CN212812638U - Multi-directional rotary corn-throwing weeding machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a multidirectional throwing maize weeder soon, including traction frame (1), install support arm (5) that extend downwards on crossbeam (2) of traction frame (1), rotatable arbor (6) are equipped with to the lower extreme of support arm (5), arbor (6) are through drive disk assembly and power machine transmission, long banding blade (8) are equipped with to arbor (6) both sides, the periphery of arbor (6) and blade (8) is equipped with soil sealing cover (9), it has soil throwing mouth (10) to open on the soil sealing cover (9) left and right sides baffle, its characterized in that: the front part of at least one blade (8) is bent outwards. Has the advantages that: the bending direction of the blade can be adjusted according to the operation requirement, the blade can be bent towards the inner side, a deep-loosening furrow can be backfilled, fertilizer is covered, upturned soil is prevented from flying to press seedlings, the blade can be bent towards the outer side, the soil covering amount of plants is increased, the two blades can be used in a mixed mode, the soil crushing effect is enhanced, the weeding is more thorough, the soil powder covering layer is improved, the moisture evaporation is reduced, and the popularization prospect is very considerable.

Description

Multi-directional rotary corn-throwing weeding machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an agricultural machine, namely a multidirectional rotary corn-throwing weeding machine.

Background

Corn is a main food crop in China, and weeding is needed in the growth process of the corn, particularly in the seedling stage. The corns are planted in rows, and a certain distance is kept between the rows of the corns in two rows and between seedlings of the corns in two plants. Weeding is intended to remove weeds between crop lines and between seedlings, and is also known as weeding. If the weeds cannot weed in time, the growth of the seedlings of the rice can be damaged by the weeds. Currently, there are three main ways of weeding: firstly, a person uses a hoe to hoe up weeds, secondly uses animal power or a machine to hoe up weeds, and thirdly, herbicide is applied to weed. The herbicide has certain harm to crops, has adverse effect on soil and environment, and is low in cost and not suitable for long-term use. The labor intensity of manual weeding is high, the efficiency is low, the cost is high, the farming season is easy to be violated, and the yield is reduced. The weeding of the weeding hoe can reduce the labor burden, however, as the hoe share of the weeding hoe is in a sharp angle shape, the surface layer between the rows cannot be completely cut through ditching to remove weeds, the weeding is not thorough, and the weeds between the seedlings cannot be removed. Because the hoe has the defects of one-way cutting, poor soil crushing performance, more clotted soil picked up by the hoe share in block shape, larger gap and poor soil moisture preservation performance, and the cut weeds can be regenerated in situ. In addition, there is a grass cutter on the market which is modified by a rotary blade, the rotary blade is a strip-shaped blade which is bent to one side, and the rotary blade is installed on the periphery of a rotating shaft and cuts soil during rotation. The rotary tillage cutter has good soil breaking property and thorough weed killing, can form a powdery soil layer with soil moisture preservation and drought resistance, and can avoid the defects of a hoe. However, because the rotary tillage cutter needs a high rotating speed for working, the impact force of thrown upturned soil is large, the upturned soil can be buried and damage corn seedlings, the weeding operation in the corn seedling stage can not be carried out, and only a hand-held single machine can be made for working in places such as forest lands, orchards and the like with high plant strength and large spreading space.

Through experimental research, the rotary tillage knife grass-shoveling machine is improved, and a novel corn grass-shoveling machine is manufactured. And two patents have been formed: the first is a dry field crop weeding machine of patent No. 201720041632.1, a soil sealing cover is arranged around and above the rotary tillage cutter to limit the movement of the upturned soil. Meanwhile, the wall plates on the two sides of the soil sealing cover are provided with soil throwing openings with adjustable sizes, so that a proper amount of soil can be thrown into the seedling space, weeds among the seedlings can be buried, the roots of the plants can be earthed, the wind resistance of the plants is improved, and the temperature and the soil moisture are increased. On the basis, a width adjusting mechanism of a soil sealing cover and a rotary blade is additionally arranged, so that the rotary blade can adapt to different row spacings, is particularly suitable for the large and small ridge planting method popularized at present, and forms a second patent, namely 'upland field variable-pitch weeder' with the patent number of 201920910969.0. The said patent makes the best of the advantages and disadvantages, and has obvious effect, and the corn weeder made up by using said invented machine is very popular with farmers.

