CN203737216U - Uplink gas-liquid distributor applicable to gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

An upward gas-liquid distributor for a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactor belongs to the field of petrochemical equipment. The novel gas-liquid distributor is composed of a rain cap, a connecting body, a distribution plate, a gas-liquid rising pipe, an air inlet hole and a baffle plate. The upper end of the gas-liquid rising pipe is in fluid communication with the distribution plate through the connecting body; a drainage channel is formed between the connecting body and the rain cap; a baffle plate is provided at the lower end of the gas-liquid rising pipe; There are several air intake holes. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of high uniformity of gas-liquid distribution, effectively ensuring the breaking of large bubbles, large operating flexibility, and convenient processing and manufacturing, and can be widely used in petrochemical, environmental protection and other fields.

Description

An upward gas-liquid distributor for a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactor

technical field

The utility model relates to an upward gas-liquid distributor for a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactor, which is used for fluid distribution equipment before the upward gas-liquid two-phase enters the catalyst bed, and belongs to the field of petrochemical equipment.

Background technique

At present, gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactors have been widely used in the petrochemical industry. Traditional fixed-bed reactors and trickle-bed reactors mostly use gas-liquid mixture materials to be distributed to the cross-section of the reactor from top to bottom. At present, the gas-liquid-solid three-phase ebullating bed reactor and micro-expanded bed reactor have also been widely used in the field of petrochemical industry, especially in the field of hydrogenation of residual oil with high viscosity and many impurities. The characteristics of this type of reactor are: the gas-liquid mixture is distributed to the cross-section of the reactor from bottom to top, and in the reactor, the liquid phase is the continuous phase, the gas-solid is the dispersed phase, and the gas-liquid-solid three-phase coexistence reaction is formed. The bed layer is in a state of boiling or slightly expanding.

For an upward gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactor, the effective mixing of gas-liquid-solid three-phase in the reactor, mass transfer efficiency and operating flexibility are important factors affecting the reaction efficiency, and the gas-liquid distributor with excellent performance is the best way to improve this The key component of the hydrodynamic performance of the reactor.

U.S. Patent No. 6,554,994B1 introduces a micro-expanded bed reaction process for residual oil hydrotreating. In this process, an upward gas-liquid distributor is introduced. Composition of gas-liquid riser. The distributor has the disadvantages of large air bubbles and low mass transfer efficiency. Chinese patent CN202621143U introduces an upward gas-liquid distributor, including a distribution pipe and a distribution plate, and a plurality of distribution pipes are vertically installed on the distribution plate. The bubbles generated by this distributor are large, and catalyst support grids or orifice plates need to be installed to prevent catalyst backflow.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a device that can use An upward gas-liquid distributor for a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactor.

In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: an upward gas-liquid distributor for a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactor, mainly including a baffle plate (8), a gas-liquid rising pipe (7) , air inlet (6), connector (4), distribution plate (5) and rain cap (1); the gas-liquid riser (7) is a vertical cylinder, and the lower end is fixedly connected with the baffle (8) , but there is a gap between the baffle (8) and the gas-liquid riser (7); the upper end of the gas-liquid riser (7) is fixedly connected to the connecting body (4), and the connecting body (4) has a waiting port inside Ring structure, the lower end of the inner surface of the connecting body (4) is provided with a groove matching the gas-liquid rising pipe (7), and the gas-liquid rising pipe (7) is located in the groove; the connecting body (4) rises from the gas-liquid The diameter of the inner cavity of the tube (7) gradually decreases upward until the lower end of the waiting port, and the gradually narrowing inner cavity is called the lower cone cavity; the part with the smallest diameter of the connecting body (4) is called the waiting port; the connecting body (4) From the upper end of the waiting port, the diameter of the inner cavity gradually increases until the upper surface of the connecting body (4), and the upper surface of the connecting body (4) is smooth in the radial direction, with a protruding arc-shaped structure; the top of the connecting body (4) is a rain cap (1 ), the shape of the rain cap (1) is a conical structure, the bottom of the rain cap (1), that is, the center of the conical bottom surface, is a raised conical structure, and the conical structure is a concave shape that is smoothly connected along the radial direction. arc-shaped structure, the edge of the lower bottom surface of the connecting body (4) protruding radially outward along the concave arc shape, that is, the axial direction, the upper end surface of the connecting body (4) matches the bottom surface structure of the rain cap (1) and the connecting body (4) There is a gap between the upper surface and the bottom surface of the rain cap (1) to form a drainage channel (connector (4) is similar to the corresponding end surface of the rain cap (1) to form a drainage channel), and the outlet of the drainage channel is vertically downward;

The baffle (8) is arranged at the lower end of the gas-liquid riser (7) to prevent large air bubbles from entering the gas-liquid riser directly; Each layer has at least one air intake hole (6), and the air intake hole is located at the upper end of the gas-liquid riser near the distribution plate.

