CN203811507U - A large-scale multifunctional fracturing fluid experimental device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a large multifunctional fracturing fluid experiment device. A fracturing fluid enters a foam generator for being mixed through a medicine fluid and gas branch, and then enters three paths of straight lines with different diameters for measuring the influence of the pipe diameter on a friction of the fracturing fluid, or enters a coiler for measuring the friction, two ends of each of four groups of pipes are connected with differential pressure sensors, when the friction is measured, valves are arranged at two ends of each of the four groups of pipes, the pipes can be opened or closed through the groups of valves during experiment, and one path of pipe can be selectively opened, a suspension state of a support agent in the fracturing fluid can be observed through a multistage window, and then the fracturing fluid and the support agent enter a medicine liquid pump for being circulated so that the friction can be measured, or the fracturing fluid and the support agent enter an outlet separator when the experiment is ended. The large multifunctional fracturing fluid experiment device is used for measuring a gelled fracturing fluid, a hydraulic fracturing fluid and a carbon dioxide foam fracturing fluid, or researching a rheological behavior, a friction characteristic and a sand carrying performance of the fracturing fluid under different temperatures and pressures by using a carbon dioxide dry process; a suspension state of the support agent in the fracturing fluid is observed through the multistage window.

Description

A large-scale multifunctional fracturing fluid experimental device

technical field

The utility model relates to an experimental system in the field of petroleum and natural gas development, in particular to a large-scale multifunctional fracturing fluid experimental device. the

Background technique

Existing fracturing fluid evaluation instruments and equipment mainly include rheometers, friction meters and other equipment. Among them: the rheometer can be mainly used to measure the rheological properties of jelly fracturing fluid, mainly imported equipment is used to measure the jelly fracturing fluid in the rotor shear vessel. The friction meter can be used to measure the friction characteristics of gel fracturing fluid and clear water fracturing fluid. There are basically no instruments that can simultaneously measure the rheological and friction properties of fracturing fluids. the

In recent years, a new fracturing technology—carbon dioxide dry fracturing technology has gradually become popular, and more and more people have begun to study it. However, equipment to measure these properties of dry fracturing fluids is largely unavailable. the

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a large-scale multifunctional fracturing fluid experimental device, which can not only be used to measure the most commonly used gel fracturing fluid, clear water fracturing fluid, Carbon dioxide foam fracturing fluid can also be used to study the rheological properties, friction properties, and sand-carrying performance of carbon dioxide dry fracturing fluid at different temperatures and pressures. suspended state. the

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme that the utility model takes is:

A large-scale multi-functional fracturing fluid experimental device, including a solid propeller 1 with a funnel structure above it, the solid propeller 1 is connected to the inlet pipeline of the medicine tank 5 through the proppant metering device 2, and is sealed with it; The top of the tank 5 is connected with the liquid medicine agitator 3 through the filter 4, the medicine tank 5 is used to hold the prepared medicine liquid, it has the heating function of the medicine liquid, and a temperature measuring device 6 is arranged on its side wall, The bottom of the medicine tank 5 is provided with a liquid medicine metering device 7, and the output pipe of the medicine tank 5 passes through the first valve 8, the medicine liquid pump 9, the first one-way valve 10, the second valve 11, the first preheater 12 and the The liquid medicine inlet of foam generator 13 is connected, and foaming agent tank 14 is connected with foam generator 13 by foaming pump 15, the second one-way valve 16;

The first gas cylinder 17 and the second gas cylinder 18 are respectively connected to the inlet of the purifier 21 through the third valve 19, the fourth valve 20, and the outlet of the purifier 21 passes through the flow meter 22, the refrigeration unit 23, the fifth valve 25, The sixth valve 26, the air pump 29, the third one-way valve 32, the second preheater 34 are connected to the gas inlet of the foam generator 13; wherein, the gas storage tank 24 is inside the refrigeration unit 23; in addition, there is a thickener The tank 30 is connected to the third one-way valve 32 through a thickener pump 31; the fifth valve 25 is connected to the air inlet pipe of the gas storage tank 24 inside the refrigeration device 23, and a first valve is provided on the gas outlet pipe of the gas storage tank 24 Manometer 28 is provided with safety valve 33 between air pump 29 and the third check valve 32, and second manometer 35 is provided between second preheater 34 and foam generator 13;

