CN221300003U - Linear and spiral combined conduction mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of mechanical transmission, in particular to a linear and spiral combined transmission mechanism. The inner peripheral surface of the inner sleeve and the outer peripheral surface of the central shaft, the outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve and the inner peripheral surface of the outer sleeve respectively form linear and rotary sliding fit through a spline and a chute, and a lubrication layer is arranged at the joint part of the spline and the chute. The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the integrated operation of the two sets of mechanisms of the linear transmission and the spiral transmission is realized, so that the cost and the occupied space are saved, and more application scenes are met; the combination of the metal steel and the high polymer material can effectively reduce friction in the transmission process, and the transmission efficiency is improved by reducing the friction coefficient; the requirements on processing precision and processing equipment are lower, the rejection rate is reduced, the processing speed is improved, and the production cost is reduced; the noise and vibration during operation can be reduced, and the comfort in the use process can be improved.

Description

Linear and spiral combined conduction mechanism

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of mechanical transmission, in particular to a linear and spiral transmission mechanism.

Background

Spiral and linear mechanical transmission and guidance mainly refer to transmission of power and movement rotation by using a mechanical structure. In the current spiral and linear transmission technology, a spiral spline shaft and a linear spline shaft are matched with a matched sliding sleeve to finish spiral and linear transmission. In both transmission modes, the surface contact transmission is formed between metals, and the requirements on the machining precision and the dimensional tolerance are very strict. The coefficient of friction between metallic materials is generally high without involving specific conditions such as material type, peripheral surface treatment, and lubrication. If the parts in the transmission system do not meet tight tolerance requirements, vibration and excessive wear can be induced during transmission, resulting in unstable operation of the system. Furthermore, the higher coefficient of friction between metals not only accelerates wear, but may also lead to reduced efficiency and energy loss.

The high molecular materials such as Polyamide (PA), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) and the like have good toughness and lubricity although not high in mechanical strength and rigidity of metal steel, are applied to a low-strength transmission system, realize transmission matching of metal and the high molecular materials, and can effectively reduce friction coefficient, thereby realizing smoother transmission process. However, the simple replacement of metal steels with polymeric materials may be susceptible to deformation or damage when subjected to large loads, particularly in high pressure or high torque applications, due to their generally relatively low mechanical strength and stiffness.

Therefore, development and design of a transmission system capable of bearing high load and reducing friction and abrasion are key problems to be solved in the technical field of screw transmission.

Disclosure of utility model

The utility model aims to solve the problems of the prior art, and provides a linear and spiral combined transmission mechanism, so as to solve the problems of high friction loss or easy deformation or damage when external force is applied to the conventional transmission and guide mechanism.

The technical scheme of the utility model comprises the following steps:

the linear and spiral combined conduction mechanism comprises a central shaft, an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve arranged between the central shaft and the outer sleeve, wherein the inner circumferential surface of the inner sleeve is in linear and rotary sliding fit with the outer circumferential surface of the central shaft, and the outer circumferential surface of the inner sleeve and the inner circumferential surface of the outer sleeve respectively form a spline and a chute.

The above scheme further includes:

the spline comprises a linear spline and a spiral spline, the corresponding chute comprises a linear chute and a spiral chute, the inner peripheral surface of the inner sleeve and the outer peripheral surface of the central shaft form spiral sliding fit in a combined mode of the spiral spline and the spiral chute, and the outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve and the inner peripheral surface of the outer sleeve form linear sliding fit in a combined mode of the linear spline and the linear chute; or the inner peripheral surface of the inner sleeve and the outer peripheral surface of the central shaft form linear sliding fit in a combined mode of a linear spline and a linear chute, and the outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve and the inner peripheral surface of the outer sleeve form spiral sliding fit in a combined mode of a spiral spline and a spiral chute.

The inner peripheral surface of the inner sleeve and the central shaft, and the spline and the chute arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve form linear sliding fit or spiral sliding fit, which are in clearance fit, and at least one group of lubrication layers are respectively arranged in the corresponding clearance fit of the inner sleeve and the central shaft, and the spline and the chute between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve.

