CN210166569U - Augmented reality optical system based on free-form surface and optical waveguide - Google Patents
Augmented reality optical system based on free-form surface and optical waveguide Download PDFInfo
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- CN210166569U CN210166569U CN201921065595.3U CN201921065595U CN210166569U CN 210166569 U CN210166569 U CN 210166569U CN 201921065595 U CN201921065595 U CN 201921065595U CN 210166569 U CN210166569 U CN 210166569U
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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Abstract
The utility model provides an augmented reality optical system based on free-form surface and optical waveguide, include: image source 1: providing an image to be displayed; free-form surface optical portion 2: amplifying the image provided by the image source 1; input coupling portion 3: coupling the amplified image into the optical waveguide portion 4; optical waveguide portion 4: transmitting the magnified image; output coupling section 5: the image transmitted in the optical waveguide section 4 is output. The utility model provides a mode based on free-form surface and optical waveguide combine can accomplish the volume miniaturization, and weight is lightly miniaturized, and the consumption is also lower to the outward appearance is pleasing to the eye, wears comfortablely. The augmented reality technology based on the free-form surface and the optical waveguide can be widely applied to various fields of augmented reality technologies such as entertainment, simulation training, surgical operation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an optics technical field specifically, relates to augmented reality optical system based on free-form surface and optical waveguide.
Background
With the development of artificial intelligence, the augmented reality display device will be more and more valued by people as a part of human smart life. As an auxiliary tool for human, especially a head-mounted tool, a series of requirements such as small size, light weight, beautiful appearance, large visual field, low cost and the like must be achieved as much as possible.
Publication No. CN106324841A discloses an augmented reality display device and augmented reality glasses, the device include refraction adjustable module, transparent display module and control module, refraction adjustable module and transparent display module range upon range of setting and have and predetermine the distance, control module respectively electric connection in refraction adjustable module and transparent display module. In the first display time domain, the control module is used for controlling the transparent display module to enable the transparent display module to be in a full light transmission state and controlling the refraction adjustable module to enable light rays passing through the refraction adjustable module not to be refracted; and in the second display time domain, the control module controls the transparent display module to enable the transparent display module to display images, and controls the refraction adjustable module to enable the refraction adjustable module to amplify the displayed images.
However, existing technologies and products, such as prism technology represented by google glasses, have a small field of view and a large thickness; the birdbath technology represented by R8 and R9 of ODG has large volume and heavy weight; products represented by Epson BT series have large thickness and high cost; the diffraction waveguide technology represented by Digilens has high power consumption and poor color; and the light guide array scheme represented by lumus has extremely high power consumption and serious heat generation.
Accordingly, there is a need in the art for improved augmented reality display devices.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the defect among the prior art, the utility model aims at providing an augmented reality optical system based on free-form surface and optical waveguide.
According to the utility model provides a pair of augmented reality optical system based on free-form surface and optical waveguide, include:
image source 1: providing an image to be displayed;
free-form surface optical portion 2: amplifying the image provided by the image source 1;
input coupling portion 3: coupling the amplified image into the optical waveguide portion 4;
optical waveguide portion 4: transmitting the magnified image;
output coupling section 5: the image transmitted in the optical waveguide section 4 is output.
Preferably, the free-form optical portion 2 includes: the semi-transparent semi-reflective surface 23 is positioned between the first free-form surface 21 and the second free-form surface 22;
the image provided by the image source 1 is guided by the first free-form surface 21, passes through the semi-transparent and semi-reflective surface 23, is amplified and reflected by the second free-form surface 22, and is reflected out of the free-form surface optical part 2 by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective surface 23.
Preferably, the optical waveguide portion 4 includes: a first exterior layer 41, an interior layer 42, and a second exterior layer 43, the first exterior layer 41 and the second exterior layer 43 being disposed on both sides of the interior layer 42, respectively;
the refractive index n2 of the inner layer 42 is greater than the refractive index n1 of the first outer layer 41 and the refractive index n3 of the second outer layer 43.