Three sets of first straight pipes 37, second straight pipes 41, third straight pipes 45 and coiled pipes 49 with different diameters are connected in parallel, and the input end after parallel connection is connected with the outlet of the foam generator 13, and the output end passes through the sixteenth valve 53 It is connected to the inlet of the multi-stage window 56, and the parallel output port is also connected to the inlet of the vertical heat exchange test port 58 through the seventeenth valve 54, and the multi-stage window 56 is connected to the vertical heat exchange test port 58 through the eighteenth valve 57 , the vertical heat exchange test end 58 is externally connected to the low-temperature bath 59; the vertical heat exchange test end 58 and the nineteenth valve 61 are connected with a pressure sensor 60;

in:

A first differential pressure sensor 38 is connected between the input and output ends of the first straight pipe 37, the eighth valve 36 is connected to the input end, and the ninth valve 39 is also connected to the output end;

A second differential pressure sensor 42 is connected between the input and output ends of the second straight pipe 41, the tenth valve 40 is also connected to the input end, and the eleventh valve 43 is also connected to the output end;

A third differential pressure sensor 46 is connected between the input and output ends of the third straight pipe 45, the input end is also connected with the twelfth valve 44, and the output end is also connected with the thirteenth valve 47;

The input end of the coil pipe 49 is also connected to the fourteenth valve 48, the output end is also connected to the fifteenth valve 50, and the fourth differential pressure sensor 51 is connected between the input end of the fourteenth valve 48 and the output end of the coil pipe 49;

A first pressure sensor 52 is connected to the connection between the output end of the foam generator 13 and the input end after the straight pipes are connected in parallel. the

The proppant metering device 2 adopts a ground pump or other large scale instruments with a communication interface to realize networking with a computer. the

The lower end of the medicine canister 5 can also be designed with a venting valve, which is convenient for emptying and cleaning, and can be equipped with a heating device as required to control the temperature in the medicine tank. the

The temperature measuring device 6 adopts a temperature sensor to transmit data to a computer. the

The liquid medicine metering device 7 adopts a ground pump or other large scale instruments with a communication interface to realize networking with a computer. the

The pharmaceutical pump 9 described above adopts a screw pump with a frequency conversion adjustment system, which can steplessly adjust the flow rate of the pump and transport the liquid medicine with proppant, but it is difficult for the screw pump to achieve high pressure. In order to achieve high pressure, it is recommended to generally use a plunger pump . the

The first preheater 12 and the second preheater 34 adopt a spiral coil heat exchange method, and use a constant temperature water bath for heating and temperature control. the

The air pump 29 adopts a frequency-regulated pump, and the maximum working pressure is as high as possible, preferably above 50 MPa, so that the formation pressure conditions during fracturing construction can be simulated. the

The outlet separator 64 adopts a closed container. the

The advantage of this utility model:

(1) The liquid medicine is designed with a timely metering device, which can detect the injected amount of the liquid medicine online through the liquid medicine metering device. the

(2) The device is designed with a sand metering device, which can detect the amount of sand added online, control the sand ratio, and also choose whether to add proppant according to the needs of the experiment. the

(3) The medicine tank 5 is designed with a stirring system, which can stir various medicine liquids and proppants to prevent them from settling. the

(4) The device is designed with a gas injection metering device. The type and quantity of injected gas can be selected according to the needs, and the gas injection amount can be measured by the metal tube rotor metering device, and online metering can be realized. the

(5) The solid propeller can control the speed of sand propulsion to control the amount of sand added. the

