Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to have overcome existing cutting force measurement device phase mutual interference and the coarse problem of patch location between all directions, and a kind of three-dimensional cutting force measurement device is provided.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model is to adopt following technical scheme to realize: described three-dimensional cutting force measurement device comprises octagonal ring knife rest, lathe tool, Z axis displacement transducer, Y-axis displacement transducer, X-axis displacement transducer and knife bar.
Lathe tool utilizes screw to be fixed in the cutter groove of knife bar left end, knife bar right-hand member is fixed in the groove on octagonal ring knife rest, and Z axis displacement transducer, Y-axis displacement transducer and X-axis displacement transducer are from top to bottom fixed in three sensor through holes on octagonal ring knife rest successively.
Octagonal ring knife rest described in technical scheme is the symmetrical hollow shell part of a polygon prism formula iso-cross-section, the first half of octagonal ring knife rest is front end, the latter half of octagonal ring knife rest is stiff end, front end is connected with stiff end, octagonal ring knife rest is that the left and right end of front end and stiff end is provided with cylindrical hole symmetrically, two cylindrical holes are communicated with by a cuboid through hole, on the left and right sidewall of two cylindrical holes, be provided with the rectangular through-hole being communicated with two cylindrical holes, on the front end face of front end, be provided with the groove that knife bar is installed, on the front end face of stiff end, be provided with three from top to bottom Z axis displacement transducer is installed, the sensor through hole of Y-axis displacement transducer and X-axis displacement transducer is Z sensor through hole, Y sensor through hole and X sensor through hole.
Rectangular recess described in technical scheme is positioned at the geometric center place of the front end of octagonal ring knife rest.
The axis of rotation of the Z sensor through hole described in technical scheme, Y sensor through hole and X sensor through hole is parallel to each other, and symmetrical the M that is in octagonal ring knife rest together is upper, the axis of rotation of Y sensor through hole is in the neutral line of octagonal ring knife rest is neutral surface N.
The axis of rotation of the Z axis displacement transducer described in technical scheme, Y-axis displacement transducer and X-axis displacement transducer is parallel to each other, and is in together in symmetrical M of octagonal ring knife rest, and plane of symmetry M is that how much planes of symmetry of octagonal ring knife rest are YOZ plane; The axis of rotation of Y-axis displacement transducer is positioned at the neutral surface N of octagonal ring knife rest, and neutral surface N is parallel to XOY face, and the neutral line of process octagonal ring knife rest.
Z axis displacement transducer described in technical scheme is positioned at the top of neutral surface N, and X-axis displacement transducer is positioned at the below of neutral surface N.
The point of a knife of the lathe tool described in technical scheme is positioned at symmetrical M of octagonal ring knife rest, and the point of a knife of lathe tool is positioned at YOZ plane.
Compared with prior art the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
1. three-dimensional cutting force measurement device described in the utility model measurement mechanism different from the past, the utility model is to have proposed a kind of device that utilizes capacitive displacement transducer to measure cutting force, the error and the static couple that produce because of resistance strain gage patch location inaccuracy are avoided, improve certainty of measurement, realized decoupling zero between dimension;
2. three-dimensional cutting force measurement apparatus structure described in the utility model is simple, easy to use.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is explained in detail:
The utility model is for current cutting force measurement device phase mutual interference and the coarse problem of patch location between all directions, the three-dimensional cutting force measurement device that a kind of frame for movement is simple, certainty of measurement is high has been proposed, utilizing three non-contacting capacitive displacement transducers is that Z axis displacement transducer 3, Y-axis displacement transducer 4 are measured the distortion of octagonal ring knife rest 1 in Z, Y, tri-directions of X with X-axis displacement transducer 5, and then compared with the size of accurate Calculation three-dimensional cutting force.This three-dimensional cutting force measurement apparatus structure is simple, debugging is convenient, this three-dimensional cutting force measurement device adopts non-contact measurement simultaneously, has reduced to a great extent the phase mutual interference between cutting force in three directions, improved three-dimensional cutting force measurement device respectively to precision.
Consult Fig. 2, a kind of three-dimensional cutting force measurement device described in the utility model includes octagonal ring knife rest 1, lathe tool 2, Z axis displacement transducer 3, Y-axis displacement transducer 4, X-axis displacement transducer 5, knife bar 7.
