CN203891946U - V-shaped heat energy power equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a V-type thermal energy power equipment, comprising a heat collector, a heat preservation pipe, a gasification reactor, an atomizer, a cylinder, a piston, a piston ring, an automatic exhaust valve, a cooler, a liquid storage tank, and a pressure valve , connecting rod, crankshaft, insulation layer, rotating shaft and casing; the cylinders on the casing are divided into two groups, and the adjacent cylinders are arranged together at a certain angle, and the angle between the centerlines of the left and right rows of cylinders γ<180°, two groups The cylinders form an angled plane, and the cylinders are arranged in a V shape when viewed from the side. The V-shaped structure of the utility model shortens the length and height of the machine body; the cylinders have been staggered to each other, so there is a larger space, and the diameter of the cylinder can be enlarged to increase the displacement and power; the working medium is recycled, no pollution; heat energy conversion Efficiency 65%-98%; can replace conventional energy consumption, high economic benefits, energy saving and environmental protection, low noise.

Description

A V-shaped thermal power device

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of thermal power equipment, in particular to a power equipment that converts heat energy such as solar energy, geothermal heat, high-temperature gas generated by combustible combustion, internal combustion engine heat or tail gas, and high-temperature gas discharged from factories into kinetic energy.

Background technique

Traditional power equipment includes steam engine, internal combustion engine and external combustion engine.

Steam engine: Inseparable from the boiler, the whole device is bulky and bulky; the pressure and temperature of the fresh steam cannot be too high, the exhaust pressure cannot be too low, and the thermal efficiency is difficult to improve; it is a reciprocating machine, and the inertia limits the increase of the speed; The working process is discontinuous, and the flow of steam is limited, which limits the improvement of power.

Internal combustion engine: complex structure, high requirements on fuel, strict requirements on fuel cleanliness, and environmental pollution.

External combustion engine, such as Stirling engine is one of them. Compared with internal combustion engine, Stirling engine has the following advantages:

Applicable to various energy sources, whether it is liquid, gaseous or solid fuel, when the heat transfer system (such as heat pipe) is used for indirect heating, almost any high-temperature heat source (solar radioactive isotope and nuclear reaction, etc.) can be used, and the engine itself ( Other than the heater) no changes are required. At the same time, the Stirling engine does not require a compressor to boost pressure, and the general fan can be used to meet the requirements, and the fuel is allowed to have a high impurity content; the Stirling engine has a small unit capacity, and the unit capacity ranges from 20-50kw, and the system can be increased or decreased according to local conditions. Capacity; simple structure, 40% fewer parts than internal combustion engines, large room for price reduction; low maintenance costs.

When the Stirling engine is running, because the fuel burns continuously in the combustion chamber outside the cylinder, the working medium independent of the gas absorbs heat through the heater and acts externally according to the Stirling cycle, thus avoiding the knocking work and The intermittent combustion process enables high efficiency, low noise and low emission operation. High efficiency: the total energy efficiency reaches over 80%; low noise: the bare metal noise is below 68dBA at a distance of 1 meter; low emission: the exhaust emission meets the Euro 5 standard.

Since the working fluid does not burn, the external combustion engine avoids the knocking work problem of the traditional internal combustion engine, thereby achieving high efficiency, low noise, low pollution and low operating cost. The external combustion engine can burn various combustible gases, such as: natural gas, biogas, petroleum gas, hydrogen, coal gas, etc., can also burn liquid fuels such as diesel oil and liquefied petroleum gas, can also burn wood, and utilize solar energy. As long as the thermal cavity reaches 700°C, the equipment can work and run. The lower the ambient temperature, the higher the power generation efficiency. The biggest advantage of the external combustion engine is that the output and efficiency are not affected by the altitude, which is very suitable for use in high altitude areas.

At the same time, the main problems and shortcomings of the Stirling engine are: high manufacturing cost, difficult working fluid sealing technology, problems with the reliability and life of the seal, high material cost, complicated power adjustment and control system, and relatively Bulky; the cost of expansion chamber, compression chamber, heater, cooling chamber, regenerator, etc. is high, and the heat loss is 2-3 times that of an internal combustion engine, etc.

