CN211635812U - Multistage washing dust removal active carbon clean system in highway tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-stage water-washing and dust-removing activated carbon purification system for a highway tunnel, which comprises a water-washing room, a fan channel, a purification room, a water storage tank, etc. The removal of CO and NO ₂ is carried out by water washing step by step. First, the water mist generated by the atomizing nozzle of the washing chamber is fully contacted with the polluted gas to remove the large particles of smoke and dust, and then passes through the filter plate of the grading channel. Under the action of the fan The polluted gas and water are forced to collide and wash, and finally the remaining dust and entrained water vapor in the gas are cleaned up by the defoaming device in the fan channel, so as to improve the dust removal efficiency; by using the activated carbon adsorption method to remove harmful gases in the polluted gas, it can To achieve simultaneous purification of a variety of harmful gases. Setting air baffles at different angles in the purification room can make the equipment in different working modes, so as to improve the speed of air flow in the purification room and improve the purification efficiency.

Description

A multi-stage water washing and dust removal activated carbon purification system for highway tunnels

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of environmental air purification, and relates to a multi-stage water-washing and dust-removing activated carbon purification system for highway tunnels.

Background technique

The pollutants in the tunnel mainly include particulate matter, CO, NO ₂ , etc. The particulate matter can reduce the visibility in the tunnel, and gases such as CO and NO ₂ will cause harm to the bodies of the people in the tunnel. The accumulation of polluting gases poses a great threat to tunnel safety.

At present, the treatment of pollutants is mainly electrostatic dust removal, water washing dust removal and activated carbon adsorption. Among them, electrostatic precipitator is widely used abroad for its high dust removal efficiency. However, electrostatic precipitator has not been popularized in China because of its high operating costs, and it cannot purify CO and NO ₂ .

Water washing dust removal equipment is a new type of dust removal equipment, mainly used in some production environments where dust is easy to fly around. Removed from the air, the dust removal rate of water washing and dust removal is determined by the cleanliness of the intake air, which is between 60 and 80 under normal circumstances, and the energy consumption of water washing dust removal is lower than that of electrostatic dust removal.

Activated carbon adsorption is the best purification method for treating organic waste gas and odor. Activated carbon itself has good adsorption, and activated carbon adsorption can effectively remove the odor of water, natural and synthetic dissolved organic matter, micro-pollutant substances and other measures. Most of the relatively large organic molecules, aromatic compounds, halogenated alkynes, etc. can be firmly adsorbed on the surface or in the voids of activated carbon, and have obvious removal effects on humus, synthetic organics and low molecular weight organics. As a deep purification process, activated carbon adsorption can absorb a variety of harmful gases. It is often used in the final treatment of wastewater, and can also be used in the purification of long-term production water and domestic water.

Studies have shown that when there are many dust and particulate matter, activated carbon adsorption can be used together with water washing dust removal and UV plasma at the same time to achieve exhaust gas purification and discharge standards.

Particulate matter, CO, and NO ₂ are the main pollutants in domestic highway tunnels. Therefore, a comprehensive treatment of particulate matter, CO, and NO ₂ in highway tunnels has been developed that can effectively filter dust, have high safety, are more environmentally friendly, and realize closed-loop control. Equipment has always been one of the subjects of the applicant's research.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the defects or deficiencies existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present utility model is to provide a multi-stage water-washing and dust-removing activated carbon purification system for highway tunnels.

In order to realize the above-mentioned tasks, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

A multi-stage water-washing and dust-removing activated carbon purification system for a highway tunnel, comprising a water-washing room, a purification room and a water reservoir, characterized in that the water-washing room and the purification room are connected;

An atomizing nozzle is arranged in the washing chamber, the atomizing nozzle is connected to the first water inlet, an air inlet and a second air quality detector are arranged in the washing chamber, and a drainage outlet is arranged at the bottom of the washing chamber;

The washing chamber is connected to the fan channel through the filter screen, the fan channel is connected to the fan through the demister, and there is a second water inlet on the filter screen;