Preferably, the light guide portion 4 has an incident angle θ > arcsin (n1/n2), θ > arcsin (n3/n 2).
Preferably, the output coupling portion 5 includes a transflective slope array formed by a plurality of transflective slopes, each having a different reflectivity.
Preferably, the transflective slope comprises a diffractive surface or a fresnel surface.
Preferably, the image source 1 comprises a silicon-based liquid crystal display or a micro-organic light emitting diode display, the brightness is more than 1000 nits, the size is less than 0.5 inch, and the included angle a between the outgoing optical fiber at the edge of the image plane and the normal of the image plane is more than or equal to +/-10 degrees and less than or equal to 150 degrees.
Preferably, the free-form optical portion 2 includes one or more free-form surfaces including an anamorphic aspheric surface, a toric XY polynomial surface, or a bi-quadric surface.
Preferably, the input coupling part 3 or the output coupling part 5 is one or more reflecting surfaces, the surface type of which includes one or more of a plane, a sphere, an aspheric surface, or a diffraction surface.
Preferably, the optical waveguide portion 4 includes a planar array optical waveguide or a diffractive optical waveguide.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
the utility model provides a mode based on free-form surface and optical waveguide combine can accomplish the volume miniaturization, and weight is lightly miniaturized, and the consumption is also lower to the outward appearance is pleasing to the eye, wears comfortablely.
The augmented reality technology based on the free-form surface and the optical waveguide can be widely applied to various fields of augmented reality technologies such as entertainment, simulation training, surgical operation and the like.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram based on free-form surfaces and optical waveguide technology according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical path based on free-form surfaces and optical waveguide technology according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a portion of an optical waveguide based on free-form surfaces and optical waveguide technology in accordance with one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an input-coupling portion using a transflective Fresnel surface according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an input coupling portion using array reflection according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an input coupling portion using free-form surfaces and transflective according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of an input coupling portion employing diffractive facets according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an output coupling portion using array reflection according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of an out-coupling portion employing diffractive facets according to one embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an output coupling portion using a transflective fresnel surface according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The optical system for enhancing reality is an image amplifying system, an image generated by an image source is amplified by the optical system, an amplified virtual image is presented at a certain distance in front of human eyes, and a user can be completely immersed in a virtual situation and can also be combined with reality to form an expanded reality scene.
The application provides an optical system based on the combination of free-form surface and optical waveguide technology, as shown in fig. 1, the whole system comprises an image source 1, a free-form surface optical part 2, an input coupling part 3, an optical waveguide part 4, an output coupling part 5 and an observer human eye 6. The image source 1 is configured to generate image information, for example, the image source 1 may be a liquid crystal on silicon display element Lcos or an organic light emitting diode display element Oled, and the optical waveguide portion may use a planar array optical waveguide or a diffractive optical waveguide. The free-form optical portion 2 includes two free- form surfaces 21 and 22 and a semi-transparent and semi-reflective surface 23, and the remaining surfaces are flat surfaces. As shown in fig. 3, the optical waveguide portion 4 includes three portions, an outer layer one 41, an inner layer 42, and an outer layer two 43. The output coupling section 5 is an array including six transflective inclined planes 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, each of which has a different reflectivity, so as to obtain a display with uniform illumination, and may also be a transflective diffraction plane or a transflective fresnel plane.
The observer's human eye 6, i.e. the pupil of the human eye, is also the entrance pupil of the optical system. Image information generated by an image source is guided by the free-form surface 21, passes through the semi-transparent and semi-reflective surface 23, is amplified and reflected by the free-form surface 22, passes through the semi-transparent and semi-reflective surface 23 again, is reflected out of the free-form surface optical part, passes through the input coupling part 3, the optical waveguide part 4 and the output coupling part 5, then enters human eyes of an observer, and outside scenes enter the eyes of the observer through the optical waveguide part.
