab.

The case is used to encapsulate the electrode assembly, the electrolyte, and the like. The shell can be a steel shell, an aluminum shell, a composite metal shell (such as a copper-aluminum composite shell) and the like.

As examples, the battery cell may be a cylindrical battery cell, a prismatic battery cell, a pouch battery cell, or other shaped battery cell, including a square-case battery cell, a blade-shaped battery cell, a polygonal-prismatic battery cell, such as a hexagonal-prismatic battery cell, or the like.

The end cover can be provided with a pressure relief component. A pressure relief component refers to an element or component that actuates to relieve the internal pressure or temperature of a battery cell when the internal pressure or temperature reaches a predetermined threshold. The threshold design varies according to design requirements. The threshold value may depend on the material of one or more of the positive electrode tab, the negative electrode tab, the electrolyte and the separator in the battery cell. The pressure relief part may take the form of an explosion-proof valve, a gas valve, a pressure relief valve, a safety valve, or the like, and may specifically take the form of a pressure-sensitive or temperature-sensitive element or structure, that is, when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a predetermined threshold, the pressure relief part performs an action or a weak structure provided in the pressure relief part is broken, thereby forming an opening or passage through which the internal pressure or temperature can be discharged.

When the electrode assembly is in thermal runaway, the generated high-temperature and high-pressure gas enters the pressure release cavity, and the gas possibly contains active substances. When the pressure in the pressure release cavity exceeds a design threshold, the pressure release part releases the internal pressure and discharges the emission from the battery cell. References herein to emissions from a battery cell include, but are not limited to, electrolyte, dissolved or split positive and negative electrode sheets, fragments of separator film, high temperature and high pressure gases (e.g., CH ₄, CO, etc. combustible gases) generated by the reaction, flame, and the like.

Referring to fig. 1-9B, the present embodiment provides a charging system including a battery device 10, a charging connector 20, and a thermal management system 30. Wherein the battery device 10 is used for storing electrical energy. The charging connector 20 is electrically connected to the battery device 10, and the charging connector 20 is used for charging the equipment to be charged. The thermal management system 30 includes a first heat exchange flow path 31, a second heat exchange flow path 32, and a cold storage flow path 34. The first heat exchange flow path 31 includes a first heat exchanger 311 for heat exchange with the battery device 10, the cool storage flow path 34 is connected with the first heat exchange flow path 31 in a switchable connection and disconnection manner, the cool storage flow path 34 includes a cool storage container 341 and a phase change member 342, the cool storage container 341 is configured to be suitable for being introduced with a heat exchange medium, the phase change member 342 is located within the cool storage container 341, the phase change member 342 is used for absorbing or releasing cool energy of the heat exchange medium, and the second heat exchange flow path 32 includes a second heat exchanger 321 for heat exchange with the charging connector 20.

The charging system is capable of charging a battery in a device to be charged. The charging of the equipment to be charged can comprise vehicles, battery cars, ships, aircrafts, lighting equipment, electric excavators or electric loaders and the like, and the new energy automobile can be a pure electric automobile or a hybrid electric automobile and the like. Other powered devices are also possible.

The charging system includes the battery device 10 and the charging connector 20, and can charge the power battery through the charging connector 20, and can charge the battery device 10. The charging system may be in the form of a charging post that is integral to the charging and storage.

In some embodiments, the charging system may include one or more battery devices 10, and may also include one or more charging contacts 20.

The battery device 10 can realize storage and release of electric energy in a charging system, which can obtain electric energy from a power grid, a generator, a photovoltaic power generation device, a wind power generation device, and the like, and store the electric energy. The battery device 10 may be one of the sources of electrical energy to be provided when the device to be charged needs to be charged with its power battery at the charging system. The battery device 10 may be used to power other loads in addition to the charging of a power battery. The specific structure of the battery device 10 may refer to the foregoing descriptions of the battery device and the battery cells, and will not be repeated herein.

The charging connector 20 can be connected with a power interface of the device to be charged when the power battery needs to be charged, and is disconnected with the power interface of the device to be charged when the charging is finished. The charging connector 20 may also be referred to as a charging gun, and is configured to mate with a power interface for charging a device to be charged, so as to perform charging stably and reliably. The charging connector 20 may charge power cells charged by the device to be charged with electrical energy from any one or a combination of the grid, the power generation source, and the battery device 10.

The thermal management system 30 may be used to thermally manage the battery device 10 and the charging connector 20, such as to effect cooling or heating of the battery device 10, to effect cooling of the charging connector 20, and so forth. The thermal management system 30 may be connected with the battery device 10 and the charging connector 20 to enable thermal management of the battery device 10 and the charging connector 20.

The heat exchange medium running in the first heat exchange flow path 31 and the second heat exchange flow path 32 may be a liquid, such as water, an aqueous cooling liquid, or an anhydrous cooling liquid, but is not limited to a liquid, and may be a gas, a solid-liquid mixture, or a gas-liquid mixture.

The first heat exchanger 311 is provided in the first heat exchange flow path 31, and the heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the battery device 10 in the first heat exchanger 311. The first heat exchanger 311 may be in heat transfer with the battery device 10 by, but not limited to, heat conduction, for example, the first heat exchanger 311 may include a cooling plate in contact with the battery device 10. The cooling plate may be independent of the battery device 10 or may be provided as a part of the battery device 10, for example, at the bottom of the battery case or between the individual battery cells in the battery module.

The second heat exchanger 321 is provided in the second heat exchange flow path 32, and the heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the charging connector 20 in the second heat exchanger 321. The second heat exchanger 321 may be in heat transfer with the charging connector 20 by, but not limited to, heat conduction, for example, the second heat exchanger 321 may include a cooling plate in contact with the charging connector 20. The cooling plate may be independent of the charging connector 20 or may be part of the charging connector 20.

The phase change member 342 may be located in the cold accumulation container 341 in the structure shown in fig. 9A and 9B. In fig. 9B, the container wall of the cold storage container 341 is a wall body having an interlayer, that is, the cold storage container 341 has an inner wall body 34211 and an outer wall body 34212, the phase change member 342 includes a phase change layer 3422, the phase change layer 3422 is filled between the outer wall body 34212 and the inner wall body 34211, and the outer wall body 34212 and the inner wall body 34211 are used for encapsulating the phase change layer 3422. In fig. 9A, the cold accumulation container 341 has a cavity, and the phase change member 342 is located in the cavity and defines a receiving space for receiving the heat exchange medium together with a wall of the cavity of the cold accumulation container 341.

In the present embodiment, the charging system has the charging connector 20 and the battery device 10, and is capable of storing energy by the battery device 10 when the power demand or the electricity price is low and charging the power battery when the power demand or the electricity price is high, thereby reducing the operation cost of the charging system and reducing the load of the power grid. For such a charging system, the first heat exchange flow path 31 and the second heat exchange flow path 32 are configured to exchange heat with the battery device 10 and the charging connector 20 through the first heat exchanger 311 and the second heat exchanger 321, respectively, so as to effectively meet the thermal management requirements of the charging connector 20 and the battery device 10, and meanwhile, the phase change component 342 in the cold storage container 341 can be used for storing and releasing cold according to different requirements, the cold storage container 341 can store cold according to the self requirements of the charging system, such as when the charging system does not perform heavy current discharge, and when the charging system performs heavy current discharge, the cold can be released, the phase change component 342 in the cold storage container 341 can regulate the liquid supply temperature of the first heat exchange flow path 31 according to different discharging working conditions of the charging system, so that the liquid supply temperature is more stable, and the energy consumption can be reduced.

In some embodiments, phase change member 342 includes a thermally conductive housing 3421 and a phase change layer 3422, thermally conductive housing 3421 having a closed containment cavity filled with phase change layer 3422.

The material of the phase-change layer 3422 may be a hydrated salt, paraffin, fatty acid, sugar alcohol, or eutectic salt aqueous solution. For example, the phase change layer 3422 may be modified mirabilite, and the phase change temperature is controlled to about 10 ℃.

The shape of the heat-conducting housing 3421 may be, but not limited to, a hollow sphere, a hollow cube, a tube, etc., and may be specifically designed according to practical requirements.

For example, the heat-conducting shell 3421 may be a hollow sphere, the phase-change layer 3422 is filled in the hollow sphere to form the phase-change component 342, the phase-change component 342 is placed in the cavity of the cold storage container 341, the number of the phase-change components 342 is multiple, and the plurality of phase-change components 342 are placed in the cavity of the cold storage container 341 in a point contact manner, so that the contact area between the phase-change components 342 and the cold storage components can be increased, and the cold storage capacity can be increased.