However, the mounting structure of the rotary blade of the grass remover has some problems and needs to be improved. The existing rotary blades are all bent inwards, and two groups of blades are oppositely arranged on a blade shaft. The mode can throw and send a large amount of minced soil to the centre, can prevent the impact of soil to the cover that seals up, is convenient for control the unearthed volume and the unearthed impact force of throwing the soil mouth again. Particularly, under the condition of ditching and topdressing operation while weeding, soil is pushed to the middle to cover topdressing among lines. However, the blades of the rotary blade, which are uniformly bent inward, have limitations in soil-breaking and grass-breaking properties and in throwing the soil outward. Along with the growth of maize, the amount of hilling of plant is more and more, and current equipment needs rely on the adjustment rotational speed to satisfy needs, and not only the degree of difficulty is great, can increase the oil consumption moreover. In addition, because the row spacing of the corns is different, the cutting width of the rotary tillage cutter also needs to be changed, and the adjustment process of parts such as a cutter shaft, a blade and the like which need to be replaced is more complicated.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at providing a garrulous native garrulous grass performance and soil are thrown and are sent the performance better on the basis of original rotary tillage weeder, and the more convenient multidirectional maize weeder of throwing of operation breadth adjustment.

The above purpose is realized by the following technical scheme: the multi-direction rotary corn throwing weeding machine comprises a traction frame which can be connected with a power machine in a hanging mode, a supporting arm extending downwards is mounted on a cross beam of the traction frame, a rotatable transversely-mounted cutter shaft is mounted at the lower end of the supporting arm and is in transmission with the power machine through a transmission part, strip-shaped blades are mounted on two sides of the cutter shaft, soil sealing covers are mounted on the peripheries of the cutter shaft and the blades and are surrounded by baffles on the upper side of the rear side of the front side and the left side and the right side, and soil throwing openings are formed in the baffles on the left side and the right side. The method is characterized in that: the front part of at least one blade is bent outwards.

The cutter shaft is characterized in that one or more cutter heads are arranged on two sides of the cutter shaft respectively, the blades are installed on the cutter heads, and the blades bent inwards and the blades bent outwards are installed in a mixed mode.

Two cutter heads are respectively arranged on two sides of the cutter shaft, the blades are arranged on the cutter heads, wherein each cutter head is provided with 2-3 blades bent inwards and 1-2 blades bent outwards.

The blades bent inwards are fixed on the inner side of the cutter head, and the blades bent outwards are fixed on the outer side of the cutter head.

The cutter shaft is characterized in that one or more cutter heads are arranged on two sides of the cutter shaft respectively, the blades are installed on the cutter heads, and the blades are bent outwards.

The utility model has the advantages that: the direction of buckling of the blade of rotary blade can require the adjustment according to the operation, both can inwards buckle, backfill the furrow of subsoiling, cover fertilizer, prevent that the upturned soil from flying to press the seedling, can outwards buckle again, increase the earthing volume of plant, also can mix two kinds of blades, reinforcing stirring hack effect, the weeding is more thorough, improves the soil powder overburden, reduces the evaporation of moisture, and popularization prospect is very considerable.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the first embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the first embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the impeller and vanes of the components of the first embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a front elevational view of the impeller vane assembly of the components of the first embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a left side elevational view of the impeller vane assembly of the components of the first embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the operation of the first embodiment;

FIG. 7 is an assembly view of the impeller vanes of the unit of the second embodiment;

FIG. 8 is an assembly view of the impeller vanes of the third embodiment component;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of the operation state of the third embodiment.

It can be seen in the figure that: traction frame 1, crossbeam 2, depth wheel 3, splint 4, support arm 5, arbor 6, blade disc 7, blade 8, soil sealing cover 9, throwing soil mouth 10, pressure regulating rod 11, transmission shaft 12, transmission case 13, subsoiler 14, fertilizer can 15, fertilizer pipe 16.

Detailed Description

The first embodiment: fig. 1 and 2 show a multi-directional rotary throwing corn weeder, which is provided with a traction frame 1 in front, wherein the main body of the traction frame 1 is a cross beam 2, and the left side and the right side below the cross beam can be provided with depth wheels 3. The traction frame 1 can be connected with a tractor in a hanging way, and can be a self-propelled frame driven by a gasoline engine or a diesel engine. A supporting arm 5 extending downwards is arranged on a cross beam 2 of the traction frame 1, a rotatable cutter shaft 6 is arranged at the lower end of the supporting arm 5, and the cutter shaft 6 is in transmission with a power machine through a transmission part. The two ends of the cutter shaft 6 are provided with cutterheads 7, the cutterheads 7 are provided with strip-shaped blades 8, and soil sealing covers 9 are buckled above the cutter shaft 6 and the cutterheads 7.

The supporting arm 5, the hanging cutter shaft 6, the cutter head 7, the cutter blade 8 and the soil sealing cover 9 form a weeding unit, one weeding unit is opposite to the row between two rows of crops, and the widest size of the weeding unit is smaller than the row spacing of the crops. The widest dimension of the single body is the width of the soil sealing cover 9, and the width is smaller than the row spacing of the corns. The row spacing of the corn is 400-600 mm at present, and the width of the soil sealing cover is preferably 300-500 mm.

