CN203904062U - Biological filter for porous ceramsites - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a porous ceramsite biological filter. In the anti-seepage pool body, the leaky grille is used to separate the upper biological filter cavity and the lower filter cavity; the top of the biological filter cavity is provided with a water inlet, and the biological filter cavity is provided with a porous ceramsite filter layer; The porous ceramsite filter layer is composed of porous ceramsite which can be suspended in water and has a macroporous structure distributed on the surface; a water outlet and a mud discharge outlet are arranged in the filter collection cavity. Using porous ceramsite filter layer to filter, it can not only intercept suspended solids but also serve as a microbial growth carrier, and simultaneously realize the effects of physical filtration and biological filtration. Moreover, porous ceramsite can be suspended in water, and the impurities adsorbed on its surface can be separated from precipitation in water, and the filter layer is easy to clean and regenerate. Compared with traditional technology, it has the advantages of environmental protection, high efficiency, small footprint, and large hydraulic load.

Description

A kind of porous ceramsite biological filter

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of sewage treatment, in particular to a biological filter device using porous ceramsite as filter filler, which is mainly used in a rapid percolation sewage treatment system.

Background technique

With the rapid development of my country's national economy, the discharge of industrial sewage and domestic sewage has increased year by year. At the same time, the global greenhouse effect and the rapid development of industry have reduced clean water resources year by year and are threatened by pollution. The sewage treatment industry is facing enormous challenges and pressures, and the only way to solve this imminent problem is to develop new, efficient, energy-saving and low-cost sewage purification treatment technologies.

Rapid infiltration sewage treatment system (RI) is a kind of sewage land treatment technology. It chooses natural sandy soil with good permeability as the site of the quick seepage pool, and spreads the sewage on the quick seepage tank. The sewage alternately floods and dries up in the quick seepage pool, and produces complex physical and chemical reactions through the sewage seepage into the soil layer. And biological action to purify the sewage. The advantages of the RI system are: low operating costs, convenient operation, easy management, and the effluent quality is better than that of the conventional activated sludge secondary sewage treatment system. However, RI also has the disadvantages of large area, strict site conditions, and low hydraulic load, so it is only suitable for promotion and application according to local conditions.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve many defects of the RI system, the utility model provides a biological filter device with small footprint, large hydraulic load, good filtering effect, low cost, and porous ceramsite as filter filler.

The specific technical scheme is as follows:

A kind of porous ceramsite biofilter tank, in the anti-seepage pool body, the biological filter chamber of the upper layer and the filter chamber of the lower layer are separated by a water leakage grid plate; the top of the biological filter chamber is provided with a water inlet, and the inside of the biological filter chamber A porous ceramsite filter layer is provided; the porous ceramsite filter layer is composed of porous ceramsite which can be suspended in water and has a macroporous structure on the surface; the filter collecting cavity is provided with a water outlet and a mud discharge outlet.

The porous ceramsite is prepared according to the method described in the previous patent application "a porous ceramsite and its preparation method (patent application number: 201310545843.5)". The porous ceramsite used is fired from solid waste such as ceramic polishing slag, sludge, coal gangue, etc. The material cost is low and the production process is simple, which greatly reduces the material cost. Porous ceramsite can be transported in bulk, and the construction site is integrated and packaged, which greatly reduces the cost of packaging, transportation and construction.

The sewage enters from the water inlet, and after passing through the biological filtration of the porous ceramsite filter layer, the mud and filtered water flow into the filter chamber through the leakage grille, the filtered water is discharged from the water outlet, and the mud is discharged from the mud discharge port. The porous structure on the surface of the porous ceramsite filter layer has the following functions: (1) It can intercept the suspended matter and separate the mud and water in the sewage; (2) It can be used as a microbial growth carrier, allowing the microorganisms to grow on the surface and absorb the organic matter in the sludge, To achieve biological purification; (3) The porous ceramsite filter layer is lighter than water. When the water level of the pool body rises to a certain level, the porous ceramsite will be suspended and dispersed in the water, and the sludge in the filter layer will break away from the ceramsite and sink to the bottom of the pool, thereby To achieve the separation of ceramsite and mud.

Preferably, the porous ceramsite biofilter also includes a cleaning device, and the cleaning device includes a water pump, an upper water distribution pipe and a lower water distribution pipe; both the upper water distribution pipe and the lower distribution water pipe are connected to the water pump; the upper cloth The water pipe extends into the biological filter chamber and is placed above the porous ceramsite filter layer; the lower water distribution pipe extends into the filter collection chamber; the lower water distribution pipe is also provided with a valve to prevent the filtered water from flowing backward. The upper and lower distribution pipes are used for forward and reverse flushing of the porous ceramsite filter layer.

Preferably, a fan is also provided at the bottom of the biological filter cavity; the function of the fan is to bring air into the filter tank when flushing the porous ceramsite filter layer, agitate the cleaning water to wash away the porous ceramsite, and make the porous ceramsite surface Sludge falls off and deposits; another function of fan blowing is to provide oxygen for the aerobic biofilm on the surface of the filter material, and promote aerobic biodegradation of organic pollutants in the pool.

