CN203604171U - Positive displacement pump for driving magnetic fluid through electromagnets - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a volumetric pump which utilizes an electromagnet to drive a magnetic fluid. Cavity, magnetic liquid, deformable capsule, casing of positive displacement pump, one-way valve at liquid inlet or one-way valve at liquid outlet; the magnetic liquid is a sphere under the package of deformable capsule when it is not subjected to electromagnetic force. After the electromagnet is energized, a magnetic field is generated to deform the deformable capsule into a prolate ellipsoid, and the liquid suction and discharge process of the displacement pump is realized by controlling the volume change of the deformable capsule. The positive displacement pump organically combines the magnetic liquid technology with the structural characteristics of the traditional pump, and utilizes the deformation characteristics of the magnetic liquid under the action of the electromagnetic field to effectively reduce the friction of traditional mechanical parts and simplify the complex structure of the pump body.

Description

A displacement pump using electromagnet to drive magnetic fluid

technical field

The utility model relates to a pump for driving magnetic fluid by using an electromagnet, in particular to a displacement pump, in particular to a displacement pump for driving the magnetic fluid by using an electromagnet.

Background technique

A pump is a fluid machine that transports liquid or pressurizes the liquid. It transmits the mechanical energy of the prime mover or other external energy to the liquid to increase the energy of the liquid. The pump is mainly used to transport liquids such as water, oil, acid-base liquid, emulsion, suspoemulsion and liquid metal, and can also transport liquid-gas mixture and liquid containing suspended solids. At present, the commonly used pumps mainly include centrifugal pumps and positive displacement pumps. Centrifugal pumps need to inject a certain amount of liquid into the water inlet before working. The operation is very inconvenient and the flow rate also changes when the load changes (that is, the head changes), so it cannot meet some required flow rates. stable applications. The positive displacement pump relies on the periodic change of the volume of the sealed working space containing the liquid, so that the liquid is forced to be discharged after the pressure is increased. Therefore, the positive displacement pump not only has good self-priming characteristics but also has a very stable flow rate when the load changes. Positive displacement pumps are currently divided into reciprocating pumps and rotor pumps. Among them, reciprocating pumps have the characteristics of high pressure and small flow, and are suitable for transporting clean liquids or gas-liquid mixtures. Reciprocating pumps mainly include disc-shaped piston types, plunger types, and diaphragm types. Although the disc-shaped piston reciprocating pump has the advantages of short pump cylinder length and large flow rate, it has the disadvantages that the pump cylinder is divided into two spaces, and the pressure difference is easy to leak. The disadvantage of high cost; although the diaphragm reciprocating pump has wear resistance and corrosion resistance, its transmission efficiency is low. The rotor pump has the characteristics of high vacuum and discharge pressure, but the material must not contain hard impurities such as welding slag and iron filings, so a filter must be installed. At the same time, the existing volumetric pump adopts a traditional mechanical structure, and its transmission and connection use multiple parts, which makes the structure of the pump body complex and difficult to disassemble and assemble, resulting in difficulties in maintenance. Due to the use of multiple parts in the traditionally designed positive displacement pump, there will be a large amount of frictional heat loss during the rotational movement, which will reduce the efficiency of the pump and accelerate the aging of the pump, thus affecting the service life. In addition, traditional positive displacement pumps use one-way valves at both the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet, which not only increases the number of parts of the pump, but also makes the structure of the pump more complicated.

Magnetic fluid, also known as magnetic liquid, ferrofluid or ferrofluid, is a functional material that has both the fluidity of a liquid and the magnetism of a solid magnetic material. The magnetic fluid is a stable colloidal liquid composed of magnetic solid particles with a diameter of nanometers (less than 10 nanometers), a base carrier liquid, and a surfactant. It has no magnetic attraction in static state. When an external magnetic field is applied, it exhibits magnetism, which is why it has a wide range of applications in practice and has high academic value in theory. The magnetic fluid produced with nano-metal and alloy powder has excellent performance, and can be widely used in various harsh conditions of magnetic fluid sealing, shock absorption, medical equipment, sound adjustment, light display, magnetic fluid beneficiation and other fields.