The fan enters the clean room through the gas collecting hood. An air baffle is arranged inside the gas collecting hood of the clean room. Four layers of activated carbon adsorption tanks are horizontally arranged at the ports of the clean room. The activated carbon adsorption tanks are placed horizontally on the drawer, and the activated carbon adsorption tanks A honeycomb activated carbon plate is placed, the upper two layers are used to adsorb CO, and the lower two layers are used to adsorb NO ₂ ; the activated carbon adsorption tank has an exhaust port on the other side, and a first air quality detector is arranged above the exhaust port;

The first water inlet and the second water inlet are connected with an external reservoir through pipes, and a first water pump and a second water pump are arranged on the reservoir;

The water discharged from the water outlet and the filter screen is connected with the waste water tank through the pipeline;

The first air quality detector, the second air quality detector, the air baffle, the first water inlet, the second water inlet, the first water pump and the second water pump are respectively connected to the control unit.

Other features of the present utility model are:

The gas collecting hood is connected with the clean room at 45 degrees.

The demister is composed of a plurality of W-shaped baffles, and each corner of the channel formed by the baffles is provided with a collecting hook. The collecting hook is used to intercept the water mist particles in the air flow and realize the The role of water mist separation in large particles.

The air baffle is controlled by a motor, and can form an angle of 0 degree, 45 degree and -45 degree with the horizontal, and guide the air flow generated by the fan to the corresponding activated carbon adsorption tank to realize different working modes.

The first air quality detector and the second air quality detector are mass detectors integrating a smoke concentration detector, a CO concentration detector and a NO ₂ concentration detector.

The first water pump provides pressure for the atomizing nozzle on the first water inlet, and the second water pump provides pressure for the filter screen on the second water inlet.

The multi-stage water-washing and dust-removing activated carbon purification system for highway tunnels of the utility model utilizes the combination of water-washing and dust-removing and activated carbon adsorption to realize the removal of the main pollutants, smoke, dust, CO and NO ₂ in the tunnel. The water mist generated by the nozzle is fully contacted with the polluted gas to remove the large particles of smoke and dust, and then passes through the filter plate of the grading channel. Clean up the remaining dust and entrained water vapor in the gas to improve the dust removal efficiency; by using the activated carbon adsorption method to remove the harmful gas in the polluted gas, adding copper salt activated carbon prepared by different methods can realize the purification of different harmful gases, and can achieve many At the same time purification of harmful gases. A drawer is added to the activated carbon adsorption tank to make the activated carbon easy to replace. The air baffles with different angles in the purification room can make the equipment in different working modes, so as to improve the speed of the air flow in the purification room and improve the purification efficiency; contact to improve purification efficiency.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-stage water-washing and dust-removing activated carbon purification system for highway tunnels of the present utility model;

Figure 2 shows three state diagrams of the air baffle, wherein (a) is the state where the air baffle is 0 degrees from the horizontal, (b) is the state where the air baffle is 45 degrees from the horizontal, and (c) is the air baffle The board and the horizontal form a state of -45 degrees;

Fig. 3 is the baffle structure diagram of the demister, wherein, (a) is a schematic diagram of the finished product of the baffle, and (b) is a schematic diagram of the expansion of the baffle;

FIG. 4 is an application example of using the multi-stage water-washing and dust-removing activated carbon purification system of the highway tunnel of the present invention to be arranged at the tunnel entrance.

FIG. 5 is a control flowchart of the control unit.

The marks in the figure represent: 1. Washing room, 2. Fan passage, 3. Clean room, 4. Wastewater pool, 5. Air inlet, 6. Atomizing nozzle, 7. First water inlet, 8. Drainage , 9, filter screen, 10, second water inlet, 11, demister, 12, fan, 13, activated carbon adsorption tank, 14, drawer, 15, exhaust port, 16, first air quality detector, 17, The second air quality detector, 18, the control unit, 19, the air collecting hood, 20, the air baffle, 21, the water reservoir, 22, the first water pump, 23, the second water pump.

