CN203534846U - Motor multiparameter real-time data acquisition system - Google Patents
Motor multiparameter real-time data acquisition system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种电机多参数实时数据采集系统,属于电机检测技术领域。本实用新型的电机多参数实时数据采集系统,在电机的机壳上设有若干连接到振动信号调理电路上的振动传感器;在电机的电路接线板上连接有三相电路,其中三相电路上分别设有连接到电流信号调理电路上的电流互感器;在电机的绕组边缘设有若干个连接到温度信号调理电路上的温度传感器;其中振动信号调理电路、电流信号调理电路和温度信号调理电路连接于数据采集卡上,所述数据采集卡连接于计算机上。本实用新型的电机多参数实时数据采集系统,不仅能实时监测振动、电流、温度信号,而且能把这些数据传送到上位机,为电机故障诊断和健康状况评估提供依据。
The utility model discloses a motor multi-parameter real-time data acquisition system, which belongs to the technical field of motor detection. The motor multi-parameter real-time data acquisition system of the utility model is provided with a plurality of vibration sensors connected to the vibration signal conditioning circuit on the motor casing; a three-phase circuit is connected to the circuit wiring board of the motor, wherein the three-phase circuits are respectively There is a current transformer connected to the current signal conditioning circuit; there are several temperature sensors connected to the temperature signal conditioning circuit on the edge of the motor winding; the vibration signal conditioning circuit, the current signal conditioning circuit and the temperature signal conditioning circuit are connected On the data acquisition card, the data acquisition card is connected to the computer. The motor multi-parameter real-time data acquisition system of the utility model can not only monitor the vibration, current and temperature signals in real time, but also transmit these data to the upper computer to provide a basis for motor fault diagnosis and health status evaluation.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型涉及电机多参数实时数据采集系统,通过数据采集卡,能把反映电机运行状况的振动、电流和温度信号实时采集到计算机,为后续的电机故障诊断和健康性能评估提供依据。 The utility model relates to a multi-parameter real-time data acquisition system for a motor. Via a data acquisition card, the vibration, current and temperature signals reflecting the operating condition of the motor can be collected to a computer in real time to provide a basis for subsequent motor fault diagnosis and health performance evaluation.
背景技术 Background technique
电机某一部件出现故障时,在振动、温度、电流等特征量中都会有所体现,综合各种不同传感器的数据信息进行分析和诊断有助于提高诊断准确率和诊断系统的鲁棒性。 When a component of the motor fails, it will be reflected in the characteristic quantities such as vibration, temperature, and current. Analyzing and diagnosing the data information of various sensors can help improve the diagnostic accuracy and the robustness of the diagnostic system.
选择电机故障诊断中最常见的三类信号:振动信号、电流信号、温度信号。这三类信号单独或其组合反映电机转子不平衡、偏心、磨损、轴承故障、笼型绕组的断条、匝间短路、绕组过热、铁心过热等电机常见故障。在电机运行的正常态和故障态分别测取空载,半载,全负载三种情况下的振动信号、定子电流信号以及温度信号,利用这些数据就能实现电机健康性能评估和故障诊断。 Select the three most common types of signals in motor fault diagnosis: vibration signals, current signals, and temperature signals. These three types of signals alone or in combination reflect common motor faults such as motor rotor imbalance, eccentricity, wear, bearing faults, broken bars of cage windings, inter-turn short circuits, winding overheating, and iron core overheating. In the normal state and fault state of motor operation, the vibration signal, stator current signal and temperature signal are respectively measured under three conditions of no-load, half-load and full load. Using these data, the health performance evaluation and fault diagnosis of the motor can be realized.
现有的电机多参数测试仪只能将测试参数通过波形、指针或数字的形式显示在仪表上,或者将故障代码显示出来。无论哪种情况,研究人员都无法获得实时的电机运行数据,从而进行下一步的信息处理和分析。 Existing motor multi-parameter testers can only display test parameters on the instrument in the form of waveforms, pointers or numbers, or display fault codes. In either case, researchers cannot obtain real-time motor operation data for further information processing and analysis.
实用新型内容 Utility model content
为了克服现有电机多参数测试仪只能将测试参数通过波形、指针、数字或故障代码的形式显示在仪表上,而不能将测试数据实时传送到计算机上的不足,本实用新型提供一种电机多参数实时数据采集系统,该系统不仅能实时监测振动、温度、电流信号,而且能把这些数据传送到上位机,为电机故障诊断和健康状况评估提供依据。 In order to overcome the deficiency that the existing motor multi-parameter tester can only display the test parameters on the instrument in the form of waveform, pointer, number or fault code, but cannot transmit the test data to the computer in real time, the utility model provides a motor Multi-parameter real-time data acquisition system, which can not only monitor vibration, temperature, and current signals in real time, but also transmit these data to the host computer to provide basis for motor fault diagnosis and health status assessment.