The heat-conducting shell 3421 isolates the phase-change layer 3422 from the heat-exchange medium, especially under the influence of ambient temperature, the phase-change layer 3422 may undergo phase change (solid-liquid transition), and the arrangement of the shell can reduce the mixing of the phase-change layer 3422 into the cold storage container 341, and meanwhile, the liquid can reduce the reaction of the phase-change layer 3422 with the heat-exchange medium, so that the phase-change component 342 may more reliably absorb and release cold.

In some embodiments, the number of phase change members 342 is a plurality, and the plurality of phase change members 342 are spaced apart.

The spacing direction of two adjacent phase change members 342 may be any direction, and is not particularly limited herein.

As an example, phase change member 342 may be a tubular structure with a plurality of tubular structures disposed parallel to each other and spaced apart. The phase change member 342 may have an annular structure, and the plurality of phase change members 342 may be disposed at intervals in the height direction of the cold accumulation container 341.

The plurality of phase change members 342 are spaced apart such that the heat exchange medium is in sufficient contact with the phase change members 342 to be able to absorb or release more cold.

In some embodiments, the thermal management system 30 further comprises a first switching mechanism 331, the second heat exchange flow path 32 being connected to the first heat exchange flow path 31 by the first switching mechanism 331, the first switching mechanism 331 being configured to perform a switching operation to place the second heat exchange flow path 32 in communication with the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the first switching mechanism 331 or to disconnect the second heat exchange flow path 32 from communication with the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the first switching mechanism 331.

The first switching mechanism 331 may include a valve capable of controlling on-off, and may further include a connection flow path connecting the second heat exchange flow path 32 and the first heat exchange flow path 31. The valve may be provided at a connection position between the connection flow path and any one of the second heat exchange flow path 32 and the first heat exchange flow path 31, or may be provided in the connection flow path. In fig. 2, both ends of the second heat exchange flow path 32 and both ends of the first heat exchange flow path 31 are connected by the first switching mechanism 331. In other embodiments, only one end of the second heat exchange flow path 32 may be connected to one end of the first heat exchange flow path 31 through the first switching mechanism 331.

In some embodiments, fig. 3A is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system according to a second embodiment of the charging system of the present disclosure. Fig. 3B is a schematic structural diagram of the switching mechanism implemented by using a three-way valve in the embodiment shown in fig. 3A. Referring to fig. 3A, in some embodiments, the thermal management system 30 further includes a compression refrigeration cycle 35 and a third switching mechanism 333, the compression refrigeration cycle 35 including an evaporator 354, the evaporator 354 having an internal heat exchange flow path 3541, the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 being connected to the first heat exchange flow path 31 by the third switching mechanism 333, the third switching mechanism 333 being configured to perform a switching operation to cause the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 to communicate with the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the third switching mechanism 333 or to disconnect the communication relationship of the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 with the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the third switching mechanism 333.

The compression refrigeration cycle 35 can circulate a refrigerant fluid, and transfer heat by condensing and evaporating the refrigerant fluid. The refrigerant may include, but is not limited to, water, ammonia, carbon dioxide, halogenated hydrocarbon refrigerants, and the like. The refrigerant in the compression refrigeration cycle 35 is independent of the operation of the heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange flow path 31 and the internal heat exchange flow path 3541, and the refrigerant fluid realizes heat transfer through heat exchange with the heat exchange medium.

The internal heat exchange flow path 3541 is connected to the first heat exchange flow path 31 through the third switching mechanism 333. When the third switching mechanism 333 is switched to the communication state, the heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange flow path 31 can enter the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 to perform heat exchange with the refrigerant running in the evaporator 354 in the compression refrigeration cycle 35. This causes the first heat exchange flow path 31 to receive the cooling capacity from the compression refrigeration cycle 35 to cool down the flowing heat exchange medium. In fig. 3A, the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 of the evaporator 354 and the portion of the compression refrigeration cycle 35 passing through the evaporator 354 are shown by dashed lines drawn within the evaporator 354. The evaporator 354 may be a plate-change evaporator, or may be another type of evaporator, such as a shell-and-tube evaporator.

In fig. 3A, the compression refrigeration cycle 35 may further include a compressor 351, a condenser 352, and a throttling device 353. The compressor 351 can compress the sucked low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The condenser 352 can cool and at least partially convert the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant output from the compressor 351 into a liquid state by releasing heat. The throttling device 353 may include a capillary tube, a thermal expansion valve, or an electronic expansion valve, which can reduce the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant output from the condenser 352 through throttling. The evaporator 354 can heat up the refrigerant passing through the throttle 353 by absorbing heat and at least partially convert it to a gaseous state. The compression refrigeration cycle 35 may further include other components, such as a gas-liquid separator for separating gas and liquid from the refrigerant output from the evaporator 354, an oil separator for separating oil and gas from the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 351, and the like, which will not be described herein.

In the present embodiment, by switching operation of the third switching mechanism 333, the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 is made to communicate with the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the third switching mechanism 333, or the communication relationship of the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 with the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the third switching mechanism 333 is disconnected, the compression refrigeration cycle 35 can be utilized to improve the heat management efficiency achieved by the first heat exchange flow path 31, and by switching operation of the third switching mechanism 333, different heat exchange medium circulation circuits can be formed, thereby improving the configuration flexibility for different heat management requirements.

Referring to fig. 3A, in some embodiments, the first heat exchange flow path 31 is configured such that at least a portion of the first heat exchange flow path 31 forms a heat exchange circuit with the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 when the third switching mechanism 333 is switched to the connected state.

In the present embodiment, by causing the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 to communicate with the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the third switching mechanism 333 by the switching operation of the third switching mechanism 333, it is possible to form a circulation circuit of the heat exchange medium with at least part of the first heat exchange flow path 31 and the internal heat exchange flow path 3541, and at the time of starting the compression refrigeration cycle 35, the cooling capacity generated by the compression refrigeration cycle 35 is supplied to the first heat exchange flow path 31 by heat exchange between the refrigerant circulating in the compression refrigeration cycle 35 and the heat exchange medium flowing through the internal heat exchange flow path 3541. Because the compression refrigeration cycle 35 can achieve higher refrigeration efficiency, the temperature of the heat exchange medium flowing in the first heat exchange flow path 31 can be effectively reduced by the cold energy transferred to the first heat exchange flow path 31, the cooling capacity of the circuit in which the first heat exchange flow path 31 is located is improved, and the thermal management efficiency achieved by the first heat exchange flow path 31 is improved.

Referring to fig. 3A and 3B, in some embodiments, the third switching mechanism 333 and the first switching mechanism 331 each include a switching valve, or the third switching mechanism 333 and the first switching mechanism 331 are connected to form a three-way valve.

In fig. 3A and 3B, the third switching mechanism 333 may include a valve capable of controlling on/off, and may further include a connection flow path connecting the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 and the first heat exchange flow path 31. The valve may be provided at a connection position between the connection flow path and any one of the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 and the first heat exchange flow path 31, or may be provided in the connection flow path. The third switching mechanism 333 and the first switching mechanism 331 that communicate with each other may be implemented by switching valves independently or by the same valve.

Taking fig. 3A as an example, the third switching mechanism 333 and the first switching mechanism 331 are respectively connected to two ends of the first heat exchange flow path 31, where the third switching mechanism 333 and the first switching mechanism 331 can adopt switching valves in an electric control mode, a hydraulic control mode, and the like to realize on-off of the flow paths where they are located. In some embodiments, the switching valve is not limited to realizing on-off of the flow path, and can realize the adjustment function of the flow rate and the flow velocity through the opening degree when the flow path is connected.

Taking fig. 3B as an example, the third switching mechanism 333 and the first switching mechanism 331 may be implemented together by a three-way valve. The three-way valve in fig. 3B has three ports connected to the first heat exchange flow path 31, the internal heat exchange flow path 3541, and the second heat exchange flow path 32, respectively. The three-way valve can realize the disconnection of any one of the three interfaces through switching operation, realize the communication between any two interfaces, and also can ensure that all the three interfaces are communicated.

In this embodiment, for the third switching mechanism 333 and the first switching mechanism 331 which are mutually communicated, they may be implemented by switching valves, so that control independence of the respective switching mechanisms may be improved, maintenance may be facilitated, they may be implemented by three-way valves together, which is advantageous in simplifying piping arrangement to save space and cost, and in simplifying control logic and improving control reliability.