The present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Detailed ways

Referring to FIG. 1, the present embodiment provides a multi-stage water-washing and dust-removing activated carbon purification system for a highway tunnel, including a water-washing chamber 1, a purification chamber 3 and a reservoir 21, and the water-washing chamber 1 and the purification chamber 3 are connected;

An atomizing nozzle 6 is arranged in the washing chamber 1, the atomizing nozzle 6 is connected to a first water inlet 7, an air inlet 5 and a second air quality detector 17 are arranged in the washing chamber 1, and a water outlet 8 is arranged at the bottom of the washing chamber 1 ;

The washing chamber 1 is connected to the fan channel 2 through the filter screen 9, the fan channel 2 is connected to the fan 12 through the demister 11, and there is a second water inlet 10 on the filter screen 9;

The fan 12 enters the clean room 3 through the gas collecting hood 19, and a gas baffle 20 is arranged inside the gas collecting hood 19 of the clean room 3, and a four-layer activated carbon adsorption tank 13 is arranged horizontally at the port of the clean room 3, and the activated carbon adsorption tank 13 is horizontal Placed on the drawer 14, a honeycomb activated carbon plate is placed on the activated carbon adsorption tank 13, the upper two layers are used to adsorb CO, and the lower two layers are used to adsorb NO ₂ ; the activated carbon adsorption tank 13 has an exhaust port 15 on the other side, which A first air quality detector 16 is arranged above the exhaust port 15;

The first water inlet 7 and the second water inlet 10 are connected to an external reservoir through pipes, and a first water pump 22 and a second water pump 23 are arranged on the reservoir;

The water discharged from the water outlet 8 and the filter screen 9 is communicated with the waste water tank 4 through a pipeline;

The first air quality detector 16 , the second air quality detector 17 , the air baffle 20 , the first water inlet 7 , the second water inlet 10 and the water pump are respectively connected to the control unit 18 .

In this embodiment, the gas collecting hood 19 is connected to the clean room 3 at 45 degrees.

The air baffle 20 is controlled by a motor, and can form an angle of 0 degree, 45 degree, and -45 degree with the horizontal, and guide the airflow generated by the fan 12 to the corresponding activated carbon adsorption tank 13 to realize different working modes.

The first water pump 22 on the reservoir 21 provides pressure for the atomizing nozzle 6 on the first water inlet 7 , and the second water pump 23 provides pressure for the filter screen 9 on the second water inlet 10 .

The control unit 18 controls the water output of the atomizing nozzle 6 and the filter screen 9 , as well as the power of the fan 12 and the angle of the air baffle 20 .

The first air quality detector 16 and the second air quality detector 17 are responsible for detecting the air quality in the highway tunnel, measuring the concentration of soot, CO, and NO2 in the air of the highway tunnel, and comparing with the tunnel pollutant concentration limit to determine the clean room 3 and the working state of the fan 12.

The clean room 3 is responsible for purifying the main pollutants soot, CO and NO2 in the highway tunnel.

The fan 12 is responsible for providing the air volume for the clean room 3 .

The multi-stage water-washing and dust-removing activated carbon purification system for highway tunnels in this embodiment has a total volume of 7m×2m×2m. Pool 4, can save space.

The multi-stage water-washing and dust-removing activated carbon purification system of the highway tunnel of the present embodiment, its working principle is:

The polluted gas enters the washing chamber 1 through the air inlet 5, and the water mist generated by the atomizing nozzle contacts the polluted gas to remove large particles of dust; The gas is sucked into the fan channel 2, and the polluted gas first contacts the filter screen 9 for forced impact washing to remove small particles of dust, and then removes the residual dust and entrained water mist through the demister 11, and realizes multi-stage washing, filtration and dust removal. After the polluted gas flows through the fan channel 2, it flows into the clean room 3, and under the guidance of the gas collecting hood 19 and the gas baffle 20, the polluted gas is fully contacted with the activated carbon adsorbent of the activated carbon adsorption tank 13 again, so as to realize the effect of CO, The removal of NO2 is finally discharged through the exhaust port 15 .