In order to overcome many shortcomings of traditional volumetric pumps and enhance and improve the transmission characteristics of volumetric pumps at the same time, the utility model proposes a volumetric pump that uses electromagnets to drive magnetic fluid. Comparing with it, the complex structure and numerous parts are omitted, and the useless work due to mechanical transmission and friction is reduced at the same time. In addition, the utility model is different from a general positive displacement pump that requires a one-way valve for entering and exiting liquid, and it can omit one of the one-way valves for the liquid inlet or outlet to further simplify the structure.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a volumetric pump that uses electromagnets to drive magnetic fluid. The friction of traditional mechanical parts simplifies the complex structure of the pump body.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is a volumetric pump that utilizes an electromagnet to drive the magnetic fluid. Iron, liquid outlet, pressure liquid chamber, magnetic liquid, deformable capsule, displacement pump casing, liquid inlet check valve or liquid outlet check valve; upper electromagnet and lower electromagnet are symmetrically distributed in the displacement pump machine Directly above and directly below the shell, a changing magnetic field is generated after power-on; the positive displacement pump casing can be divided into upper and lower parts in terms of shape, and the lower part is wider than the upper part. The bladder is connected to the positive displacement pump casing at the bottom of the positive displacement pump casing, thereby forming a liquid inlet chamber with the lower part of the positive displacement pump casing and forming a pressure liquid chamber at the upper part of the positive displacement pump casing; When the force acts as a sphere, when the electromagnet is energized, a magnetic field is generated, and the deformable capsule is deformed into a prolate ellipsoid to separate the liquid inlet chamber from the pressure liquid chamber; when the current in the electromagnet is zero, the electromagnetic force is zero, and the deformable capsule is deformable. The shape of the capsule returned to a sphere.

The working principle of the positive displacement pump driven by the electromagnet is as follows: the magnetic liquid is a sphere under the package of the deformable capsule when it is not affected by the electromagnetic force. When the electromagnet is energized, a magnetic field is generated, and the deformable capsule is deformed into a prolate oval The body separates the liquid inlet chamber from the pressure liquid chamber, and causes the volume of the deformable capsule in the liquid inlet chamber to decrease, that is, the volume of the liquid inlet chamber formed by the deformable capsule and the displacement pump casing increases, and at the same time it is in the pressure liquid chamber. When the volume of the deformable capsule increases, the volume of the hydraulic cavity formed by the deformable capsule and the displacement pump casing decreases; when the current in the electromagnet is zero, the electromagnetic force is zero, and the shape of the deformable capsule returns to a sphere, thereby The volume of the deformable capsule in the liquid inlet chamber becomes larger and the volume of the liquid inlet chamber decreases, while the volume of the deformable capsule in the liquid pressure chamber becomes smaller and the volume of the pressure liquid chamber increases; When the fluid is not subjected to electromagnetic force and becomes a sphere, it communicates with the pressure liquid chamber, and under the action of electromagnetic force, the deformable capsule deforms to seal the junction of the liquid inlet chamber and the pressure liquid chamber, thereby separating the liquid inlet chamber from the pressure liquid chamber; The liquid cavity sucks liquid through the liquid inlet pipe, and when the deformable capsule deforms and returns to a sphere, it communicates with the pressure liquid cavity again, thereby pressing the liquid into the pressure liquid cavity; The liquid chamber is closed, because the volume of the deformable capsule increases in the pressure liquid chamber, the liquid in the pressure chamber is discharged from the liquid outlet to the liquid outlet pipe; when the deformation of the deformable capsule recovers, it is reconnected with the liquid inlet chamber and the liquid enters the liquid chamber. The liquid inlet pipe is opened when the liquid inlet chamber absorbs liquid, and is closed when the liquid inlet chamber supplies liquid to the pressure liquid chamber; the liquid outlet is opened when the liquid pressure chamber presses liquid to the liquid outlet pipe, The liquid inlet chamber is closed when replenishing liquid, so as to ensure that the liquid flows continuously from the liquid inlet pipe to the liquid outlet pipe through the extrusion of the deformable capsule.

