CN220620264U - Full decoupling type pure electric excavator driving system - Google Patents
Full decoupling type pure electric excavator driving system Download PDFInfo
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- CN220620264U CN220620264U CN202322281210.XU CN202322281210U CN220620264U CN 220620264 U CN220620264 U CN 220620264U CN 202322281210 U CN202322281210 U CN 202322281210U CN 220620264 U CN220620264 U CN 220620264U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a fully-decoupled pure electric excavator driving system which comprises an upper vehicle rotating system, a working system and a traveling driving system, wherein the upper vehicle rotating system comprises a driving mechanism, a driving mechanism and a driving mechanism; the upper vehicle rotating system comprises a rotating motor, a speed reducer and a rotating mechanism, wherein the rotating motor is in driving connection with the speed reducer, and the speed reducer is in driving connection with the rotating mechanism; the working system comprises an actuating mechanism motor, a hydraulic pump, a multi-way valve and actuating elements, wherein the actuating mechanism motor is in driving connection with the hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic pump supplies oil to each actuating element; the walking driving system comprises a front axle driving motor and a rear axle driving motor, and the front axle driving motor and the rear axle driving motor are respectively in driving connection with the front axle module and the rear axle module. The three driving systems are completely decoupled from the structure and are independent from each other, so that the three systems are not mutually influenced in function, and the problems that the flow is insufficient due to power limitation and the execution action cannot be taken into consideration or the running efficiency is low due to excessive power matching are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of engineering machinery vehicles, in particular to a full-decoupling pure electric excavator driving system.
Background
The wheel excavator belongs to common engineering machinery and is widely applied to engineering construction, such as various construction sites of highways, bridges, underground engineering and the like. The excavator can be mainly divided into three systems according to the driving function: the system comprises a boarding rotation system, a working system and a walking driving system. At present, three system power sources of the pure electric excavator are often coupled together, and the existing structure has the following schemes: the scheme I is that two hydraulic pumps are driven by a motor connected with a transfer case, partial power drives a hydraulic motor by one hydraulic pump, and the power is transmitted to a front axle and a rear axle through a transmission and the transfer case; part of power is transmitted to working mechanisms such as a bucket and the like through another hydraulic pump; the boarding swing system is driven by a single motor. In the second scheme, the upper vehicle rotating system, the working system and the walking driving system are all powered by the same motor, and the power of the three systems is completely coupled together.
The defects are that:
there are multiple compound actions in the excavator work, and there are cases where multiple systems are running simultaneously and separately. If the power systems meeting the requirements are matched according to the simultaneous operation of multiple systems, when the sub-systems are independently operated, the situation that the power systems are excessive in capacity, namely a large Marla trolley exists, so that the operation efficiency of the electric drive system is low, and the overall working efficiency is low. And the multiple systems are coupled, the pipeline of the hydraulic system is complex, and if hydraulic faults occur, the investigation is difficult. Meanwhile, in the existing electric excavator driving system structure, when the vehicle is driven by walking, the front axle and the rear axle are in rigid connection, when the vehicle is driven by excavating or moving and transiting, in the working process, particularly in the turning process, the front wheel or the rear wheel are slipped due to different wheel linear speeds, the parasitic power is caused, the energy consumption utilization rate is reduced, and the abnormal abrasion of the tires is caused due to the slipping of the tires, so that the use and maintenance cost of the whole vehicle is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the utility model provides a fully-decoupled pure electric excavator driving system, wherein a turning motor is combined with a speed reducer to drive a turning mechanism to realize turning of a loading vehicle to a unloading vehicle; the working system reserves a hydraulic pipeline, and drives a hydraulic pump to transmit power to each actuating mechanism through an actuating mechanism motor; the walking driving system adopts a front-rear axle distributed driving configuration.
