Comparison type multi-component force sensor calibration device
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of mechanical measurement, in particular to a calibration device for a comparison type multi-component force sensor.
Background
Along with the continuous promotion of productivity level, multicomponent force sensor obtains more and more extensive application in fields such as artificial intelligence, robot, aerospace, automotive industry, heavy machinery, intelligent manufacturing, advanced medical treatment, and the quantity value problem of tracing to multicomponent force sensor also emerges thereupon: when the traditional force standard machine is used for calibration, a special clamp needs to be customized to limit the displacement of a calibrated sensor in a test component direction, and the problems of repeated installation, limited positioning precision, incapability of testing coupling errors, complex operation process and the like exist. Therefore, it is necessary to design a dedicated calibration device for the technical features of the multi-component force sensor.
The calibration device for the multi-component force sensor which is mainstream at home and abroad can be classified according to comparison standards and comprises the following components: 1. a calibration device which takes the weight gravity as a comparison standard; 2. a calibration device which takes the single component standard dynamometer as a comparison standard; 3. and the calibration device takes the multi-component force sensor as a comparison standard. The calibration device using the weight gravity as a comparison standard usually uses a steel cable as a connecting piece between a loading head and a force source. For guaranteeing the measuring accuracy, receive the restriction of weight volume simultaneously, calibrating device is great to the requirement of installation space, so its measurement upper limit generally does not exceed 400kN, can't satisfy the calibration demand of big power value sensor, and this type of device can only carry out hierarchical loading. The single component standard dynamometer is used as a calibration device for comparison and comparison standards, the selection range of the force source is relatively wider, the test range can be greatly improved, meanwhile, a smaller installation space is ensured, and the operation is more convenient. However, since the force value is generally transmitted from the force source system to the calibrated sensor through the rigid structural member, a large error is generated due to additional frictional resistance when the coupling error is tested. The calibration device takes the multi-component force sensor as a comparison standard and carries out calibration by directly comparing the output of the sensor to be calibrated and the output of the multi-component force sensor of the device. However, since the geometric centers of the two sensors cannot coincide in at least two orthogonal directions, the direct measurement results inherently have systematic errors due to geometric configuration. And the multi-component force sensor also has the defect of difficult traceability, and can generate adverse effect on the subsequent maintenance work of the device.
In summary, in view of the above, how to reduce the space volume occupied by the calibration apparatus for multi-component force sensor and improve the flexibility of the apparatus for subsequent tracing as much as possible on the premise of improving the test range and reducing the crosstalk error is a technical problem to be solved urgently by the calibration apparatus.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a calibration device for a comparative multi-component force sensor, which simplifies the structure of the device, reduces the number of force sources used, and adds a laser displacement sensor for detecting the z-direction deformation of the calibrated sensor and the loading head to meet the user's requirements, while ensuring the independent and accurate loading, the pairwise combined loading, and the continuous loading of the multi-component force.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a calibration device for a comparative multicomponent force sensor, comprising: a main base provided on the ground; the main lifting platform is arranged on a main base, ten hydraulic force source systems which are installed with standard sensors in series are symmetrically arranged on the periphery of the main lifting platform, the standard sensors are installed in series with the hydraulic force source systems and used for accurately measuring and controlling force values, the force sources are respectively controlled and cooperatively operated, and synchronous loading and calibration of multiple components of vector force are achieved.
On the horizontal plane (xoy plane) of the device force coordinate system, a total of 6 hydraulic force source systems are arranged for realizing two forces Fx and Fy in the horizontal direction and a moment Mz moment around the vertical direction. The two force loading units in the x direction are respectively configured with 2 hydraulic force source systems, and the two force loading units in the y direction are respectively configured with 1 hydraulic force source system. The hydraulic force source system is arranged in the following mode: the first hydraulic type force source system, the second hydraulic type force source system, the third hydraulic type force source system and the fourth hydraulic type force source system are symmetrically arranged in front of and behind the main lifting platform, and the fifth hydraulic type force source system and the sixth hydraulic type force source system are symmetrically arranged on the left and right of the main lifting platform.