At present, a large and small ridge planting mode is popularized in a plurality of corn production areas, namely, the row spacing of two adjacent rows is one wide and one narrow. To accommodate this variation, this example describes a width-adjustable hoe unit. Namely, the width of the soil sealing cover and the working width of the blade can be adjusted.

Of course, the above structure can also have the following optimized forms:

it can be seen that a plurality of supporting arms 5 can be mounted on the beam 2 of a pair of traction frames 1, i.e. a plurality of grass-removing units can be hooked.

The support arm 5 can be connected to the cross member 2 in various ways, only one of which is illustrated in the figures: the traction frame 1 is provided with a plurality of pairs of clamping plates 4, a transmission shaft 12 parallel to the beam 2 penetrates through each pair of clamping plates 4, a supporting arm 5 is hinged between each pair of clamping plates 4 through the transmission shaft 12, and a pressure regulating rod 11 is arranged between the outer end of each clamping plate 4 and the supporting arm 5. The transmission shaft 12 is in transmission with a power machine through a transmission case 13 on the cross beam 2, and under the condition of tractor traction operation, the power machine is a diesel engine of the tractor and is connected to the transmission case 13 through a power output shaft. The lower end of the supporting arm 5 is provided with a cutter shaft 6, two ends of the cutter shaft 6 are respectively provided with a cutter head 7, and each cutter head is provided with a plurality of blades 8. The cutter shaft and the transmission shaft can be driven by a chain, and the chain wheel are both arranged in the supporting arm.

The soil sealing cover 9 is composed of baffle plates at two sides and cover plates covering the front, the back and the upper parts, and soil throwing openings 10 are arranged on the baffle plates at two sides. The outside of the soil throwing opening 10 is preferably provided with a flow limiting plate, and the relative area of the flow limiting plate and the soil throwing opening 10 is adjustable. There are various specific ways of such a restrictor plate, and only one of them is illustrated in the drawings: the current-limiting plates are arranged on the baffles at the two sides of the soil-sealing cover 9 through bolts and are matched with the soil-throwing openings 10. The soil sealing cover is used for preventing the upturned soil from smashing the seedlings. The soil throwing port is used for pushing a part of upturned soil to one side of the seedlings so as to press weeds among the seedlings. The size of the soil throwing amount and the soil throwing height are very critical. When the soil is thrown too much and too high, the seedlings can be buried, and when the soil is thrown too little and too low, the weeds cannot be killed. The flow limiting plate is used for adjusting the height and the quantity of the soil throwing, so that the effect of protecting seedlings and pressing grass is achieved. Of course, in the case of determining soil properties, traveling speed and blade rotating speed, the soil throwing amount can be limited by the determined height of the soil throwing opening or the bottom edge of the soil sealing cover, and the flow limiting plate can be omitted. However, in the case where the above parameters are difficult to determine, the function of the restrictor plate is not replaceable.

As can be seen in FIG. 3, the multi-directional rotary throwing corn weeder is mainly characterized in that: the front portion of at least one of the blades 8 is bent outward.

One configuration is further illustrated in fig. 4 and 5. In the figure, two sides of a cutter shaft 6 are respectively provided with one or more cutter heads 7, and a plurality of blades 8 are arranged on the cutter heads 7. Among them, there are blades bent inward and blades bent outward. The two blades are installed in a mixed manner.

The structure which is more versatile in the actual operation is shown in fig. 5: two cutter heads 7 are respectively arranged at two sides of the cutter shaft 6, and each cutter head is provided with 2-3 blades bent inwards and 1-2 blades bent outwards.

Further, the blades bent inwards can be fixed on the inner side of the cutter head, and the blades bent outwards are fixed on the outer side of the cutter head. Thus, a blade can be used, the direction of bending of which is changed by the installation of both sides.

When the weeding machine works, as shown in fig. 6, the tractor drives the traction frame and the weeding units to move forward between the crop rows, the cutter shaft is driven by the power machine to rotate at a high speed to drive the chassis and the blades at two ends to rotate, and the surface layer between the rows is cut, so that the grass roots of weeds can be turned up, and the weeds can die. Meanwhile, the upturned soil blocks turned up by the blades are blocked by the soil sealing cover, so that the seedlings at two sides cannot be directly impacted, meanwhile, a proper amount of soil can be thrown into the seedling space from the soil throwing ports 10 at two sides, the soil is hilled towards the lower part of the seedlings, weeds around the seedlings are covered, the growth of the weeds in the seedling space is inhibited, and the purpose of thoroughly weeding can be achieved.