The scheme is as follows: a fully decoupled pure electric excavator driving system comprises an upper vehicle rotating system, a working system and a traveling driving system;
the boarding swing system comprises: a rotary motor, a speed reducer and a rotary mechanism; the rotary motor is in driving connection with a speed reducer, and the speed reducer is in driving connection with a rotary mechanism;
the working system comprises: the hydraulic control system comprises an actuating mechanism motor, a hydraulic pump, a multi-way valve and an actuating element; the actuating mechanism motor is in driving connection with a hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic pump supplies oil to each actuating element;
the walking driving system comprises: a front axle drive motor and a rear axle drive motor; the front axle driving motor is in driving connection with the front axle module, and the rear axle driving motor is in driving connection with the rear axle module.
Further: the executing element comprises: boom cylinder, arm cylinder, bucket cylinder, blade cylinder.
Further: the front axle driving motor and the rear axle driving motor are respectively correspondingly arranged on the front axle main speed reducer shell and the rear axle main speed reducer shell, wherein the motor and the front axle and the rear axle are arranged by adopting parallel shafts, a motor end cover flange plate is connected with the axle main speed reducer shell through bolts, and a motor output shaft is connected with a main speed reducer input shaft through spline fit.
Further: the front axle module and the rear axle module comprise a main speed reducer, a wheel-side speed reducer and a central differential mechanism, and the main speed reducer distributes power to the wheel-side speed reducer through the central differential mechanism.
Further: the front axle driving motor adopts a switch reluctance motor or an alternating current asynchronous motor; the rear axle driving motor adopts a permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Further: the front axle module and the rear axle module have the same speed reduction ratio.
The utility model fully decouples three driving systems structurally, and has the following advantages:
first, the hydraulic pipeline is simplified, and only the hydraulic pipeline is needed to be used by the working system, so that the pipeline is optimized in arrangement, and the inherent defects of the hydraulic system, such as low volume rate, high energy consumption, difficult troubleshooting and the like, are reduced.
Secondly, the three systems use independent power systems, so that the three systems are not influenced mutually in function, and the problem that the flow is insufficient due to power limitation and the execution action cannot be considered is avoided; or the problem of low operation efficiency caused by excessive power matching, thereby improving the working efficiency.
Thirdly, the distributed front axle and the rear axle are independently driven and controlled separately, so that the excavator can accurately identify corresponding working conditions and accurately distribute moment under the condition that other sensors are not added, parasitic power caused by rotation speed difference can be eliminated, and energy consumption is reduced and efficiency is improved.
Fourth, the motor is directly arranged on the front axle and the rear axle, a transmission shaft is omitted, a transmission chain is simplified, and transmission efficiency is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a fully decoupled configuration of three drive systems of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the front and rear axle drive motors of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
The present utility model will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present utility model, but any equivalent changes or modifications made under the spirit of the present utility model will be deemed to be within the scope of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 1, a fully-decoupled pure electric excavator driving system comprises an upper vehicle revolving system 1, a working system 2 and a walking driving system 3, and the fully-decoupled configuration of the three systems is mainly described.
Boarding rotary system 1
The main components of the utility model for setting the boarding swing system 1 include: a rotary motor 11, a speed reducer 12 and a rotary mechanism 13. The rotary motor 11 and the speed reducer 12 are arranged on the upper frame, the rotary motor 11 is directly connected with the speed reducer 12 in a driving way, and the speed reducer 12 is connected with a rotary main shaft of the rotary mechanism 13. The utility model provides the motor for the upper vehicle rotation system independently, and the motor is driven by the independent motor, so that the motor does not need to match with the electric energy of other systems and is not influenced by the other systems.