Between the outer surface of the upper end of the connecting body (4) and the outermost end of the bottom surface of the rain cap (1), the gap of the drainage channel is controlled by a limit sleeve (2), and the limit sleeve (2) is fixed by the connecting rod (3) .

The diameter of the air inlet hole is Φ1 mm to Φ3 mm, and the total cross-sectional area of the air inlet hole is 10% to 40% of the cross-sectional area of the gas-liquid ascending pipe.

The cross-sectional area of the outlet of the drainage channel is 80%-120% of the cross-sectional area of the gas-liquid ascending pipe.

The cross-sectional area of the throat of the connecting body is 40%-60% of the cross-sectional area of the gas-liquid ascending pipe, and the length of the throat is 10mm-50mm.

A downward straight section is arranged at the end of the drainage channel, and the length of the downward straight section is 3 mm to 10 mm.

The diameter of the deflection baffle is slightly larger than the diameter of the gas-liquid riser.

The diameter range of the gas-liquid rising pipe is DN15mm-DN100mm, and the length range of the gas-liquid rising pipe is 150mm-1000mm.

A group of said gas-liquid rising pipes and rain caps are vertically and evenly distributed on the distribution plate according to the equilateral triangle or square arrangement through the connecting body, and the distance between adjacent said gas-liquid rising pipes is 3.5 of the diameter of said gas-liquid rising pipes. ~10 times.

In the specific arrangement, a group of the gas-liquid riser pipes are arranged on the distribution plate according to an equilateral triangle, that is, the three gas-liquid riser pipes form an equilateral triangle unit, and the gas-liquid riser group It includes multiple sets of regular triangle units until the entire distribution plate is covered with regular triangle units, and the distance between adjacent gas-liquid riser pipes is 3.5 to 10 times the diameter of the gas-liquid riser pipes.

Another embodiment of the arrangement is: a group of the gas-liquid rising pipes are arranged in a square to cover the distribution plate, that is, the four gas-liquid rising pipes form a square unit, and the gas-liquid rising pipes The tube group includes multiple groups of square units, until the entire distribution plate is covered with square units, and the distance between adjacent gas-liquid riser pipes is 3.55-10 times the diameter of the gas-liquid riser pipes.

In the actual operation process, the gas-liquid two-phase mixture flows from bottom to top. Due to the cover of the baffle, the mixture cannot directly enter the gas-liquid riser, and it also prevents large air bubbles from directly entering the gas-liquid riser. Due to the light density and being blocked by the baffle, the gas continues to flow upwards to reach the bottom of the distribution plate and gradually gathers. The liquid enters the gas-liquid riser after bypassing the baffle.

When the gas-liquid flow reaches equilibrium, most of the gas-liquid distribution pipes are immersed in the liquid because a gas cushion layer with a thickness slightly larger than the gas channel is formed under the distribution plate. Therefore, the gas enters the gas-liquid ascending pipe through the air inlet, and the liquid enters the gas-liquid distribution pipe through the lower end of the gas-liquid distribution pipe. Since the length of the gas-liquid distribution pipe ranges from 150 to 1000 mm, the stability of the gas cushion and the uniform distribution of the gas-liquid material in the cross-section of the reactor are guaranteed.

The liquid phase entrains the gas phase at the air inlet to form a parallel flow, and accelerates through the throat of the connecting body. Due to the different speeds obtained by the gas-liquid two phases, the gas phase is dispersed to form uniform and fine bubbles; the rain cap and the connecting body are set, and the two A drainage channel is formed between them, and the gas-liquid two-phase enters the reactor bed through the drainage channel to realize gas-liquid distribution and gas-liquid mass transfer. The end of the drainage channel formed by the connecting body and the rain cap is provided with a downward straight section to prevent the backflow of the catalyst when starting and stopping.