The number of the spline and chute combinations arranged between the inner sleeve and the central shaft and between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve is preferably 4-12, wherein the spline and chute combinations provided with the lubricating layer and the spline and chute combinations not provided with the lubricating layer are alternately arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

The mode of arranging the lubricating layer comprises the following steps: either on the outer skin or side portions of the spline alone, or on the runner outer skin or side portions alone, or on the corresponding spline and runner outer skin or side portions, respectively.

The rotation angle degree of the spiral spline and the spiral chute is more than or equal to 1 degree and less than or equal to 15 degrees.

The lubricating layer material comprises at least one of Polyamide (PA), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP).

The base layer of the spline and the chute is made of at least one of metal steel, alloy steel, titanium alloy and chromium-molybdenum steel.

The beneficial effects of the application are as follows:

1. The utility model integrates the existing single spiral transmission and the linear transmission through the inner sleeve with special design, and realizes the integrated operation of the two sets of mechanisms of the linear transmission and the spiral transmission on the premise of only increasing the cost of one part of the inner sleeve, thereby saving the cost and the occupied space and meeting more application scenes.

2. The combination of the metal steel and the high polymer material can effectively reduce friction in the transmission process, and the transmission efficiency is improved by reducing the friction coefficient. And when the external force acts, the strength and the rigidity between the spline and the sliding groove and the simple metal steel are utilized to resist the external force, so that the damage or the damage of the screw transmission mechanism caused by excessive deformation of the lubricating layer arranged on the spline and the sliding groove due to insufficient strength of the high polymer material is prevented, and the stability and the reliability are good.

3. Under the same friction coefficient condition, when the materials are different, the processing precision requirements are different, and through the cooperation of metal and polymer materials, the polymer materials have higher elasticity, deformability (toughness) and different thermal expansion coefficients compared with metal, compared with metal steel, the polymer material surface layer is easier to process, the requirements on processing precision and processing equipment are lower, the rejection rate is reduced, the processing speed is improved, and the production cost is reduced.

4. The high polymer material can provide better vibration absorption performance as the lubricating layer, which is helpful for reducing noise and vibration during operation and improving comfort during use.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an isometric schematic view of an embodiment of a combined linear and helical conduction mechanism.

Fig. 2 is an exploded view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view at a in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a combined straight and spiral conduction mechanism.

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a combined linear and helical conduction mechanism.

Wherein:

1. A central shaft; 11. a first spline; 111. a first spline base layer; 112. a first spline surface layer; 12. a second spline;

2. an inner sleeve; 21. a first helical spline; 211. a first helical spline base layer; 212. a first helical spline surface layer; 22. a second helical spline; 23. a first chute; 24. a second chute;

3. An outer sleeve; 31. a first helical chute; 311. a first spiral chute base layer; 312. the surface layer of the first spiral chute; 32. and a second spiral chute.

Detailed Description

The present utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the linear and spiral combined conduction mechanism comprises a central shaft 1, an inner sleeve 2 and an outer sleeve 3, wherein the inner peripheral surface of the inner sleeve 2 and the outer peripheral surface of the central shaft 1, and the outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve 2 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer sleeve 3 respectively form linear and rotary sliding fit through a spline and a chute. Wherein:

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, one of the splines is a linear spline, such as a first spline 11 and a second spline 12 on the outer peripheral surface of the central shaft 1, and the corresponding linear sliding grooves are a first sliding groove 23 and a second sliding groove 24 on the inner peripheral surface of the inner sleeve 2 respectively; the other spline is a spiral spline, such as a first spiral spline 21 and a second spiral spline 22 on the outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve 2, and the corresponding spiral sliding grooves are a first spiral sliding groove 31 and a second spiral sliding groove 32 on the inner peripheral surface of the outer sleeve 3.

Of course, the combination mode of the inner straight line and the outer spiral can also be combined by the inner sleeve 2 and the central shaft 1 through spiral splines and spiral sliding grooves, and the inner sleeve 2 and the outer sleeve 3 are combined by the straight splines and the straight sliding grooves to form the combination mode of the inner spiral and the outer straight line.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the outstanding innovation that at least one group of lubricating layers are arranged in the corresponding gaps respectively in the clearance fit of the spline and the sliding groove between the inner sleeve and the central shaft and between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve 3. What needs to be specifically stated is: the spline and chute cooperation between the inner sleeve 2 and the central shaft 1 and the outer sleeve 3 are clearance fit, namely: the first spline 11 and the second spline 12 respectively reserve certain gaps with the corresponding first chute 23 and second chute 24, and the first helical spline 21 and the second helical spline 22 respectively reserve certain gaps with the corresponding first helical chute 31 and second helical chute 32. The clearance space arrangement between the first spline 11 and the first runner 23, the first helical spline 21 and the first helical runner 31 should be such that the space requirement for an effective arrangement of the lubricating layer at the clearance can be met, whereas the clearance between the second spline 12 and the second runner 24, the second helical spline 22 and the second helical runner 32 should be such that the spline and the runner joint is not in direct contact.