(6) The device is designed with a variety of straight pipe diameters and a set of spiral coils, which can be used to measure the frictional resistance of the fracturing fluid under different pipe diameters, pipe shapes, temperatures, pressures, and shear rates. One of these four pipelines can be flexibly selected and used according to needs through the nearest valve switches at the two ends of the first straight pipe 37 , the second straight pipe 41 , the third straight pipe 45 , and the coiled pipe 49 . the

(7) This device is designed with multi-level windows 56, which can observe and measure the movement of the proppant on-line, and the sedimentation velocity of the sand in the pipe string (the height interval measurement is designed in the pipe string) under static pressure. the

(9) the medicine tank 5 that this device design has heating device has the first preheater 12, the second preheater 34, vertical heat exchange test tube, is convenient to change the temperature of fracturing fluid in the tube, researches its properties at different temperatures. the

(10) This device can be applied to measure the rheological properties of various fracturing fluid systems such as conventional gel fracturing fluid, clear water fracturing fluid, carbon dioxide foam fracturing fluid, carbon dioxide dry fracturing fluid, etc. at different temperatures and pressures , friction characteristics, and sand-carrying performance, and the suspension state of proppant in fracturing fluid can also be observed through multi-level windows. Among them: when measuring the relevant characteristics of conventional jelly fracturing fluid and clear water fracturing fluid, the gas pump can be pumped into part of the branch and closed; it is only necessary to open when measuring the relevant characteristics of carbon dioxide foam fracturing fluid and carbon dioxide dry fracturing fluid. the

(11) If only measuring the relative friction characteristics of various fracturing fluids, no proppant can be added, and the sixteenth valve 53 and the eighteenth valve 57 can also be closed; only when it is necessary to observe the suspended sand properties of the fracturing fluid, Only the sixteenth valve 53 and the eighteenth valve 57 where the multi-stage window 56 is located are opened. the

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing is the structural representation of the utility model. the

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in detail. the

Referring to the accompanying drawings, a large-scale multifunctional fracturing fluid experimental device includes a solid propeller 1, the structure of which is a funnel above the solid propeller 1 can hold proppant, and the solid propeller 1 is used for propelling the proppant, and the solid propeller 1 is connected to the inlet pipeline of the medicine tank 5 through the proppant metering device 2 and sealed with it, and the proppant propulsion speed is measured, adjusted and collected by the proppant metering device 2; the proppant metering device 2 adopts a ground pump or other similar large The instrument of the balance can be used, with a communication interface to realize networking with the computer; the top of the medicine tank 5 is connected with the liquid medicine stirrer 3 through the filter 4, and the medicine liquid stirrer 3 can stir the proppant in the pharmaceutical industry to prevent precipitation, filter The device 4 can filter large impurities in the liquid medicine; the medicine tank 5 is used to hold the prepared medicine liquid, and the lower end of the medicine tank 5 is also designed with a vent valve, which is convenient for emptying and cleaning, and can be equipped with a heating device as required to control the liquid medicine in the medicine tank Temperature; the side wall of the medicine tank 5 is provided with a temperature metering device 6, which can measure the temperature of the liquid medicine in the medicine tank 5, and adopts a temperature sensor to transmit data to a computer; the bottom of the medicine tank 5 is provided with a medicine liquid metering device 7, The medicinal liquid metering device 7 can adopt a ground pump or a large balance instrument, with a communication interface, which can realize networking with a computer; the output pipe of the medicinal tank 5 passes through the first valve 8, the medicinal liquid pump 9, and the first one-way valve successively. The valve 10, the second valve 11, the first preheater 12 and the liquid medicine inlet of the foam generator 13 are connected, and the pharmaceutical pump 9 can be a screw pump with a frequency conversion adjustment system, which can steplessly adjust the flow of the pump and can transport The chemical solution of the proppant, the first preheater 12, is used for preheating before the injection of the chemical solution, controls the temperature, adopts the spiral coil heat exchange method, and uses a constant temperature oil bath to heat and control the temperature; other Feasible way; foam generator 13, its function: when testing CO ₂ foam fracturing fluid, it is used to form foam and control the injection of foam at a constant flow rate. In addition, another thickener tank 30 is connected to the gas inlet of the thickener pump 31 , the third one-way valve 32 , the second preheater 34 and the foam generator 13 .