Fig. 4A is a schematic structural view of a thermal management system according to a third embodiment of the charging system of the present disclosure. Fig. 4B is a schematic structural diagram of the switching mechanism implemented by using the three-way valve in the embodiment shown in fig. 4A. Referring to fig. 2 and 4A, in some embodiments, the thermal management system 30 further includes a third heat exchange flow path 36, the third heat exchange flow path 36 further including a third heat exchanger 361, the third heat exchange flow path 36 being connected in parallel with the second heat exchange flow path 32 and with the first heat exchange flow path 31 through a first switching mechanism 331, the first switching mechanism 331 being configured to perform a switching operation such that the third heat exchange flow path 36 communicates with the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the first switching mechanism 331 or such that the third heat exchange flow path 36 is disconnected from communicating relationship with the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the first switching mechanism 331.

In fig. 2 and 4A, both ends of the third heat exchange flow path 36 communicate with both ends of the second heat exchange flow path 32 to form a parallel connection relationship. The third heat exchange flow path 36 and the second heat exchange flow path 32 are connected to the first heat exchange flow path 31 by the first switching mechanism 331. The first switching mechanism 331 can implement different circulation loops by switching its on or off state.

When the first switching mechanism 331 is switched to the off state, the second heat exchange flow path 32 and the third heat exchange flow path 36 are both accordingly disconnected from the communication relationship with the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the first switching mechanism 331, and a heat exchange medium circulation circuit independent of the first heat exchange flow path 31 and including the third heat exchange flow path 36 and the second heat exchange flow path 32 can be formed so as to satisfy the thermal management requirements of the charging connector by the third heat exchanger 361 without using the cooling capacity of the heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange flow path 31, thereby better adapting to the different thermal management requirements of the charging connector 20 and the battery device 10.

In the present embodiment, the third heat exchange flow path 36 including the third heat exchanger 361 is connected in parallel with the second heat exchange flow path 32 and connected with the first heat exchange flow path 31 through the first switching mechanism 331, so that different heat exchange medium circulation loops can be formed according to different thermal management requirements through the switching operation of the first switching mechanism 331.

Referring to fig. 2 and 4A, in some embodiments, the first heat exchange flow path 31 is configured to form a heat exchange circuit with at least a portion of the first heat exchange flow path 31 and the third heat exchange flow path 36 when the first switching mechanism 331 is switched to the communication state.

When the first switching mechanism 331 is switched to the communication state, the third heat exchange flow path 36 communicates with the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the first switching mechanism 331, so that the heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange flow path 31 can flow into the third heat exchange flow path 36 to exchange heat by the third heat exchanger 361, and thus another circulation loop including at least part of the first heat exchange flow path 31 and the third heat exchange flow path 36 (or further including the second heat exchange flow path 32) can be formed to satisfy the thermal management requirements of the battery device 10 and the charging connector 20.

Referring to fig. 4A, in some embodiments, the thermal management system 30 further includes a compression refrigeration cycle 35 and a third switching mechanism 333, the compression refrigeration cycle 35 includes a condenser 352 and an evaporator 354, the evaporator 354 has an internal heat exchange flow path 3541, the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 is connected to the first heat exchange flow path 31 through the third switching mechanism 333, the thermal management system 30 further includes a fan 37, and the fan 37 acts on the condenser 352 and the third heat exchanger 361.

The compression refrigeration cycle 35 may provide cooling with greater efficiency to accommodate higher heat rejection cooling requirements. The fan 37 may air-cool the condenser 352 to increase the efficiency of the condenser 352. The fan 37 may include an axial flow type, a centrifugal type, a mixed flow type, or the like. The fan 37 can also be used for guiding the air flow in the environment to exchange heat with the third heat exchanger 361, so that the heat exchange efficiency is improved, the number of the fan 37 can be correspondingly reduced, and the cost and the energy consumption are reduced.

In this embodiment, the compression refrigeration cycle 35 and the third heat exchange flow path 36 can provide different degrees of cooling capacity, and the consumed energy sources are also different, and under different working conditions, according to the actual switching operation of the first switching mechanism 331 and the third switching mechanism 333, the requirements of improving the heat management efficiency or reducing the energy consumption are met, and the adaptability of the heat management system to the working conditions is improved.

In fig. 4A and 4B, the third switching mechanism 333 and the first switching mechanism 331 that communicate with each other may be implemented by switching valves independently or by the same valve.

Taking fig. 4A as an example, the third switching mechanism 333 and the first switching mechanism 331 are respectively connected to two ends of the first heat exchange flow path 31, where the third switching mechanism 333 and the first switching mechanism 331 can adopt switching valves in an electric control mode, a hydraulic control mode, and the like to realize on-off of the flow paths where they are located. In some embodiments, the switching valve is not limited to realizing on-off of the flow path, and can realize the adjustment function of the flow rate and the flow velocity through the opening degree when the flow path is connected.

In fig. 4B, the third switching mechanism 333 and the first switching mechanism 331 may be implemented together by a three-way valve. The three-way valve in fig. 4B has three ports connected to the first heat exchange flow path 31, the internal heat exchange flow path 3541, and the second heat exchange flow path 32, respectively. The three-way valve can realize the disconnection of any one of the three interfaces through switching operation, realize the communication between any two interfaces, and also can ensure that all the three interfaces are communicated.

Fig. 5A is a schematic structural view of a thermal management system according to a fourth embodiment of the charging system of the present disclosure. Fig. 5B is a schematic structural diagram of the switching mechanism implemented by using the four-way valve in the embodiment shown in fig. 5A. Fig. 6A is a schematic structural view of a thermal management system according to a fifth embodiment of the charging system of the present disclosure. Fig. 6B is a schematic structural diagram of the switching mechanism implemented by using the three-way valve and the four-way valve in the embodiment shown in fig. 6A.

Referring to fig. 5A and 6A, in some embodiments, the thermal management system 30 further includes a second switching mechanism 332, one end of the cold storage flow path 34 is connected to the first heat exchange flow path 31 through the second switching mechanism 332, and the second switching mechanism 332 is configured to perform a switching operation to place the cold storage flow path 34 in communication with the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the second switching mechanism 332, or to disconnect the cold storage flow path 34 from communication with the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the second switching mechanism 332.

The cold storage flow path 34 and the first heat exchange flow path 31 are connected by a second switching mechanism 332, and the second switching mechanism 332 can switch the communication relationship between the first heat exchange flow path 31 and the second switching mechanism 332. When it is necessary to perform cold accumulation or discharge using the cold accumulation container 341, the cold accumulation flow path 34 is communicated with the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the second switching mechanism 332 by the switching operation of the second switching mechanism 332, so as to form a heat exchange medium circulation loop including at least part of the first heat exchange flow path 31 and the cold accumulation flow path 34, so that the heat exchange medium having a lower temperature enters the cold accumulation container 341 to perform cold accumulation, or the heat exchange medium having a lower temperature in the cold accumulation container 341 is guided into the circulation loop to reduce the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the circulation loop.

The cooling capacity in the cold storage container 341 may be supplied to the first heat exchange flow path 31 to cool the battery device 10 and the first power conversion module 11, or may be supplied to the second heat exchange flow path 32 to cool the charging connector 20 and the second power conversion module 21.

For a charging system, the discharging duration of a large current when a device to be charged is usually relatively short, and the charging and dormancy durations of the charging system occupy a large proportion in a cycle period. When the battery device 10 discharges a large amount of energy in a short time, the temperature of the battery device 10 and the first power conversion module 11 may be rapidly increased, which increases the risk of thermal runaway, and the temperature may be effectively reduced by releasing the cold energy of the cold storage container 341 to cool the battery device 10 and the first power conversion module 11, thereby improving the reliability and performance of the battery device 10 and the first power conversion module 11, and effectively reducing the energy consumed by other portions of the thermal management system that provide cold energy.

For example, for the embodiment in which the cooling capacity is provided through the compression refrigeration cycle 35, since the cold storage container 341 provides at least part of the cooling capacity for cooling the battery device 10 and the first power conversion module 11, the operation power of the compressor 351 in the compression refrigeration cycle 35 can be reduced accordingly, reducing the overall cost and the operation noise.