The gas-liquid distributor of the utility model can be used as a gas-liquid distribution component of a gas-liquid-solid three-phase, gas-liquid upward reactor, and has the advantages of uniform and fine bubbles, high mass transfer efficiency, and large operating flexibility.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the general structure schematic diagram of the gas-liquid distributor of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is another schematic diagram of the connection of the baffle plate at the bottom of the gas-liquid riser;

Fig. 3 is the schematic structural diagram of connector;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the regular triangle arrangement of distribution pipes in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the top view of the utility model embodiment 1;

1‐rain cap; 2‐limiting sleeve; 3‐connecting rod; 4‐connecting body; 5‐distribution plate; 6‐air intake hole; 7‐gas-liquid riser pipe;

Detailed ways

The utility model will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the utility model is applicable to the upward type gas-liquid distributor of the gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactor, which consists of a rain cap 1, a connecting body 4, a distribution plate 5, a gas-liquid rising pipe 7, and an air inlet 6, baffle plate 8, stop sleeve 2, connecting rod 3 and other parts constitute.

The connecting body 4 and the rain cap 1 are arranged on the top of the gas-liquid rising pipe 7, and the corresponding end faces of the connecting body 4 and the rain cap 1 are similar in shape, and a drainage channel is formed between them. The reverse sectional area of the throat diameter of the connecting body 4 is 40%-60% of the sectional area of the gas-liquid ascending pipe 7; the axial length of the throat is 10-50mm. The connecting body 4 and the rain cap 1 are connected together by a limit sleeve 2 and a connecting rod 3; the outlet cross-sectional area formed between the two is 80% to 120% of the cross-sectional area of the gas-liquid riser 7. The gas-liquid two-phase enters the reactor bed through the drainage channel to realize gas-liquid distribution and gas-liquid mass transfer. The end of the drainage channel formed by the connecting body 4 and the rain cap 1 is provided with a downward straight section to prevent backflow of the catalyst during start-up and shutdown. The length of the downward straight section is 3-10 mm.

A group of said gas-liquid rising pipes 7 and rain caps 1 are evenly distributed on the distribution plate 5 according to the equilateral triangle or square arrangement through the connecting body 4, and the distance between adjacent said gas-liquid rising pipes 7 is the distance between said gas-liquid rising pipes 7. 1.25 to 5 times the diameter of the tube 7.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, the gas-liquid ascending pipe 7 adopts a DN50mm standard metal pipe with a length of 600mm; the air inlet 6 is two layers of round holes, each layer is provided with 4 round holes, and the diameter of the round holes is 1mm; the upper layer of the air inlet The distance from the bottom of the distribution plate 5 is 100 mm, and the vertical distance between the two layers of air intake holes is 25 mm.

Baffle plate 8 is disk-shaped, is arranged on the 50mm place apart from gas-liquid riser pipe 7 lower ends, and disk diameter is 70mm, is fixed on gas-liquid riser pipe lower end (also can be the structure among Fig. 2) with bracing frame.

The technical specifications of the connecting body 4 are shown in Figure 3, a is 103° (there is no a in the figure), b is 76°, c is 25mm, d is 15mm, e is 60mm, and the connecting body 4 and the rain cap 1 use a limit sleeve 2 Connected with the connecting rod 3, the outlet cross-sectional area formed between the two is 80% to 120% of the cross-sectional area of the gas-liquid riser 7, and the end of the drainage channel formed by the connecting body 4 and the rain cap 1 is provided with a downward straight section. The stacking slope formed by the height is larger than the catalyst stacking angle, which prevents the backflow of the catalyst when starting and stopping.

As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the area surrounded by three adjacent gas-liquid distribution pipes 7 is an equilateral triangle, and a group of gas-liquid ascending pipes 7 are arranged in an equilateral triangle to cover the distribution plate, and the adjacent gas-liquid ascending pipes The spacing is 200mm.

Embodiment 1 is applicable to the internal component equipment of the fluidized bed residual oil hydrogenation reactor.