本实用新型解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是: The technical scheme that the utility model solves its technical problem adopts is:
本实用新型的电机多参数实时数据采集系统,在电机的机壳上设有若干连接到振动信号调理电路上的振动传感器;在电机的电路接线板上连接有三相电路,其中三相电路上分别设有连接到电流信号调理电路上的电流互感器;在电机的绕组边缘设有若干个连接到温度信号调理电路上的温度传感器;其中振动信号调理电路、电流信号调理电路和温度信号调理电路连接于数据采集卡上,所述数据采集卡连接于计算机上。 The motor multi-parameter real-time data acquisition system of the utility model is provided with a plurality of vibration sensors connected to the vibration signal conditioning circuit on the motor casing; a three-phase circuit is connected to the circuit wiring board of the motor, wherein the three-phase circuits are respectively There is a current transformer connected to the current signal conditioning circuit; there are several temperature sensors connected to the temperature signal conditioning circuit on the edge of the motor winding; the vibration signal conditioning circuit, the current signal conditioning circuit and the temperature signal conditioning circuit are connected On the data acquisition card, the data acquisition card is connected to the computer.
由于采用了上述结构,电机选用Y160M2-2,额定功率为15kw、额定转速为2930r/min、额定电压为AC380V,额定电流为29A。振动信号测量采用ZRCD-21监视用速度传感器,安装在电机机壳的侧面和顶面,用螺丝固定,水平测点和垂直测点呈90°夹角,分别采集水平方向和垂直方向的原始振动信号。电流信号检测采用LMK-0.66测量用电流互感器,安装在电源进线一侧,分别测量U、V、W三相定子电流信号。LMK-0.66测量用电流互感器电流比800:5,容量10VA,精度0.5级。温度信号测量采用铂电阻pt100,测温范围-50℃~+850℃,测温精度<0.5℃,分辨率0.1℃。铂电阻pt100预埋在绕组与机壳的空隙处,圆周上等间隔处安装4个pt100,在机壳上钻一个孔引出4个电阻进行温度测量。本实用新型的电机多参数实时数据采集系统基于LABVIEW、数据采集卡、传感器、信号调理电路实现电机振动、定子电流、绕组温度三类参数的实时数据采集;利用ZRCD-21监视用速度传感器、LMK-0.66测量用电流互感器、Pt100铂电阻分别测量Y160M2-2型三相异步电动机的机壳振动、定子相电流、绕组温度。通过信号调理电路转换成电压信号,接入数据采集卡USB-DMP609,经过USB连接至上位机,利用虚拟仪器LABVIEW在计算机上显示信号随时间变化曲线,并实时保存采集数据,信号时间长度和采样频率用户自己设定。本实用新型的电机多参数实时数据采集系统,不仅能实时监测振动、电流、温度信号,而且能把这些数据传送到上位机,为电机故障诊断和健康状况评估提供依据。 Due to the adoption of the above structure, the motor is Y160M2-2, with a rated power of 15kw, a rated speed of 2930r/min, a rated voltage of AC380V, and a rated current of 29A. Vibration signal measurement adopts ZRCD-21 monitoring speed sensor, which is installed on the side and top surface of the motor casing and fixed with screws. The horizontal measuring point and the vertical measuring point are at an angle of 90°, and the original vibration in the horizontal direction and vertical direction is collected respectively. Signal. The current signal detection adopts LMK-0.66 measuring current transformer, which is installed on the side of the power supply line, and measures U, V, W three-phase stator current signals respectively. LMK-0.66 measuring current transformer has a current ratio of 800:5, a capacity of 10VA, and an accuracy of 0.5. The temperature signal measurement adopts platinum resistance pt100, the temperature measurement range is -50°C ~ +850°C, the temperature measurement accuracy is <0.5°C, and the resolution is 0.1°C. The platinum resistance pt100 is pre-buried in the gap between the winding and the casing, and four pt100s are installed at equal intervals on the circumference, and a hole is drilled on the casing to lead out four resistors for temperature measurement. The motor multi-parameter real-time data acquisition system of the utility model is based on LABVIEW, data acquisition card, sensor, and signal conditioning circuit to realize real-time data acquisition of three types of parameters: motor vibration, stator current, and winding temperature; use ZRCD-21 speed sensor for monitoring, LMK -0.66 Use a current transformer and a Pt100 platinum resistor to measure the casing vibration, stator phase current, and winding temperature of the Y160M2-2 three-phase asynchronous motor respectively. Convert it into a voltage signal through the signal conditioning circuit, connect it to the data acquisition card USB-DMP609, connect it to the host computer through the USB, use the virtual instrument LABVIEW to display the curve of the signal changing with time on the computer, and save the collected data, signal time length and sampling in real time The frequency is set by the user. The motor multi-parameter real-time data acquisition system of the utility model can not only monitor the vibration, current and temperature signals in real time, but also transmit these data to the upper computer to provide a basis for motor fault diagnosis and health status evaluation.
本实用新型的电机多参数实时数据采集系统,所述振动传感器包括设于电机机壳的侧面上检测水平方向振动的第一振动传感器、以及设于电机机壳顶面上检测垂直方向振动的第二振动传感器;其中所述第一振动传感器的测点与第二振动传感器的测点之间呈90°夹角,所述第一振动传感器与第二振动传感器分别通过振动信号调理电路连接到数据采集卡上。 In the motor multi-parameter real-time data acquisition system of the present utility model, the vibration sensor includes a first vibration sensor arranged on the side of the motor casing to detect vibration in the horizontal direction, and a first vibration sensor arranged on the top surface of the motor casing to detect vertical vibration Two vibration sensors; wherein the measuring point of the first vibration sensor and the measuring point of the second vibration sensor are at an angle of 90 °, and the first vibration sensor and the second vibration sensor are respectively connected to the data through a vibration signal conditioning circuit capture card.