When the battery device 10 and the charging connector 20 are not operated, for example, in a period of low electricity prices, the cold storage container 341 may be put into a cold storage mode to store cold. The process of accumulating the cold amount may employ a switching operation by the first switching mechanism 331 and the second switching mechanism 332 shown in fig. 5A to make the third heat exchange flow path 36 access the heat exchange medium circulation circuit including the cold storage flow path 34 so as to receive the cold amount in the natural environment through the third heat exchanger 361 in the third heat exchange flow path 36 and store it in the cold storage container.

The process of accumulating the cold energy may also employ the switching operation of the second switching mechanism 332 and the third switching mechanism 333 shown in fig. 6A to connect the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 to the heat exchange medium circulation circuit including the cold storage flow path 34, so that the cold energy is transferred to the heat exchange medium in the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 through the evaporator 354 when the compression refrigeration circulation circuit 35 is operated, thereby storing the cold energy to the cold storage container 341 through the low-temperature heat exchange medium.

In this embodiment, the second switching mechanism 332 connects the cold accumulation flow path 34 including the cold accumulation container 341 to the first heat exchange flow path 31, so that the cold accumulation container 341 can accumulate cold energy, so as to meet the cooling requirement by releasing the cold energy in the situations of the battery device 10 and the like where the thermal management requirement such as rapid cooling is required, improve the reliability of the operation of the charging system, and reduce the energy consumption of the system.

Referring to fig. 5A and 6A, in some embodiments, the first heat exchange flow path 31 further includes a first pump 313, the thermal management system 30 further includes a heat exchange bypass 38 and a fourth switching mechanism 334, the first heat exchanger 311 is connected in parallel with the heat exchange bypass 38, one end of the heat exchange bypass 38 is in communication with an inlet of the first pump 313, the other end of the heat exchange bypass 38 is connected with the first heat exchange flow path 31 through the fourth switching mechanism 334, and the fourth switching mechanism 334 is configured to perform a switching operation such that the heat exchange bypass 38 is in communication with the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the fourth switching mechanism 334, or the communication relationship of the heat exchange bypass 38 with the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the fourth switching mechanism 334 is broken.

In the present embodiment, the first pump 313 may drive the first heat exchange flow path 31 to flow, and a circulation circuit may be formed when the first heat exchange flow path 31 communicates with other flow paths. One end of the heat exchange bypass 38 is in communication with the inlet of the first pump 313, and when the fourth switching mechanism 334 is switched to communicate the heat exchange bypass 38 with the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the fourth switching mechanism 334, the first pump 313 can drive the heat exchange medium through the heat exchange bypass 38, so as to meet the requirements of reducing flow resistance and simplifying the circulation loop under some working conditions.

Referring to fig. 6A, in some embodiments, the cool storage flow path 34 is configured to form a heat exchange circuit with the cool storage flow path 34 and the heat exchange bypass 38 in a portion of the first heat exchange flow path 31 that does not include the first heat exchanger 311 when both the second switching mechanism 332 and the fourth switching mechanism 334 are switched to the connected state, or to form a heat exchange circuit with the cool storage flow path 34 in a portion of the first heat exchange flow path 31 that includes the first heat exchanger 311 when the second switching mechanism 332 is switched to the connected state and the fourth switching mechanism 334 is switched to the disconnected state.

In fig. 5A and 6A, the heat exchange bypass 38 is connected in parallel with the first heat exchanger 311, and the first pump 313 in the first heat exchange flow path 31 is located outside the heat exchange bypass 38 and the first heat exchanger 311. The second switching mechanism 332 and the fourth switching mechanism 334 may switch to enable the heat exchange bypass 38 and the cold accumulation flow path 34 to both access the first heat exchange flow path 31, and at this time, based on the flow resistance of the first heat exchanger 311 or the flow distribution relationship between the heat exchange bypass 38 and the first heat exchanger 311 implemented by the fourth switching mechanism 334, a part of or all of the heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange flow path 31 may flow through the heat exchange bypass 38, so as to correspondingly reduce or avoid the heat exchange medium from flowing into the first heat exchanger 311.

Under some conditions, for example, the battery device 10 is not used for discharging during the current charging process, or the cold accumulation process of the cold accumulation container 341 is performed, and at this time, the battery device 10 and the first power conversion module 11 do not need to be further cooled or heated, the heat exchange bypass 38 can be connected through the fourth switching mechanism 334, so that the heat exchange medium at least partially bypasses the first heat exchanger 311, and more heat exchange medium can be used for cooling or cold accumulation process of the charging connector 20, so as to improve the thermal management efficiency, reduce the influence of the battery device 10 on the thermal management process, and facilitate the simplification of control logic.

When thermal management such as cooling or heating is required for the battery device 10 and the first power conversion module 11, the second switching mechanism 332 may be switched to the on state, and the fourth switching mechanism 334 may be switched to the off state, so that the cooling capacity in the cold storage container 341 may pass through the first heat exchanger 311 under the driving of the first pump 313 to meet the cooling requirement of the battery device 10 and the first power conversion module 11.

In the present embodiment, according to the switching operation of the second switching mechanism 332 and the fourth switching mechanism 334, the circulation loop in which the cold storage flow path 34 is located may flow through or bypass the first heat exchanger 311 to meet different thermal management requirements.

Referring to fig. 5A and 5B, in some embodiments, the first, second and fourth switching mechanisms 331, 332 and 334 include switching valves, respectively, or the first, second and fourth switching mechanisms 331, 332 and 334 are connected in sequence to form a four-way valve.

In fig. 5A, one end of the first heat exchange flow path 31 is connected to the third heat exchange flow path 36 through a first switching mechanism 331, and the first switching mechanism 331 may be implemented by a switching valve in an electric control manner, a hydraulic control manner, or the like. The other end of the first heat exchange flow path 31 is communicated with the first switching mechanism 331, the second switching mechanism 332 and the fourth switching mechanism 334, wherein the first switching mechanism 331, the second switching mechanism 332 and the fourth switching mechanism 334 can adopt switching valves in an electric control mode, a hydraulic control mode and the like so as to realize the on-off of the flow paths where the first switching mechanism 331, the second switching mechanism 332 and the fourth switching mechanism 334 are located. In some embodiments, the switching valve is not limited to realizing on-off of the flow path, and can realize the adjustment function of the flow rate and the flow velocity through the opening degree when the flow path is connected.

In fig. 5B, the first switching mechanism 331, the second switching mechanism 332, and the fourth switching mechanism 334 may be commonly implemented by a four-way valve. The four-way valve in fig. 5B has four ports connected to the first heat exchange flow path 31, the heat exchange bypass 38, the cold storage flow path 34, and the second heat exchange flow path 32 (or the third heat exchange flow path 36), respectively. The four-way valve can realize the disconnection of any one of the four interfaces through switching operation, realize the communication between any two interfaces or any three interfaces, and also can ensure that all the four interfaces are communicated.

In this embodiment, for the first switching mechanism 331, the second switching mechanism 332 and the fourth switching mechanism 334 which are mutually communicated, they can be implemented by switching valves respectively, so that the control independence of each switching mechanism can be improved, and the maintenance is also convenient, and they can be implemented by four-way valves together, so that the pipeline arrangement is simplified to save space and cost, the control logic is simplified, and the control reliability is improved.

Referring to fig. 6A and 6B, in some embodiments, the thermal management system 30 further includes a compression refrigeration cycle 35 and a third switching mechanism 333, the compression refrigeration cycle 35 includes an evaporator 354, the evaporator 354 has an internal heat exchange flow path 3541, the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 is connected with the first heat exchange flow path 31 through the third switching mechanism 333, the first switching mechanism 331, the second switching mechanism 332, the third switching mechanism 333, and the fourth switching mechanism 334 include switching valves, respectively, or the first switching mechanism 331, the second switching mechanism 332, the third switching mechanism 333, and the fourth switching mechanism 334 are sequentially connected to form a three-way valve or a four-way valve.

In fig. 6A, one end of the first heat exchange flow path 31 is connected to the third heat exchange flow path 36 and the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 through the first switching mechanism 331 and the third switching mechanism 333, respectively. The third switching mechanism 333 and the first switching mechanism 331 that communicate with each other may be implemented by switching valves independently or by the same valve. The other end of the first heat exchange flow path 31 is communicated with the first switching mechanism 331, the second switching mechanism 332, the third switching mechanism 333 and the fourth switching mechanism 334, and the first switching mechanism 331, the second switching mechanism 332, the third switching mechanism 333 and the fourth switching mechanism 334 which are communicated with each other can adopt switching valves in an electric control mode, a hydraulic control mode and the like to realize the on-off of the flow paths where the first switching mechanism 331, the second switching mechanism 332, the third switching mechanism 333 and the fourth switching mechanism 334 are located. In some embodiments, the switching valve is not limited to realizing on-off of the flow path, and can realize the adjustment function of the flow rate and the flow velocity through the opening degree when the flow path is connected.