The convex shape of the first spline 11 or the second spline 12 includes an arc shape, a trapezoid shape or a triangle shape, and the corresponding chute also includes an arc shape, a trapezoid shape or a triangle shape, a convex shape, and in this embodiment, an arc shape is preferable.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the lubricating layer in this embodiment corresponds to the first spline surface layer 112 and/or the surface layer of the first runner 23, and the first helical spline surface layer 212 and/or the first helical runner surface layer 312, respectively.

The further arrangement mode of the lubricating layer comprises the following steps: alone in the outer spline layer (e.g., the convex outer surface of the first spline 11 is integrally provided, i.e., fully provided) or in the side portion (e.g., the convex outer surface of the first spline 11 is provided only in the side portion, i.e., partially provided), and so on, alone in the runner outer layer or side portion, or in the corresponding spline and runner outer layer or side portion, respectively.

As shown in fig. 4, the number of the spline and runner combinations between the inner sleeve and the central shaft and between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve 3 is preferably 4-12, in this embodiment 8, wherein the spline and runner combinations with and without lubrication layers are respectively 4 groups and are alternately arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

The rotation angle degree of the spiral spline and the spiral chute is larger than or equal to 1 degree and smaller than or equal to 15 degrees, and the specific value can be determined by calculating by combining an axial displacement value and a circumferential displacement value or by experiment.

The lubricating layer comprises at least one of Polyamide (PA), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP). The base layer (also can be a central shaft or an inner barrel sleeve and the outer barrel 3) of the spline and the chute is made of at least one of metal steel (which can be understood as high-strength steel such as 45# steel), alloy steel, titanium alloy and chromium-molybdenum steel.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a combined straight and spiral conduction mechanism includes a center shaft 1, an inner sleeve 2 and an outer sleeve 3, the center shaft 1 has an axis, and the outer peripheral surface is provided with a first spline 11 parallel to the axis. The inner sleeve 2 is sleeved on the central shaft 1, a first chute 23 matched with the first spline 11 is arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the inner sleeve, the central shaft 1 and the inner sleeve 2 are in linear sliding fit connection through the spline and the chute, and the second spline 12 is matched with the second chute 24 in clearance fit. The outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve 2 is provided with a first spiral spline 21 and a second spiral spline 22, the outer sleeve 3 is sleeved on the inner sleeve 2, the inner peripheral surface is provided with a first spiral chute 31 and a second spiral chute 32, the inner sleeve 2 and the outer sleeve 3 form spiral sliding connection with the first spiral chute 31 through the first spiral spline 21, and the second spiral spline 22 is matched with the second spiral chute 32 in a clearance fit manner. The first helical spline 21, the second helical spline 22, the first helical runner 31 and the second helical runner 32 refer to a structure in which a geometric figure extends in a helical runner shape. The spline and the chute base material or the base layer are made of high-strength metal, and gaps are formed between the spline and the chute. Specifically, the first spline 11 and the first runner 23, the first helical spline 21 and the first helical runner 31 are provided with a lubricating layer made of a polymer material, that is, the first spline surface layer 112 and/or the first runner 23 surface layer, the first helical spline surface layer 212 and/or the first helical runner surface layer 312, in the gaps. The splines and sliding grooves between the central shaft 1 and the inner sleeve 2 and between the inner sleeve 2 and the outer sleeve 3 thus form two types of matching modes, namely, one type of matching mode is that the first spline 11 and the first sliding groove 23, the first spiral spline 21 and the first spiral sliding groove 31 form sliding matching through a lubricating layer, and the other type of matching mode is that the second spline 12 and the second sliding groove 24 and the second spiral spline 22 and the second spiral sliding groove 32 still keep clearance matching.