由于采用了上述结构,振动信号测量采用ZRCD-21监视用振动传感器,其中分别为设于电机机壳的侧面上检测水平方向振动的第一振动传感器、以及设于电机机壳顶面上检测垂直方向振动的第二振动传感器;水平方向振动传感器和垂直方向振动传感器均用螺丝固定在电机的机壳上,信号端由四芯航空插头引出,由于振动传感器的输出信号为电压信号,因此振动传感器的输出信号可以视实际情况选取或者不选取振动信号调理电路。本专利所述的电机多参数实时数据采集系统在实际应用中,如果对一些功率较小的电机进行数据采集,其工作时,电机振动幅度较小,振动传感器输出的电压信号可能是毫伏级的,就需要放大电路(即振动信号调理电路),考虑到本实用专利的实用性和普遍性,在电机多参数实时数据采集系统的整体结构图中增加一个振动信号调理电路,即布置一个可调增益放大器,将微弱的电压信号放大到伏级。本实用新型采用的Y160M2-2型三相异步电动机,其功率达到15kw,工作时振动幅度大,振动传感器的输出信号可以达到1V左右,出现故障时更大。因此本实用新型可以不需要通过振动信号调理电路就可将振动传感器输出信号直接连接到数据采集卡上。在垂直方向和水平方向的振动传感器的引脚直接连接在信号采集卡的模拟量输入端AIN1和AIN2,引脚共地接数据采集卡引脚17~19,ZRCD-21的频率响应范围为10~1000HZ,对应电机转速600~6000r/min,其灵敏度为280mv/cm/s。该系统不仅能实时监测振动信号,而且能把这些数据传送到上位机,为电机故障诊断和健康状况评估提供依据。 Due to the adoption of the above structure, the vibration signal measurement adopts the ZRCD-21 monitoring vibration sensor, which is the first vibration sensor installed on the side of the motor casing to detect the vibration in the horizontal direction, and the first vibration sensor installed on the top surface of the motor casing to detect the vertical vibration. The second vibration sensor of directional vibration; the horizontal direction vibration sensor and the vertical direction vibration sensor are fixed on the casing of the motor with screws, and the signal end is drawn out by a four-core aviation plug. Since the output signal of the vibration sensor is a voltage signal, the vibration sensor The output signal of the vibration signal conditioning circuit can be selected or not selected according to the actual situation. In the practical application of the motor multi-parameter real-time data acquisition system described in this patent, if some motors with small power are used for data collection, the vibration amplitude of the motor is small when it is working, and the voltage signal output by the vibration sensor may be at the millivolt level Therefore, an amplifying circuit (vibration signal conditioning circuit) is required. Considering the practicability and universality of this utility patent, a vibration signal conditioning circuit is added to the overall structure diagram of the motor multi-parameter real-time data acquisition system, that is, a vibrating signal conditioning circuit is arranged. Adjust the gain amplifier to amplify the weak voltage signal to the volt level. The Y160M2-2 type three-phase asynchronous motor adopted in the utility model has a power of 15kw, and the vibration amplitude is large during operation, and the output signal of the vibration sensor can reach about 1V, which is larger when a fault occurs. Therefore, the utility model can directly connect the output signal of the vibration sensor to the data acquisition card without going through the vibration signal conditioning circuit. The pins of the vibration sensor in the vertical and horizontal directions are directly connected to the analog input terminals AIN1 and AIN2 of the signal acquisition card, and the pins are connected to the pins 17-19 of the data acquisition card. The frequency response range of ZRCD-21 is 10 ~1000HZ, corresponding to motor speed 600~6000r/min, its sensitivity is 280mv/cm/s. The system can not only monitor vibration signals in real time, but also transmit these data to the host computer to provide basis for motor fault diagnosis and health status assessment.
本实用新型的电机多参数实时数据采集系统,在电机的定子侧通过电路接线板连接于三相电路上,其中每相电路上均设有电流互感器,三个电流互感器分别通过电流信号调理电路连接到数据采集卡上,其中电流信号调理电路内设置的电阻分别与每个电流互感器串联。 The motor multi-parameter real-time data acquisition system of the utility model is connected to the three-phase circuit through the circuit wiring board on the stator side of the motor, wherein each phase circuit is equipped with a current transformer, and the three current transformers are respectively adjusted by current signals. The circuit is connected to the data acquisition card, wherein the resistors set in the current signal conditioning circuit are respectively connected in series with each current transformer.