In fig. 6B, the third switching mechanism 333 and the first switching mechanism 331 that communicate with each other may be implemented in common by a three-way valve having three ports that connect the first heat exchange flow path 31, the internal heat exchange flow path 3541, and the second heat exchange flow path 32, respectively. The three-way valve can realize the disconnection of any one of the three interfaces through switching operation, realize the communication between any two interfaces and also can ensure that all the three interfaces are communicated.

The first switching mechanism 331, the second switching mechanism 332, the third switching mechanism 333, and the fourth switching mechanism 334 are sequentially connected to form a three-way valve or a four-way valve. In fig. 6B, the four-way valve has four ports, which are connected to the first heat exchange flow path 31, the heat exchange bypass path 38, the cold storage flow path 34, and the three-way valve, respectively. And the three-way valve has three ports connected to the four-way valve, the second heat exchange flow path 32 and the internal heat exchange flow path 3541, respectively. In other embodiments, the first, second, third, and fourth switching mechanisms 331, 332, 333, 334 may also form other multi-way valves, such as five-way valves, and the like.

In the present embodiment, for the first switching mechanism 331, the second switching mechanism 332, the third switching mechanism 333 and the fourth switching mechanism 334 which are mutually communicated, they can be respectively realized by switching valves, control independence of the respective switching mechanisms can be improved, maintenance is also facilitated, and they can be connected to form a three-way valve or a four-way valve, which is advantageous in simplifying piping arrangement to save space and cost, simplifying control logic, and improving control reliability.

Referring to fig. 8A and 8B, in some embodiments, the first heat exchange flow path 31 and the second heat exchange flow path 32 are two independent flow paths, the thermal management system 30 further includes a second switching mechanism 332, one end of the cold storage flow path 34 is connected to the first heat exchange flow path 31 through the second switching mechanism 332, and the second switching mechanism 332 is configured to perform a switching operation to connect the cold storage flow path 34 to the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the second switching mechanism 332 or disconnect the cold storage flow path 34 from the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the second switching mechanism 332.

Two independent flow paths refer to two flow paths that are independent of each other and do not communicate with each other.

The second switching mechanism 332 may be implemented by using a switching valve such as an electric control valve or a hydraulic control valve.

The cold storage flow path 34 may be connected in series to the first heat exchange flow path 31, may be connected in parallel to the first heat exchanger 311, and may be connected in parallel to a portion of the first heat exchange flow path 31, and the second switching mechanism 332 may be connected in series to the cold storage flow path 34, so as to individually control the connection or disconnection of the cold storage flow path 34 and the first heat exchange flow path 31.

At the time of discharging the small current, the second switching mechanism 332 is switched to a state in which the cold accumulation flow path 34 communicates with the first heat exchange flow path 31, so as to store the cold energy, and to reduce the excessive cold energy from being wasted. During high-current discharge, the cold accumulation flow path 34 releases cold energy to the first heat exchange flow path 31 to reduce the additional cold energy required by the first heat exchange flow path 31, thereby saving energy consumption and improving the operation reliability of the charging system.

Referring to fig. 8A and 8B, in some embodiments, the thermal management system 30 further includes a compression refrigeration cycle 35 and a third switching mechanism 333, the compression refrigeration cycle 35 includes an evaporator 354, the evaporator 354 has an internal heat exchange flow path 3541, the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 is connected with the first heat exchange flow path 31 through the third switching mechanism 333, and the third switching mechanism 333 is configured to perform a switching operation to enable the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 to communicate with the first heat exchange flow path 31 through the third switching mechanism 333 or to disconnect the communication relationship between the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 and the first heat exchange flow path 31 through the third switching mechanism 333.

The evaporator 354, the compressor 351 and the condenser 352 may form a compression refrigeration cycle 35, the refrigerant is compressed into a high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant by the compressor 351, and the refrigerant is discharged through the condenser 352 to form a low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant, which flows through the evaporator 354 to exchange heat with the heat exchange medium in the internal heat exchange flow channel 3541.

In the two independent channels of the first heat exchange channel 31 and the second heat exchange channel 32, by the switching operation of the third switching mechanism 333, the cooling capacity of the evaporator 354 can be sent into the first heat exchange channel 31 and/or the cold accumulation container 341, so that the cooling capacity can be stored or released according to the actual use requirement of the first heat exchange channel 31, the flexibility of adjusting the temperature of the charging system is increased, meanwhile, the second heat exchange channel 32 and the first heat exchange channel 31 are two independent channels, so that the cooling capacity of the evaporator 354 can independently flow to the first heat exchange channel 31 and/or the cold accumulation channel 34, the cooling capacity of the second heat exchange channel 32 consumed by the first heat exchange channel 31 can be reduced, so that the first heat exchange channel 31 can store or release more cooling capacity, and the temperature adjustment of the first heat exchange channel 31 to the battery device is more flexible and stable, and on the other hand, the cooling capacity of the evaporator 354 can be reduced to excessively release the cooling capacity to the second heat exchange channel 32, so as to save more energy consumption.

Referring to fig. 8A and 8B, in some embodiments, the first heat exchange flow path 31 is configured to form a heat exchange circuit with at least a portion of the first heat exchange flow path 31 and the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 when the third switching mechanism 333 is switched to the communication state.

Referring to fig. 8A and 8B, in some embodiments, the thermal management system 30 further includes a second switching mechanism 332, wherein one end of the cold storage flow path 34 is connected to the first heat exchange flow path 31 through the second switching mechanism 332, so that the cold storage flow path 34 is communicated with the first heat exchange flow path 31 through the second switching mechanism 332 or the cold storage flow path 34 is disconnected from the first heat exchange flow path 31 through the second switching mechanism 332 by the switching operation of the second switching mechanism 332. The thermal management system 30 further includes a compression refrigeration cycle 35 and a third switching mechanism 333, the compression refrigeration cycle 35 including an evaporator 354, the evaporator 354 having an internal heat exchange flow path 3541, the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 being connected to the first heat exchange flow path 31 by the third switching mechanism 333, the third switching mechanism 333 being configured and adapted to perform a switching operation to cause the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 to communicate with the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the third switching mechanism 333 or to disconnect the communication relationship of the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 with the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the third switching mechanism 333. The second switching mechanism 332 and the third switching mechanism 333 each include a switching valve, the second switching mechanism 332 and the cold storage container 341 are connected in series to form a first branch, the third switching mechanism 333 and the first heat exchanger 311 are connected in series to form a second branch, the first branch and the second branch are connected in parallel, or the second switching mechanism 332 and the third switching mechanism 333 are connected to form a three-way valve.

During the high-current discharge, the second switching mechanism 332 switches the cold storage flow path 34 to a state of being in communication with the first heat exchange flow path 31, so that the cold storage flow path 34 releases cold to the first heat exchange flow path 31, and the third switching mechanism 333 switches the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 of the evaporator 354 to a state of being in communication with the first heat exchange flow path 31, so that the first heat exchanger 311 cools the battery device 10, and in the cold storage mode, the third switching mechanism 333 switches the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 to a state of being out of communication with the first heat exchange flow path 31, so that the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 is in communication with the cold storage container 341, so that the refrigerant passes through the cold storage container 341 and the phase change member 342 in the cold storage container 341 absorbs cold. Therefore, by the operation of the second switching mechanism 332 and the third switching mechanism 333, it is possible to realize the operation in different modes, and the temperature of the battery device 10 is appropriately adjusted in different charging conditions, so that the operation of the charging system is more reliable and stable.

Referring to fig. 8A and 8B, in some embodiments, the first heat exchange flow path 31 further includes a first pump 313, and the first pump 313 is configured to deliver heat exchange medium to the first heat exchanger 311 and/or the cold storage flow path 34.

By way of example, when the first branch and the second branch are connected in parallel, the first branch and the second branch are connected in series with the first pump 313, the cold storage flow path 34 and the first heat exchanger 311 are respectively connected to the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 of the evaporator 354 by switching operations of the second switching mechanism 332 and the third switching mechanism 333, the first pump 313 simultaneously feeds the heat exchange medium to the first heat exchanger 311 and the cold storage flow path 34, and one of the cold storage flow path 34 and the first heat exchanger 311 is connected to the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 of the evaporator 354 by switching operations of the second switching mechanism 332 and the third switching mechanism 333, and the first pump 313 feeds the heat exchange medium to one of the first heat exchanger 311 and the cold storage flow path 34. In other examples, a first pump may be provided in both the cold storage flow path 34 and the first heat exchange flow path 31.