The second gas cylinder 17 and the first gas cylinder 18 are respectively connected to the inlet of the purifier 21 through the third valve 19, the fourth valve 20, and the outlet of the purifier 21 passes through the flow meter 22, the refrigeration unit 23, the air pump 29, the third The gas inlet of check valve 32, second preheater 34 and foam generator 13 is connected, and wherein, gas storage tank 24 is in the inside of refrigeration unit 23; In addition there is thickener tank 30 through thickener pump 31 and the first Three one-way valves 32 are connected; the fifth valve 25 is connected on the inlet pipe of the gas storage tank 24 inside the refrigeration unit 23, and the first pressure gauge 28 is arranged on the gas outlet pipe of the gas storage tank 24, and the air pump 29, the third A safety valve 33 is provided between the check valves 32 , and a second pressure gauge 35 is provided between the second preheater 34 and the foam generator 13 . the

The first gas cylinder 17 and the second gas cylinder 18 preset the interface in advance, and can change the number of connected cylinders and the type of gas as required, and generally use more carbon dioxide (may use nitrogen sometimes); The gas contains oily substances, etc., which must be filtered by the purifier 21 to remove impurities; the flow meter 21, which can be selected according to the needs, adopts a metal tube rotameter, and can be selected with a secondary instrument, which can display the instantaneous flow rate and the cumulative flow rate. The flow rate is mainly used to measure the flow rate; the function of the refrigeration device 23 is to change the temperature of the gas (as long as it is CO ₂ ) coming out of the cylinder, so that it changes from a gaseous state to a liquid state. It is mainly composed of a fully enclosed refrigeration compressor equipped with a spiral The cold box of the coil is composed of a temperature controller and pipe valves. The cold box is equipped with an automatic control system for refrigeration temperature, and the required temperature for refrigeration can be set according to the needs. The cold box is divided into inner tank, insulation layer, coil and stainless steel. The decorative layer adopts an easy-to-open and easy-to-disassemble structure, which is convenient for disassembly and cleaning. The gas storage tank 24 is used for storage and buffering, and is inside the refrigeration device 20 to maintain a low temperature and keep the gas (mainly referring to CO ₂ ) in a liquid state, meeting the requirements of The experiment needs; the air pump 29 adopts a frequency-regulated pump, the parameters are optional, and the maximum working pressure can be as high as possible, preferably above 50MPa. It is mainly used for the transmission of fluid CO ₂ , and the parameters of the pump 29 can also be modified as required.

Three sets of first straight pipes 37, second straight pipes 41, third straight pipes 45 and coiled pipes 49 with different diameters are connected in parallel, the input end after parallel connection is connected with the outlet of foam generator 13, and the output end passes through the sixteenth valve 53 is connected to the inlet of the multi-stage window 56, and the output end after parallel connection is also connected to the inlet of the vertical heat exchange test port 58 through the seventeenth valve 54, and the multi-stage window 56 is connected to the eighteenth valve 57 and the vertical heat exchange test port 58 Connection, the vertical heat exchange test end 58 is externally connected to the low temperature bath 59; the vertical heat exchange test end 58 and the nineteenth valve 61 are connected with a pressure sensor 60;

in:

A first differential pressure sensor 38 is connected between the input and output ends of the first straight pipe 37, the eighth valve 36 is connected to the input end, and the ninth valve 39 is also connected to the output end;

A second differential pressure sensor 42 is connected between the input and output ends of the second straight pipe 41, the tenth valve 40 is also connected to the input end, and the eleventh valve 43 is also connected to the output end;