由于采用了上述结构,定子电流信号检测采用LMK-0.66测量用电流互感器,电流比800:5,安装在电源进线一侧,分别测量U、V、W三相定子电流信号。由于数据采集卡的输入信号为-5~+5v,因此,需要把电流信号转换为电压信号,在LMK-0.66测量用的电流互感器的输出端分别连接一个10Ω电阻;由LMK-0.66的电流比和电流信号调理电路可知,可测定子电流的范围为0~80A,即使考虑启动电流、过载电流等因素,也完全满足该电机定子电流的测量要求。三个10Ω电阻共地,其共地端接数据采集卡的引脚17~19,三个10Ω电阻的另一端分别接数据采集卡的模拟量输入端AIN3、AIN4和AIN5。使得该系统不仅能实时监测电流信号,而且能把这些数据传送到上位机,为电机故障诊断和健康状况评估提供依据。 Due to the adoption of the above structure, the stator current signal detection adopts LMK-0.66 measuring current transformer with a current ratio of 800:5, which is installed on the side of the power supply line to measure U, V, W three-phase stator current signals respectively. Since the input signal of the data acquisition card is -5~+5v, it is necessary to convert the current signal into a voltage signal, and connect a 10Ω resistor to the output end of the current transformer used for LMK-0.66 measurement; the current of LMK-0.66 It can be seen from the ratio sum current signal conditioning circuit that the range of the measurable stator current is 0-80A, even considering the starting current, overload current and other factors, it can fully meet the measurement requirements of the motor stator current. The three 10Ω resistors share the ground, and the common ground is connected to the pins 17-19 of the data acquisition card, and the other ends of the three 10Ω resistors are respectively connected to the analog input terminals AIN3, AIN4 and AIN5 of the data acquisition card. The system can not only monitor the current signal in real time, but also transmit the data to the host computer, providing the basis for motor fault diagnosis and health status evaluation.
本实用新型的电机多参数实时数据采集系统,温度传感器为四个均布于电机圆周方向上的铂电阻,使相邻的两个铂电阻之间呈90°夹角,所述铂电阻预埋于电机绕组与机壳的空隙处,四个铂电阻分别通过温度信号调理电路连接到数据采集卡上,其中温度信号调理电路内设置的电阻分别与每个铂电阻串联。 In the motor multi-parameter real-time data acquisition system of the present utility model, the temperature sensors are four platinum resistors evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the motor, so that an angle of 90° is formed between two adjacent platinum resistors, and the platinum resistors are pre-buried At the gap between the motor winding and the casing, four platinum resistors are respectively connected to the data acquisition card through a temperature signal conditioning circuit, wherein the resistors set in the temperature signal conditioning circuit are connected in series with each platinum resistor.
由于采用了上述结构,温度信号测量采用四个铂电阻pt100,铂电阻pt100预埋在绕组与机壳的空隙处,圆周上等间隔安装4个,在机壳上钻一个孔引出铂电阻pt100,分别与4个100Ω的电阻串联,加5v电压,该调理电路将电机绕组温度变化转换为铂电阻pt100两端的电压信号,从而进行温度测量。温度信号调理电路中温度和电阻之间的关系满足式(1)。 Due to the adoption of the above structure, four platinum resistors pt100 are used for temperature signal measurement. The platinum resistors pt100 are pre-buried in the gap between the winding and the casing, and 4 are installed at equal intervals on the circumference. A hole is drilled on the casing to lead out the platinum resistor pt100. They are respectively connected in series with four 100Ω resistors, and a voltage of 5v is applied. The conditioning circuit converts the temperature change of the motor winding into a voltage signal at both ends of the platinum resistor pt100, thereby measuring the temperature. The relationship between temperature and resistance in the temperature signal conditioning circuit satisfies formula (1).
R t =R 0 (1+3.9083*10-3*t-5.775*10-7*t 2) (1) R t = R 0 (1+3.9083*10 -3 * t -5.775*10 -7 * t 2 ) (1)
式(1)中R 0 为铂电阻在0℃的电阻值,R 0 =100Ω。电动机绕组的温度,根据绝缘材料的耐热等级,最高运行温度为H级的180℃,铂电阻可达168.46Ω。通过温度信号调理电路,铂电阻pt100的分压正端分别接入数据采集卡的模拟量输入端AIN6、AIN7、AIN8和AIN9;电压负端共地,接数据采集卡的引脚17~19。则热电阻在温度t时的电阻与分压v i 之间的关系满足式(2)。 In formula (1), R 0 is the resistance value of the platinum resistor at 0°C, R 0 =100Ω. The temperature of the motor winding, according to the heat resistance grade of the insulating material, the maximum operating temperature is 180°C of H grade, and the platinum resistance can reach 168.46Ω. Through the temperature signal conditioning circuit, the positive terminals of the platinum resistance pt100 are respectively connected to the analog input terminals AIN6, AIN7, AIN8 and AIN9 of the data acquisition card; Then the relationship between the resistance of the thermal resistance at temperature t and the divided voltage v i satisfies the formula (2).