The first pump 313 may deliver cold to the cold storage flow path 34 and/or the first heat exchanger 311 in different modes to form different circulation flow paths to meet different circulation demands under different conditions.

Referring to fig. 8A and 8B, in some embodiments, the thermal management system 30 further includes a third heat exchange flow path 36, the third heat exchange flow path 36 further includes a third heat exchanger 361, and the third heat exchange flow path 36 is connected in series with the second heat exchange flow path 32.

The third heat exchanger 361 may be a gas-liquid heat exchanger (a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between gas and liquid), or a liquid-liquid heat exchanger (a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between liquid and liquid). When the gas-liquid heat exchanger is adopted, air cooling heat dissipation can be adopted, namely, heat exchange is carried out between air and the heat exchange medium in the third heat exchange flow path 36, and when the liquid-liquid heat exchanger is adopted, heat exchange is carried out between the low-temperature heat exchange medium and the high-temperature heat exchange medium, so that the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the third heat exchange flow path 36 can be reduced.

The third heat exchange flow path 36 and the second heat exchange flow path 32 are connected in series to form a cooling circulation flow path of the charging connector 20, and the third heat exchanger 361 is utilized to dissipate heat, so that continuous cooling capacity can be provided for the charging connector 20, and the charging connector 20 is continuously cooled in the charging process, so that the reliability and safety of charging are improved.

Referring to fig. 8A and 8B, in some embodiments, the thermal management system 30 further includes a compression refrigeration cycle 35 and a third switching mechanism 333, the compression refrigeration cycle 35 includes a condenser 352 and an evaporator 354, the evaporator 354 has an internal heat exchange flow path 3541, the internal heat exchange flow path 3541 is connected to the first heat exchange flow path 31 through the third switching mechanism 333, the thermal management system 30 further includes a fan 37, and the fan 37 acts on the condenser 352 and the third heat exchanger 361.

Referring to fig. 2, 4A, 8A, and 8B, in some embodiments, third heat exchanger 361 includes a natural cooling heat exchanger 3611.

The natural cooling heat exchanger 3611 can utilize the cold energy in the natural environment to exchange heat with the heat exchange medium passing through the natural cooling heat exchanger 3611, so that the energy consumption can be effectively saved. As required, a fan 37 may be disposed adjacent to the natural cooling heat exchanger 3611, and the fan 37 guides the air flow in the environment to exchange heat with the natural cooling heat exchanger 3611, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency.

The natural cooling heat exchanger 3611 may adopt a heat dissipating water tank, and the outside of the natural cooling heat exchanger 3611 may be provided with a heat dissipating structure so as to take away heat under the action of air, so as to realize cooling of the heat exchange medium, and the inside of the natural cooling heat exchanger is provided with a flow channel through which the heat exchange medium flows, so that the heat exchange medium in the third heat exchange flow path 36 can smoothly flow through the natural cooling heat exchanger 3611.

In this embodiment, the natural cooling heat exchanger 3611 is disposed in the third heat exchange flow path 36, and in some working modes of the thermal management system 30, the natural heat exchange between the heat exchange medium and the outside in the thermal management system can be participated, which is beneficial to further reducing the energy consumption of the system.

Referring to fig. 7A, 7B, 8A, and 8B, in some embodiments, the first heat exchange flow path 31 further includes a heater 312, the heater 312 being configured to heat the heat exchange medium flowing through the heater 312 when the heating function is turned on.

Too low a temperature for the battery device 10 may also affect the normal use of the battery device 10 to some extent, so that the temperature of the heat exchange medium may be increased by turning on the heater 312 according to practical situations, so that the heat exchange medium with a higher temperature transfers heat to the battery device 10 through the first heat exchanger 311 to increase the temperature of the battery device 10.

The heater 312 may be an electric heater, a steam heater, or any other available heater, etc. For example, the heater 312 may be a positive temperature coefficient (Positive Temperature Coefficient, PTC) heater with high safety and high heating efficiency.

In fig. 7A, 7B, 8A and 8B, the heater 312 may be disposed between the first pump 313 and the first switching mechanism 331, and one end of the cold accumulation flow path 34 may be connected to a position of the first heat exchange flow path 31 between the heater 312 and an outlet side of the first pump 313. In other embodiments, the heater 312 may also be disposed between the first heat exchanger 311 and the first switching mechanism 331. The heater 312 is not limited to the embodiment shown in fig. 7A and 7B, but may be disposed in each of the foregoing embodiments shown in fig. 2 to 6B, and will not be described herein.

In the present embodiment, by the heating action of the heater 312 on the heat exchange medium, the temperature of the battery device 10 can be increased by the first heat exchanger 311 when the temperature of the battery device 10 is low.

Referring to fig. 2-8B, in some embodiments, the second heat exchange flow path 32 further includes a second pump 322.

The second pump 322 is capable of driving the heat exchange medium to flow in the second heat exchange flow path 32 when activated, so that the heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the charging connector 20 in the second heat exchanger 321. When the second pump 322 is turned off, an open circuit may be formed at the position where the second pump 322 is located, so that the second heat exchange flow path 32 does not participate in the circulation circuit of other heat exchange medium. In other embodiments, the second heat exchange flow path 32 may not include the second pump 322, and the driving of the heat exchange medium may be performed by driving elements in other flow paths.

In the present embodiment, by providing the second pump 322 in the second heat exchange flow path 32, the second heat exchange flow path 32 can be enabled to realize active driving of the heat exchange medium so as to form a circulation loop with other heat exchange flow paths as needed to satisfy the cooling requirement of the charging connector 20.

Referring to fig. 2-8B, in some embodiments, the charging system further includes a first power conversion module 11 and/or a second power conversion module 21. The first power conversion module 11 is connected to the battery device 10 and exchanges heat with the first heat exchanger 311. The second power conversion module 21 is connected to the charging connector 20 and exchanges heat with the second heat exchanger 321.

The first power conversion module 11 may include an AC/DC converter capable of converting alternating current from a power grid or a power generation source into direct current in order to charge the battery device 10 to cause the battery device 10 to store electrical energy. The second power conversion module 21 may include a DC/DC converter capable of converting direct current of one voltage to direct current of another voltage to match a charging interface of a charged device to be charged in order to charge the device to be charged via the charging connector 20.

In the present embodiment, any one of the first power conversion module 11 and the second power conversion module 21 generates heat when in operation, and can be made to achieve longer operation time and service life by heat exchange of the first heat exchanger 311 with the first power conversion module 11 and heat exchange of the second heat exchanger 321 with the second power conversion module 21.

A first specific embodiment of the charging system is described below with reference to fig. 1 and 7B.

The charging system includes a battery device 10, a first power conversion module 11 connected to the battery device 10, a charging connector 20, a second power conversion module 21 connected to the charging connector 20, and a thermal management system 30. The battery device 10 is used for storing electrical energy. The charging connector 20 is electrically connected to the battery device 10, and the charging connector 20 is used for charging the equipment to be charged.

The heat management system 30 includes a first heat exchange flow path 31, a second heat exchange flow path 32, a cold storage flow path 34, a compression refrigeration cycle 35, a third heat exchange flow path 36, a blower 37, a heat exchange bypass 38, a first switching mechanism 331, a second switching mechanism 332, a third switching mechanism 333, and a fourth switching mechanism 334.

The first heat exchange flow path 31 includes a first heat exchanger 311, a heater 312, and a first pump 313. The first heat exchanger 311 is for heat exchange with the battery device 10 and the first heat exchanger 311, and the heater 312 is configured to heat a heat exchange medium flowing through the heater 312 when the heating function is turned on. The second heat exchange flow path 32 includes a second heat exchanger 321 and a second pump 322. The second heat exchanger 321 is used for heat exchange with the charging connector 20 and the second heat exchanger 321.

The second heat exchange flow path 32 is connected to the first heat exchange flow path 31 through a first switching mechanism 331, and the first switching mechanism 331 is configured to be adapted to perform a switching operation such that the second heat exchange flow path 32 communicates with the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the first switching mechanism 331 or such that the second heat exchange flow path 32 is disconnected from communicating relationship with the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the first switching mechanism 331.

