CN211136822U - Composite granularity abrasive belt - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of grinding processing, and provides a composite grain size abrasive belt, which comprises a matrix, a bonding layer and an abrasive layer; the abrasive layer includes a plurality of sand grinding areas; the grinding ends of the abrasive grains in each sand grinding area are in the same Reference height; each sanding zone is provided with abrasive particles of the same particle size, and the particle size of the abrasive particles in each sanding zone changes in a gradient along the long side direction of the sand belt; When the workpiece is subjected to surface treatment, the surface of the workpiece can be ground in turn by the abrasive grains in different sanding zones, so that the workpiece can obtain a lower surface roughness while removing material, and the abrasive belt is used for sanding. When sanding the machine, it is beneficial to greatly simplify the structural setting of multiple sets of sand frames on the sanding machine, making the operation of the sanding machine simpler and more convenient, improving the efficiency of sanding the surface of the workpiece, and reducing its power consumption.

Description

A composite grain size abrasive belt

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of grinding and processing, in particular to a composite grain size abrasive belt.

Background technique

At present, abrasive belts, as the most efficient grinding tool form among coated abrasives, have the characteristics of "cold grinding" and "elastic grinding", and are widely used in metal and wood processing fields. In recent years, abrasive belt grinding technology has developed in the direction of strength, efficiency, high speed and precision. In order to further prolong the service life of the abrasive belt and expand the application range of the abrasive belt, the abrasive belt production technology has developed rapidly in terms of abrasive structure type, coating technology, and sand planting technology. In terms of abrasive belt type and abrasive structure, there are piled abrasive abrasive belts, pyramid-shaped abrasive abrasive belts, hollow ball composite abrasive abrasive belts, and highly elastic abrasive belts.

However, the above-mentioned research and development of new abrasives and abrasive belts is mainly concentrated in the field of metal grinding, and there are very few coated abrasives specially designed for wood grinding.

The application of coated abrasives in the wood processing industry accounts for about 30%-40% of its total application fields, of which the vast majority are abrasive belts. Abrasive belts are mainly used for workpiece thickness determination, dimension calibration and improving the surface quality of materials. In addition, wood abrasive belt grinding has its own characteristics: on the one hand, compared with ordinary electrostatic sanding (mostly corundum and silicon carbide) abrasive belts widely used in wood grinding, piled abrasive belts and pyramid-shaped abrasive belts, etc. The new type of abrasive has the advantages of long abrasive belt life, high material removal rate and good surface quality. However, the economic benefits in the field of wood processing are far lower than those in the field of metal processing, and the high price of abrasive products limits its use in wood abrasive belt grinding. On the other hand, compared with metal and ceramic materials, wood has biological properties such as pore structure and fiber structure, and its own biological unevenness makes the surface roughness requirements of wood grinding less high than that of metal materials. Most of the abrasive belts are planted with abrasive grains of a single particle size. When the surface grinding of wood and its products is carried out, it generally covers the processes of coarse sand, fine grinding and polishing. At this stage, wood processing enterprises usually use sanding machines with multiple sets of sand frames to complete the sanding operation in the sanding section. sand belt.

It can be seen that the existing abrasive belt not only has the problem of high cost, but also has a single function. It is necessary to use a combination of abrasive belts with different meshes to finally achieve the predetermined material removal and achieve the expected surface roughness requirements. In addition, in the actual use process, it is necessary to frequently replace the abrasive belts on each sand frame and adjust its tension, which greatly affects the production efficiency. Moreover, the sand frame composed of multiple grinding heads has a complex structure and is difficult to maintain, and there is power in the work. consumption problem.

Utility model content

(1) Technical problems to be solved

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a composite grain size abrasive belt, which is used to solve the problems of high cost and single function of the existing abrasive belts, and the combination of abrasive belts with different mesh numbers is required to realize the fine grinding and polishing of the wood surface. And it is used to simplify the structure of the sander with multiple sets of sand frames, avoid frequent replacement and tension of the sand belt during the operation, improve production efficiency and reduce power consumption.

(2) Technical solutions

In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a composite grain size abrasive belt, which includes a matrix, a bonding layer and an abrasive layer, the bonding layer is arranged on the matrix, and the abrasive layer is arranged on the bonding layer. The abrasive layer includes a plurality of sanding zones; the grinding ends of the abrasive grains of each sanding zone are at the same reference height; The grain size of the abrasive grains in the grinding zone varies along the long side of the abrasive belt.