The removal method of soot particles is multi-stage water washing and dust removal, so that water and soot particles come into contact with each other to have a physical reaction, soot particles dissolve in water and separate from the air. The water mist is formed through the atomizing nozzle 6, and the water mist is in full contact with the large particles of smoke and dust. The nozzles of the atomizing nozzle 6 are designed for the large particles of smoke and dust in highway tunnels. Centrifugal solid cone nozzles are selected, a total of 6, each 3 As a group, a total of 2 groups with a vertical distance of 10cm. The selected centrifugal solid cone nozzle is not easy to be blocked by large dust particles and can fully contact with the large particles of smoke and dust. The water pump 22 is generated, and the waste water is discharged to the waste water tank 4 through the drain port 8 .

The first-stage water washing and dedusting mainly removes large soot particles in the polluted air of highway tunnels, and the remaining small soot particles are completed by the second-stage washing and dedusting filter 9 in the fan channel 2. The filter screen 9 is a 3-layer metal mesh, each layer The horizontal spacing is 1cm. There is a second water inlet 10 above the metal mesh, and the water pressure is generated by the second water pump 23 on the reservoir 21 and supplied through pipes. The waste water is discharged to the waste water tank 4 through the pipeline under the metal mesh.

As shown in Fig. 3, the demister 11 is used to remove the moisture generated in the air by the water washing and dust removal process. The demister 11 is composed of a plurality of W-shaped baffles. Each corner is provided with a collection hook, which is used to intercept the water mist particles in the air flow and realize the function of separating the large particles of water mist in the air.

Activated carbon itself has good adsorption properties and can adsorb a variety of harmful gases. The inventors found through research that the prepared copper-loaded activated carbon showed stronger adsorption properties for CO and NO ₂ , which could greatly improve the decontamination efficiency.

The removal method of CO and NO ₂ adopts activated carbon removal, the tunnel polluted gas flows through the activated carbon adsorption tank, and the activated carbon has physical adsorption with CO and NO ₂ in the air to remove CO and NO ₂ from the air.

There are four layers of activated carbon adsorption tanks 13 arranged horizontally at the port of the clean room 3. Each layer of activated carbon adsorption tanks 13 is equipped with a honeycomb activated carbon plate. The two copper-loaded activated carbons are prepared by different methods to achieve adsorption of different pollutants, one copper-loaded activated carbon has better adsorption for CO, and the other copper _- loaded activated carbon has better adsorption for NO2 .

On the drawer 14 of each layer of activated carbon adsorption tank 13, four honeycomb activated carbon plates are evenly placed, the upper two layers are placed with activated carbon plates for adsorbing CO, and the lower two layers are placed with activated carbon plates for adsorbing NO ₂ ; one side of the activated carbon adsorption tank 13 is connected to the air outlet 15. There is a handle on the side of the air outlet 15, which can pull out the activated carbon adsorption tank 13 of each layer to realize the replacement of the activated carbon plate.

The quality of pollutants removed by copper-loaded activated carbon per unit time can be obtained by the following formula:

where i=2, 3; where 2 is CO, 3 is NO2; mi is the mass of pollutants removed per unit time in the i-th pollutant; ηi is the removal mass of the i-th pollutant per unit area; S is the activated carbon adsorption tank The cross-sectional area of ; d is the pore size of the honeycomb activated carbon; ds is the optimal pore size of the honeycomb activated carbon.

Due to the effect of copper ions, it has better adsorption than ordinary activated carbon, and the maintenance cycle is once a month.

The air baffle 20 is arranged between the air collecting hood 19 and the activated carbon adsorption tank 13. The air baffle 20 is controlled by an external motor (not shown in the figure), and can form an angle of 0 degrees, 45 degrees, and -45 degrees with the horizontal. , the airflow generated by the fan 12 is directed to the corresponding activated carbon adsorption tank 13 to realize the different working modes shown in Figure 2:

Working mode 1: The air baffle 20 forms 0 degrees with the horizontal, and the polluted gas flows evenly to the four activated carbon adsorption tanks 13 under the guidance of the air baffle 20 to complete the removal of CO and NO ₂ (Fig. 2a);

Working mode 2: The air baffle is 45 degrees from the horizontal, and the polluted gas flows evenly to the two activated carbon adsorption tanks 13 above under the guidance of the air baffle 20 to complete the removal of CO (Fig. 2b);

Working mode 3: The baffle is formed at -45 degrees from the horizontal, and the polluted gas flows evenly to the two activated carbon adsorption tanks 13 below under the guidance of the baffle 20 to complete the removal of NO ₂ (Fig. 2c).

