CN203756116U - Vibration cementing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vibration cementing device, which relates to the field of cementing. The vibration cementing device mainly comprises an electric cable 2, a transformer 11 and an oscillator 5, wherein the two ends of the electric cable 2 are respectively connected with the output end of the transformer 11 and the oscillator 5; the oscillator 5 is provided with a pressure-resistant cavity 17 which is of a closed structure; a motor 13 and eccentric blocks 16 are arranged in the pressure-resistant cavity 17; one or more than two eccentric blocks 16 are arranged in the axial direction. According to the vibration cementing device, the annulus cement grout in the range of a full sleeve section is vibrated in the ways of transferring vibration waves and knocking a sleeve in a process of waiting on cement without influencing the conventional cementing process, the rheological properties of the grout are improved, and the cementing quality is improved.

Description

A vibration cementing device

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling and cementing, in particular to a vibration cementing device.

Background technique

During the cementing process of oil and gas wells, affected by factors such as cement shrinkage, cement cracks and partial pores during the hydration process, and cement slurry column weight loss during the waiting period, the quality of the cementing is prone to unqualified wells, which will cause formation fluid to cross grooves in the later stage. affect oil and gas production. During the different stages of casing running, cement injection, cement replacement and cement slurry waiting, mechanical vibration, hydraulic pulse, hydraulic shock and other means can be used to generate vibration waves to act on the casing, drilling fluid and cement slurry to improve the cementing quality.

The advantages and disadvantages of various vibration cementing devices are as follows due to the differences in application timing, vibration mode and vibration source location: (1) Bottomhole hydraulic pulse vibrator, installed in the middle or bottom of the casing string, and run into the well with the casing , When the cement slurry flows through the vibrator, hydraulic pulse vibration is generated. This device only releases the vibration during the displacement process of the cement slurry, but it is powerless to the step of setting. (2) The wellhead vibrator is installed on the top of the casing and emits mechanical vibrations. Since it is placed at the wellhead, the downhole vibration effect is greatly attenuated by the transmission distance. (3) The wellhead hydraulic or air pulse vibration cementing device transmits the hydraulic or air pulse generated on the ground to the cement slurry in the annular space, but the ground pulse generating device and control system are huge and complex, and require a lot of power.

The Chinese patent with the application number CN201110035683.0 discloses a traveling vibration cementing method. The mechanical resonator using this method has a metal sealed cavity, a power supply, a motor and a program-controlled processor inside, and a rubber plug sleeve outside. When replacing the cement slurry, it vibrates while going down in the casing, and when it goes down to the bottom of the well and stops the pressure of the floating hoop, it continues to vibrate until the cement slurry is initially set before stopping the vibration. The device finally stays at the bottom of the casing, which cannot be recycled, and the investment is high; the vibration influence range is limited after the bottom bumping floating hoop stops; the vibration time cannot be adjusted after entering the well, and it is difficult to judge the working state of the motor; the metal structure of the mechanical resonator is sealed The cavity will affect the continued drilling.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to propose a vibration cementing device in order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art. The device can vibrate the cement slurry in the annular space by transmitting vibration waves and knocking the casing during the cement waiting process without affecting the conventional cementing process, so as to improve the rheological properties of the cement slurry and increase the quality of the cement. Cementing quality.

The utility model is realized through the following technical solutions:

A vibration cementing device, mainly composed of a cable 2, a transformer 11 and an oscillator 5; wherein the two ends of the cable 2 are respectively connected to the output end of the transformer 11 and the oscillator 5; the oscillator 5 has a pressure-resistant cavity 17 of a closed structure, The inside of the pressure chamber 17 includes a motor 13 and an eccentric block 16, and there are one or more eccentric blocks 16 arranged axially.

The above-mentioned vibration cementing device also includes: the output end of the transformer 11 is connected to the frequency converter 10, the cable 2 is connected to the oscillator 5 through the output end of the frequency converter 10, and the motor 13 is a variable frequency motor.

A rubber block 7 or a centralizing block is installed on the outer surface of the pressure-resistant chamber 17 of the oscillator. Any part of the outer surface of the pressure chamber 17 or a combination of two or more parts distributed at intervals, the outer diameter of the rubber block is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cementing casing.

The motor 13 is coaxially connected with the eccentric block 16, and a bearing 15 is provided on the connecting shaft.

The device further includes a horse tap 4 , a winch 8 and a pulley 1 ; wherein the oscillator 5 is connected to the cable 2 through the horse tap 4 , and the cable 2 passes through the pulley and is wound on the winch 8 .