Preferably, the sanding zone in the present invention includes a first sanding zone, a second sanding zone and a third sanding zone which are arranged in sequence along the long side direction of the abrasive belt; the first sanding zone , the particle size of the abrasive particles in the second sanding zone and the third sanding zone decreases in turn.

Preferably, the abrasive grain size of the first sanding zone in the present invention is 46-80 mesh, the abrasive grain size of the second sanding zone is 100-180 mesh, and the abrasive grain size of the third sanding zone is 100-180 mesh. The particle size is 200-400 mesh.

Preferably, in the present utility model, the abrasive grains in the sanding zone are evenly arranged, each of the abrasive grains is arranged with a pointed end up and a large end down, and the pointed end is the grinding end of the abrasive grains .

(3) Technical effect

The composite grain size abrasive belt provided by the utility model, by dividing the abrasive layer, the abrasive grains in different sand grinding areas are set to the same reference height, and the grain size of the abrasive grains in each area changes in a gradient, then along the grinding abrasive belt When sanding the surface of the workpiece in the long-side direction of the workpiece, the surface of the workpiece can be ground in turn by the abrasive grains in different sanding areas, so that the workpiece can obtain a lower surface roughness while removing the material, which greatly improves the production efficiency. This abrasive belt is especially suitable for surface sanding of workpieces with biological irregularities. Compared with coated abrasives such as stacked abrasive belts and pyramid-shaped abrasive belts, the production cost is more advantageous.

In addition, when the composite grain size abrasive belt shown in the utility model is used in a sanding machine, a single composite grain size abrasive belt can be used to simultaneously complete material removal and surface fine grinding and polishing operations on the workpiece, which not only greatly simplifies sanding The structure of multiple sets of sand racks on the machine is more simple and convenient to operate, which improves the efficiency of sanding processing and reduces the power consumption of the sanding machine.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description The drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the composite grain size abrasive belt shown in the embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the partial front view structure schematic diagram of the grinding abrasive belt comprising three sanding zones shown in the embodiment of the present utility model;

3 is a schematic diagram of a partial plane unfolding structure of a grinding belt comprising three sanding zones according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

4 is a schematic view of the grinding topography formed by the surface of the workpiece under the action of the first sanding zone in the first grinding cycle according to the embodiment of the present utility model;

5 is a schematic view of the grinding topography formed on the surface of the workpiece under the combined action of the second sanding zone and the first sanding zone in the first grinding cycle according to the embodiment of the present utility model;

6 is a schematic diagram of the grinding morphology formed on the surface of the workpiece under the combined action of the third sanding zone, the second sanding zone and the first sanding zone in the first grinding cycle according to the embodiment of the present utility model ;

7 is a schematic diagram of the grinding topography formed by the surface of the workpiece under the action of the first sanding zone in the second grinding cycle according to the embodiment of the present utility model;

8 is a schematic view of the grinding topography formed on the surface of the workpiece under the combined action of the second sanding zone and the first sanding zone in the second grinding cycle according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

9 is a schematic view of the grinding topography formed on the surface of the workpiece under the combined action of the third sanding zone, the second sanding zone and the first sanding zone in the second grinding cycle according to an embodiment of the present utility model ;

10 is a schematic structural diagram of a sanding machine with multiple sets of sand racks using a common abrasive belt;

11 is a schematic structural diagram of a sanding machine using the composite grain size abrasive belt shown in the embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram of the process flow of the preparation method of the composite grain size abrasive belt shown in the embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Matrix; 2. Bonding layer; 3. Abrasive layer; 4. Workpiece; 5. Ordinary abrasive belt; 6. Compound grain size abrasive belt.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. The embodiments described above are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a connectable connection. Detachable connection, or integral connection; may be mechanical connection or electrical connection; may be direct connection, or indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or internal communication between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3 , this embodiment provides, on the one hand, a composite-grained abrasive belt, comprising a substrate 1, a bonding layer 2 and an abrasive layer 3, wherein the bonding layer 2 is arranged on the substrate 1, and the abrasive layer 3 is arranged on the On the bonding layer 2; the abrasive layer 3 includes a plurality of sanding areas; the grinding ends of the abrasive particles in each sanding area are at the same reference height to ensure the grinding effect; each sanding area is provided with the same particle size of abrasive particles, The particle size of the abrasive grains in each sanding zone varies in a gradient along the long side of the grinding belt.