Working system 2
The working system 2 of the utility model maintains a hydraulic pipeline structure in a traditional mode, but the driving force is changed into a driving motor by an engine, and the motor is independently arranged for driving, and comprises an actuating mechanism motor 21, a hydraulic pump 22, a multi-way valve 23 and actuating elements, wherein the actuating elements comprise a movable arm hydraulic cylinder 24, a bucket rod hydraulic cylinder 25, a bucket hydraulic cylinder 26 and a bulldozer hydraulic cylinder 27. The hydraulic pump 22 is driven by the actuator motor 21, and the hydraulic pump 22 is connected with each actuator to supply oil to each actuator and transmit power to the actuator. Likewise, the working system 2 works independently and is not affected by other systems.
Walking driving system 3
In the utility model, the walking driving system 3 adopts a front and rear axle distributed independent driving configuration, adopts two driving motors, namely a front axle driving motor 31 and a rear axle driving motor 32, respectively drives a front axle module 33 and a rear axle module 34, and the front and rear axle modules comprise a main speed reducer, a wheel edge speed reducer and a central differential mechanism. The front axle driving motor 31 and the rear axle driving motor 32 are respectively installed on a front axle main speed reducer shell 41 and a rear axle main speed reducer shell 42, the installation modes of the front axle driving motor and the rear axle driving motor are as shown in fig. 2, the motor and the front axle and the rear axle are arranged in parallel, a driving motor end cover flange plate is connected with the axle main speed reducer shell through bolts 43, and a driving motor output shaft is connected with a main speed reducer input shaft through splines 44 in a matched mode.
Further, the front axle adopts a switch reluctance motor or an alternating current asynchronous motor, and the rear axle adopts a permanent magnet synchronous motor. Because the front axle driving motor works rarely at ordinary times and only works when the driving force of the rear wheel is insufficient or skidding, the switch reluctance or the alternating current asynchronous motor is used for preventing back electromotive force from being generated under the condition of no work, and the control system of the whole vehicle is influenced. The permanent magnet synchronous motor for the rear axle has the advantages of low cost and mature and reliable technology.
Furthermore, the front axle, the rear axle driving motor and the reduction ratio can be completely the same, so that the production cost is reduced by using general parts.
Further, the driving motor can adopt a high-rotation-speed motor, the reduction ratio is improved through the two-stage reduction mechanism of the main speed reducer and the wheel edge speed reducer, and the peak torque requirement of the driving motor is reduced, so that the cost of the driving motor is further reduced.
In addition, the power is distributed to the wheel edge through the central differential mechanism, the transmission ratio is improved through the wheel edge speed reducer, and further the speed and the torque are reduced, so that the power requirement of the excavator is met.
Therefore, the walking driving system 3 is driven by an independent motor, has no relation with the boarding swing system 1 and the working system 2, and is not influenced by other systems. Compared with the existing wheel type excavating mechanism, the utility model reduces the front and rear transmission shafts, reduces the weight and the cost of parts; meanwhile, as the front and rear distributed driving is adopted, the front and rear transmission shafts are canceled, the arrangement of the power batteries on the chassis of the excavator is more friendly, more power batteries can be arranged in the space of the original occupied transmission shaft, and the working endurance of the excavator is improved; meanwhile, the front axle and the rear axle are separately driven and independently controlled, so that the rigid connection of the front transmission shaft and the rear transmission shaft is eliminated, the problem that parasitic power is generated due to the fact that the wheels of one axle roll and the wheels of the other axle slide due to different rotation speeds of the front wheel and the rear wheel is solved, and the energy consumption is further reduced.
In control, for the walking driving system, a front axle driving motor is used as an auxiliary driving motor, and a rear axle driving motor is used as a main driving motor. When the excavator is in a running working condition, the whole vehicle controller calculates the torque and the vehicle speed requirements of the whole vehicle according to feedback of a driver on control of an accelerator pedal and a brake pedal. The rear axle main drive controller responds to the torque request of the whole vehicle controller, and calculates and reasonably distributes the required torque between the main drive and the auxiliary drive so as to achieve the purposes of reasonably utilizing the energy consumption and reducing the energy consumption of the whole vehicle.