Compared with the casing resonator and vibrating rubber plug used in the prior art to replace the cement slurry, the device and method of the utility model have the following advantages:

(1) It can vibrate at any depth within the range of the casing in the whole well section, and can hover, vibrate while walking, and vibrate reciprocatingly;

(2) Vibration is carried out during the curing stage after the grout is replaced, and the vibration duration can be adjusted flexibly;

(3) After the vibration is completed, all the devices can be recycled, and the operating cost is small, which can be widely used in the field of cement slurry cementing;

(4) Through the observation of the output voltage and current of the ground transformer, the operating status of the motor can be intuitively monitored;

(5) It does not affect the conventional cementing process, and does not affect the continuous drilling in the casing after the vibration cementing is completed;

(6) The AC power connection at the well site is simple, the vibration cementing energy loss is small, and the energy consumption is low.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the specific application of the vibration cementing device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural sectional view of an embodiment of the device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a structural sectional view of another embodiment of the device of the present invention.

Marked in the figure:

1. Pulley, 2. Cable, 3. Casing, 4. Maluctor, 5. Oscillator, 6. Cement slurry, 7. Rubber block, 8. Winch, 9. Power line, 10. Frequency converter, 11. Transformer , 12, power supply, 13, motor, 14, rotor, 15, bearing, 16, eccentric block, 17, pressure chamber, 18, large hook.

Detailed ways

The utility model will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

Referring to accompanying drawings 1 and 2 of the description, in the vibration cementing device of the present utility model, a logging vehicle is used on the ground to load cables 2, a winch 8, a frequency converter 10 and a transformer 11, and the logging vehicle is equipped with a winch slip ring for transmitting alternating current . The cable 2 is a seven-core steel cable for well logging, and is wound on the well logging vehicle-mounted winch 8. One end of the cable is connected to the well logging horse head 4, and the other end is connected to the output end of the frequency converter 10 through the slip ring of the well logging winch. The input end of the frequency converter 10 is connected to the output end of the transformer 11, and the input end of the transformer 11 is connected to the 380V three-phase AC power supply at the well site.

The upper end of the oscillator 5 is connected with the tap 4, and the alternating current is transmitted through the pin of the tap. The pressure-resistant cavity 17 of the oscillator 5 is made of steel pipe, which is resistant to external pressure of 70MPa, and is equipped with an AC frequency conversion motor 13 and an eccentric block 16 inside. The eccentric block 16 is single and installed in the pressure-resistant cavity 17 through the bearing 15. The rotor 14 of the motor 13 and the eccentric block 16 are coaxially installed and transmit torque, and are connected by welding or splines.

The eccentric mass 16 is installed on the bottom of the oscillator 5, so that the lower end of the oscillator 5 has the largest vibration and the strongest vibration. The section of the eccentric block 16 is fan-shaped and eccentric, and adopts a steel structure. In the test, the metal-to-metal collision between the shell at the lower end of the oscillator 5 and the bushing will cause the oscillator 5 to swing violently and irregularly, which will greatly reduce the vibration frequency and the speed of the eccentric block 16, and the rotor 14 will hold back, causing the motor 13 to sway. The current rises sharply. In order to avoid burning the motor, 3 to 8 rubber blocks 7 are evenly inlaid on the outer surface of the bottom end of the pressure chamber 17, and the outer diameter of the pressure chamber 17 after the rubber blocks 7 are inlaid is smaller than the inner diameter of the casing.

With reference to accompanying drawing 1 of specification sheet, the vibration cementing method of the present utility model adopts following technological steps:

First, determine the initial setting time of the cement slurry in advance, and calculate the natural frequency of the casing according to the well structure, casing size and length, adjust the output frequency setting value of the frequency converter 10, and make it equal to or within the parameter range of the frequency converter 10 Values close to the natural frequency of the bushing; the bushing size is slightly larger than the oscillator outer diameter.

Then, connect the transformer 11 to the well site electricity, and fix the pulley 1 on the big hook 18 above the wellhead, pass the cable 2 and the horse head 4 through the pulley 1, and connect the shaker 5 to the horse head 4, and wait for cementing injection. After cement replacement and bumping are completed, the cement head is removed, and the vibrator 5 is quickly lowered into the casing.

Next, when reaching the well depth where the cementing quality needs to be improved, the transformer 11 and the frequency converter 10 are started. The transformer 11 boosts the voltage to 480V, the cable 2 and the motor 13 are connected in series, the motor 13 runs at 1.0A, the cable 2 has a total length of 6 kilometers, the total resistance is 100Ω, and the voltage drop is 100V, and the voltage at the motor 2 terminal is 380V. The oscillator 5 vibrates at the initial set frequency, causing the casing to resonate, and releases vibration waves to the surroundings while vibrating the casing wall, and the vibration waves are transmitted to the cement slurry in the annular space that is in a waiting state.