Described octagonal ring knife rest 1 is the symmetrical hollow shell part of (12) more than one prism iso-cross-section.The first half of octagonal ring knife rest 1 is front end 6, the latter half of octagonal ring knife rest 1 is stiff end 8, front end 6 is connected with stiff end 8, a left side for octagonal ring knife rest 1, right two ends are a left side for front end 6 and stiff end 8, right-hand member is provided with symmetrical cylindrical hole, between two cylindrical holes, be communicated with by a cuboid through hole, on the left and right sidewall (being the left side wall of left end cylindrical hole and the right side wall of right-hand member cylindrical hole) of two cylindrical holes, be provided with two rectangular through-hole (left end rectangular through-hole and right-hand member rectangular through-hole) that are communicated with two cylindrical holes (being left end cylindrical hole and right-hand member cylindrical hole), on the front end face of front end 6, be provided with the rectangular recess that knife bar 7 is installed, symmetrical of rectangular recess is coplanar with symmetrical of octagonal ring knife rest 1, the point of a knife of lathe tool 2 is positioned at rectangular recess and octagonal ring knife rest 1 symmetrical, on the front end face of stiff end 8, be provided with three from top to bottom Z axis displacement transducer 3 is installed, Y-axis displacement transducer 4 is Z sensor through hole with the sensor through hole of X-axis displacement transducer 5, Y sensor through hole and X sensor through hole.The axis of rotation of Z sensor through hole, Y sensor through hole and X sensor through hole is parallel to each other, and is in together in symmetrical M of octagonal ring knife rest 1, and symmetrical M is parallel to YOZ coordinate surface; The axis of rotation of Y sensor through hole is in the neutral line of octagonal ring knife rest 1 is neutral surface N, and neutral surface N is parallel to XOY coordinate surface.
One end of described knife bar 7 is provided with the cutter groove for lathe tool is installed, and bar 7 can be independent part, also can be made of one with octagonal ring knife rest 1.
Described Z axis displacement transducer 3, Y-axis displacement transducer 4, X-axis displacement transducer 5 are non-contacting capacitance type sensor, all adopting model is the sensor of ZCS1100, described non-contacting capacitive displacement transducer refers to that sensor and measured target are non-contacting, in the utility model, specifically refer to that Z axis displacement transducer 3, Y-axis displacement transducer 4, X-axis displacement transducer 5 are non-contacting with the front end 6 of knife rest 1, and obtain measurement data by the change in displacement between measuring nose 6 and rear end 8.Z axis displacement transducer 3, Y-axis displacement transducer 4, X-axis displacement transducer 5 are fixedly installed in respectively in Z sensor through hole, Y sensor through hole and X sensor through hole.X-axis displacement transducer 5 is for measuring centripetal force Fx, and Y-axis displacement transducer 4 is for measuring back force Fy, and Z axis displacement transducer 3, for measuring main cutting force Fz, has reduced the phase mutual interference between three-dimensional power, realizes decoupling zero between dimension.
Lathe tool 2 utilizes screw to be fixed in the upper knife groove of knife bar 7 left ends, knife bar 7 right-hand members (tail end) are fixed in the rectangular recess of octagonal ring knife rest 1 left end, this rectangular recess is positioned at the geometric center of the front end 6 of octagonal ring knife rest 1, the point of a knife of lathe tool 2 is positioned at symmetrical M of octagonal ring knife rest 1, and the point of a knife of lathe tool 2 is positioned at YOZ plane.Z axis displacement transducer 3, Y-axis displacement transducer 4, X-axis displacement transducer 5 are from top to bottom fixedly mounted in Z sensor through hole, Y sensor through hole and the X sensor through hole of octagonal ring knife rest 1 successively, Z axis displacement transducer 3, Y-axis displacement transducer 4 are parallel to each other with the axis of rotation of X-axis displacement transducer 5, and be in together in symmetrical M of octagonal ring knife rest 1, plane of symmetry M is that octagonal ring knife rest 1 how much planes of symmetry are YOZ plane; The axis of rotation of Y-axis displacement transducer 4 is positioned at the neutral surface N of octagonal ring knife rest 1, and neutral surface N is parallel to XOY face, and the neutral line of process octagonal ring knife rest 1; Z axis displacement transducer 3 is positioned at the top of neutral surface N, and X-axis displacement transducer 5 is positioned at the below of neutral surface N.The neutral line of octagonal ring knife rest 1, refers to when lathe tool 2 points of a knife bear Z-direction power, and octagonal ring knife rest 1 upper layer of material tension is extended, and subsurface material pressurized shortens, the fibrage that length remains unchanged existing between elongate layer and shortening layer.