4 force sources are arranged on the force loading unit in the vertical direction (z direction) of the force vector coordinate system, and are used for measuring pressing force Fz in the vertical direction and moments Mx and My acting on a horizontal plane, seventh to tenth hydraulic force source systems are respectively arranged at four corners of the main base, and the seventh to tenth hydraulic force source systems are respectively symmetrical about an x-direction symmetrical axis b and a y-direction symmetrical axis a.
The clamp is detachably arranged on the main lifting table, and a calibrated sensor is arranged in the middle of the clamp; the loading head is of a plate-shaped structure and is detachably arranged on the clamp; the loading head is horizontally provided with a steel cable connected with the first to sixth hydraulic force source systems, and is vertically provided with a steel cable connected with the seventh to tenth hydraulic force source systems.
The first to sixth hydraulic force source systems and the main lifting platform are respectively provided with a laser displacement sensor which is suitable for compensating the component force caused by the z-direction deformation of the calibrated sensor or the loading head or any other component.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the universal steel cable connectors are respectively arranged at the two ends of the steel cable, and when each hydraulic force source system is loaded, if the calibrated sensor or the loading head or any other part is in an ideal working state without deformation, the universal steel cable connectors at the two ends of the steel cable are coaxially arranged.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the clamp comprises a top clamp and a bottom clamp which are oppositely arranged, the top clamp comprises a top column inserted and embedded at the bottom of the loading head and a lower flat plate connected to the bottom of the top column, and the bottom clamp comprises a bottom column inserted and embedded on the upper surface of the main lifting platform and an upper flat plate connected to the top of the bottom column. The calibrated sensor is respectively connected with the upper flat plate and the lower flat plate through bolts.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the four corners of the main lifting platform are respectively provided with a threaded column, and the threaded columns are fixedly connected with the main base or integrally formed. The threaded columns are arranged, so that the main lifting platform has a certain distance from the main base, and the space requirements for mounting the seventh to tenth hydraulic force source systems are met.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the first hydraulic force source system, the second hydraulic force source system, the third hydraulic force source system, the fourth hydraulic force source system and the fourth hydraulic force source system respectively comprise a base, threaded columns fixedly connected or integrally formed at four corners of the base, a lifting platform connected to the threaded columns, a pull-direction hydraulic oil cylinder horizontally arranged on the lifting platform and a standard sensor arranged at one end, facing the loading head, of the pull-direction hydraulic oil cylinder. The laser displacement sensor is arranged on the support, and the support is respectively sleeved on the corresponding threaded column of the hydraulic force source system and the threaded column of the main lifting platform. The support is including the sleeve and the cantilever beam of fixed connection on the sleeve of cover on locating the screw thread post, and laser displacement sensor locates on the cantilever beam.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: each hydraulic force source system is internally provided with a servo motor, a transmission mechanism and an internal thread sleeve which is in threaded fit with the threaded column; the servo motor is a power source and drives the internal thread sleeve through the transmission mechanism, and the internal thread sleeve drives the lifting platform to move up and down relative to the threaded column.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the seventh hydraulic force source system to the tenth hydraulic force source system respectively comprise a base, a pull-in hydraulic oil cylinder vertically arranged on the base and a standard sensor arranged on one end, facing the loading head, of the pull-in hydraulic oil cylinder.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: first to tenth universal steel cable connectors connected with the first to tenth hydraulic force source systems are symmetrically arranged on the loading head, and seventh to tenth universal steel cable connectors are arranged around a xoy plane at the bottom of the loading head and are respectively symmetrical about an x-direction symmetrical axis b and a y-direction symmetrical axis a.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: a front yoz plane and a rear yoz plane of the loading head are provided with a first universal steel cable connector, a second universal steel cable connector, a third universal steel cable connector, a fourth universal steel cable connector, a first positioning datum auxiliary part, a second positioning datum auxiliary part and a fourth positioning datum auxiliary part, and the front yoz plane and the rear yoz plane of the loading head are respectively symmetrical about a yoz plane passing through a geometric center point of the loading head and a xoz plane; the load head left and right xoz planes are provided with fifth and sixth gimbal cable connectors and fifth and sixth positioning reference aids, respectively, symmetrical about the yoz plane and xoz plane passing through the geometric center point of the load head.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the calibration of the three forward forces of Fx, Fy and Fz in different ranges is realized by reasonably setting the ten force sources in the x direction, the y direction and the z direction, the calibration of three moments of Mx, My and Mz is realized, and the loading of all component forces is not interfered with each other, so that the combined calibration of multiple components of Fx, Fy, Fz, Mx, My and Mz is realized simultaneously, the state of truly reflecting the coupling of multiple component forces in real life is achieved, and the requirement of a coupling error section of JJF1560-2016 (Multi-component force sensor calibration Specification) on component combination is met.