The organic Rankine cycle system includes pumps, evaporators, expanders, generators, condensers, etc. The heat collector absorbs solar radiation, the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the heat collector rises, and the heat exchange medium transfers heat to the organic working fluid through the evaporator. The organic working medium is heated at constant pressure in the evaporator, and the high-pressure gaseous organic working medium enters the expander to expand and do work, driving the generator to generate electricity; the organic working medium discharged from the tail of the expander enters the condenser for constant pressure condensation, and the organic working medium at the outlet of the condenser After being pressurized by the pump, the mass enters the evaporator to complete a power generation cycle.

The conversion efficiency of the organic Rankine cycle system is not high, the volume is large, and the expansion machine with a complex structure needs to be used to do work.

V-type engine, simply speaking, is to divide all cylinders into two groups, and arrange adjacent cylinders together at a certain angle (the angle γ between the centerlines of the left and right rows of cylinders < 180°), so that the two groups of cylinders form an angle. Plane, the cylinder is V-shaped (usually the included angle is 60°) when viewed from the side, so it is called V-shaped engine.

Compared with the in-line layout, the V-type engine shortens the length and height of the body, and the lower installation position can facilitate the designer to design a body with a lower drag coefficient. Vibration makes the engine run more smoothly. Since the cylinders have been staggered from each other, there is a large space between the cylinders, which facilitates the increase in displacement and power by enlarging the diameter of the cylinders. The cylinders of the V-type engine are arranged at an angle, which can offset part of the vibration. The disadvantage is: the disadvantage of the V-type engine is that two cylinder heads must be used, and the structure is more complicated. After its width increases in addition, the space on both sides of the engine is less, and it is difficult to arrange other devices.

Contents of the invention

The utility model overcomes the problems of high cost of the expansion chamber, compression chamber, heater, cooling chamber, regenerator, etc. in the external combustion engine, and the heat loss is 2-3 times that of the internal combustion engine; it overcomes the need for an organic Rankine cycle system. Expander or steam turbine, the technical problem of high manufacturing cost; overcomes the problems of relatively complex structure and high manufacturing cost of the V-type internal combustion engine. The V-type thermal energy power equipment proposed by the utility model adopts the existing V-type engine structure and combines the advantages of a Stirling engine, an organic Rankine cycle system and an internal combustion engine V-type engine. The gasification reactor is heated after the heat energy is absorbed by the heat collector, so that the high-temperature gasification of the working fluid expands and pushes the piston to generate kinetic energy to do work. the

The utility model provides a thermal power device with high thermal energy conversion efficiency, recyclable working fluid, adjustable output power by adjusting the quantity of working fluid within the maximum power range, adjustable output power by adjusting temperature, and stable machine output power.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is: a V-type thermal energy power equipment, including a heat collector, a heat preservation pipe, a gasification reactor, an atomizer, a cylinder, a piston, a piston ring, an automatic exhaust valve, a cooler, a storage Liquid tank, pressure valve, connecting rod, crankshaft, insulation layer, rotating shaft and casing; the cylinders on the casing are divided into two groups, and the adjacent cylinders are arranged together at a certain angle, and the angle between the centerlines of the left and right rows of cylinders γ< 180°, the two groups of cylinders form a plane with an included angle, and the arrangement of the cylinders is V-shaped from the side; the cylinders are respectively equipped with pistons, and the pistons are equipped with piston rings; the pistons are connected to the connecting rod, the connecting rod is connected to the crankshaft, and the crankshaft is connected to the rotating shaft , the rotating shaft is fixed on the casing through bearings; the heat collector is connected to the gasification reactor through the heat preservation pipe, and the gasification reactor is provided with an atomizer at the inlet end, and the atomizer is connected to the pressure valve through the pipeline, and the pressure valve is connected through the pipeline The liquid storage tank; the gasification reactor is set at the top dead center of the cylinder; the bottom dead center of the cylinder is equipped with an automatic exhaust valve, the automatic exhaust valve is connected to the cooler through the pipeline, and the cooler is connected to the liquid storage tank through the pipeline; the outer layer of the cylinder With insulation layer.