Further, according to the analysis and statistics of the front axle load and the rear axle load of the whole truck, the load of the front axle of the excavator is about 40%, and the load of the rear axle is about 60%. And analyzing the power requirements of the front and rear axles of the excavator according to the following two driving working conditions.
Working condition 1, when the excavator runs on a small gradient or good road surface, the rear axle load is larger at the moment, so that the excavator driving requirement can be met only by independently driving the rear axle driving motor, the front axle driving motor is not operated at the moment, the front axle driving motor is in a reverse dragging state, and the front axle driving motor adopts a switch reluctance motor or an alternating current asynchronous motor, so that the front axle driving motor has no reverse dragging loss at the moment, and the energy consumption is further reduced.
And under the working condition 2, when the excavator is on a road surface with a larger or worse gradient, the rear axle is driven only, so that the driving running cannot be met, and at the moment, the front axle participates in driving, and the two-drive is changed into the four-drive. At the moment, the excavator can obtain better maneuvering performance, is convenient to move in a workplace, and improves working efficiency.
Specifically, when the working place is transferred, the road condition is poor due to the non-paved road surface, and the front axle driving motor and the rear axle driving motor can drive the front axle driving motor and the rear axle driving motor simultaneously, so that the torque distribution of the front wheels and the rear wheels is carried out according to the real-time torque demand, the traction control of the front axle wheels and the rear axle wheels is realized, and the better maneuvering performance is achieved.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a pure electric excavator actuating system of full decoupling type which characterized in that: comprises a boarding rotary system, a working system and a walking driving system;
the boarding swing system comprises: a rotary motor, a speed reducer and a rotary mechanism; the rotary motor is in driving connection with a speed reducer, and the speed reducer is in driving connection with a rotary mechanism;
the working system comprises: the hydraulic control system comprises an actuating mechanism motor, a hydraulic pump, a multi-way valve and an actuating element; the actuating mechanism motor is in driving connection with a hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic pump supplies oil to each actuating element;
the walking driving system comprises: a front axle drive motor and a rear axle drive motor; the front axle driving motor is in driving connection with the front axle module, and the rear axle driving motor is in driving connection with the rear axle module.
2. The fully decoupled electric shovel drive system according to claim 1, wherein:
the executing element comprises: boom cylinder, arm cylinder, bucket cylinder, blade cylinder.
3. The fully decoupled electric shovel drive system according to claim 1, wherein:
the front axle driving motor and the rear axle driving motor are respectively correspondingly arranged on the front axle main speed reducer shell and the rear axle main speed reducer shell, wherein the motor and the front axle and the rear axle are arranged by adopting parallel shafts, a motor end cover flange plate is connected with the axle main speed reducer shell through bolts, and a motor output shaft is connected with a main speed reducer input shaft through spline fit.
4. The fully decoupled electric shovel drive system according to claim 1, wherein:
the front axle module and the rear axle module comprise a main speed reducer, a wheel-side speed reducer and a central differential mechanism, and the main speed reducer distributes power to the wheel-side speed reducer through the central differential mechanism.
5. A fully decoupled electric shovel drive system according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that:
the front axle driving motor adopts a switch reluctance motor or an alternating current asynchronous motor;
the rear axle driving motor adopts a permanent magnet synchronous motor.
6. The fully decoupled electric shovel drive system according to claim 1 or 4, wherein:
the front axle module and the rear axle module have the same speed reduction ratio.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322281210.XU CN220620264U (en) | 2023-08-24 | 2023-08-24 | Full decoupling type pure electric excavator driving system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322281210.XU CN220620264U (en) | 2023-08-24 | 2023-08-24 | Full decoupling type pure electric excavator driving system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN220620264U true CN220620264U (en) | 2024-03-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322281210.XU Active CN220620264U (en) | 2023-08-24 | 2023-08-24 | Full decoupling type pure electric excavator driving system |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN220620264U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-08-24 CN CN202322281210.XU patent/CN220620264U/en active Active
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