CN203644903U - Composite heat dissipation device for traction battery pack - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a composite cooling device for a power battery pack, which comprises a box body, a cover plate, a single battery, a phase-change material layer, a porous surface heat pipe, a cooling fin, and a fan; the box body is composed of a plurality of single batteries There is a gap between each adjacent battery cell, and a phase change material layer is filled in the gap, and a porous surface heat pipe is embedded in the phase change material layer, and a liquid cooling medium is passed through the porous surface heat pipe. On the cover plate, the porous surface heat pipe is connected with the heat sink, the cover plate is sealed with the box body, and the fan is installed on the top of the heat sink. The heat generated by the battery pack is stored through the phase change material layer, and the heat in the phase change material layer is transferred to the heat sink through the porous surface heat pipe, and finally exported to the external environment. According to the amount of heat generated by the battery pack, the number of fans to be turned on is determined to forcibly dissipate heat, and the temperature of the battery will not rise due to the sharp increase in the heat generated by the battery pack, which improves the safety and life of the battery.

Description

Composite cooling device for a power battery pack

technical field

The utility model relates to a power battery heat dissipation technology of an electric vehicle, in particular to a composite heat dissipation device for a power battery pack.

Background technique

Energy and the environment have become the most concerned issues in the world at present. The traditional conventional internal combustion engine fueled by gasoline or diesel has low thermal efficiency, which not only causes energy waste and energy crisis, but also brings serious environmental pollution and environmental degradation. However, electric vehicles have received great attention due to many advantages such as energy saving, environmental protection, use of multiple energy sources, and low noise.

As a key component of an electric vehicle, the performance of the battery directly affects the operation of the electric vehicle, and temperature is an important factor affecting the performance of the power battery. When the vehicle is in different driving conditions such as high speed, low speed, acceleration, deceleration, etc., the battery will be discharged at different rates and generate a lot of heat. In addition, the space of the battery pack is limited when the vehicle is designed, resulting in slow heat dissipation during use. , the battery temperature can easily rise. Excessively high temperature will reduce the capacity, life and energy efficiency of the battery. If the heat is not dissipated in time at high temperature, it will lead to thermal runaway. In severe cases, there is a risk of violent expansion and explosion.

At present, the thermal management of power batteries has attracted extensive attention from many battery manufacturers and experts. The air-cooled heat dissipation and ventilation method is generally used in the market, but this method has a slow cooling speed and poor temperature distribution uniformity among battery cells. The safe operation of the power battery is very unfavorable.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, and provide a composite heat dissipation device for a power battery pack, which has a large heat dissipation capacity, high heat dissipation efficiency, and simple processing compared with the prior art, and utilizes phase change materials, heat pipes and The air-cooled composite heat dissipation method overcomes the technical problem that it is difficult to quickly dissipate heat after the phase change material has stored heat.

The utility model is realized through the following technical solutions:

A composite cooling device for a power battery pack, comprising a box body 1, a cover plate 5, a single battery 3, a phase change material layer 2, a porous surface heat pipe 4, a cooling fin 6, and a fan 7; A battery pack composed of single cells 3; there is a gap between each adjacent battery cell, and a phase change material layer 2 is filled in the gap, and a porous surface heat pipe 4 is embedded in the phase change material layer 2, and the porous surface heat pipe 4 is connected to There is a liquid cooling working medium, and the heat sink 6 is installed on the cover plate 5 , the porous surface heat pipe 4 is connected with the heat sink 6 , the cover plate 5 is sealed and matched with the box body 1 , and the fan 7 is installed on the top of the heat sink 6 .

The porous surface heat pipe 4 is divided into an evaporation end 8 and a condensation end 9, the evaporation end 8 is placed inside the box body 1 and is in contact with the phase change material layer 2, and the condensation end 9 is placed in the box body through the cover plate 5 1 Outside, the junction of the condensation end 9 and the cover plate 5 is sealed and fitted.

The surface of the evaporating end 8 of the porous surface heat pipe 4 is covered with a metal particle layer 8-1 adhered to each other, and the condensing end 9 has a smooth surface structure.

The phase change material layer 2 includes a composite phase change material composed of graphite, carbon fiber or carbon nanotube.

The heat sink 6 and the cover plate 5 are connected by screws or welding.

The heat sink 6 is made of aluminum alloy or copper.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

The utility model forms a composite multiple cooling mode through the combination of the phase change material layer, the porous surface heat pipe, the heat sink and the fan, which can simplify and reduce the volume of the battery heat dissipation system, and is beneficial to the fusion of the heat dissipation system and the electric vehicle; Through the combination of multiple cooling methods, the battery temperature can be effectively controlled, especially when operating in a harsh environment, and the uniformity of the battery cell temperature can be effectively guaranteed; the number of fans to be turned on can be determined according to the different requirements of the battery power.

The utility model has a wide application range and can meet the requirements of different power batteries, such as lithium ion, nickel metal hydride, lead-acid batteries and the like.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the composite cooling device of the utility model power battery pack;

Fig. 2 is a top view schematic diagram of removing the fan from the composite cooling device of the power battery pack of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the composite cooling device of the power battery pack of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the porous surface heat pipe of the composite heat dissipation device of the power battery pack of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the utility model is described in further detail.