The vibration mode of the oscillator 5 is to hover for two minutes and then move up or down for two meters and then hover, or to repeatedly move up and down at a speed of 1 to 3 meters per minute while vibrating, and the time for the oscillator to stay in one place to vibrate Less than 6 minutes, to avoid the water precipitation of the cement slurry to produce a water layer.

Finally, the vibration is performed until the initial setting time of the cement slurry in the interval being vibrated is approached or reached, the vibration is ended, the vibrator 5 is pulled out of the casing, and the whole vibration cementing process ends.

Compared with the casing resonator or vibrating rubber plug used when replacing the cement slurry, the vibration cementing method of the utility model is only implemented within 3 to 5 hours after the cement head is removed and the cement slurry is solidified, and does not affect Conventional cementing process, and the recovery of the vibrator after the end of vibration cementing does not affect the continued drilling in the casing. After the vibration is completed, all the devices can be recycled, and the operating cost is low; through the observation of the output voltage and current of the ground transformer, the operating status of the motor can be intuitively monitored. The whole set of vibration cementing device is simple and easy to operate, the well site AC power is easy to obtain, the energy loss of vibration cementing is small, and the energy consumption is low. It can vibrate at any depth within the range of the casing in the entire well section, and can hover, vibrate while walking, and vibrate reciprocatingly; vibrate in the waiting stage after the cement slurry is replaced, and the vibration time can be flexibly adjusted. The frequency converter is used to adjust the vibration frequency of the downhole oscillator to emit vibration waves with the same natural frequency as the casing to achieve casing resonance and improve vibration efficiency.

Example 2

Referring to accompanying drawing 3, compared with embodiment 1, the eccentric mass 16 of vibrating well cementing device is changed into two axially connected in series, and each is fixed in the pressure-resistant cavity 17 by a pair of bearings; There are also 3 to 8 rubber blocks 7 inlaid in the circumferential direction, preferably 4, which can not only ensure that the low end of the oscillator 5 will not directly collide with metal when vibrating, but also maintain a large enough flow between the rubber blocks. It is beneficial to increase the lifting speed in the casing.

The length and quantity of the eccentric mass 16 can also be increased to increase the vibration force. The number of eccentric blocks 16 is changed from one to two in series, and the number of bearings is multiplied. Compared with a single eccentric load with the same total length, the load of a single bearing can be reduced and the life of the bearing can be improved.

Example 3

Compared with Embodiment 1, the cable 2 is directly fixedly connected to the oscillator 5 , the cable 2 is a steel cable with a load-bearing steel wire on the outside, and the steel wire is fixed on the top of the pressure chamber 17 by welding or riveting. The wires in the cable 2 are connected to the motor 13, and the motor 13 is fixed in the pressure chamber 17 with an interference fit. The large hook 18 on the derrick at the wellhead lifts the pulley 1 as the sky pulley, and cooperates with the ground pulley in the well logging engineering to better ensure the stability of the cable 2.

The other end of the cable 2 is directly connected to the output end of the transformer 11 through the winch slip ring. The total length of the cable 2 is 6 kilometers and the total resistance is 150Ω. The input end of the transformer 11 is connected to the power frequency 380V three-phase AC power supply at the well site, and the rated operating voltage of the motor is 380V.

Claims (5)

1. A vibration cementing device, characterized in that it is mainly composed of a cable (2), a transformer (11) and an oscillator (5); wherein the two ends of the cable (2) are respectively connected to the output end of the transformer (11) and the oscillator (5); the oscillator (5) has a pressure-resistant cavity (17) with a closed structure, and the pressure-resistant cavity (17) includes a motor (13) and an eccentric mass (16), and the eccentric mass (16) is one or two more than one and arranged axially. 2. The vibration cementing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the output end of the transformer (11) is connected to the frequency converter (10), and the cable (2) is connected to the oscillator (5) through the output end of the frequency converter (10). ), while the motor (13) adopts a variable frequency speed regulating motor. 3. The vibration cementing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: a rubber block (7) or a righting block is installed on the outer surface of the pressure-resistant chamber (17) of the oscillator, and the shape of the rubber block includes a ring structure, block structure or ring-block combined structure, the distribution of the rubber block includes any part inlaid on the outer surface of the pressure chamber (17) or a combination of two or more parts distributed at intervals, and the outer diameter of the rubber block is approximately smaller than the inner diameter of the cementing casing. 4. The vibration cementing device according to claim 3, characterized in that the motor (13) is coaxially connected with the eccentric mass (16), and a bearing (15) is provided on the connecting shaft. 5. The vibratory cementing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: it also includes a horse head (4), a drawworks (8) and a pulley (1); wherein the oscillator (5) passes through the horse head (4) and the cable (2) Connected, the cable (2) passes through the pulley and winds on the winch (8).