Claims (9)

1. An upward gas-liquid distributor for a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactor, characterized in that it mainly includes a baffle (8), a gas-liquid riser (7), an air inlet (6), connector (4), distribution plate (5) and rain cap (1); The gas-liquid ascending pipe (7) is vertically cylindrical, and the lower end is fixedly connected with the baffle plate (8), and there is a gap between the baffle plate (8) and the gas-liquid ascending pipe (7); the gas-liquid ascending pipe (7) ) is fixedly connected with the connecting body (4), the connecting body (4) is a ring structure with a waiting port inside, and the lower end of the inner surface of the connecting body (4) is equipped with a gas-liquid rising pipe (7) The gas-liquid rising pipe (7) is located in the groove; the diameter of the connecting body (4) gradually decreases from the inner cavity of the gas-liquid rising pipe (7) to the lower end of the waiting port, and the gradually narrowing inner cavity is called the lower The cone cavity; the smallest diameter part of the connecting body (4) is called the waiting port; the diameter of the connecting body (4) gradually increases from the upper end of the waiting port to the upper surface of the connecting body (4), and the upper surface of the connecting body (4) along the The radial direction is smooth and protruding arc-shaped structure; the top of the connector (4) is the bottom surface of the rain cap (1), the shape of the rain cap (1) is a conical structure, and the bottom surface of the rain cap (1) is conical The center of the bottom surface is a convex conical structure, and the conical structure is a concave arc-shaped structure that is smoothly connected along the radial direction. The upper surface of the body (4) matches the structure of the bottom surface of the rain cap (1) and there is a gap between the upper surface of the connecting body (4) and the bottom surface of the rain cap (1) to form a drainage channel, and the outlet of the drainage channel is vertically downward The connecting body (4) is fixed on the distribution plate (5), and the distribution plate (5) is located below the outlet of the drainage channel; there are 1 to 4 layers of air inlet holes on the wall of the gas-liquid riser pipe (7), and each layer At least one air intake hole (6), the air intake hole is located at the upper end of the gas-liquid rising pipe close to the distribution plate; the outer surface of the upper end of the connecting body (4) and the outermost end of the bottom surface of the rain cap (1) pass through a limit sleeve (2) to control the gap of the drainage channel, and the limit sleeve (2) is fixed by the connecting rod (3). 2. An upward gas-liquid distributor for a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactor according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the air inlet hole is Φ1 mm to Φ3 mm, and the total cross-sectional area of the air inlet hole is 10% to 40% of the cross-sectional area of the liquid riser. 3. according to claim 1, a kind of ascending gas-liquid distributor for gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactor, it is characterized in that, the cross-sectional area of the outlet of the described drainage channel is 80% of the cross-sectional area of the gas-liquid riser ~120%. 4. According to claim 1, an ascending gas-liquid distributor for a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactor, wherein the cross-sectional area of the throat of the connector is 40% to 40% of the cross-sectional area of the gas-liquid riser. 60%, and the throat length is 10mm to 50mm. 5. according to a kind of upward type gas-liquid distributor for gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactor according to claim 1, its characteristic The characteristic is that a downward straight section is arranged at the end of the drainage channel, and the length of the downward straight section is 3 mm to 10 mm. 6. An upward gas-liquid distributor for a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the baffle is slightly larger than the diameter of the gas-liquid riser. 7. An upward gas-liquid distributor for a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, the diameter range of the gas-liquid riser is DN15mm to DN100mm, and the gas-liquid riser The length range is 150mm ~ 1000mm. 8. According to any one of claims 1-7, an upward gas-liquid distributor for a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactor, characterized in that the gas-liquid rising pipe and the rain cap pass through the connecting body (4) according to the shape of an equilateral triangle or The square arrangement is vertically and evenly distributed on the distribution plate, and the distance between two adjacent gas-liquid riser pipes is 3.5 to 10 times the diameter of the gas-liquid riser pipes. 9. An upward gas-liquid distributor for a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactor according to claim 8, characterized in that, in a specific arrangement, a group of said gas-liquid risers are arranged in an equilateral triangle The distribution plate is covered with cloth, that is, the three gas-liquid ascending pipes form an equilateral triangle unit, and the gas-liquid ascending pipe group contains multiple sets of equilateral triangle units, until the entire distribution plate is covered with equilateral triangle units, adjacent The distance between the gas-liquid riser pipes is 3.5 to 10 times the diameter of the gas-liquid riser pipes; Another way of arrangement is: a group of the gas-liquid riser pipes are arranged on the distribution plate according to a square, that is, the four gas-liquid riser pipes form a square unit, and the gas-liquid riser pipes The group includes multiple groups of square units, until the entire distribution plate is covered with square units, and the distance between adjacent gas-liquid riser pipes is 3.55-10 times the diameter of the gas-liquid riser pipes.