Compared with the traditional positive displacement pump, the utility model has the following advantages:

1. The positive displacement pump of the utility model not only has good self-priming characteristics, but also maintains a stable flow rate when the load changes, and compared with the traditional positive displacement pump, the complex structure and numerous parts are omitted.

2. The utility model uses magnetic liquid to replace the mechanical parts of the traditional positive displacement pump, which reduces the friction of various parts of the mechanical transmission and improves the service life of the positive displacement pump.

3. Unlike the traditional mechanical positive displacement pump, which requires a one-way valve for both the inlet and outlet of the fluid, it can save one of the one-way valves for the inlet or outlet of the liquid, thus simplifying the structure of the pump body.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnet-driven magnetic fluid volumetric pump.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetically driven magnetic fluid positive displacement pump with a one-way valve at a liquid outlet.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetically driven magnetic fluid volumetric pump with a one-way valve at the liquid inlet.

Fig. 4 is a bottom view of an electromagnetically driven magnetic fluid volumetric pump with a liquid inlet check valve.

In the figure: 1. Lower electromagnet 2. Liquid inlet pipe 3. Liquid inlet chamber 4. Liquid outlet pipe 5. Upper electromagnet 6. Liquid outlet 7. Liquid outlet 8. Magnetic liquid 9. Deformable capsule 10 , Positive displacement pump casing 11, Liquid inlet check valve 12, Liquid outlet check valve 13, Liquid inlet

Detailed ways

The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, it is a schematic diagram of a volumetric pump driven by an electromagnet. The volumetric pump includes a lower electromagnet 1, a liquid inlet pipe 2, a liquid inlet chamber 3, a liquid outlet pipe 4, an upper electromagnet 5, and a liquid outlet 6. , pressure liquid chamber 7, magnetic liquid 8, deformable capsule 9, displacement pump casing 10, liquid inlet check valve 11; the upper electromagnet 1 and the lower electromagnet 5 are symmetrically distributed directly above the displacement pump casing 10 and Directly below, a changing magnetic field is generated after power-on; the volumetric pump housing 10 can be divided into upper and lower parts in shape, and the lower part is wider than the upper part, and the inner cavity shape of the entire volumetric pump is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom; the deformable capsule 9 is in the The bottom a of the positive displacement pump casing 10 is connected to the positive displacement pump casing 10, thereby forming the liquid inlet chamber 3 with the lower part of the positive displacement pump casing 10 and forming the pressure liquid chamber 7 at the upper part of the positive displacement pump casing 10; the magnetic liquid 8 is in the deformable capsule Under the package of 9, it is a sphere when it is not subjected to electromagnetic force. When the electromagnet is energized, a magnetic field is generated. The deformable capsule 9 is deformed into a prolate ellipsoid; When the force is a sphere, it communicates with the liquid pressure chamber 7, and under the action of electromagnetic force, the deformable capsule 9 deforms to seal the junction of the liquid inlet chamber 3 and the pressure liquid chamber 7, thereby separating the liquid inlet chamber 3 from the pressure liquid chamber 7 The liquid inlet chamber 3 inhales the liquid through the liquid inlet pipe 2, and the liquid is pressed into the pressure liquid chamber 7 when the deformable capsule 9 is deformed by electromagnetic action; The liquid inlet chamber 3 is closed, and when the deformable capsule 9 is deformed by electromagnetic action, the liquid in the liquid pressure chamber 7 is discharged from the liquid outlet 6 to the liquid outlet pipe 4; The liquid chamber 3 is connected, and the liquid is continuously pumped from the liquid inlet pipe 2 to the liquid inlet chamber 3; the magnetic fluid 8 in the positive displacement pump can also use magnetic liquid metal; the electromagnet can be driven by alternating current or pulse power supply, and the driving power supply The frequency is determined according to the characteristics of the deformable capsule 9 and the magnetic liquid 8; when a one-way valve is installed at the inlet of the liquid inlet pipe 2, the liquid outlet 6 does not need to be installed with a one-way valve; when the liquid outlet 6 is installed with a one-way valve, The inlet of the liquid inlet pipe 2 can be installed without a one-way valve.