The setting of the working mode of the air baffle 20 is mainly to improve the efficiency of pollutant removal.

The first air quality detector 16 and the second air quality detector 17 are mass detectors integrating a soot concentration detector, a CO concentration detector, and a NO ₂ concentration detector. It is used to transmit the monitored tunnel soot concentration, CO concentration and NO ₂ concentration to the control unit 18, and the control unit 18 compares the detected pollutant concentration ρ _ci of each tunnel with the tunnel pollutant concentration limit ρ _bi , and determines the pollutant concentration. Whether it exceeds the standard, determine the water output of the atomizing nozzle 6 and the filter screen 9, as well as the power of the fan 12 and the angle of the air baffle 20, as shown in FIG. 5 . The specific process is:

The initial state of the fan 12 and the water pump is closed, and the initial angle of the air baffle 20 is 0 degrees;

First judge whether the dust concentration exceeds the standard, if ρ _c1 -ρ _b1 > 0, then the smoke concentration exceeds the standard, the fan 12 is turned on, and the water pump supplies water to the atomizing nozzle 6 and the filter screen 9; if ρ _c1 -ρ _b1 ≤ 0, then go to the next step , the working status of the fan 12 and the water pump is to be determined;

Then judge whether the concentration of CO and NO ₂ exceeds the standard. If ρ _c2 -ρ _b2 > 0 and ρ _c3 -ρ _b3 > 0, then the concentration of CO and NO ₂ exceeds the standard, the fan 12 is turned on, and the angle of the air baffle 20 is 0 degrees; ρ _c2 -ρ _b2 >0 and ρ _c3 -ρ _b3 ≤0, then only CO exceeds the standard, the fan 12 is turned on, and the angle of the air baffle 20 is 45 degrees; if ρ _c2 -ρ _b2 ≤0 and ρ _c3 -ρ _b3 > 0, only NO ₂ exceeds the standard, the fan 12 is turned on, and the angle of the air baffle 20 is -45 degrees; if ρ _c2 -ρ _b2 ≤ 0 and ρ _c3 -ρ _b3 ≤ 0, then neither CO nor NO ₂ exceeds the standard.

The relationship between whether each pollutant exceeds the standard and the working status of each device is shown in Table 1 below.

Table 1: The relationship between whether each pollutant exceeds the standard and the working status of each device

The opening time of the fan 20 is determined according to the excess of each pollutant, and the specific working time of the fan 20 is determined by the following formula:

T=max{T ₁ ,T ₂ ,T ₃ }

where i=1, 2, 3, where 1 is the soot particulate matter (VI), 2 is CO, 3 is NO2; Ti is the working time of the fan to remove the i-th pollutant; T is the final working time of the fan; ρ _ci is the measured concentration of the i-th pollutant; ρ _bi is the tunnel limit of the i-th pollutant; vi is the wind speed in the working area for removing the _i -th pollutant, specifically v ₁ is the wind speed at the filter plate, v ₂ is the wind speed at the CO activated carbon adsorption tank, v ₃ is the wind speed at the NO ₂ activated carbon adsorption tank; S _i is the reaction area of the working area for removing the i-th pollutant, specifically S ₁ is the area of the filter plate, S ₂ is The cross-sectional area of the _CO activated carbon adsorption tank, S3 is the cross _- sectional area of the NO2 activated carbon adsorption tank; m _i is the mass of pollutants removed per unit time in the i-th.

There are two water pumps in the process of washing and dedusting, namely the first water pump 22 and the second water pump 23, which provide pressure for the atomizing nozzle 6 and the filter screen 9 respectively. , the pressure required by the atomizing nozzle 6 and the filter screen 9 is not the same, the pressure provided by the water pump is determined by the following formula:

In the formula, i=1, 2, where 1 represents the corresponding parameter of the atomizing nozzle, 2 represents the corresponding parameter of the filter; P is the pressure required by the device; u is the atomization coefficient of the device; v is the wind speed generated by the fan; g is the gravity Acceleration; Δp _l is the pressure loss per unit length of the pipeline; _Δph is the pressure loss per unit height.