Consult Fig. 1, add man-hour when carrying out turning, on lathe tool 2, suffered power can resolve into the component of three directions, i.e. main cutting force Fz, centripetal force Fx and back force Fy.
Consult Fig. 2 to Fig. 4, in the time measuring centripetal force Fx, main cutting force Fz and back force Fy can not produce and disturb X-axis displacement transducer 5, this is because X-axis displacement transducer 5 is that between front end 6 by measuring octagonal ring knife rest 1 and stiff end 8, the change in displacement in X-direction is measured the big or small of centripetal force Fx, according to the stress deformation rule of octagonal ring knife rest 1, centripetal force Fx only can make the front end 6 of octagonal ring knife rest 1 in X-direction, produce change in displacement, and main cutting force Fz makes octagonal ring knife rest 1 produce flexural deformation, back force Fy makes the front end 6 of octagonal ring knife rest 1 move to the stiff end 8 of octagonal ring knife rest 1, be that main cutting force Fz and back force Fy all can not make the front end 6 of octagonal ring knife rest 1 and stiff end 8 that relative displacement variation occurs in X-direction, in the time measuring back force Fy, centripetal force Fx can not produce and disturb Y-axis displacement transducer 4, Y-axis displacement transducer 4 is by measuring back force Fy size along the change in displacement in Y direction between the front end 6 of measurement octagonal ring knife rest 1 and stiff end 8, because Y-axis displacement transducer 4 axis are in neutral surface N, main cutting force Fz extends the upper layer of material tension of octagonal ring knife rest 1, subsurface material pressurized shortens, on the fibrage that Y-axis displacement transducer 4 axis remain unchanged in a length between elongate layer and shortening layer, be that main cutting force Fz can not produce and disturb Y-axis displacement transducer 4, in the time measuring main cutting force Fz, Z axis displacement transducer 3 is by measuring main cutting force Fz's along the change in displacement in Y direction between the front end 6 of measurement octagonal ring knife rest 1 and stiff end 8, centripetal force Fx makes the front end 6 of octagonal ring knife rest 1 in X-direction, produce displacement with respect to stiff end 8, therefore can Z axis displacement transducer 3 not produced and be disturbed, and because the effect of back force Fy can make to change along the displacement in Y direction between the front end 6 of octagonal ring knife rest 1 and stiff end 8, the data of Z axis displacement transducer 3 being measured produce to be disturbed, if the measured deflection of Z axis displacement transducer 3 is △=△
z-K △
y, wherein △
z, △
ybe respectively main cutting force Fz and back force Fy and act on the deflection that the point of a knife position of lathe tool 2 produces octagonal ring knife rest 1, K is factor of influence, so after the interference that elimination back force Fy produces main cutting force Fz, obtain the caused deflection △ of main cutting force Fz
z=△+K △
y.Then, the signal that Z axis displacement transducer 3, Y-axis displacement transducer 4 and X-axis displacement transducer 5 are gathered, after A/D conversion and computer processing, obtains the size of three-dimensional cutting force.
This device for measuring force is simple in structure, and debugging is convenient, adopts capacitive displacement transducer, and compared with traditional resistance-strain chip structure, the nonlinearity of this device obviously reduces.This device for measuring force adopts non-contacting metering system simultaneously, has reduced to a great extent the phase mutual interference between the component of cutting force in three directions, improved cutting force measurement device respectively to precision.
The operation principle of three-dimensional cutting force measurement device:
The stiff end 8 of octagonal ring knife rest 1 is fixed on the workbench of lathe, add man-hour carrying out turning, the cutting force that turning machining produces acts on the point of a knife position of lathe tool 2, and pass on octagonal ring knife rest 1 by knife bar 7, thereby cause that octagonal ring knife rest 1 deforms, now, X-axis displacement transducer 5, Y-axis displacement transducer 4 can measure respectively octagonal ring knife rest 1 in X-direction with Z axis displacement transducer 3, Y direction deflection, Z-direction and bending deformation quantity, then the signal three sensors being collected is after A/D conversion and computer processing, obtain Fx, Fy, the size of Fz, by the synthetic size that can obtain cutting force of power.