As shown in Figure 2, it is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetically driven magnetic fluid volumetric pump with a liquid outlet check valve. In the figure, after the upper electromagnet 5 and the lower electromagnet 1 symmetrically distributed in the volumetric pump casing 10 are energized, the magnetic fluid 8 is housed. The deformable capsule 9 is deformed into a prolate ellipsoid under the action of a magnetic field, the liquid inlet check valve 11 of the liquid inlet pipe 2 is opened, and deformed into a prolate ellipsoid deformable capsule 9 under the action of electromagnetic force Seal the junction of the liquid inlet chamber 3 and the pressure liquid chamber 7, thereby separating the liquid inlet chamber 3 from the pressure liquid chamber 7. At this time, the deformable capsule 9 in the liquid inlet chamber 3 can be deformed by reducing the volume The volume of the liquid inlet chamber 3 formed with the volumetric pump casing 10 increases, and the liquid inlet chamber 3 sucks liquid through the liquid inlet pipe 2, and the deformable capsule 9 in the pressure liquid chamber 7 increases in volume to deform the capsule 9 and the volume. The volume of the pressure liquid chamber 7 formed by the pump casing 10 is reduced, and the liquid suction of the liquid inlet chamber 3 and the liquid discharge process of the pressure liquid chamber 7 are completed; when the current is zero, the electromagnetic force is zero, and the deformable capsule that wraps the magnetic fluid 8 9 returns to a sphere when it is not affected by the electromagnetic force. At this time, the inlet check valve 11 at the liquid inlet pipe 2 is closed, and the liquid inlet chamber 3 communicates with the pressure liquid chamber 7. At this time, the deformable capsule in the liquid inlet chamber 3 9. The volume of the deformable capsule 9 and the displacement pump casing 10 can be deformed when the volume becomes larger. The volume of the pressure liquid chamber 7 formed by the pump casing 10 is increased to complete the liquid transfer between the liquid inlet chamber 3 and the pressure liquid chamber 7 and the liquid discharge of the pressure liquid chamber 7 through the liquid outlet pipe 4, so as to realize an electromagnet driving the magnetic fluid The working process of the volumetric pump; by controlling the current of the lower electromagnet 1 and the upper electromagnet 5 to generate a changing magnetic field, and then controlling the deformation of the deformable capsule 9 wrapping the electromagnetic fluid 8 to realize the working cycle of the volumetric pump.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetically driven magnetic fluid volumetric pump with a liquid inlet check valve, and Figure 4 is a bottom view of an electromagnetically driven magnetic fluid volumetric pump with a liquid inlet check valve, the electromagnet drives the magnetic fluid volumetric pump In addition, the method of canceling the one-way valve at the liquid inlet and installing the one-way valve at the liquid outlet can be adopted. The position of the electromagnet, the electromagnetic fluid, the deformable capsule, and the pump body of the volumetric pump in Figure 1 have not changed in this electromagnetically driven volumetric pump. At the same time, the liquid inlet 13 is arranged at the position where the deformable capsule 9 is spherical and coincides