R t =100*v i / (5- v i ) (2) R t =100* v i / (5- v i ) (2)
式(2)中为铂电阻两端的分压,数据采集卡采集该分压后,代入式(2)计算出铂电阻pt100在温度t时的电阻值,代入式(1)计算温度;式(1)和式(2)通过LABVIEW中的公式节点,计算之后能在电机多参数实时数据采集系统的前面板上直接以温度值显示。该系统不仅能实时监测温度信号,而且能把这些数据传送到上位机,为电机故障诊断和健康状况评估提供依据。 Formula (2) is the partial pressure at both ends of the platinum resistor. After the data acquisition card collects the partial pressure, it is substituted into formula (2) to calculate the resistance value of platinum resistor pt100 at temperature t , and then substituted into formula (1) to calculate the temperature; formula ( 1) and formula (2) can be directly displayed as temperature values on the front panel of the motor multi-parameter real-time data acquisition system after calculation through the formula node in LABVIEW. The system can not only monitor the temperature signal in real time, but also transmit the data to the host computer to provide the basis for motor fault diagnosis and health status assessment.
综上所述,由于采用了上述技术方案,本实用新型的有益效果有一下两点。 In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the utility model has the following two beneficial effects.
1、 本实用新型的电机多参数实时数据采集系统,不仅能实时监测振动、电流、温度信号,而且能把这些数据传送到上位机,通过LABVIEW的界面可以直观的观察电机的当前运行状况。 1. The motor multi-parameter real-time data acquisition system of the present utility model can not only monitor vibration, current and temperature signals in real time, but also transmit these data to the host computer. Through the interface of LABVIEW, the current operation status of the motor can be intuitively observed.
2、 本实用新型的电机多参数实时数据采集系统,采集的数据可以实时保存在计算机硬盘上,以便用于与电机相关的运行状况分析,也可以在此基础上开展电机在线故障诊断和健康性能评估等研究。 2. The multi-parameter real-time data acquisition system of the motor of the present utility model can store the collected data on the hard disk of the computer in real time, so as to be used for the analysis of the operating conditions related to the motor, and can also carry out online fault diagnosis and health performance of the motor on this basis evaluation and other studies.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型的电机多参数实时数据采集系统的整体结构图。 Fig. 1 is the overall structural diagram of the motor multi-parameter real-time data acquisition system of the present invention.
图2是图1中振动传感器布点及其与数据采集卡的接线图。 Figure 2 is a wiring diagram of the vibration sensor layout and the data acquisition card in Figure 1.
图3是图1中电流传感器布点、转换电路及其与数据采集卡的接线图。 Figure 3 is the wiring diagram of current sensor layout, conversion circuit and data acquisition card in Figure 1.
图4是图1中温度传感器布点、转换电路及其与数据采集卡的接线图。 Figure 4 is a wiring diagram of temperature sensor layout, conversion circuit and data acquisition card in Figure 1.
图5是图1所示电机多参数实时数据采集系统的软件设计流程图。 Fig. 5 is a flow chart of software design of the multi-parameter real-time data acquisition system of the motor shown in Fig. 1 .
图中标记:1-电机,2-数据采集卡,3-计算机,4-第一铂电阻,5-第二铂电阻,6-第三铂电阻,7-第四铂电阻,8-温度信号调理电路,9-振动信号调理电路,10-电路信号调理电路,11-第一振动传感器,12-第二振动传感器,13-第一电流互感器,14-第二电流互感器,15-第三电流互感器,16-电路接线板,17-USB数据线,18-第一电阻,19-第二电阻,20-第三电阻,21-第四电阻,22-第五电阻,23-第六电阻,24-第七电阻。 Marks in the figure: 1-motor, 2-data acquisition card, 3-computer, 4-first platinum resistance, 5-second platinum resistance, 6-third platinum resistance, 7-fourth platinum resistance, 8-temperature signal Conditioning circuit, 9-vibration signal conditioning circuit, 10-circuit signal conditioning circuit, 11-first vibration sensor, 12-second vibration sensor, 13-first current transformer, 14-second current transformer, 15-the first Three current transformers, 16-circuit wiring board, 17-USB data line, 18-first resistor, 19-second resistor, 20-third resistor, 21-fourth resistor, 22-fifth resistor, 23-the first Six resistors, 24-seventh resistor.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图,对本实用新型作详细的说明。 Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in detail.
为了使本实用新型的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本实用新型进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本实用新型,并不用于限定本实用新型。 In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model, and are not intended to limit the utility model.