As shown in fig. 2, the inner sleeve 2 is provided with a plurality of first spiral splines 21 and a plurality of second spiral splines 22, and likewise, the outer sleeve 3 is provided with a plurality of first spiral sliding grooves 31 and a plurality of second spiral sliding grooves 32, wherein the first spiral splines 21 and the first spiral sliding grooves 31 are in sliding fit, and when the inner sleeve 2 moves under the drive of external power, the transmission of the received external force to the outer sleeve 3 can be realized through the matching of the first spiral splines 21 and the first spiral sliding grooves 31 so as to drive the outer sleeve 3 to move.

When the inner sleeve 2 is not subjected to external power, i.e. the inner sleeve 2 and the outer sleeve 3 are kept relatively stationary, the second helical spline 22 and the second helical runner 32 do not form direct contact, i.e. a certain gap exists between the two, and the gap is smaller than the maximum deformation amount of the first helical spline surface layer 212 (i.e. the lubricating layer) arranged on the first helical spline 21 or the first helical runner surface layer 312 (i.e. the lubricating layer) arranged on the first helical runner 31, and when the outer sleeve 3 is subjected to external power, the outer sleeve 3 firstly acts on the first helical spline 21 through the first helical runner 31 to force the first helical spline surface layer 212 arranged on the first helical spline 21 or the first helical runner surface layer 312 arranged on the first helical runner 31 to deform. It is known that any material structure will have a safety threshold when deformed, i.e. beyond which the structure is destroyed or even destroyed. When the external force is large enough, that is, the deformation amount of the first spiral spline surface layer 212 arranged on the first spiral spline 21 or the first spiral chute surface layer 312 arranged on the first spiral chute 31 (the deformation amount is not greater than the safety threshold) is equal to or even greater than the gap between the second spiral spline 22 and the second spiral chute 32, at this time, the second spiral spline 22 will form an interference to the second spiral chute 32, that is, the second spiral spline 22 will form a support to the second spiral chute 32, so as to avoid that the external force borne by the outer sleeve 3 forces the first spiral spline surface layer 212 arranged on the first spiral spline 21 or the first spiral chute surface layer 312 arranged on the first spiral chute 31 to continue to deform, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the first spiral spline surface layer 212 or the first spiral chute surface layer 312.

As shown in fig. 4, the number of the first helical spline 21, the second helical spline 22, the first helical runner 31, and the second helical runner 32 is preferably 4, and as shown in fig. 5, the number of the first helical spline 21, the second helical spline 22, the first helical runner 31, and the second helical runner 32 is preferably 1, respectively. It will be appreciated that the number may be one or more in the selection of the number of spline and runner combinations, provided that the application scenario has a combination of balance, stability and economy.

In the embodiment where the first helical spline 21 and the first helical runner 31 have the first helical spline surface layer 212 and the first helical runner surface layer 312, that is, the first helical spline 21 and the first helical runner 31 are in direct contact with the polymer material, the thicknesses of the first helical spline surface layer 212 and the first helical runner surface layer 312 may be the same or different, and only the transmission matching function of the transmission structure provided in this embodiment needs to be satisfied.

Wherein, there are three kinds of situations between the first spiral spline 21 and the first spiral chute 31, the first situation: as shown in fig. 4, the first helical spline 21 includes a first helical spline base layer 211 and a first helical spline surface layer 212, the first helical spline base layer 211 is made of a metal material integrally provided with the inner socket 2, and the first helical spline surface layer 212 is made of a polymer material. The first helical spline 21 and the first helical chute 31 form transmission of direct contact between the high polymer material and the metal material, so that the aim of smooth matching is fulfilled.

Second case: as shown in fig. 5, the first spiral chute 31 includes a first spiral chute base layer 311 and a first spiral chute surface layer 312, the first spiral spline base layer 211 is made of a metal material integrally provided with the inner sleeve 2, and the first spiral chute surface layer 312 is made of a polymer material. The first helical spline 21 and the first helical chute 31 form transmission of direct contact between the metal material and the polymer material, so that the aim of smooth matching is fulfilled.

