CN203568237U - Coal spontaneous combustion active preventing and controlling type coal bunker without energy consumption - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an active prevention and control type coal bunker with no energy consumption and natural ignition of coal, which includes a coal bunker. The inner wall of the coal bunker is provided with a plurality of grooves, and each groove is fixedly equipped with a hot rod, and the hot rod is equipped with a low boiling point worker. High-quality sealed metal tube, the hot rod is divided into an evaporation section and a condensation section, wherein the evaporation section is located in the groove and matches the shape of the groove, and the condensation section is exposed from the coal bunker. The utility model uses natural cold energy to cool down the coal bunker without consuming energy such as point energy; strengthens the heat dissipation of the coal bunker, destroys the heat storage environment, and prevents the spontaneous combustion of the coal bunker; the heat dissipation efficiency and heat transfer efficiency are high; the operating cost is low; the work is stable, reliable. The utility model provides an active prevention and control type coal bunker without energy consumption that has low storage and operating costs, can effectively dissipate heat from the coal body in the coal bunker, prevent spontaneous combustion of the coal bunker, save energy and protect the environment.

Description

Non-energy-consuming coal spontaneous combustion active prevention and control type coal bunker

technical field

The utility model relates to a coal spontaneous combustion prevention and control type coal bunker, in particular to a non-energy-consuming coal spontaneous combustion active prevention and control type coal bunker which uses a hot rod as a heat dissipation mechanism.

Background technique

As my country's main energy source, coal has ranked first in the world in both production and consumption for many years. There is a large amount of coal transfer, and the coal inventory remains high. There are a large number of coal bunkers in mines, coking plants, power plants and chemical plants. Spontaneous combustion of coal often occurs during the storage and transportation of coal, which produces a large amount of toxic and harmful gases, reduces the grade of coal, wastes resources, and pollutes the environment. The loose coal body inside the coal bunker has good heat storage conditions, the stored heat is large, it is difficult to release, the high temperature range is wide, and it is difficult to extinguish the fire. Especially during the shutdown or maintenance period of the enterprise, if the coal in the warehouse is not emptied or stays for too long, it is very easy to cause spontaneous combustion of the stored coal, which seriously threatens the safe production of the enterprise and causes huge losses.

The coal in the coal bunker contacts with air to undergo an oxidation reaction, resulting in heat accumulation. The rate of oxidation heat release is greater than the rate of heat dissipation, and the temperature continues to rise, eventually leading to spontaneous combustion. There are two key points in the process: one is the spontaneous generation of heat; the other is the gradual accumulation of heat. The raw coal in the coal bunker has a long process of spontaneous combustion, and the spontaneous combustion point is difficult to find, difficult to detect, difficult to control, and high risk of fire extinguishing. The current common prevention and control methods have many constraints. Completely sealing the coal bunker and extinguishing the fire with oxygen isolation is difficult to implement, the heat is difficult to release, the time is long, and it is easy to spontaneously ignite; the existing chemical inhibitor and colloid fire prevention technology affect the coal quality; water injection is easy to cause water gas explosion, oxidation and agglomeration It is difficult for water to flow into the interior of the coal pile, and the effect of fire extinguishing and cooling is not ideal; the cost of liquid CO ₂ and inert gas fire extinguishing is high, and the construction process is relatively complicated.

Utility model content

The utility model provides an active prevention and control type coal bunker without energy consumption that has low storage and operating costs, can effectively dissipate heat from the coal body in the coal bunker, prevent spontaneous combustion of the coal bunker, save energy and protect the environment.

The technical scheme of the utility model is:

A non-energy-consuming coal natural ignition active prevention and control type coal bunker, including the coal bunker, which is special in that: there are multiple grooves on the inner wall of the coal bunker, each groove is fixed with a hot rod, and the hot rod is equipped with a low The sealed metal tube of the boiling point working medium and the hot rod are divided into an evaporation section and a condensation section. The evaporation section is located in the groove and matches the shape of the groove, and the condensation section is exposed from the coal bunker.

The above-mentioned low-boiling working substance is water, acetone, methanol, ethanol or heptane.

The grooves above are rectangular parallelepiped grooves, and the evaporation section can be in direct contact with the coal stored in the coal bunker.

The above-mentioned hot rod is a hot rod whose working temperature ranges from 0 to 400°C. The length of the hot rod ranges from 10 to 30m. The grooves are distributed along the inner wall of the coal bunker along a ring, and the distance between the grooves ranges from 0.5 to 1.5m.