(2) According to the working principle and the working mode of the multi-component force sensor, the top/bottom clamp, the loading head and the force source system of the calibration device are designed in a simplified manner, the number of necessary hydraulic force source systems is reduced, and the manufacturing cost and the requirement on installation space of the calibration device are reduced.
(3) The steel cable is selected as the connecting piece, and under an ideal working state, the steel cable only provides axial force, so that the problem of parasitic frictional resistance generated when multi-component force is applied due to the combination of single-component force is solved.
(4) The device comprises a laser displacement sensor, a calibrated sensor, a loading head and a compensation device, wherein the laser displacement sensor is arranged to measure the z-direction deformation of the calibrated sensor or the loading head or any other component in the loading process, and then the device carries out compensation processing according to the measured deformation, so that the system errors caused by the axial deformation of the calibrated sensor and the bending deflection of the loading head during the pairwise combined loading of multi-component forces are compensated, the independent accurate loading, pairwise combined loading and continuous loading of the multi-component forces are finally realized, and the purpose of improving the measurement accuracy of coupling errors is achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a comparative multi-component force sensor calibration apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural split perspective view (right) and a partial enlarged view (left) of a main lifting platform in the comparative multi-component force sensor calibration apparatus provided in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a xoy plane at the bottom of a loading head in a comparative multi-component force sensor calibration apparatus provided by the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic force source system in a comparative multi-component force sensor calibration apparatus according to the present invention (the left side is a schematic structural diagram of seventh to tenth hydraulic force source systems, and the right side is a schematic structural diagram of first to sixth hydraulic force source systems).
Fig. 5 is a front view and a sectional view a-a of first through sixth hydraulic force source systems in a comparative multicomponent force sensor calibration apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a front view of a main lifting platform in a comparative multi-component force sensor calibration apparatus provided in the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser displacement sensor and a bracket thereof arranged on a main lifting platform in the comparative multi-component force sensor calibration device provided by the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a yoz plane passing through a geometrical center point and a front and back yoz plane of a loading head in the calibration device for a comparative multi-component force sensor according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a left and right xoz plane of a loading head and a xoz plane passing through a geometric center point in a comparative multi-component force sensor calibration apparatus according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the structures and/or processing steps closely related to the aspects of the present invention are shown in the drawings, and other details not closely related to the present invention are omitted.
In addition, it is also to be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the working principle of the present invention is that a plurality of forces and moments are synchronously applied to a stressed tool of a calibrated sensor 15, i.e., a loading head 11, in a plurality of directions, and the loading head 11 couples forces in all directions after bearing the plurality of forces and moments and then rigidly transmits the forces to the calibrated sensor 15. In order to ensure the accuracy of the moment parameters, the moment components are realized by applying force at a certain moment arm length position, and the steel cable 30 is used as a connecting piece, so that under an ideal working state, the steel cable 30 only provides axial force, and the problem of parasitic frictional resistance generated when single-component force is combined and applied to form multi-component force is avoided. In addition, in order to prevent the universal cable connectors 19 at the two ends of the cable 30 from generating component force due to different axes caused by the z-direction deformation of the calibrated sensor 15, the loading head 11 or any other part, laser displacement sensors 25 are respectively arranged on the first to sixth hydraulic force source systems 1 to 6 and the main lifting platform 12 in the x-axis and y-axis directions for calibration compensation.