From the object side to the human eye side, the optical system based on the free-form surface and the optical waveguide technology includes an image source 1, a free-form surface 21, a semi-transparent and semi-reflective surface 23 of the free-form surface, the free-form surface 23, an input coupling portion 3, an optical waveguide portion 4, and an output coupling portion 5. The optical path diagram of the optical system is shown in fig. 2.
The output coupling part comprises six semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting reflecting surfaces, the reflectivity of each surface is different, and pictures with consistent brightness enter human eyes according to calculation. And the output coupling part is a synthetic surface of the outside scene and the virtual image, and the synthetic light rays enter human eyes together.
In one embodiment, the profile of the free-form surface 21 and the free-form surface 23 of the free-form optical portion may be one of the following three profiles: anamorphic aspheric surfaces, toric XY polynomial surfaces, and bi-quadric surfaces.
a. Deformed aspheric surface
In the formula (1), CxIs the radius of curvature of the curved surface in the X-Z plane in the X direction, CyIs the radius of curvature, K, of the curved surface in the Y-Z plane in the Y directionxIs the coefficient of the quadratic curve, K, of the curved surface in the X directionyIs a quadratic curve system of curved surface Y directionNumber, AiIs 4,6,8,10, … 2 order n aspheric coefficients, and has rotational symmetry about the Z axis, PiIs a 4,6,8,10, … 2 order n non-rotationally symmetric coefficient. The XYZ orientation is shown in figure 1. Each parameter is in the real range.
b. Toric XY polynomial surface
Surface equation of toric XY polynomial surface (AXYP):
wherein, cx，cyThe radius of curvature, k, of the apex of the curved surface in the meridian and sagittal directions, respectivelyx，kyCoefficient of quadric surface, C, in the meridional and sagittal directions, respectively(m,n)Is a polynomial xmynP is the highest power of the polynomial. Each parameter is in the real range.
c. Double quadric surface
Wherein,
the radius value in the X direction is set in the first parameter column. If set to 0, the radius value in the x-direction is considered to be infinite. Parameter definition of biquadric: a first parameter Rx, a second parameter Kx. Where Kx is the coefficient of the quadric surface. Each parameter is a real number range.
In one embodiment, the first free-form surface prism and the second free-form surface prism of the free-form surface optical part are glued, and the gluing surface is plated with a semi-reflecting and semi-transparent film.
In one embodiment, the image source may be a self-emissive LCOS display element. The image plane emergence angle a of the display element is an included angle between the emergent ray at the edge of the image plane and the normal line of the image plane, and theta is within a range of +/-10 degrees and not more than 150 degrees. For example, the image plane exit angle a may be ± 5 °, or ± 10 °. a, when the angle is +/-5 degrees, the field of view is small, and the obtained illuminance is high; when the angle a is +/-10 degrees, the visual field is large, and the obtained illumination is slightly low.
In one embodiment, the inner layer of the optical waveguide portion is made of glass material with a high refractive index, the outer layer is a hard coating film for preventing scratches, and the outer layer is an anti-reflection film for increasing light transmittance. To ensure the transmission of light in the light guide, the incident angle of light in the light guide portion is θ > arcsin (n1/n2), θ > arcsin (n3/n2), where n1 is the refractive index of outer layer one 41, n2 is the refractive index of inner layer 42, and n3 is the refractive index of outer layer two 43.