In order to better exert the efficiency of the machine tool, a subsoiler 14 is arranged in front of the supporting arm 5, can perform subsoiling between rows of crops, can improve the physical properties and the permeability of soil, increase the ground temperature and promote the growth of seedlings. At the same time, the weeds in the middle line between the rows can also be removed. A fertilizer box 15 can be additionally arranged above the traction frame, a fertilizer pipe 16 is arranged below the fertilizer box, the lower end of the fertilizer pipe is opposite to the rear lower part of the subsoiler, and the subsoiler can be matched for topdressing operation. The season of top dressing is the right season from the seedling stage to the jointing stage of the crops with positive value in the weeding stage. By adopting the structure, when weeding, the top dressing operation is completed, the ground entering times of the machine can be reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, and multiple purposes are achieved. Especially, the fertilizer discharging pipe is arranged behind the subsoiler, the fertilizer is directly conveyed to the deep part of the plough layer and then covered by the fine soil cut by the blade, volatilization can be greatly reduced, the nutrient utilization rate of the fertilizer is improved, and the yield increasing effect is more remarkable.

A large number of experiments prove that: the weeding machine has good weeding and soil loosening performances, especially weeding is carried out when weeds just expose out in the seedling stage of crops, grass roots can be completely turned out, the weeding effect is optimal, and herbicides can be completely avoided.

The second embodiment: as shown in fig. 7, two cutter heads 7 are provided on both sides of the cutter shaft 6, for a total of four cutter heads. The inner sides of the two cutterheads in the middle are provided with blades bent inwards, and the outer sides of the two cutterheads are provided with blades bent outwards. The outer sides of the blades on both sides are provided with blades bent outwards, and the inner sides of the blades are provided with blades bent inwards. The structure has the advantages that the middle two groups of blades bent inwards can throw most of the cut soil to the middle part, and the deep ditch shoveled by the deep scarification shovel can be backfilled conveniently to cover the top dressing of the ditch bottom. Two sets of blades outside are bent towards the outside, and more soil can be thrown between seedlings. Moreover, the structure is more convenient for adjusting the cutting width of the blade, and the width can be increased without replacing the cutter shaft. Preferably, a scraper is hung behind the soil sealing cover to scrape the soil between the rows.

Third embodiment: as shown in fig. 8, one or more cutter heads are respectively arranged on two sides of the cutter shaft, and the blades are installed on the cutter heads. The figure illustrates two cutter heads 7 on both sides of the cutter shaft 6, and four cutter heads in total. Different from the dormitory building, all the blades are bent outwards. When in use, as shown in fig. 9, the weeding machine is hung behind a tractor, and then intertillage weeding can be carried out. The advantage of this structure is that it can be used to culture soil more towards the lower part of the corn plants on both sides. Is particularly suitable for being used when the corn plants grow high, the strength is greatly enhanced and a large amount of hilling is needed.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a multidirectional throwing maize weeder soon, including traction frame (1) that can articulate with the engine, install support arm (5) that extend downwards on crossbeam (2) of traction frame (1), arbor (6) of rotatable horizontal installation are equipped with to the lower extreme of support arm (5), arbor (6) are through drive disk assembly and engine transmission, long form blade (8) are equipped with to arbor (6) both sides, the periphery of arbor (6) and blade (8) is equipped with soil sealing cover (9), soil sealing cover (9) are enclosed by the baffle of front side rear side upside and left and right sides, it has throwing soil mouth (10) to open on the left and right sides baffle, its characterized in that: the front part of at least one blade (8) is bent outwards.

2. The multi-directional rotary throwing corn weeding machine according to claim 1, wherein: the cutter shaft is characterized in that one or more cutter heads (7) are respectively arranged on two sides of the cutter shaft (6), the blades (8) are installed on the cutter heads (7), and the blades (8) bent towards the inner side and the blades (8) bent towards the outer side are installed in a mixed mode.

3. The multi-directional rotary throwing corn weeding machine according to claim 1, wherein: arbor (6) both sides respectively have two blade discs (7), install on blade disc (7) blade (8), wherein, every blade disc (7) all are equipped with blade (8) of 2-3 inside lateral buckling and blade (8) of 1-2 outside lateral buckling.

4. The multi-directional rotary-throwing corn weeder as recited in claim 2 or 3, wherein: the blades (8) bent inwards are fixed on the inner side of the cutter head (7), and the blades (8) bent outwards are fixed on the outer side of the cutter head (7).

5. The multi-directional rotary throwing corn weeding machine according to claim 1, wherein: arbor (6) both sides respectively have one or more blade disc (7), install on blade disc (7) blade (8), all outside lateral buckling of blade (8).

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