with the positive displacement pump casing 10, and its number can be one or multiple according to specific design requirements; Under the package, when the magnetic liquid 8 wrapped by the deformable capsule 9 just seals the liquid inlet 13 when it is not affected by the electromagnetic force, the magnetic liquid 8 just seals the liquid inlet 13, so that the liquid in the liquid inlet chamber 3 will not flow back to the liquid inlet 13; When subjected to the action of the electromagnet magnetic field, the magnetic liquid 8 wrapped in the deformable capsule 9 is deformed into a prolate ellipsoid, and the liquid inlet 13 is opened to allow the liquid to enter the liquid inlet chamber 3 . After the upper electromagnet 5 and the lower electromagnet 1 symmetrically distributed in the positive displacement pump casing 10 are energized, the deformable capsule 9 containing the magnetic liquid 8 is deformed into a prolate ellipsoid under the action of the magnetic field. 13 is opened, and the deformable capsule 9 deformed into a prolate ellipsoid under the action of electromagnetic force seals the junction of the liquid inlet chamber 3 and the pressure liquid chamber 7, thereby separating the liquid inlet chamber 3 from the pressure liquid chamber 7. At this time The volume of the deformable capsule 9 in the liquid inlet chamber 3 decreases, and the volume of the liquid inlet chamber 3 formed by the deformable capsule 9 and the positive displacement pump casing 10 increases, and the liquid inlet chamber 3 sucks liquid through the liquid inlet 13, and at the same time, it is under pressure. As the volume of the deformable capsule 9 of the liquid chamber 7 increases, the volume of the liquid pressure chamber 7 formed by the deformable capsule 9 and the positive displacement pump casing 10 shrinks, and the liquid outlet check valve 12 is opened to complete the suction and discharge of the liquid inlet chamber 3. The liquid discharge process of the pressure liquid chamber 7; when the current is zero, the electromagnetic force is zero, and the deformable capsule 9 wrapping the magnetic fluid 8 returns to a sphere when it is not affected by the electromagnetic force, and the liquid inlet 2 closes the liquid inlet chamber at this time 3 communicates with the pressure liquid chamber 7, and the one-way valve 12 of the liquid outlet is closed. At this time, the volume of the deformable capsule 9 in the liquid inlet chamber 3 becomes larger so that the liquid inlet formed by the capsule 9 and the positive displacement pump casing 10 becomes deformable. The volume of the cavity 3 decreases, and the volume of the deformable capsule 9 in the hydraulic cavity 7 decreases, and the volume of the hydraulic cavity 7 formed by the deformable capsule 9 and the positive displacement pump casing 10 increases, and the 3-way flow of the liquid inlet cavity is completed. The liquid transmission of the pressure liquid chamber 7 and the liquid discharge work of the pressure liquid chamber 7 through the liquid outlet pipe 4 realize the working process of the volumetric pump driving the magnetic fluid by an electromagnet; the current changes by controlling the lower electromagnet 1 and the upper electromagnet 5 The magnetic field controls the deformation of the deformable capsule 9 that wraps the electromagnetic fluid 8 to realize the working cycle of the positive displacement pump.