The augmented reality projection optical system based on the free-form surface and the optical waveguide technology has the advantages of simple and compact structure, few prism elements, small prism thickness, small size, light weight, high optical imaging quality and large view field.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an input coupling portion using a transflective Fresnel surface according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, where 41 is an optical waveguide, 42 is a transflective Fresnel surface, and 43 is an exemplary central ray; FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an input coupling portion using array reflection according to one embodiment of the present application, where 51 is an optical waveguide, 62 is an array reflection surface, and 63 is an exemplary central ray; FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an input coupling portion using free-form surfaces and transflective type, where 61 is an optical waveguide, 62 is a transflective surface, and 63 is an exemplary central ray, according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an input coupling portion using diffractive facets according to one embodiment of the present application, where 71 is an optical waveguide, 72 is a diffractive facet, and 73 is an exemplary central ray; FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an output coupling portion using array reflection according to one embodiment of the present application, where 81 is the array reflection surface, 82 is the optical waveguide, and 83 is an exemplary central ray; FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an outcoupling portion using diffractive surfaces according to an embodiment of the present application, where 91 is a diffractive surface, 92 is an optical waveguide, and 93 is an exemplary central ray; fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an output coupling portion using a transflective fresnel surface according to an embodiment of the present application, where 101 is the transflective fresnel surface, 102 is an optical waveguide, and 103 is an exemplary central ray.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing description of the specific embodiments of the invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. An augmented reality optical system based on a free-form surface and an optical waveguide, comprising:
image source (1): providing an image to be displayed;
free-form surface optical portion (2): amplifying an image provided by an image source (1);
input coupling section (3): coupling the magnified image into the optical waveguide portion (4);
optical waveguide portion (4): transmitting the magnified image;
output coupling section (5): an image transmitted in the optical waveguide section (4) is output.
2. The free-form and optical waveguide based augmented reality optical system of claim 1, wherein the free-form optical portion (2) comprises: the semi-transparent semi-reflecting surface (23) is positioned between the first free-form surface (21) and the second free-form surface (22);
an image provided by an image source (1) is guided by the first free-form surface (21), passes through the semi-transparent and semi-reflective surface (23), is amplified and reflected by the second free-form surface (22), and is reflected out of the free-form surface optical part (2) by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective surface (23).
3. The free-form surface and optical waveguide based augmented reality optical system according to claim 1, wherein the optical waveguide portion (4) comprises: a first outer layer (41), an inner layer (42), and a second outer layer (43), the first outer layer (41) and the second outer layer (43) being disposed on both sides of the inner layer (42), respectively;
the refractive index n2 of the inner layer (42) is greater than the refractive index n1 of the first outer layer (41) and the refractive index n3 of the second outer layer (43).
4. The free-form and optical waveguide based augmented reality optical system of claim 3, wherein the light incident angle θ of the optical waveguide portion (4) is > arcsin (n1/n2) and θ > arcsin (n3/n 2).
5. The free-form surface and optical waveguide based augmented reality optical system according to claim 1, wherein the output coupling portion (5) comprises a transflective slope array formed by a plurality of transflective slopes, each of which has a different reflectivity.
6. The free-form surface and optical waveguide based augmented reality optical system of claim 5, wherein the semi-reflective semi-transparent inclined plane comprises a diffractive surface or a Fresnel surface.
7. The freeform and optical waveguide based augmented reality optical system of claim 1, wherein the image source (1) comprises a silicon based liquid crystal display or a micro-organic light emitting diode display with a luminance greater than 1000 nits and a size less than 0.5 inches, and the angle a between the image plane edge exit fiber and the image plane normal is in the range of ± 10 ° a ≦ 150 °.
8. The free-form surface and optical waveguide based augmented reality optical system according to claim 1, wherein the free-form surface optical part (2) comprises one or more free-form surfaces including an anamorphic aspheric surface, a toric XY polynomial surface, or a bi-quadric surface.
9. The free-form surface and optical waveguide based augmented reality optical system according to claim 1, wherein the input coupling part (3) or the output coupling part (5) is one or more reflecting surfaces, and the surface type of the reflecting surface comprises one or more of a plane, a sphere, an aspheric surface or a diffraction surface.
10. The free-form and optical waveguide based augmented reality optical system according to claim 1, wherein the optical waveguide portion (4) comprises a planar array optical waveguide or a diffractive optical waveguide.
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| CN110286490A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-09-27 | 杭州历历信息科技有限公司 | Augmented reality optical system based on free-form surface and optical waveguide |
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| CN110286490A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-09-27 | 杭州历历信息科技有限公司 | Augmented reality optical system based on free-form surface and optical waveguide |
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