Further, the heat collector can absorb heat energy such as solar energy, geothermal heat, high-temperature gas generated by combustion of combustibles, exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, high-temperature gas discharged from factories, and the like.

Further, the gasification reactor includes a pressure shell, a gasification heat conduction sheet, an air hole, and an atomizer, the gasification heat conduction sheet is arranged on the pressure shell, an array of air holes is arranged on the gasification heat conduction sheet, and a mist is provided at the inlet end of the pressure shell. carburetor.

Further, the pressure valve is associated with the crankshaft, and the pressure valve is opened and closed once each cycle is completed.

The above-mentioned V-type thermal power equipment works as follows: the two groups of cylinders on the left and right form a V-shaped structure, the two outermost cylinders of the left cylinder and the middle cylinder on the right form a group to perform work at the same time; the two outermost cylinders of the right cylinder and the middle cylinder on the left A cylinder forms a group to perform work at the same time; the heat collector absorbs heat energy such as solar energy, geothermal heat, high-temperature gas generated by combustible combustion, internal combustion engine heat or exhaust gas, high-temperature gas discharged from factories, etc., and transfers heat directly or through pipelines to the gasification reactor. There is a flowing heat-conducting medium; the liquid working medium is injected into the atomizer through the pressure valve for atomization, and the gasification reactor gasifies and expands the atomized working medium; when the piston reaches the bottom dead center of the cylinder, the working gas passes through the automatic The exhaust valve is discharged, and the discharged gaseous working medium is cooled by the cooler. At this time, another set of pistons reaches the top dead center of the cylinder, and the pressure valve of this pair of cylinders is opened, and the liquid working medium is injected into the gasification reactor through the atomizer. Gasification expansion drives the piston to do work; the pressure valve opens and closes in turn, the pistons in the two groups of cylinders take turns to do work to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, and the rotating shaft drives the flywheel to output kinetic energy.

The advantages of the utility model are: 1) The V-shaped structure shortens the length and height of the machine body; 2) The cylinders have been staggered to each other, so there is a larger space, and the diameter of the cylinder can be enlarged to increase the displacement and power; 3) The work 4) The thermal energy conversion efficiency is 65%-98%; 5) The output power can be adjusted according to the required power to adjust the machine cylinder capacity and quantity; 6) The liquid injection can be adjusted to adjust the output power within the maximum power range ; 7) The whole process of gasification of working fluid does not produce detonation; 8) It can replace conventional energy consumption, with high economic benefits, energy saving and environmental protection, and low noise. the

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the utility model gasification reactor structural representation;

Fig. 3 is a V-shaped engine structural diagram;

In the figure: 1 is heat collector; 2 is heat preservation pipe; 3 is gasification reactor; 4 is atomizer; 5 is cylinder; 6 is piston; 7 is piston ring; 8 is automatic exhaust valve; 9 is cooling 10 is a liquid storage tank; 11 is a pressure valve; 12 is a connecting rod; 13 is a crankshaft; 14 is an insulation layer; 15 is a rotating shaft; 16 is a casing; 17 is a pressure shell; For stomata.

Detailed ways

With reference to accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present utility model is:

Example 1

A V-shaped thermal power device, including a heat collector 1, an insulation pipe 2, a gasification reactor 3, an atomizer 4, a cylinder 5, a piston 6, a piston ring 7, an automatic exhaust valve 8, a cooler 9, a storage tank Liquid tank 10, pressure valve 11, connecting rod 12, crankshaft 13, insulation layer 14, rotating shaft 15 and casing 16; Cylinders 5 on casing 16 are divided into two groups, and adjacent cylinders 5 are arranged together with a certain angle, left and right The included angle γ of the center lines of the two rows of cylinders 5 is less than 180°, the two groups of cylinders 5 form a plane with an included angle, and the cylinders 5 are arranged in a V shape from the side, and the usual included angle is 60°; the cylinders 5 are respectively equipped with pistons 6. The piston 6 is provided with a piston ring 7; the piston 6 is connected to the connecting rod 12, the connecting rod 12 is connected to the crankshaft 13, the crankshaft 13 is connected to the rotating shaft 15, and the rotating shaft 15 is fixed on the casing 16 through the bearing; The pipe 2 is connected to the gasification reactor 3, and the gasification reactor 3 inlet end is provided with an atomizer 4, and the atomizer 4 is connected to a pressure valve 11 through a pipeline, and the pressure valve 11 is connected to a liquid storage tank 10 through a pipeline; the gasification reactor 3. Set at the top dead center of the cylinder 5; the bottom dead center of the cylinder 5 is provided with an automatic exhaust valve 8, the automatic exhaust valve 8 is connected to the cooler 9 through the pipeline, and the cooler 9 is connected to the liquid storage tank 10 through the pipeline; outside the cylinder 5 Layer is provided with insulation layer 14.

Example 2

Like the V-type thermal energy power equipment in Example 1, the gasification reactor 3 includes a pressure shell 17, a gasification heat conduction sheet 18, an air hole 19, and an atomizer 4, and the gasification heat conduction sheet 18 is arranged on the pressure shell 17, Air holes 19 are arranged in an array on the vaporization heat conducting sheet 18 , and an atomizer 4 is arranged at the inlet end of the pressure shell 17 . The pressure valve 11 is associated with the crankshaft 13, and the pressure valve is opened and closed every time a cycle is completed; this embodiment takes the structure of 6 cylinders as an example, and the left and right cylinders form a V-shaped structure, with the two outermost cylinders on the left and the middle one on the right Cylinders do work simultaneously; the outermost two cylinders of the right cylinder and the middle cylinder on the left work simultaneously; the number of cylinders 5 of the V-type heat energy power equipment is generally 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16.

Claims (4)

1. a V-type thermal powerplant, comprises heat collector (1), thermal insulation pipe (2), gasification reactor (3), atomizer (4), cylinder (5), piston (6), piston ring (7), automatic control pressure vent (8), cooler (9), liquid container (10), pressure valve (11), connecting rod (12), bent axle (13), thermal insulation layer (14), rotatingshaft (15) and casing (16); It is characterized in that, casing (16) upper cylinder (5) is divided into two groups, adjacent cylinder (5) is arranged together with certain angle, 180 ° of the angle γ < of left and right two row cylinder (5) center lines, two groups of cylinders (5) shape plane in an angle, cylinder (5) is arranged and is in the shape of the letter V from the side; In cylinder (5), be respectively equipped with piston (6), piston (6) is provided with piston ring (7); Piston (6) connects connecting rod (12), and connecting rod (12) connects bent axle (13), bent axle (13) connection of rotating axle (15), and rotatingshaft (15) is fixed on casing (16) by bearing; Heat collector (1) connects gasification reactor (3) by thermal insulation pipe (2), and gasification reactor (3) inlet end is provided with atomizer (4), and atomizer (4) is by pipeline Bonding pressure valve (11), and pressure valve (11) connects liquid container (10) by pipeline; Gasification reactor (3) is arranged on the top dead center of cylinder (5); The lower dead center of cylinder (5) is provided with automatic control pressure vent (8), and automatic control pressure vent (8) connects cooler (9) by pipeline, and cooler (9) connects liquid container (10) by pipeline; Cylinder (5) skin is provided with thermal insulation layer (14).

2. V-type thermal powerplant as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described heat collector (1) can absorb the high-temperature gas that high-temperature gas, exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, factory that solar energy, underground heat, inflammable matter burning produces discharge.

3. V-type thermal powerplant as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described gasification reactor (3) comprises pressure vessel (17), gasification heat-conducting plate (18), pore (19), atomizer (4), gasification heat-conducting plate (18) is arranged on pressure vessel (17), the upper array of gasification heat-conducting plate (18) is provided with pore (19), and pressure vessel (17) inlet end is provided with atomizer (4).

4. V-type thermal powerplant as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the associated bent axle of described pressure valve (11) (13) often completes the open and close of a circulating pressure valve once.