Preferably, the mud discharge port is located at the bottom of the filter chamber, and the bottom of the filter chamber is also provided with a mud scraping device for scraping the sediment to the mud discharge port.

Preferably, there are two water outlets, including a clean water outlet and a cleaning water outlet, both of which are equipped with filter screens and valves.

The porous ceramsite biofilter of the utility model adopts porous ceramsite with a macroporous structure of high specific surface area to replace ordinary ceramsite, quartz sand, gravel and other filter materials, which greatly improves the filter's functions of adsorption, filtration and biofilm loading. Experimental results show that the porous ceramsite layer can absorb more than 90% of the suspended matter in the sewage, so that the sewage can be deeply purified, while increasing the hydraulic load and reducing the occupied area of the filter.

The porous structure of the porous ceramsite filter layer enables it to absorb pollutants, intercept solid particles, and support biofilms. It also has good mechanical strength, low cost, light weight, easy cleaning, and easy handling. It can be used to remove Dirt filler, biofilm filler, water-absorbent filler, etc. Porous ceramsite replaces traditional ordinary ceramsite, quartz sand, and gravel. Because the water purification efficiency is greatly improved, the traditional fast filter tank and quick infiltration tank can be combined into one, reducing construction costs and saving land resources. On the other hand, the porous ceramsite filter layer has the advantage of saving water in washing: because the porous ceramsite also distributes criss-cross and closed-cell structures inside the porous ceramsite, the specific gravity of the porous ceramsite is lighter than that of water. When the water volume reaches a certain amount , The porous ceramsite is suspended or floating in the water, and the impurities on the surface are separated from the ceramsite and sink to the bottom of the water, so that the filter layer is easier to clean and regenerate, and the amount of flushing water can be greatly reduced.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the porous ceramsite biofilter in Example 1.

Reference signs: 1-anti-seepage pool body; 2-biological filter cavity; 3-collection filter cavity; 4-leakage grille; 5-sewage water inlet; 6-porous ceramsite filter layer; 7-sludge outlet; 8-cleaning water outlet; 9-clean water outlet; 10-water pump; 11-upper distribution water pipe; 12-lower distribution water pipe; 13-fan; 14-mud scraping device.

Detailed ways

A porous ceramsite biofilter, comprising an anti-seepage pool body 1 surrounded by an anti-seepage wall, the anti-seepage pool body 1 is provided with a leaking grille plate 4, and the leaking grille plate 4 separates the pool body into upper and lower layers , the upper layer is the biological filter cavity 2, and the lower layer is the filter cavity 3. The top of the biological filter chamber 2 is provided with a water inlet 5 for sewage, the biological filter chamber 2 is provided with a porous ceramsite filter layer 6 which can be suspended in water, and a fan 13 is provided near the bottom. The filter chamber 3 is used to collect the biologically filtered water and mud, and the filter chamber 3 is provided with a water outlet and a mud outlet 7 . The porous ceramsite filter layer is composed of porous ceramsite which can be suspended in water and has a macroporous structure distributed on the surface. Wherein there are two water outlets, which are respectively a clean water outlet 9 and a cleaning water outlet 8, and both water outlets are equipped with filter screens and valves. The bottom of the filter chamber 3 is provided with a mud scraping device 14 for scraping the sediment to the mud outlet 7 .

The biological filter tank is also provided with a cleaning device, which includes a water pump 10 , an upper water distribution pipe 11 and a lower water distribution pipe 12 . Both the upper water distribution pipe 11 and the lower water distribution pipe 12 are connected to the water pump 10; the upper water distribution pipe 10 extends to the biological filter chamber 2 and is located above the porous ceramsite filter layer 6; the lower water distribution pipe 11 extends to the filter chamber 3, The lower distribution water pipe 11 is provided with a control valve.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of porous ceramsite biofilter, it is characterized in that, in the percolation pond body, be separated into the biofiltration cavity of upper strata and the collection filter cavity of lower floor with leakage grid plate; The top of described biofiltration cavity is provided with The water outlet, the biological filter cavity is provided with a porous ceramsite filter layer; the porous ceramsite filter layer can be suspended in water and is composed of porous ceramsite with a macroporous structure on the surface; the filter collection cavity is provided with a water outlet and a drain Mud mouth. 2. porous ceramsite biofilter as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises cleaning device, and described cleaning device comprises water pump, upper cloth water pipe and lower cloth water pipe; Described upper cloth water pipe and lower cloth water pipe all It is connected with the water pump; the upper water distribution pipe extends into the biological filter chamber and is placed above the porous ceramsite filter layer; the lower water distribution pipe extends into the filter chamber; the lower water distribution pipe is also provided with a valve. 3. The porous ceramsite biofilter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a fan is also provided at the bottom of the biofiltration chamber. 4. The porous ceramsite biofilter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mud discharge port is located at the bottom of the filter cavity, and the bottom of the filter cavity is also provided with a filter for scraping the sediment to the sludge discharge. Mouth scraping device. 5. The porous ceramsite biofilter according to claim 1, wherein there are two water outlets, including a clean water outlet and a cleaning water outlet, and both water outlets are equipped with filter screens and valves.