A fixing piece is provided at the junction of the evaporating section and the condensing section, and the fixing piece is fixedly connected with the coal bunker through threads.

The above-mentioned sealed metal tube is a sealed metal tube that has been evacuated. The condensation section is provided with a plurality of cooling fins or fins, and the top of the hot rod is provided with a lifting and clamping mechanism.

The surface of the heat sink or the fin is provided with an anti-corrosion layer, and the anti-corrosion layer is coated with a coating that reduces the absorption of solar radiation energy.

A monitoring mechanism is installed at the above condensation section, including a temperature measuring unit and cooling equipment.

Above-mentioned cooling equipment adopts blower fan.

Advantage of the utility model:

1. Use natural cold energy to cool down the coal bunker without consuming point energy and other energy; strengthen the heat dissipation of the coal bunker, destroy the heat storage environment, and prevent the spontaneous combustion of the coal bunker;

2. Low operating cost, easy to popularize and apply in chemical plants, coal power plants, coking plants and coal mines;

3. High heat dissipation efficiency and heat transfer efficiency; stable and reliable work, basically no maintenance after completion;

4. The internal temperature of the coal bunker can be monitored through the monitoring mechanism of the hot rod, and the spontaneous combustion position, degree and stage can be judged;

5. When the spontaneous combustion of the coal bunker is serious, it can cooperate with other fire prevention and extinguishing technologies to improve the effect of coal bunker fire control and shorten the treatment period.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a front view section of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the A direction view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the front section of the utility model heating rod.

Fig. 4 is the B direction view of Fig. 3;

Reference signs:

1-coal bunker; 2-hoisting frame holding mechanism; 3-radiating fin; 4-hot rod; 5-fixing piece.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the utility model provides an active prevention and control type coal bunker without energy consumption, including coal bunker 1. The coal bunker is a mixed structure of cement, steel, and cement steel, and its structural shape is basically the same , the upper part is square and cylindrical, and the lower part is in the shape of square cone, cone and hyperbola. There are multiple grooves on the inner wall of the coal bunker, and a hot rod 4 is fixed in each groove. The hot rod is equipped with a low boiling point The sealed metal pipe of the working fluid can be specifically made of a sealed steel pipe filled with working fluid after being evacuated. The hot rod is divided into an evaporating section and a condensing section, wherein the evaporating section is located in the groove and matches the shape of the groove, and the condensing section exposes the coal bunker and is located in the air outside the coal bunker.

The groove of the utility model is a rectangular parallelepiped groove, and the evaporation section can directly contact with the coal body stored in the coal bunker. The shape of the cross-section of the hot rod evaporation section is preferably rectangular, and the rectangular hot rod is used to fit the coal bunker wall more easily, which is convenient for installation and embedded in the groove; the rectangular hot rod can increase the contact area between the hot rod and the coal body in the coal bunker , enhance the cooling capacity.

The condensing section is provided with a plurality of cooling fins or fins for heat dissipation, and the material of the cooling fins or fins can be steel, aluminum, copper or light alloy materials, and the surface of the cooling fins 3 or fins is provided with an anti-corrosion layer , the anti-corrosion layer is coated with a coating that reduces the absorption of solar radiation energy,

For the convenience of construction, the top of the hot rod is provided with a hoisting and clamping mechanism 2 . For monitoring, there is a monitoring mechanism around the hot rod condensation section to monitor the temperature change and working status of the hot rod. The monitoring mechanism includes a temperature measurement unit and a cooling device; the use of the cooling device can strengthen the heat dissipation and cooling inside the coal bunker, and the cooling device can be used Fan, when the temperature measurement unit finds that the temperature in the coal bunker is high and the tendency of spontaneous combustion is serious, the fan can be turned on to strengthen the cooling effect of the heat rod, and the fan can be turned off at ordinary times.

A fixing piece 5 is arranged at the junction of the evaporation section and the condensation section of the heating rod, and the fixing piece is fixedly connected with the coal bunker through threads (such as bolts and nuts). There are various structural forms of the fixing parts, such as ring clamping or groove insertion on the top of the coal bunker, or fixing with a triangular plate on the top edge. The function of the fixing part is to position the hot rod on the coal bunker and play a fixed role. It can be tightened with bolts to fix the hot rod on the coal bunker to prevent loosening or falling off. It is also convenient when the hot rod is damaged or needs to be replaced when there is a problem. Disassemble.