4 hydraulic force source systems are respectively arranged in the x-axis direction and the z-axis direction of a device space coordinate system, 2 hydraulic force source systems are arranged in the y-axis direction, each hydraulic force source system is provided with a pull-direction hydraulic oil cylinder 21, the output head of each pull-direction hydraulic oil cylinder 21 is connected with a standard sensor 22 in series, and the forces in different positions and directions are coordinately loaded on a calibrated sensor 15 fixed on a main lifting platform 12 by carrying out selective control loading on each pull-direction hydraulic oil cylinder 21, so that the independent calibration of each component of a force vector or the synchronous combined loading and calibration of multi-component force can be realized.
As shown in fig. 1-6, a comparative multicomponent force sensor calibration apparatus includes: a main base 18 provided on the ground; the main lifting platform 12 is arranged on the main base 18, ten hydraulic force source systems which are provided with standard sensors 22 in series are symmetrically arranged on the periphery of the main lifting platform 12, the standard force sensors 22 are arranged in series with the hydraulic force source systems and used for accurately measuring and controlling force values, the force sources are respectively controlled and cooperatively operated, and synchronous loading and calibration of a plurality of components of vector force are realized.
On the horizontal plane (xoy plane) of the device force coordinate system, a total of 6 hydraulic force source systems are arranged for realizing two forces Fx and Fy in the horizontal direction and a moment Mz moment around the vertical direction. The two force loading units in the x direction are respectively configured with 2 hydraulic force source systems, and the two force loading units in the y direction are respectively configured with 1 hydraulic force source system. The hydraulic force source system is arranged in the following mode: the first hydraulic force source system 1, the second hydraulic force source system 2, the third hydraulic force source system 3 and the fourth hydraulic force source system 4 are symmetrically arranged at the front and the rear of the main lifting platform 12, and the fifth hydraulic force source system 5 and the sixth hydraulic force source system 6 are symmetrically arranged at the left and the right of the main lifting platform 12.
The force loading unit in the vertical direction (z direction) of the force vector coordinate system is provided with 4 force sources in total and used for measuring a pressing force Fz in the vertical direction and moments Mx and My acting on a horizontal plane, seventh to tenth hydraulic force source systems 7 to 10 are respectively arranged at four corners of the main base, and the seventh to tenth hydraulic force source systems 7 to 10 are respectively symmetrical about an x-direction symmetrical axis b and a y-direction symmetrical axis a.
The clamp is detachably arranged on the main lifting table 12, and a calibrated sensor 15 is arranged in the middle of the clamp; the loading head 11 is of a plate-shaped structure and is detachably arranged on the clamp; a steel cable 30 is horizontally arranged on the loading head 11 and is connected with the first to sixth hydraulic force source systems 1 to 6, and a steel cable 30 is vertically arranged on the loading head 11 and is connected with the seventh to tenth hydraulic force source systems 7 to 10
The first to sixth hydraulic force source systems 1 to 6 and the main lifting platform 12 are respectively provided with a laser displacement sensor 25, which is suitable for compensating the component force caused by the z-direction deformation of the calibrated sensor 15, the loading head 11 or any other component.
In this embodiment, the universal cable connectors 19 are respectively disposed at two ends of the cable 30, and when each hydraulic force source system is loaded, if the calibrated sensor 15, the loading head 11 or any other component is in an ideal working state without deformation, the universal cable connectors 19 at two ends of the cable 30 are coaxially disposed.
In this embodiment, the clamps include a top clamp 13 and a bottom clamp 14 disposed opposite to each other, the top clamp 13 includes a top pillar inserted into the bottom of the loading head 11 and a lower plate connected to the bottom of the top pillar, and the bottom clamp 14 includes a bottom pillar inserted into the upper surface of the main elevating platform 12 and an upper plate connected to the top of the bottom pillar. The calibrated sensor 15 is respectively connected with the upper flat plate and the lower flat plate through bolts.