The water flow required by the atomizing nozzle 6 and the filter screen 9 is determined by the following formula:

In the formula, Q1 is the required flow rate of the atomizing nozzle, Q2 is the required flow rate of the filter screen, Q is the required flow rate of the overall equipment; μ is the flow coefficient of the fluid, usually taken as 0.82; A is the cross-sectional area of the pipe; need pressure.

When the working time of the fan 12 reaches T, the second air quality detector 17 starts to work, detects the soot concentration, CO concentration and NO ₂ concentration in the purified air, and transmits the detected data to the control unit 18, and the control unit 18 will The three detected ambient air quality data are compared with the tunnel pollutant limit, and the purification results are fed back. If the concentration of any one or more pollutants exceeds the standard, the control unit will display 18 corresponding to the pollutant purification is not complete, and the staff can The information displayed by the control unit is used to repair and maintain the multi-stage water-washing and dust-removing activated carbon purification system of the highway tunnel in this embodiment.

In this embodiment, an axial flow fan can be selected as the fan 12, which provides an air volume of 26120 m ³ /h, a wind pressure of 380 Pa, and a power of 4 kW. The power of the water pump is 120W.

Tests show that the multi-stage water-washing and dust-removing activated carbon purification system for highway tunnels in this embodiment has a purification efficiency of about 90% for soot particles, and a purification rate of 60% to 80% for CO and NO ₂ .

According to the research, 50m away from the highway tunnel entrance is the place with the highest concentration of environmental pollutants. In order to improve the purification efficiency, the multi-stage water washing and dust removal activated carbon purification system of the highway tunnel in this embodiment is adopted. It is near the tunnel entrance, or is arranged outside the road tunnel entrance or in the transverse passage near the road tunnel entrance. The power supply of the system can be provided by the substation in the tunnel.

Application example:

As shown in Figure 4, the length of the tunnel is 1792m/1654, with two-hole, one-way and two-lane lanes. There are 10 jet fans on the left and right lines with a daily power of 30kW. According to "JTG/T D70/2-01-2014 Road Tunnel Lighting Design Rules", the tunnel pollutant concentration is shown in Table 2. The revision list of the "Ambient Air Quality Standard" (GB3095-2012) stipulates the limits of pollutants in scenic spots. The pollutant emission standards of highway tunnels in 5A-level scenic spots should be higher than those of general highway tunnels, and they are classified into one category according to the ambient air function zones: The first-class areas are nature reserves, scenic spots and other areas that require special protection, and the quality requirements of the ambient air functional area are applicable to the first-level concentration limit, as shown in Table 3.

Table 2: Tunnel Pollutant Concentration Limits

Types of Tunnel Pollutants soot particulate matter CO NO₂ Tunnel Pollutant Limits 0.007m^-1 100ppm 1ppm

Table 3: Concentration limits for basic items of ambient air pollutants

Combined with Table 2 and Table 3, it is determined that the concentration limit of soot particulate matter in the highway tunnel of the 5A-level scenic spot is 0.075ppm, the concentration limit of CO is 10ppm, and the concentration limit of NO ₂ is 0.2ppm. The original ventilation system of the tunnel is designed in accordance with the "JTG/T D70/2-01-2014 Road Tunnel Lighting Design Rules", and the tunnel pollutant limit is less than the air quality requirements of 5A-level scenic spots. Decontamination methods are no longer applicable and contaminants need to be decontaminated.