Third case: the first helical spline 21 includes a first helical spline base layer 211 and a first helical spline surface layer 212, the first helical spline base layer 211 is made of a metal material integrally provided with the inner socket 2, and the first helical spline surface layer 212 is made of a polymer material. The first spiral chute 31 comprises a first spline base layer 111 and a first spiral chute surface layer 312, the first spline base layer 111 is made of metal materials integrally arranged with the inner sleeve 2, the first spiral chute surface layer 312 is made of high polymer materials, and transmission of direct contact between the high polymer materials and the high polymer materials is formed between the first spiral spline 21 and the first spiral chute 31, so that the aim of smooth matching is achieved.

In order to achieve the above purpose, that is, the first helical spline 21 and the first helical runner 31 can form a driving fit, when the outer sleeve 3 receives an external force, the second helical spline 22 and the second helical runner 32 can protect the driving fit formed between the first helical spline 21 and the first helical runner 31, so as to ensure that no deformation exceeding a safety threshold value occurs.

In some embodiments, the first helical spline 21 and the second helical spline 22 are uniform in size, shape. The above-mentioned substantial agreement means that the thread shapes, diameters, pitches, depths, etc. in the first and second helical splines 21 and 22 are substantially equivalent, wherein, optimally, the thread shapes, diameters, pitches, depths, etc. in the first and second helical splines 21 and 22 are all identical, and at this time, the processing is relatively easy and the stress is more uniform when the transmission and compression are performed, and it should be understood that, since the first helical spline 21 is in transmission engagement with the first helical runner 31 and the second helical spline 22 and the second helical runner 32 are in clearance engagement, the thread shapes, diameters, pitches, depths, etc. in the first and second helical splines 21 and 22 may be slightly different, that is, the thread shapes, diameters, pitches, depths, etc. in the first and second helical splines 21 and 22 may be inconsistent.

Further, in the present embodiment, in order to enable the driving member to achieve the driving load with a smaller force, it is preferable that the angle of the helical groove angle of the first helical spline 21 and the second helical spline 22 be in the range of 1 ° to 15 °. The driving element is a functional component capable of outputting a force, such as a motor, and when the angle of the spiral groove angle of the first spiral spline 21 and the second spiral spline 22 is in the range of 1 ° to 15 °, the smaller the degree of the spiral groove angle, the lower the power requirement on the motor. For example, as is generally known, the smaller the lead (corresponding to the helical groove angle complementary to the helical groove lead angle in the present embodiment) of a screw, screw nut, helical groove spline, etc., the lower the power of the motor may be required to carry the same load.

It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, to ensure that the coefficient of friction can be reduced, specific high polymer materials that can be used to construct the first helical spline surface layer 212 and/or the first helical runner surface layer 312 include, but are not limited to, at least one of Polyamide (PA), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP).

Among them, polyamide (PA) is known to have good strength and toughness, can withstand large forces without breaking, is excellent in wear resistance, and is suitable for use in manufacturing parts requiring wear resistance such as gears, bearings, and the like. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) has a very low surface coefficient of friction, is very stable to almost all chemicals, is difficult to corrode, and still exhibits good wear resistance and impact resistance under certain conditions.

It should be understood that, although the present application describes only that the polymer material is Polyamide (PA), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP), it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the polymer material layer is provided because the polymer material has a certain self-lubricity, and can effectively reduce the friction coefficient under the condition of the same surface machining precision, so that the transmission process is smoother, so that, by the same means of the present application, only the specific materials or components of the first helical spline surface layer 212 and/or the first helical chute surface layer 312 are changed, and it should be understood that the polymer material may also be Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic (GFRP), aramid fiber reinforced material, or the like, within the scope of the present application.

Further, in order to enable the second helical spline 22 and the second helical runner 32 to better protect the first helical spline 21 and the first helical runner 31, in the present application, the metal is preferably at least one of 45 steel, Q235, alloy steel, titanium alloy, chrome molybdenum steel.

It should be noted that the first helical spline 21 and the first helical runner 31 may be understood as a transmission portion and the second helical spline 22 and the second helical runner 32 as a bearing portion. Optimally, the transmission part and the bearing part are arranged at intervals, so that the transmission and the compression resistance are uniformly distributed, and the power transmission and the guiding process are stable.

In some embodiments, the central shaft 1 is further provided with a second spline 12, the inner sleeve 2 is further provided with a second chute 24, and the second spline 12 and the second chute 24 are made of high-strength metal; the first spline 11 further comprises a first spline skin 112 made of a polymeric material and/or the first runner 23 comprises a skin made of a polymeric material.