In this embodiment, the four corners of the main lifting platform 12 are respectively provided with a threaded column 24, and the threaded columns 24 are fixedly connected to or integrally formed with the main base 18. The threaded columns 24 are arranged, so that the main lifting platform has a certain distance from the main base, and the space requirements for mounting the seventh to tenth hydraulic force source systems 7-10 are met. The first to sixth hydraulic force source systems 1 to 6 each include a base 28, threaded columns 24 fixedly connected or integrally formed at four corners of the base, a lifting platform 23 connected to the threaded columns 24 in a threaded manner, a pull-in hydraulic cylinder 21 horizontally arranged on the lifting platform 23, and a standard sensor 22 arranged at one end of the pull-in hydraulic cylinder 21 facing the loading head 11. The seventh to tenth hydraulic force source systems 7 to 10 each include a base 28, a pull-in hydraulic cylinder 21 vertically provided on the base 28, and a standard sensor 22 provided on an end of the pull-in hydraulic cylinder 21 facing the loading head 11.
The laser displacement sensor 25 is arranged on a support 26, and the support 26 is respectively sleeved on the corresponding threaded column 24 of the hydraulic force source system and the threaded column 24 of the main lifting platform. As shown in fig. 4, the bracket 26 disposed on the first to sixth hydraulic force source systems 1 to 6 includes a sleeve sleeved on the threaded column 24 and a cantilever beam fixedly connected to the sleeve, and the laser displacement sensor 25 is disposed on the cantilever beam. As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the support 26 disposed on the main lifting platform 12 includes a sleeve sleeved on the threaded column 24, a cantilever beam disposed between the two sleeves, and side wings disposed on one side of the sleeve, respectively, the side wings are fixedly connected with the cantilever beam, and the laser displacement sensor 25 is disposed on the cantilever beam.
Each hydraulic force source system is internally provided with a servo motor, a transmission mechanism and an internal thread sleeve which is in threaded fit with the threaded column; the servo motor is a power source and drives the internal thread sleeve through the transmission mechanism, and the internal thread sleeve drives the lifting platform to move up and down relative to the threaded column.
The laser displacement sensor 25 arranged on the first to sixth hydraulic force source systems 1-6 measures the vertical distance H from the laser displacement sensor to the positioning reference auxiliary 27 at the bottom of the lifting platform 232A laser displacement sensor 25 arranged on the main lifting platform 12 for measuring itVertical distance H to positioning reference aid arranged on loading head 111And the control system controls each hydraulic force source system to move up and down the lifting platform 23 according to the difference between the two measured distances, so that the force application point of each force source system and the force application point of the loading head 11 are ensured to be on the same horizontal plane, and the aim of improving the measurement precision of the coupling error is fulfilled by removing component force.
In this embodiment, the loading head 11 is symmetrically provided with first to tenth universal cable connectors 1901 to 1910 connected to the first to tenth hydraulic force source systems 1 to 10, and the seventh to tenth universal cable connectors 1907 to 1910 are disposed around the bottom xoy plane of the loading head and are respectively symmetric about the x-axis symmetry b and the y-axis symmetry a.
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 7, the loading head 11 has first to fourth universal cable connectors 1901 to 1904 and first to fourth positioning reference aids 2001 to 2004 provided on the front yoz plane 231 and the rear yoz plane 232 thereof, respectively, symmetrically with respect to the yoz plane 233 and the xoz plane 133 passing through the geometric center point of the loading head; the left xoz plane 131 and the right xoz plane 132 of the loading head 11 are provided with fifth and sixth gimbal cable connectors 1905-1906 and fifth and sixth positioning reference aids 2005-2006, respectively, that are symmetrical about the middle yoz plane 233 and the middle xoz plane 133, respectively, that pass through the geometric center point of the loading head.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.