The third heat exchange flow path 36 further includes a third heat exchanger 361, and the third heat exchange flow path 36 is connected in parallel with the second heat exchange flow path 32 and connected with the first heat exchange flow path 31 through the first switching mechanism 331 so that the third heat exchange flow path 36 communicates with the first heat exchange flow path 31 through the first switching mechanism 331 or the communication relationship of the third heat exchange flow path 36 with the first heat exchange flow path 31 through the first switching mechanism 331 is disconnected by the switching operation of the first switching mechanism 331.

The compression refrigeration cycle 35 includes a condenser 352 and an evaporator 354, the evaporator 354 having an internal heat exchange flow passage 3541, the internal heat exchange flow passage 3541 being connected to the first heat exchange flow passage 31 through a third switching mechanism 333, the third switching mechanism 333 being configured to perform a switching operation to cause the internal heat exchange flow passage 3541 to communicate with the first heat exchange flow passage 31 via the third switching mechanism 333 or to disconnect the communication relationship of the internal heat exchange flow passage 3541 with the first heat exchange flow passage 31 via the third switching mechanism 333. The fan 37 acts on the condenser 352 and the third heat exchanger 361.

The cold storage flow path 34 includes a cold storage container 341, the cold storage container 341 is configured to be filled with a heat exchange medium, a phase change member 342 is located in the cold storage container 341, the phase change member 342 is used for absorbing or releasing cold energy of the heat exchange medium, and the second heat exchange flow path 32 includes a second heat exchanger 321 used for exchanging heat with the charging connector 20. The cold storage container 341 is configured to store and release cold energy, and the cold storage flow path 34 is connected to the first heat exchange flow path 31 through the second switching mechanism 332, and the second switching mechanism 332 is configured to perform a switching operation such that the cold storage flow path 34 communicates with the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the second switching mechanism 332, or such that the cold storage flow path 34 is disconnected from communicating relationship with the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the second switching mechanism 332.

The first heat exchanger 311 is connected in parallel with the heat exchange bypass 38, one end of the heat exchange bypass 38 is connected to the inlet of the first pump 313, and the other end is connected to the first heat exchange flow path 31 through a fourth switching mechanism 334, the fourth switching mechanism 334 being configured to be adapted to perform a switching operation to cause the heat exchange bypass 38 to communicate with the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the fourth switching mechanism 334, or to disconnect the heat exchange bypass 38 from communicating relationship with the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the fourth switching mechanism 334.

The second embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 8A, 8B, and 9A.

The heat management system 30 includes a first heat exchange flow path 31, a second heat exchange flow path 32, and a cold storage flow path 34, a compression refrigeration cycle 35, a third heat exchange flow path 36, a fan 37, a second switching mechanism 332, and a third switching mechanism 333. The first heat exchange flow path 31 includes a first heat exchanger 311 for heat exchange with the battery device 10, the cool storage flow path 34 is connected with the first heat exchange flow path 31 in a switchable connection and disconnection manner, the cool storage flow path 34 includes a cool storage container 341 and a phase change member 342, the cool storage container 341 is configured to be suitable for being introduced with a heat exchange medium, the phase change member 342 is located within the cool storage container 341, the phase change member 342 is used for absorbing or releasing cool energy of the heat exchange medium, and the second heat exchange flow path 32 includes a second heat exchanger 321 for heat exchange with the charging connector 20.

One end of the cold storage flow path 34 is connected to the first heat exchange flow path 31 by the second switching mechanism 332, so that the cold storage flow path 34 communicates with the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the second switching mechanism 332 by a switching operation of the second switching mechanism 332, or the cold storage flow path 34 is disconnected from the first heat exchange flow path 31 via the second switching mechanism 332. The compression refrigeration cycle 35 includes an evaporator 354, the evaporator 354 having an internal heat exchange flow passage 3541, the internal heat exchange flow passage 3541 being connected to the first heat exchange flow passage 31 by a third switching mechanism 333, the third switching mechanism 333 being configured and adapted to perform a switching operation to cause the internal heat exchange flow passage 3541 to communicate with the first heat exchange flow passage 31 via the third switching mechanism 333 or to disconnect the communication relationship of the internal heat exchange flow passage 3541 with the first heat exchange flow passage 31 via the third switching mechanism 333. The second switching mechanism 332 and the third switching mechanism 333 each include a switching valve, the second switching mechanism 332 and the cold storage container 341 are connected in series to form a first branch, the third switching mechanism 333 and the first heat exchanger 311 are connected in series to form a second branch, and the first branch and the second branch are connected in parallel. The first pump 313 is used to feed the heat exchange medium to the first heat exchanger 311 and/or the cold storage flow path 34.

The third heat exchange flow path 36 further includes a third heat exchanger 361, and the third heat exchange flow path 36 is connected in series with the second heat exchange flow path 32. The third heat exchanger 361 includes a natural cooling heat exchanger 3611.

The first heat exchange flow path 31 further includes a heater 312, the heater 312 being configured to heat the heat exchange medium flowing through the heater 312 when the heating function is turned on.

In this specification, various embodiments are described in an incremental manner, where the emphasis of each embodiment is different, and where the same or similar parts of each embodiment are referred to each other.

It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present application, but not to limit the technical solution of the present application, and although the detailed description of the present application is given with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution described in the above embodiments may be modified or some or all technical features may be equivalently replaced, and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, and all the modifications or substitutions are included in the scope of the claims and the specification of the present application. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the respective embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but encompasses all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A charging system, comprising:

a battery device (10) for storing electrical energy;

A charging connector (20) electrically connected with the battery device (10) for charging the equipment to be charged, and

A thermal management system (30) comprising a first heat exchange flow path (31), a second heat exchange flow path (32), and a cold storage flow path (34);

Wherein the first heat exchange flow path (31) comprises a first heat exchanger (311) for heat exchange with the battery device (10), the cold accumulation flow path (34) is connected with the first heat exchange flow path (31) in a switchable connection and disconnection manner, the cold accumulation flow path (34) comprises a cold accumulation container (341) and a phase change component (342), the cold accumulation container (341) is configured to be suitable for being filled with a heat exchange medium, the phase change component (342) is positioned in the cold accumulation container (341), the phase change component (342) is used for absorbing or releasing cold energy of the heat exchange medium, and the second heat exchange flow path (32) comprises a second heat exchanger (321) for heat exchange with the charging connector (20).

2. The charging system of claim 1, wherein the phase change member (342) comprises a thermally conductive housing (3421) and a phase change layer (3422), the thermally conductive housing (3421) having a closed containment cavity filled with the phase change layer (3422).

3. The charging system of claim 1, wherein the number of phase change members (342) is plural, and a plurality of the phase change members (342) are disposed at intervals.

4. The charging system according to claim 1, wherein the thermal management system (30) further comprises a first switching mechanism (331), the second heat exchange flow path (32) being connected to the first heat exchange flow path (31) by the first switching mechanism (331), the first switching mechanism (331) being configured to perform a switching operation to put the second heat exchange flow path (32) in communication with the first heat exchange flow path (31) via the first switching mechanism (331) or to disconnect the second heat exchange flow path (32) from communication with the first heat exchange flow path (31) via the first switching mechanism (331).

5. The charging system according to claim 4, wherein the thermal management system (30) further comprises a compression refrigeration cycle circuit (35) and a third switching mechanism (333), the compression refrigeration cycle circuit (35) comprising an evaporator (354), the evaporator (354) having an internal heat exchange flow path (3541), the internal heat exchange flow path (3541) being connected with the first heat exchange flow path (31) by the third switching mechanism (333), the third switching mechanism (333) being configured to perform a switching operation to cause the internal heat exchange flow path (3541) to communicate with the first heat exchange flow path (31) via the third switching mechanism (333) or to disconnect the communication relationship of the internal heat exchange flow path (3541) with the first heat exchange flow path (31) via the third switching mechanism (333).

6. The charging system according to claim 5, wherein the first heat exchange flow path (31) is configured to form a heat exchange circuit with at least a part of the first heat exchange flow path (31) and the internal heat exchange flow path (3541) when the third switching mechanism (333) is switched to a communication state.

7. The charging system of claim 5, wherein the third switching mechanism (333) and the first switching mechanism (331) each comprise a switching valve, or wherein the third switching mechanism (333) and the first switching mechanism (331) are connected to form a three-way valve.