如图1至图5所示,本实用新型的电机多参数实时数据采集系统,在电机1的机壳上设有若干连接到振动信号调理电路9上的振动传感器,其中所述振动传感器包括设于电机1机壳的侧面上检测水平方向振动的第一振动传感器11、以及设于电机1机壳顶面上检测垂直方向振动的第二振动传感器12;其中所述第一振动传感器11的测点与第二振动传感器12的测点之间呈90°夹角,所述第一振动传感器11与第二振动传感器12分别通过振动信号调理电路9连接到数据采集卡2上;在电机1的定子通过电路接线板16连接于三相电路上,其中每相电路上均设有电流互感器,三个电流互感器分别为第一电流互感器13、第二电流互感器14和第三电流互感器15,三个电流互感器分别通过电流信号调理电路10连接到数据采集卡2上,其中电流信号调理电路10内设置的电阻分别与每个电流互感器串联;在电机1的绕组边缘设有若干个连接到温度信号调理电路8上的温度传感器;其中温度传感器为四个均布于电机1圆周方向上的铂电阻,具体为第一铂电阻4、第二铂电阻5、第三铂电阻6和第四铂电阻7,其中任意两个相邻的两个铂电阻之间呈90°夹角,所述铂电阻预埋于电机1绕组与机壳的空隙处,四个铂电阻分别通过温度信号调理电路8连接到数据采集卡2上,其中温度信号调理电路8内设置的电阻分别与每个铂电阻串联;其中振动信号调理电路9、电路信号调理电路10和温度信号调理电路8连接于数据采集卡2上,所述数据采集卡2通过USB数据线17连接于计算机3上,其中计算机3作为上位机,利用虚拟仪器LABVIEW显示信号随时间变化曲线,并保存实时采集数据,信号时间长度和采样频率用户自己设定。 As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the motor multi-parameter real-time data acquisition system of the present invention is provided with several vibration sensors connected to the vibration signal conditioning circuit 9 on the casing of the motor 1, wherein the vibration sensors include a set The first vibration sensor 11 that detects horizontal direction vibration on the side surface of motor 1 casing, and the second vibration sensor 12 that detects vertical direction vibration that is located on the top surface of motor 1 casing; Wherein the measurement of the first vibration sensor 11 Point and the measuring point of the second vibration sensor 12 are at an angle of 90 °, and the first vibration sensor 11 and the second vibration sensor 12 are connected to the data acquisition card 2 by the vibration signal conditioning circuit 9 respectively; The stator is connected to the three-phase circuit through the circuit terminal board 16, wherein each phase circuit is provided with a current transformer, and the three current transformers are respectively the first current transformer 13, the second current transformer 14 and the third current transformer device 15, three current transformers are respectively connected to the data acquisition card 2 through the current signal conditioning circuit 10, wherein the resistance provided in the current signal conditioning circuit 10 is connected in series with each current transformer respectively; A number of temperature sensors connected to the temperature signal conditioning circuit 8; wherein the temperature sensors are four platinum resistors evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the motor 1, specifically the first platinum resistor 4, the second platinum resistor 5, and the third platinum resistor 6 and the fourth platinum resistor 7, wherein any two adjacent platinum resistors form an angle of 90°, the platinum resistors are embedded in the gap between the winding of the motor 1 and the casing, and the four platinum resistors respectively pass through The temperature signal conditioning circuit 8 is connected to the data acquisition card 2, wherein the resistors provided in the temperature signal conditioning circuit 8 are respectively connected in series with each platinum resistor; wherein the vibration signal conditioning circuit 9, the circuit signal conditioning circuit 10 and the temperature signal conditioning circuit 8 are connected On the data acquisition card 2, the data acquisition card 2 is connected to the computer 3 by the USB data line 17, wherein the computer 3 is used as the upper computer, utilizes the virtual instrument LABVIEW to display the signal change curve with time, and saves the real-time acquisition data, signal time The length and sampling frequency are set by the user.
本实用新型的电机多参数实时数据采集系统,电机1选用Y160M2-2,额定功率为15kw、额定转速为2930r/min、额定电压为AC380V,额定电流为29A。振动信号测量采用ZRCD-21监视用速度传感器11和12,安装在电机机壳的侧面和顶面,用螺丝固定,水平测点和垂直测点呈90°夹角,分别采集水平方向和垂直方向的原始振动信号。温度信号测量采用铂电阻pt100,测温范围-50℃~+850℃,测温精度<0.5℃,分辨率0.1℃。铂电阻pt100预埋在绕组与机壳的空隙处,圆周上等间隔处安装4个铂电阻pt100,在机壳上钻一个孔引出4个电阻进行温度测量。电流信号检测采用LMK-0.66测量用电流互感器13、14和15,安装在电源进线一侧,分别测量U、V、W三相定子电流信号。LMK-0.66测量用电流互感器电流比800:5,容量10VA,精度0.5级。
In the motor multi-parameter real-time data acquisition system of the utility model, the motor 1 is Y160M2-2, the rated power is 15kw, the rated speed is 2930r/min, the rated voltage is AC380V, and the rated current is 29A. Vibration signal measurement adopts ZRCD-21
振动信号测量采用ZRCD-21监视用速度传感器,如图2所示。水平方向的第一振动传感器11和垂直方向的第二振动传感器12均用螺丝固定在电机1的机壳上,信号端由四芯航空插头引出。由于振动传感器的输出为标准电压信号,故振动传感器不需要信号调理电路直接与数据采集卡2相连。垂直方向和水平方向振动传感器的引脚1直接连接在信号采集卡2的模拟量输入端AIN1和AIN2,引脚4共地接数据采集卡2引脚17~19。ZRCD-21的频率响应范围为10~1000HZ,对应电机转速600~6000r/min,其灵敏度为280mv/cm/s。
Vibration signal measurement adopts ZRCD-21 speed sensor for monitoring, as shown in Figure 2. The