The hot rod is a hot rod with a working temperature range of 0-400°C. The length of the hot rod can range from 10 to 30m. The grooves are distributed along the ring on the inner wall of the coal bunker. The distance between the grooves is 0.5-1.5m. It can be water, acetone , Methanol, ethanol, heptane or conduction heat A, etc.

When using the utility model, the temperature difference between the evaporation section and the condensation section of the hot rod provides power for the hot rod. Generally, the temperature at the evaporation section of the hot rod in the coal bunker is higher than the temperature of the air outside the coal bunker, and the working medium inside the hot rod absorbs The heat is evaporated into a gas, which rises to the condensation section under the action of the pressure difference, and contacts with the cooler tube wall to release the latent heat of vaporization to condense into a liquid. Under the action of gravity, the condensed working medium flows back to the evaporation section along the tube wall and then absorbs heat and evaporates . Such a reciprocating cycle can transfer and utilize the heat in the spontaneous combustion heat storage area of the coal bunker, thereby reducing the temperature of the coal body, accelerating the heat loss inside the coal bunker, destroying the heat storage environment, and preventing the coal bunker from spontaneous combustion.

Working process of the present utility model:

Generally, the internal temperature of the coal bunker is relatively high, and the autothermal oxidation temperature is at least 50°C higher than that of the air. The temperature difference between the inside and outside of the coal bunker is large, so the hot rod can start working completely, and the gas-liquid two-phase conversion convection cycle of the low boiling point working medium filled inside the hot rod is used. , the natural cold energy in the atmosphere is transmitted to the coal bunker, the hot rod continues to work, and the temperature of the coal bunker is reduced to achieve the purpose of using natural cold energy (enhanced heat dissipation) to cool the coal bunker, destroy the heat storage environment, and prevent the spontaneous combustion of the coal bunker . In addition, the coal bunkers are generally relatively high, and the environment of the coal bunkers of chemical plants, coal power plants, coking plants and coal mines and other enterprises usually has a relatively high wind speed, which is more conducive to the heat dissipation of the condensation section of the hot rod.

Claims (9)

1. An active prevention and control type coal bunker without energy consumption, including a coal bunker, characterized in that: the inner wall of the coal bunker is provided with a plurality of grooves, and each groove is fixed with a hot rod, and the hot rod is equipped with a low The sealed metal tube of the boiling point working medium and the hot rod are divided into an evaporation section and a condensation section. The evaporation section is located in the groove and matches the shape of the groove, and the condensation section is exposed from the coal bunker. 2. The non-energy-consuming coal spontaneous combustion active prevention and control type coal bunker according to claim 1, characterized in that: the low boiling point working medium is water, acetone, methanol, ethanol or heptane. 3. The non-energy-consuming coal spontaneous combustion active prevention and control type coal bunker according to claim 2, characterized in that: the groove is a cuboid groove, and the evaporation section and the coal stored in the coal bunker can be directly touch. 4. The non-energy-consuming coal spontaneous combustion active prevention and control type coal bunker according to claim 2, characterized in that: the hot rod is a hot rod with a working temperature range of 0-400°C, and the length of the hot rod is in the range of 10-400°C. 30m, the grooves are distributed along the ring on the inner wall of the coal bunker, and the distance between the grooves ranges from 0.5 to 1.5m. 5. According to claim 2, 3 or 4, the non-energy-consuming coal spontaneous combustion active prevention and control type coal bunker is characterized in that: a fixing piece is provided at the junction of the evaporating section and the condensing section, and the fixing piece is connected to the coal through threads. The warehouse is fixedly connected. 6. The non-energy-consuming coal spontaneous combustion active prevention and control type coal bunker according to claim 5, characterized in that: the sealed metal tube is a vacuum-pumped sealed metal tube, and a plurality of cooling fins or fins are arranged on the condensation section The top of the hot rod is equipped with a lifting clamping mechanism. 7. The non-energy-consuming coal spontaneous combustion active prevention and control type coal bunker according to claim 6, characterized in that: the surface of the heat sink or the fin is provided with an anti-corrosion layer, and the anti-corrosion layer is coated with a coating to reduce the absorption of solar radiation energy. coating. 8. The non-energy-consuming coal spontaneous combustion active prevention and control type coal bunker according to claim 7, characterized in that: a monitoring mechanism is installed at the condensation section, including a temperature measuring unit and cooling equipment. 9. The non-energy-consuming coal spontaneous combustion active prevention and control type coal bunker according to claim 8, characterized in that: the cooling device adopts a fan.

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