Claims (3)

1. A volumetric pump using electromagnets to drive magnetic fluid, characterized in that: the volumetric pump consists of: a lower electromagnet (1), a liquid inlet pipe (2) or a liquid inlet (13), and a liquid inlet chamber (3) , liquid outlet pipe (4), upper electromagnet (5), liquid outlet (6), pressure liquid chamber (7), magnetic liquid (8), deformable capsule (9), positive displacement pump casing (10) , a liquid inlet check valve (11) or a liquid outlet check valve (12); the upper electromagnet (1) and the lower electromagnet (5) are symmetrically distributed directly above and directly below the displacement pump casing (10) , a changing magnetic field is produced after electrification; the volumetric pump housing (10) can be divided into upper and lower parts from the shape, and the lower part is wider than the upper part, and the cavity shape of the whole volumetric pump is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom; the deformable capsule (9 ) is connected to the positive displacement pump casing (10) at the bottom a of the positive displacement pump casing (10), thereby forming a liquid inlet chamber with the lower part of the positive displacement pump casing (10) and forming a pressure chamber with the upper part of the positive displacement pump casing (10). The liquid cavity (7); the magnetic liquid (8) is a sphere under the wrapping of the deformable capsule (9) when it is not subjected to electromagnetic force, and when the electromagnet is energized, a magnetic field is generated and the deformable capsule (9) is deformed into a flat shape An ellipsoid; the liquid inlet chamber (3) communicates with the pressure liquid chamber (7) when the deformable capsule (9) and the magnetic fluid (8) are not spherical under electromagnetic force, and the deformable capsule ( 9) Deformation seals the junction of the liquid inlet chamber (3) and the pressure liquid chamber (7); the liquid inlet chamber (3) sucks liquid through the liquid inlet pipe (2), and deforms in the deformable capsule (9) by electromagnetic action Press the liquid into the pressure liquid chamber (7); the pressure liquid chamber (7) is closed with the liquid inlet chamber (3) when the deformable capsule (9) and the magnetic liquid (8) are deformed, and the deformable capsule (9) ) is deformed by electromagnetic action, and the liquid in the pressure liquid chamber (7) is discharged through the liquid outlet (6) to the liquid outlet pipe (4); when the deformable capsule (9) returns to a spherical shape, it reconnects with the liquid inlet chamber ( 3) connected, and the liquid is continuously pumped from the liquid inlet pipe (2) to the liquid inlet chamber (3). the 2. A volumetric pump utilizing electromagnets to drive magnetic fluids according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electromagnets drives magnetic fluids volumetric pumps can additionally cancel the one-way valve at the liquid inlet, and the one-way valve The directional valve is installed at the liquid outlet, that is, the liquid outlet one-way valve (12) is installed at the liquid outlet (6), and the liquid inlet (13) is arranged when the deformable capsule (9) is spherical and the displacement pump The casing (10) just overlaps, and the number can be one or more; when the magnetic liquid (8) is wrapped in the deformable capsule (9) and is not subjected to electromagnetic force to form a sphere, the deformable capsule (9) The wrapped magnetic liquid (8) just seals the liquid inlet (13); and when it is affected by the electromagnetic field, the deformable capsule (9) wrapped magnetic liquid (8) is deformed into a prolate ellipse body, the liquid inlet (13) is opened to allow the liquid to enter the liquid inlet chamber (3); the upper electromagnet (5) and the lower electromagnet (1) symmetrically distributed on the positive displacement pump casing (10) are energized, and are equipped with magnetic The deformable capsule (9) of the liquid (8) is deformed into a prolate ellipsoid under the action of a magnetic field. At this time, the liquid inlet (13) opens the deformable capsule deformed into a prolate ellipsoid under the action of electromagnetic force (9) Seal the junction of the liquid inlet chamber (3) and the pressure liquid chamber (7), thereby separating the liquid inlet chamber (3) from the pressure liquid chamber (7). When the volume of the deformable capsule (9) decreases, the volume of the liquid inlet chamber (3) formed by the deformable capsule (9) and the positive displacement pump casing (10) increases, and the liquid inlet chamber (3) is inhaled through the liquid inlet (13) Liquid, while the volume of the deformable capsule (9) in the pressure liquid chamber (7) increases, the volume of the pressure liquid chamber (7) formed by the deformable capsule (9) and the positive displacement pump casing (10) shrinks, and the liquid comes out Open the one-way valve (12) to complete the suction process of the liquid inlet chamber (3) and the liquid discharge process of the liquid pressure chamber (7); when the current is zero, the electromagnetic force is zero, and the deformable seal that wraps the magnetic fluid (8) The capsule (9) returns to a sphere when it is not affected by the electromagnetic force. At this time, the liquid inlet (2) closes the liquid inlet chamber (3) and the pressure liquid chamber (7), and the liquid outlet one-way valve (12) is closed. At this time, the volume of the deformable capsule (9) in the liquid inlet chamber (3) becomes larger and the volume of the liquid inlet chamber (3) formed by the deformable capsule (9) and the positive displacement pump casing (10) decreases, and at the same time The volume of the deformable capsule (9) in the pressure liquid chamber (7) decreases, and the volume of the pressure liquid chamber (7) formed by the deformable capsule (9) and the displacement pump casing (10) increases, and the liquid inlet is completed. The liquid transmission from the cavity (3) to the pressure liquid cavity (7) and the liquid discharge of the pressure liquid cavity (7) through the liquid outlet pipe (4) realize the working process of the positive displacement pump of the magnetic fluid driven by the electromagnet; The current of the iron (1) and the upper electromagnet (5) produces a changing magnetic field, thereby controlling the deformation of the deformable capsule (9) wrapped in the electromagnetic fluid (8) to realize the working cycle of the positive displacement pump. the 3. A volumetric pump utilizing an electromagnet to drive a magnetic fluid according to claim 1 or 2, its technical feature is that: the magnetic fluid can also be a magnetic liquid metal; the electromagnet can be an alternating current, a pulse Power driven. the

Images