A third differential pressure sensor 46 is connected between the input and output ends of the third straight pipe 45, the input end is also connected with the twelfth valve 44, and the output end is also connected with the thirteenth valve 47;

The input end of the coil pipe 49 is also connected to the fourteenth valve 48, the output end is also connected to the fifteenth valve 50, and the fourth differential pressure sensor 51 is connected between the input end of the fourteenth valve 48 and the output end of the coil pipe 49;

A first pressure sensor 52 is connected to the connection between the output end of the foam generator 13 and the input end after the straight pipes are connected in parallel. the

The above parts can be selected to open the relevant valves and pumps according to the needs and the type of fracturing fluid to adjust the type and amount of gas, fracturing fluid, proppant thickener, and foaming agent passing through the foam generator 13. How many. the

The straight pipe 58 with a vertical heat transfer test end is used to measure the inlet and outlet temperature values of the straight pipe, compare the temperature changes of the inlet and outlet, and measure the temperature change of the inlet and outlet of the refrigerant liquid entering the cooling jacket at the same time, and obtain it through a certain formula The rheological characteristics of the fracturing fluid, the quantity is 4 sets; , pressure, sand ratio, and particle size in the pipe flow experiment can realize the judgment of the critical sedimentation velocity and critical deposition velocity of the sand-carrying fracturing fluid in the dynamic flow process, as well as the flow state of the proppant in the pipe flow. A window is designed at a certain position of the vertical pipe string, and photoelectric detection is used to measure the position interval. At the same time, the proppant is introduced into the tracer for measurement, so that the moving position of the proppant is clear and convenient for measurement. An image camera system can be installed next to the multi-level window 56, for example: A digital camera is used to collect images; the outlet separator 64 adopts a closed container, which is mainly used for the separation of substances in the pipeline at the end of the experiment, usually the gas is in the upper part, and the liquid and solid are in the lower part. the

In addition, this equipment also has data acquisition and processing functions to realize computer operation: the data acquisition system includes pressure, temperature, flow, mass (weighbridge), image, displacement, etc. In order to ensure measurement accuracy and control reliability, imported MOX, C168H Digital acquisition control card to realize digital acquisition and transmission. the

The data collected by the computer can be processed to generate original data reports, analysis reports and graphs, and at the same time generate a database file format for flexible use by users. the

The working principle of the utility model is:

The solid propeller 1 adds proppant to the medicine tank 5, the proppant metering device 2 can weigh the amount of proppant added, and the medicine liquid agitator 3 prevents the proppant from settling. In addition, it is also equipped with a heating device to control the temperature. The liquid medicine pump 9 is injected together with the proppant into the pipeline for flow measurement. the

The first gas cylinder 17 and the second gas cylinder 18 are controlled by the third valve 19 and the fourth valve 20, the quantity can be connected flexibly, and the type of gas can be selected according to the needs, generally CO ₂ (sometimes N ₂ may be used) gas Flow through the purifier 21, flow meter 22, refrigeration device 23 in sequence, enter the gas storage tank 24, and then pass the air pump 29 to drive the gas through the third one-way valve 32 into the foam generator 13 and mix with the liquid medicine into the pipeline, and then enter The first straight pipe 37, the second straight pipe 41, and the third straight pipe 45 of different pipe diameters are used to measure the influence of the diameter of the pipe on the friction of the fracturing fluid, or enter the coiled pipe 49 to measure the friction. These four groups Both ends of the pipe are connected with differential pressure sensors. When measuring friction, it is used to measure the pressure difference at both ends of straight pipes or coiled pipes. Valves are installed at both ends of these 4 sets of pipes. During the experiment, these sets of valves can be passed The switch can be selectively opened one way, the vertical heat exchange test end 58 and the low temperature bath 59 play the role of adjusting the temperature of the pipeline liquid, the multi-level window 56 can observe the suspension state of the proppant in the fracturing fluid, and then enter the chemical liquid pump 9 is cycled to measure friction, or to exit separator 64 at the end of the experiment.