8. The charging system according to claim 4, wherein the thermal management system (30) further comprises a third heat exchange flow path (36), the third heat exchange flow path (36) further comprising a third heat exchanger (361), the third heat exchange flow path (36) being connected in parallel with the second heat exchange flow path (32) and with the first heat exchange flow path (31) through the first switching mechanism (331), the first switching mechanism (331) being configured to perform a switching operation such that the third heat exchange flow path (36) communicates with the first heat exchange flow path (31) via the first switching mechanism (331) or the third heat exchange flow path (36) is disconnected from communicating relation with the first heat exchange flow path (31) via the first switching mechanism (331).

9. The charging system according to claim 8, wherein the first heat exchange flow path (31) is configured to form a heat exchange circuit with at least a part of the first heat exchange flow path (31) and the third heat exchange flow path (36) when the first switching mechanism (331) is switched to a communication state.

10. The charging system of claim 8, wherein the third heat exchanger (361) comprises a natural cooling heat exchanger (3611).

11. The charging system of claim 8, wherein the thermal management system (30) further comprises a compression refrigeration cycle (35) and a third switching mechanism (333), the compression refrigeration cycle (35) comprising a condenser (352) and an evaporator (354), the evaporator (354) having an internal heat exchange flow path (3541), the internal heat exchange flow path (3541) being connected to the first heat exchange flow path (31) through the third switching mechanism (333), the thermal management system (30) further comprising a fan (37), the fan (37) acting on the condenser (352) and the third heat exchanger (361).

12. The charging system according to claim 5, wherein the thermal management system (30) further comprises a second switching mechanism (332), one end of the cold storage flow path (34) being connected to the first heat exchange flow path (31) through the second switching mechanism (332), the second switching mechanism (332) being configured to perform a switching operation to cause the cold storage flow path (34) to communicate with the first heat exchange flow path (31) via the second switching mechanism (332) or to disconnect the cold storage flow path (34) from communicating relationship with the first heat exchange flow path (31) via the second switching mechanism (332).

13. The charging system according to claim 12, wherein the first heat exchange flow path (31) further comprises a first pump (313), the thermal management system (30) further comprises a heat exchange bypass (38) and a fourth switching mechanism (334), the first heat exchanger (311) is connected in parallel with the heat exchange bypass (38), one end of the heat exchange bypass (38) is in communication with an inlet of the first pump (313), the other end of the heat exchange bypass (38) is connected with the first heat exchange flow path (31) by the fourth switching mechanism (334), and the fourth switching mechanism (334) is configured to be adapted to perform a switching operation to cause the heat exchange bypass (38) to communicate with the first heat exchange flow path (31) via the fourth switching mechanism (334) or to disconnect the heat exchange bypass (38) from communicating relationship with the first heat exchange flow path (31) via the fourth switching mechanism (334).

14. The charging system according to claim 13, wherein the cold storage flow path (34) is configured to form a heat exchange circuit with the cold storage flow path (34) and the heat exchange bypass (38) in a part of the first heat exchange flow path (31) that does not include the first heat exchanger (311) when both the second switching mechanism (332) and the fourth switching mechanism (334) are switched to the connected state, or to form a heat exchange circuit with the cold storage flow path (34) in a part of the first heat exchange flow path (31) that includes the first heat exchanger (311) when the second switching mechanism (332) is switched to the connected state and the fourth switching mechanism (334) is switched to the disconnected state.

15. The charging system according to claim 13, wherein the first switching mechanism (331), the second switching mechanism (332), and the fourth switching mechanism (334) each comprise a switching valve, or the first switching mechanism (331), the second switching mechanism (332), and the fourth switching mechanism (334) are connected in sequence and form a four-way valve.

16. The charging system according to claim 13, wherein the first switching mechanism (331), the second switching mechanism (332), the third switching mechanism (333), and the fourth switching mechanism (334) each include a switching valve, or the first switching mechanism (331), the second switching mechanism (332), the third switching mechanism (333), and the fourth switching mechanism (334) are sequentially connected to form a three-way valve or a four-way valve.

17. The charging system according to claim 1, wherein the first heat exchange flow path (31) and the second heat exchange flow path (32) are two independent flow paths, the thermal management system (30) further comprising a second switching mechanism (332), one end of the cold storage flow path (34) being connected to the first heat exchange flow path (31) by the second switching mechanism (332), the second switching mechanism (332) being configured to perform a switching operation to cause the cold storage flow path (34) to communicate with the first heat exchange flow path (31) via the second switching mechanism (332) or to disconnect the cold storage flow path (34) from communicating with the first heat exchange flow path (31) via the second switching mechanism (332).

18. The charging system according to claim 1, wherein the thermal management system (30) further comprises a compression refrigeration cycle circuit (35) and a third switching mechanism (333), the compression refrigeration cycle circuit (35) comprising an evaporator (354), the evaporator (354) having an internal heat exchange flow path (3541), the internal heat exchange flow path (3541) being connected with the first heat exchange flow path (31) by the third switching mechanism (333), the third switching mechanism (333) being configured to perform a switching operation such that the internal heat exchange flow path (3541) communicates with the first heat exchange flow path (31) via the third switching mechanism (333) or such that the internal heat exchange flow path (3541) is disconnected from communicating relationship with the first heat exchange flow path (31) via the third switching mechanism (333).

19. The charging system according to claim 18, wherein the first heat exchange flow path (31) is configured to be in

When the third switching mechanism (333) is switched to the communication state, at least part of the first heat exchange flow path (31) is caused to

Forms a heat exchange loop with the internal heat exchange flow channel (3541).

20. The charging system according to claim 1, wherein the thermal management system (30) further comprises a second switching mechanism (332), the cold storage flow path (34) being connected to the first heat exchange flow path (31) by the second switching mechanism (332), the second switching mechanism (332) being configured to perform a switching operation to put the cold storage flow path (34) in communication with the first heat exchange flow path (31) via the second switching mechanism (332) or to disconnect the cold storage flow path (34) from communication with the first heat exchange flow path (31) via the second switching mechanism (332);

The thermal management system (30) further comprises a compression refrigeration cycle (35) and a third switching mechanism (333), the compression refrigeration cycle (35) comprising an evaporator (354), the evaporator (354) having an internal heat exchange flow passage (3541), the internal heat exchange flow passage (3541) being connected with the first heat exchange flow passage (31) by the third switching mechanism (333), the third switching mechanism (333) being configured to perform a switching operation such that the internal heat exchange flow passage (3541) communicates with the first heat exchange flow passage (31) via the third switching mechanism (333) or the internal heat exchange flow passage (3541) is disconnected from communicating relationship with the first heat exchange flow passage (31) via the third switching mechanism (333);

the second switching mechanism (332) and the third switching mechanism (333) each comprise a switching valve, the second switching mechanism (332) and the cold accumulation container are connected in series to form a first branch, the third switching mechanism (333) and the first heat exchanger (311) are connected in series to form a second branch, the first branch and the second branch are connected in parallel, or the second switching mechanism (332) and the third switching mechanism (333) are connected to form a three-way valve.

21. Charging system according to any one of claims 17-20, wherein the first heat exchange flow path (31) further comprises a first pump (313), the first pump (313) being adapted to deliver a heat exchange medium to the first heat exchanger (311) and/or the cold storage flow path.

22. The charging system according to any one of claims 18-20, wherein the thermal management system (30) further comprises a third heat exchange flow path (36), the third heat exchange flow path (36) comprising a third heat exchanger (361), the third heat exchange flow path (36) being connected in series with the second heat exchange flow path (32).

23. The charging system of claim 22, wherein the third heat exchanger (361) comprises a natural cooling heat exchanger (3611).

24. The charging system of claim 22, wherein the thermal management system (30) further comprises a fan (37), the compression refrigeration cycle (35) further comprises a condenser (352), and the fan (37) acts on the condenser (352) and the third heat exchanger (361).

25. The charging system according to any one of claims 1-20, wherein the first heat exchange flow path (31) further comprises a heater (312), the heater (312) being configured to heat the heat exchange medium flowing through the heater (312) when the heating function is turned on.

26. The charging system of any one of claims 1-20, wherein the second heat exchange flow path (32) further comprises a second pump (322).

27. The charging system of any one of claims 1-20, wherein the charging system further comprises:

a first power conversion module (11) connected to the battery device (10) and connected to the first heat exchanger

(311) Heat exchange, and/or

A second power conversion module (21) connected to the charging connector (20) and connected to the second heat exchanger

(321) Heat exchange is performed.