The polymer materials in the first spline surface layer 112 and the first runner 23 surface layer are similar to those in the first helical spline surface layer 212 and the first helical runner surface layer 312 described above, and will not be described again.

It should be understood that in practical application, motive power acts on the central shaft, and then the motive power is transmitted to the outer sleeve 3 through the inner sleeve, so that the power transmission of the outer sleeve 3 at a specific angle is realized; it is also possible to apply the motive force first to the outer sleeve 3, and also to achieve an effective transmission of motive force finally on the central shaft via the inner sleeve. The spline and the chute are also interchangeable, namely, the spline is defined as a chute, the chute is defined as a spline, and the action mechanism is consistent. Meanwhile, the matching mechanism of the central shaft 1 and the inner barrel sleeve 2 is basically the same as that of the inner barrel sleeve 2 and the outer barrel sleeve 3, and the difference is the difference between linear motion and spiral motion.

In addition, it should be noted that, in the embodiments, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, which are only for convenience in distinguishing the corresponding components, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a straight line and spiral combination conduction mechanism, includes center pin and outer sleeve, its characterized in that: the inner sleeve is arranged between the central shaft and the outer sleeve, and the inner peripheral surface of the inner sleeve is in linear and rotary sliding fit with the outer peripheral surface of the central shaft and the outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve and the inner peripheral surface of the outer sleeve respectively through splines and sliding grooves; and at least one of the spline and the chute arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the inner sleeve and the outer peripheral surface of the central shaft is a spiral spline and a spiral chute.

2. The combination straight and spiral conduction mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the spline comprises a linear spline and a spiral spline, the corresponding chute comprises a linear chute and a spiral chute, the inner peripheral surface of the inner sleeve and the outer peripheral surface of the central shaft form spiral sliding fit in a combined mode of the spiral spline and the spiral chute, and the outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve and the inner peripheral surface of the outer sleeve form linear sliding fit in a combined mode of the linear spline and the linear chute; or the inner peripheral surface of the inner sleeve and the outer peripheral surface of the central shaft form linear sliding fit in a combined mode of a linear spline and a linear chute, and the outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve and the inner peripheral surface of the outer sleeve form spiral sliding fit in a combined mode of a spiral spline and a spiral chute.

3. The combination straight and spiral conduction mechanism of claim 2, wherein: the inner peripheral surface of the inner sleeve and the central shaft, and the spline and the chute arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve form linear sliding fit or spiral sliding fit, which are in clearance fit, and at least one group of lubrication layers are respectively arranged in the corresponding clearance fit of the inner sleeve and the central shaft, and the spline and the chute between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve.

4. A combined linear and helical conduction mechanism according to claim 3, wherein: the number of the spline and chute combinations arranged between the inner sleeve and the central shaft and between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve is 4-12, wherein the spline and chute combinations provided with the lubricating layer and the spline and chute combinations not provided with the lubricating layer are alternately arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

5. The combination straight and spiral conduction mechanism of claim 3 or 4, wherein: the mode of arranging the lubricating layer comprises the following steps: either on the outer skin or side portions of the spline alone, or on the runner outer skin or side portions alone, or on the corresponding spline and runner outer skin or side portions, respectively.

6. The combined linear and helical conduction mechanism according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the rotation angle degree of the spiral spline and the spiral chute is more than or equal to 1 degree and less than or equal to 15 degrees.

7. The combination straight and spiral conduction mechanism of claim 5, wherein: the rotation angle degree of the spiral spline and the spiral chute is more than or equal to 1 degree and less than or equal to 15 degrees.

8. The combined linear and helical conduction mechanism according to any one of claims 3-4, wherein: the lubricating layer is made of one of Polyamide (PA), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP).

9. The combined linear and helical conduction mechanism according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the base layer of the spline and the chute is made of one of metal steel, alloy steel, titanium alloy and chromium-molybdenum steel.

10. The combination straight and spiral conduction mechanism of claim 7, wherein: the lubricating layer is made of one of Polyamide (PA), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP); the base layer of the spline and the chute is made of one of metal steel, alloy steel, titanium alloy and chromium-molybdenum steel.