Specifically, when the abrasive belt is structurally set in this embodiment, the number of sanding areas divided on the abrasive belt is two or more, and the specific number of divided areas and the expanded grinding belt in each area are The area ratio can be set according to the processing requirements of different materials to be ground, so that the grain size of the abrasive grains changes in a gradient, that is, as long as it is satisfied, the grain size of the abrasive grains in each sanding zone gradually increases along the long side of the grinding belt. increase or decrease gradually.

Meanwhile, in FIGS. 1 to 3 , the abrasive grains with the same grain size are based on the orientation and positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the abrasive belt shown in this embodiment, and are not indicated or implied. The abrasive grains referred to cannot be arranged in other forms, and the arrangement form of the abrasive grains changes with the change of the sand planting process.

In addition, in Figures 1 to 3, for the convenience of drawing, each abrasive grain in the corresponding sanding area is drawn as a conical structure, rather than indicating or implying that the abrasive grains cannot be in other structural forms, as long as the abrasive grains meet the grinding requirements. All particles should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Therefore, when the abrasive belt shown in this embodiment performs surface treatment on the workpiece along the longitudinal direction of the workpiece, the surface of the workpiece can be sequentially ground by the abrasive grains in different sanding areas, so that the workpiece can be removed while the material is being removed. A lower surface roughness is obtained, which greatly improves the production efficiency.

Further, in order to ensure the effect of the surface sanding treatment on the workpiece, especially the workpiece with biological unevenness, when the abrasive belt is specifically designed in this embodiment, it should be ensured that the abrasive grains in the two adjacent sanding areas should be ensured. The difference of the particle size is reasonably set according to the characteristics of the material to be ground, wherein the workpiece is preferably a wood material, specifically wood, wood-based panels and wood composite materials.

Further, in this embodiment, the sanding zone includes a first sanding zone, a second sanding zone and a third sanding zone which are sequentially arranged along the long side of the grinding belt; the first sanding zone, the third sanding zone The particle size of the abrasive particles in the second sanding zone and the third sanding zone decreases in turn.

Specifically, coarse abrasive grains with a mesh number of 46-80 meshes can be selected for the first sanding zone, medium-sized abrasive grains with a mesh number of 100-180 meshes can be selected for the second sanding zone, and a mesh size can be selected for the third sanding zone Fine abrasive grains of 200-400 mesh. It should be pointed out here that the mesh numbers of abrasive grains respectively set in the first sanding zone, the second sanding zone and the third sanding zone are only for further detailed description of the solution shown in this embodiment, rather than to indicate or It is implied that other grain sizes cannot be used.

At the same time, it is further illustrated in FIG. 3 that the widths of the abrasive grains arranged in the first sanding zone, the second sanding zone and the third sanding zone correspond to l ₁ , l ₂ and l ₃ . The width also characterizes the distribution area of the three kinds of abrasive grains in the expansion area of the abrasive belt accordingly.

When the compound abrasive belt is used to grind the surface of the workpiece, the abrasive belt can choose 80 mesh coarse abrasive grains in its first sanding zone, 120 mesh medium-sized abrasive grains in the second sanding zone, and 120 mesh in the third sanding zone. Area can choose 200 mesh fine abrasive grains.

In the first grinding cycle, the grinding profiles shown in Figure 4, Figure 5 and Figure 6 will be sequentially formed on the surface of the workpiece. The grinding profile shown in Figure 4 is formed by 80-mesh coarse abrasive grains. Grinding traces, the grinding shape shown in Figure 5 is the grinding traces left on the workpiece surface by the 120-mesh abrasive grains on the basis of the grinding traces formed by the 80-mesh coarse abrasive grains, while the grinding shape shown in Figure 6 The appearance is the grinding marks left on the workpiece surface by the 200-mesh abrasive grains on the basis of the superimposed grinding marks formed by the 80-mesh and 120-mesh abrasive grains.

Similarly, when the surface of the workpiece is further ground in the second grinding cycle, the grinding profile shown in Figure 7 is the grinding trace formed by the 80-mesh coarse abrasive particles on the surface of the workpiece for the second grinding. The grinding profile shown in FIG. 8 is the grinding traces obtained by further processing the 120-mesh abrasive grains on the surface of the workpiece shown in FIG. 7 , while the grinding profile shown in FIG. 9 is the 200-mesh abrasive grains further processed in FIG. 8 . Grinding marks obtained by machining the workpiece surface shown.

It can be seen that when the grinding belt rotates at a high speed, the surface quality of the workpiece obtained by the final grinding process is good, and at the same time, part of the workpiece material can be effectively removed. In addition, it is also considered that when the grinding belt rotates at a high speed, lateral movement will occur, which on the other hand will improve the removal ability of the workpiece material.