如图3所示,定子电流信号检测采用LMK-0.66测量用电流互感器,分别为第一电流互感器13、第二电流互感器14和第三电流互感器15,电流比800:5。安装在电源进线一侧,分别测量U、V、W三相定子电流信号。由于数据采集卡2的输入信号为-5~+5v,因此,需要把电流信号转换为电压信号,在LMK-0.66测量用电流互感器13、14和15的输出端分别连接一个10Ω电阻18、19和20。由LMK-0.66的电流比和信号调理电路可知,可测定子电流的范围为0~80A。即使考虑启动电流、过载电流等因素,也完全满足该电机定子电流的测量要求。三个10Ω电阻18、19和20一端共地,其共地端接数据采集卡2的引脚17~19,三个10Ω电阻18、19和20的另一端分别接数据采集卡2的模拟量输入端AIN3、AIN4和AIN5。
As shown in Figure 3, the stator current signal detection uses LMK-0.66 measuring current transformers, which are the first
如图4所示,温度信号测量采用四个铂电阻pt100,分别为第一铂电阻4、第二铂电阻5、第三铂电阻6和第四铂电阻7,铂电阻pt100预埋在绕组与机壳的空隙处,圆周上等间隔安装4个,在机壳上钻一个孔引出铂电阻pt100,使得每个pt100铂电阻分别与一个100Ω的电阻串联,加5v电压,该电阻将pt100的电阻变化转换为pt100两端的电压变化,从而进行温度测量。 As shown in Figure 4, four platinum resistors pt100 are used for temperature signal measurement, which are the first platinum resistor 4, the second platinum resistor 5, the third platinum resistor 6 and the fourth platinum resistor 7. The platinum resistor pt100 is embedded in the winding and In the gap of the case, install 4 at equal intervals on the circumference. Drill a hole on the case to lead out the platinum resistance pt100, so that each pt100 platinum resistance is connected in series with a 100Ω resistor, and a 5v voltage is applied to the resistance of the pt100. The change is converted to a change in voltage across the pt100, allowing for temperature measurement.
其中温度信号测量采用Pt100 铂电阻,在温度和电阻之间的关系满足1。 The temperature signal is measured using a Pt100 platinum resistance, and the relationship between temperature and resistance satisfies 1.
R t =R 0 (1+3.9083*10 -3 *t-5.775*10 -7 *t 2 ) (1) R t =R 0 (1+3.9083*10 -3 *t-5.775*10 -7 *t 2 ) (1)
式1中R 0 为铂电阻在0℃的电阻值,R 0 =100Ω。电动机绕组的温度,根据绝缘材料的耐热等级,最高运行温度为H级的180℃,铂电阻可达168.46Ω。Pt100 铂电阻可采用图4所示的转换电路。四个Pt100 铂电阻的分压正端分别接入数据采集卡2的模拟量输入端AIN6、AIN7、AIN8和AIN9;电压负端共地,接数据采集卡2的引脚17~19。则热电阻在温度t时的电阻与分压v i 之间的关系满足式2。
In formula 1, R 0 is the resistance value of the platinum resistor at 0°C, and R 0 =100Ω. The temperature of the motor winding, according to the heat resistance grade of the insulating material, the maximum operating temperature is 180°C of H grade, and the platinum resistance can reach 168.46Ω. Pt100 platinum resistance can use the conversion circuit shown in Figure 4. The positive terminals of the four Pt100 platinum resistors are respectively connected to the analog input terminals AIN6, AIN7, AIN8 and AIN9 of the
R t =100*v i / (5- v i ) (2) R t =100*v i / (5- v i ) (2)
式2中为铂电阻两端的分压,数据采集卡2采集该分压后,代入式2计算出pt100在温度t时的电阻值,代入式1计算温度。式1和式2通过LABVIEW中的公式节点,计算之后能在电机多参数实时数据采集系统的前面板上直接以温度值显示。
数据采集系统包含USB-DMP609数据采集卡2和计算机3,通过USB数据线17将数据采集卡2连接到计算机3。虚拟仪器LABVIEW显示振动、电流、温度信号随时间变化曲线或数值,并保存采集数据。
The data acquisition system includes a USB-DMP609
数据采集卡USB-DMP6092是一款USB2.0总线16位A/D数据采集卡,具有16路单端模拟输入,内置程控增益控制,板载FIFO存储系统,可进行设定点数或循环采集的内部时钟触发高速连续采样最高采样频率达250KHz,全部工作在软件设置模式、二路12位D/A输出、开关量16路输入/输出全程控,并可位设置及位读取、一路16位计数器及频率计、一路程控宽频率范围(550Hz~65KHz)的脉冲及各种模拟波形输出、二路程控可调基频脉宽调制(PWM)器。采用USB总线,支持即插即用。USB-DMP609数据采集卡为非NI数据采集卡,在用LabVIEW编写程序时,不能直接调用DAQ,而是需要另外编写相关的函数,并需要封装为动态链接库.DLL。在本设计中,DMP.dll包含了打开数据采集卡函数HANDLE OpenDevice(unsigned char)、多通道扫描函数Dmp609_Scan_Ad()、时钟触发多通道连续采样函数Dmp609_Timer_Scan_Ad ()及读取采集卡存储板内载数据函数Dmp609_Read_Ad()等。 Data Acquisition Card USB-DMP6092 is a USB2.0 bus 16-bit A/D data acquisition card with 16 single-ended analog inputs, built-in program-controlled gain control, onboard FIFO storage system, and can be used to set points or cycle acquisition The internal clock triggers high-speed continuous sampling with a maximum sampling frequency of 250KHz, all work in software setting mode, two 12-bit D/A outputs, 16 digital input/output full control, and bit setting and bit reading, one 16-bit Counter and frequency meter, one program-controlled wide frequency range (550Hz ~ 65KHz) pulse and various analog waveform outputs, two program-controlled adjustable base frequency pulse width modulator (PWM). Adopt USB bus, support plug and play. The USB-DMP609 data acquisition card is a non-NI data acquisition card. When writing a program with LabVIEW, you cannot directly call DAQ, but you need to write related functions and package it as a dynamic link library.DLL. In this design, DMP.dll includes the function of opening the data acquisition card HANDLE OpenDevice (unsigned char), the multi-channel scanning function Dmp609_Scan_Ad(), the clock-triggered multi-channel continuous sampling function Dmp609_Timer_Scan_Ad () and reading the data loaded on the storage board of the acquisition card Function Dmp609_Read_Ad () and so on.