The rheological properties of various fracturing fluids at different temperatures are mainly measured through the principle of thin tube viscometers. The frictional properties are mainly measured by selecting several groups of different pipeline pressure differences. The study of sand-carrying performance can also be done. The suspension state of the proppant in the fracturing fluid is observed through multi-level window observation. the

Claims (1)

1. a large-sized multifunction fracturing liquid experimental provision, comprise Solid propeller (1), it is characterized in that: above it, be the structure of funnel, Solid propeller (1) is engaged in the inlet ductwork of medicinal cupping (5) by propping agent measuring apparatus (2), and sealing with it; the top of medicinal cupping (5) is connected with medicinal liquid agitating device (3) by filtrator (4), medicinal cupping (5) is used for holding the liquid preparing, it is with giving liquid heating function, sidewall at it is provided with temperature measurement device (6), the bottom of medicinal cupping (5) is provided with liquid medicine measuring device (7), the efferent duct of medicinal cupping (5) is successively by the first valve (8), spray pump (9), the first retaining valve (10), second valve 11, the first primary heater (12) is connected with the liquid entrance of frother (13), frothing agent tank (14) is by foaming pump (15), the second retaining valve (16) is connected with frother (13),

The first gas cylinder (17), the second gas cylinder (18) are connected with the entrance of clarifier (21) by the 3rd valve (19), the 4th valve (20) respectively, and the outlet of clarifier (21) is connected with the gas access of frother (13) by flowmeter (22), refrigerating plant (23), the 5th valve (25), the 6th valve (26), air pump (29), the 3rd retaining valve (32), the second primary heater (34) successively; Wherein, gas reservoir (24) is in the inside of refrigerating plant (23); In addition separately there is viscosifying agent tank (30) to be connected with the 3rd retaining valve (32) by viscosifying agent pump (31); The 5th valve (25) is connected in the draft tube of the inner gas reservoir (24) of refrigerating plant (23), on the escape pipe of gas reservoir (24), be provided with the first pressure gauge (28), between air pump (29), the 3rd retaining valve (32), be provided with safety valve (33), between the second primary heater (34) and frother (13), be provided with the second pressure gauge (35);

Three groups of the first straight tube (37), the second straight tube (41), the 3rd straight tube (45) and coil pipe (49) parallel connections that diameter is different, input end after parallel connection is connected with the outlet of frother (13), output terminal is connected with the entrance of multistage form (56) by the 16 valve (53), output terminal after parallel connection is also connected with the entrance of vertical heat exchange test lead (58) by the 17 valve (54), multistage form (56) is connected with vertical heat exchange test lead (58) by the 18 valve (57), the outer low temperature bath (59) that connects of vertical heat exchange test lead (58); Between vertical heat exchange test lead (58) and the 19 valve (61), be connected with pressure transducer (60);

Wherein:

Between the first straight tube (37) input, output terminal, be connected with the first differential pressure pick-up (38), input end is also connected with the 8th valve (36), and output terminal is also connected with the 9th valve (39);

Between the second straight tube (41) input, output terminal, be connected with the second differential pressure pick-up (42), input end is also connected with the tenth valve (40), and output terminal is also connected with the 11 valve (43);

Between the 3rd straight tube (45) input, output terminal, be connected with the 3rd differential pressure pick-up (46), input end is also connected with the 12 valve (44), and output terminal is also connected with the 13 valve (47);

Coil pipe (49) input end is also connected with the 14 valve (48), and output terminal is also connected with the 15 valve (50), between the 14 valve (48) input end and coil pipe (49) output terminal, is connected with the 4th differential pressure pick-up (51);

Between input end after frother (13) output terminal and straight tube parallel connection, junction is connected with the first pressure transducer (52).