Further, in this embodiment, the abrasive grains in the sanding area are evenly arranged, and each abrasive grain is arranged with the pointed end up and the large end down, and the pointed end is the grinding end of the abrasive grain.

Specifically, by arranging the abrasive grains in the sanding zone evenly, it is beneficial to ensure the processing quality of the workpiece surface; in addition, arranging each abrasive grain with the pointed end up and the big end down is beneficial to ensure that each abrasive grain The firmness of the grain bond is also beneficial to ensure the grinding effect of each abrasive grain.

Further, referring to FIG. 12 , on the other hand, the present embodiment provides a preparation method based on the above-mentioned composite particle size abrasive belt, comprising:

S1, according to the preset positions of different sanding areas, adjust the thickness of the corresponding area on the upper surface of the substrate, so that the grinding ends of the abrasive particles in each sanding area are at the same reference height;

S2, coating an adhesive layer on the upper surface of the substrate;

S3, implanting abrasive grains with corresponding particle sizes on the bonding layer according to different pre-set sanding areas.

Specifically, during the preparation process of the preparation method shown in this embodiment, it is only necessary to adjust the thickness of the corresponding area on the upper surface of the substrate according to the preset positions of different sanding areas, so as to make the subsequent implantation in the bonding layer possible. The grinding end of each abrasive grain is at the same reference height, the whole preparation process is simple, and it ensures that the grain size of the abrasive grains in each sanding zone changes in a gradient along the long side of the grinding belt, thus realizing abrasive grains of different grain sizes. Partition compound arrangement on the abrasive belt.

Further, step S3 in this embodiment includes: using the electrostatic sand planting process to evenly implant the abrasive grains on the bonding layer, and ensuring that the electric field force is kept uniform during the sand planting, and the abrasive grains with large particle size are set when the abrasive grains are implanted. The electric field force is greater than that of abrasive particles with small particle size.

Specifically, when the abrasive grains with different particle sizes corresponding to the first sanding area, the second sanding area and the third sanding area are sequentially sanded, the particle sizes of the abrasive particles in the three sanding areas decrease in turn. , during the sand planting operation, the magnitude of the set electric field force also decreases accordingly.

Further, the material selected for the abrasive grains in this embodiment is corundum or silicon carbide.

Further, referring to FIG. 10 , compared with the sanding machine with multiple sets of sand frames using the common sanding belt 5, the use of the composite grain size sanding belt 6 shown in this embodiment will greatly simplify the operation of the multi-grinding head sanding machine. structure, in which the composite-grained abrasive belt 6 is installed on a sanding machine with only one grinding head as shown in FIG. 11 . Originally, the workpiece 4 needed to pass through multiple sets of sand racks in sequence to complete the coarse sand, fine grinding and polishing operations. Now, it can pass through the sand rack loaded with the composite-grained abrasive belt 6 at one time to simultaneously achieve quantitative material removal and obtain ideal surface roughness. This makes the operation easier and more convenient, improves the sanding efficiency of the workpiece, and greatly reduces the power consumption of the sander.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model, but not to limit them; although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: It is still possible to modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements to some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the spirit of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention and range.

Claims (4)

1. a composite granularity abrasive belt, comprising a matrix, a bonding layer and an abrasive layer, the bonding layer is arranged on the substrate, and the abrasive layer is arranged on the bonding layer, it is characterized in that, the the abrasive layer includes a plurality of sanding zones; The grinding ends of the abrasive grains in each of the sanding zones are at the same reference height; Each sanding zone is provided with abrasive grains of the same size, and the grain size of the abrasive grains in each sanding zone varies in a gradient along the longitudinal direction of the grinding belt. 2. composite granularity abrasive belt according to claim 1, is characterized in that, The sanding zone includes a first sanding zone, a second sanding zone and a third sanding zone which are sequentially arranged along the longitudinal direction of the abrasive belt; The particle sizes of the abrasive particles in the first sanding zone, the second sanding zone, and the third sanding zone decrease in sequence. 3. composite granularity abrasive belt according to claim 2, is characterized in that, The abrasive grain size of the first sanding zone is 46-80 mesh, the abrasive grain size of the second sanding zone is 100-180 mesh, and the abrasive grain size of the third sanding zone is 200-400 mesh . 4. The composite-grained abrasive belt according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the abrasive grains in the sanding zone are uniformly arranged, and each abrasive grain has a pointed end upward and a large end. Downwardly arranged, the prongs are the grinding ends of the abrasive grains.

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