Example

As shown in Figures 1 to 3. The composite heat dissipation device of the power battery pack of the utility model includes a box body 1, a cover plate 5, a single battery 3, a phase change material layer 2, a porous surface heat pipe 4, a cooling fin 6, and a fan 7; A battery pack composed of single cells 3; there is a gap between each adjacent battery cell, the phase change material layer 2 is filled in the gap, and the porous surface heat pipe 4 is embedded in the phase change material layer 2, and the porous surface heat pipe 4 is embedded in the phase change material layer 2. There is a liquid cooling medium, and the heat sink 6 is installed on the cover plate 5 , the porous surface heat pipe 4 is connected with the heat sink 6 , the cover plate 5 is sealed with the box body 1 , and the fan 7 is installed on the top of the heat sink 6 .

As shown in Figure 4. The porous surface heat pipe 4 is divided into an evaporation end 8 and a condensation end 9, the evaporation end 8 is placed inside the box body 1 and is in contact with the phase change material layer 2, and the condensation end 9 is placed in the box body through the cover plate 5 1 Outside, the junction of the condensation end 9 and the cover plate 5 is sealed and fitted. The surface of the evaporating end 8 of the porous surface heat pipe 4 is covered with a metal particle layer 8-1 adhered to each other, and the condensing end 9 has a smooth surface structure.

The evaporating end 8 absorbs the heat of the battery pack through the phase change material 2, and the condensing end 9 extends out of the battery pack and cooperates with the cooling fin 6 to release heat. In order to avoid the backflow of heat, an insulated end is used between the condensing end 9 and the evaporating end 8 . In order to better absorb heat and dissipate heat, it is necessary to increase the heat exchange area, so a metal particle layer 8-1 attachment structure is set on the surface of the evaporation end 8, and the condensation end 9 is connected to the cooling fin 6 to dissipate heat. The interlayer is coated with thermally conductive silicone grease with excellent heat resistance and thermal conductivity. Due to the non-linear heat generation during the charging and discharging process of the battery pack, the latent heat of the phase change material layer 2 not only has the effect of heat buffering but also has the effect of balancing the overall temperature in the battery pack.

The phase change material layer 2 includes a composite phase change material composed of graphite, carbon fiber or carbon nanotube. The heat sink 6 and the cover plate 5 are connected by screws or welding. The heat sink 6 is made of aluminum alloy or copper.

The liquid cooling working medium in the porous surface heat pipe 4 transmits the heat of each single battery 3 to the condensation end 9, and outputs the heat to the external environment through the heat sink 6, and the opening is determined according to the discharge rate of the single battery 3 or the amount of heat generated The quantity of fan 7 carries out forced heat dissipation. Through the effective compounding of this compound cooling method, the temperature of the battery pack can be significantly reduced to ensure the consistency of the temperature of each single battery 3 .

The number of fans 7 turned on is determined by the discharge rate of the battery pack or the amount of heat generated. When the power battery pack operates in a harsh environment (such as summer) or is discharged with high power for a short time, the temperature of the power battery pack rises sharply. The phase-change material layer 2 in the box cannot meet the heat dissipation needs of the battery pack. At this time, the fan 7 needs to be turned on to forcibly cool the condensing end 9 and the heat sink 6, so as to accelerate the diffusion of heat, so that the heat of the battery pack can quickly evaporate from the heat pipe 4 on the porous surface. The end 8 is transferred to the condensation end 9 to achieve the purpose of heat dissipation. When the battery pack 3 does not need high-power discharge, the heat is reduced. At this time, the heat dissipation mode of the battery pack is realized by relying on the heat absorption of the phase change material layer and the heat dissipation of the porous surface heat pipe 4 to the environment through the heat sink 6 .

Just can realize the utility model preferably as mentioned above.

The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred implementation mode of the present utility model, but the implementation mode of the present utility model is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiment, and any other changes made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present utility model and the principle should be equivalent All replacement methods are included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (6)

1. A compound cooling device for a power battery pack, characterized in that: it comprises a casing, a cover plate, a single battery, a phase-change material layer, a porous surface heat pipe, a cooling fin, and a fan; a plurality of single batteries are placed in the casing There is a gap between each adjacent battery cell, and a phase change material layer is filled in the gap, and a porous surface heat pipe is embedded in the phase change material layer. The porous surface heat pipe is filled with a liquid cooling medium and a heat sink. Installed on the cover plate, the porous surface heat pipe is connected with the heat sink, the cover plate is sealed with the box body, and the fan is installed on the top of the heat sink. 2. The composite cooling device for power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: the porous surface heat pipe is divided into an evaporation end and a condensation end, the evaporation end is placed inside the box body, and is connected with the phase change material The condensing end passes through the cover plate and is placed outside the box, and the joint between the condensing end and the cover plate is sealed. 3. The composite cooling device for a power battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that: the surface of the evaporation end of the porous surface heat pipe is covered with a layer of metal particles adhered to each other, and the condensation end is a smooth surface structure. 4. The composite heat dissipation device for a power battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the phase change material layer includes a composite phase change material composed of graphite, carbon fiber or carbon nanotube. 5 . The composite heat dissipation device for a power battery pack according to claim 1 , wherein the heat dissipation fin and the cover plate are connected by screws or welding. 5 . 6. The composite cooling device for a power battery pack according to claim 5, wherein the cooling fins are made of aluminum alloy or copper.

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