Purification is carried out according to the control flow of Fig. 5, and the results are as follows,

When the peak hour traffic volume of standard passenger cars in the tunnel is designed to be 2112pcu/h, the corresponding proportions of various models are 6% for small trucks, 7% for medium trucks, 5.9% for large trucks, 12% for small passenger cars, 48.9% for large passenger cars, and trailer-trailer. 12.9% and 7.3% of containers, the calculated air volume required by the traditional mechanical ventilation and sewage discharge method is 359m ³ /s. After using the multi-stage water washing and dust removal activated carbon purification system for highway tunnels in this embodiment, the calculated air volume is 273m ³ / s, the air demand is reduced by 24%. The working time of the fan is T=23min, and the total water demand is Q=20L/min. According to the fact that the jet fan in the tunnel works for 2 hours a day, the electricity cost is 0.5 yuan/kWh. The economic analysis of the highway tunnel multi-stage water-washing and dust-removing activated carbon purification system (referred to as purification equipment in Table 4) of the above embodiment is shown in Table 4 below.

Table 4: Economic Analysis Table

Using the multi-stage water washing and dust removal activated carbon purification system for highway tunnels in this embodiment can save 200,000 yuan of electricity bills per year during the tunnel operation period, and save about 20% of the operating electricity bills.

Claims (6)

1. A multi-stage water washing and dust removal activated carbon purification system for a highway tunnel, comprising a washing chamber (1), a purification chamber (3) and a reservoir (21), wherein the washing chamber (1) and the purification chamber (3) are in phase with each other connect; An atomizing nozzle (6) is arranged in the washing chamber (1), the atomizing nozzle (6) is connected to the first water inlet (7), and the washing chamber (1) is provided with an air inlet (5) and a second air quality The detector (17) has a water outlet (8) at the bottom of the washing chamber (1); The washing chamber (1) is connected to the fan channel (2) through the filter screen (9), the fan channel (2) is connected to the fan (12) through the demister (11), and there is a second water inlet (10) on the filter screen (9). ); The fan (12) enters the clean room (3) through the gas collecting hood (19), and an air baffle (20) is arranged inside the gas collecting hood (19) of the clean room (3), and the port of the clean room (3) is horizontal A four-layer activated carbon adsorption tank (13) is provided, the activated carbon adsorption tank (13) is placed horizontally on the drawer (14), and a honeycomb-shaped activated carbon plate is placed on the activated carbon adsorption tank (13). The two layers are used to adsorb NO ₂ ; the activated carbon adsorption tank (13) has an exhaust port (15) on the other side, and a first air quality detector (16) is arranged above the exhaust port (15); The first water inlet (7) and the second water inlet (10) are connected to the reservoir (21) through pipes, and the reservoir (21) is provided with a first water pump (22) and a second water pump (23); The water discharged from the water outlet (8) and the filter screen (9) is communicated with the waste water tank (4) through a pipeline; a first air quality detector (16), a second air quality detector (17), an air baffle (20), a first water inlet (7), a second water inlet (10), a first water pump (22) and The second water pumps (23) are respectively connected to the control unit (18). 2 . The multi-stage water-washing and dust-removing activated carbon purification system for highway tunnels according to claim 1 , wherein the gas collecting hood ( 19 ) is connected with the purification chamber ( 3 ) at 45 degrees. 3 . 3. The multi-stage water-washing and dust-removing activated carbon purification system for highway tunnels according to claim 1, wherein the demister (11) is composed of a plurality of W-shaped baffles, and inside the channel formed by the baffles There are collecting hooks at each corner of the machine, and the collecting hooks are used to intercept the water mist particles in the air flow and realize the function of separating the large particles of water mist in the air. 4. The multi-stage water-washing and dust-removing activated carbon purification system for highway tunnels according to claim 1, wherein the air baffle (20) is controlled by a motor, and can form an angle of 0 degree, 45 degree, -45 degree with the horizontal , the airflow generated by the fan (12) is directed to the corresponding activated carbon adsorption tank (13) to realize different working modes. 5. The multi-stage water-washing and dust-removing activated carbon purification system for highway tunnels according to claim 1, wherein the first air quality detector (16) and the second air quality detector (17) are integrated smoke concentration detectors , CO concentration detector and mass detector for NO ₂ concentration detector. 6. The multi-stage water washing and dust removal activated carbon purification system for highway tunnels according to claim 1, wherein the first water pump (22) provides pressure for the atomizing nozzle (6) on the first water inlet (7), The second water pump (23) provides pressure for the filter screen (9) on the second water inlet (10).

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