LABVIEW的开发环境分为三个部分:前面板、程序面板、图标/连接端口。前面板就是图形化用户界面,以曲线的形式显示垂直和水平的振动信号、U、V、W三相定子电流、四路温度信号。程序面板就是程序编辑界面,程序流程图如图5所示。 The development environment of LABVIEW is divided into three parts: front panel, program panel, icon/connection port. The front panel is a graphical user interface, which displays vertical and horizontal vibration signals, U, V, W three-phase stator currents, and four-way temperature signals in the form of curves. The program panel is the program editing interface, and the program flow chart is shown in Figure 5.
数据采集系统的软件设计中,主要用到了打开数据采集卡函数OpenDevice、多通道扫描连续采样函数Dmp609_Timer_Scan_Ad及读取采集卡存储板内数据函数Dmp609_Read_Ad()。OpenDevice打开数据卡,并将数据柄传到Dmp609_Timer_Scan_Ad ()和Dmp609_Read_Ad(),而多通道扫描函数和读采集卡数据函数收到数据柄后就能对指定的数据卡进行操作。多通道扫描函数连续采样函数有7个参数,包括了数据柄、扫描起始通道、扫描终止通道、设置增益、采样循环状态、时钟周期及函数返回值。由于需要9路数据2路振动信号、3路电流信号、4路温度信号,按顺序连接数据采集卡的接口,起始通道设置为1,终止通道设置9。在采集数据过程需要连续采集,循环状态设置为1。读取采集卡存储板数据函数有4个参数,有卡操作数据柄、采样数、数据转换数组及函数返回。 In the software design of the data acquisition system, the function OpenDevice for opening the data acquisition card, the function Dmp609_Timer_Scan_Ad for continuous sampling of multi-channel scanning and the function Dmp609_Read_Ad() for reading the data in the storage board of the acquisition card are mainly used. OpenDevice opens the data card and passes the data handle to Dmp609_Timer_Scan_Ad () and Dmp609_Read_Ad(), and the multi-channel scan function and the function of reading data from the acquisition card can operate on the specified data card after receiving the data handle. Multi-channel scanning function The continuous sampling function has 7 parameters, including data handle, scanning start channel, scanning end channel, setting gain, sampling cycle status, clock cycle and function return value. Since 9 channels of data, 2 channels of vibration signals, 3 channels of current signals, and 4 channels of temperature signals are required, the interface of the data acquisition card is connected in sequence, the initial channel is set to 1, and the end channel is set to 9. In the process of collecting data, continuous collection is required, and the cycle state is set to 1. The function of reading data from the memory board of the acquisition card has 4 parameters, including the card operation data handle, the number of samples, the data conversion array and the function return.
在多通道扫描时钟触发连续采样方式下,调用c语言编写的DMP609.DLL库函数中的Dmp609_Timer_Scan_Ad函数,由内部时钟触发,对所设定通道进行扫描采样,从起始通道1开始,相邻通道时差小于15us,顺序采样到终止通道9结束。同时采样数据顺序写入FIFO,再调用DLL库函数中的Dmp609_Read_Ad函数读出数据, 由于采集到的通道值数据范围为0~65535,为满足实际需求还需要运用LABVIEW中公式节点对采集到的各路通道数据进行相应的A/D转换,其转换公式如式3所示。 In the continuous sampling mode triggered by the multi-channel scan clock, call the Dmp609_Timer_Scan_Ad function in the DMP609.DLL library function written in c language, triggered by the internal clock, to scan and sample the set channel, starting from the initial channel 1, adjacent channels The time difference is less than 15 us , and the sequential sampling ends at the termination channel 9. At the same time, the sampling data is written into FIFO sequentially, and then the Dmp609_Read_Ad function in the DLL library function is called to read the data. Since the collected channel value data ranges from 0 to 65535, in order to meet the actual needs, it is necessary to use the formula node in LABVIEW to pair the collected data. The corresponding A/D conversion is performed on the channel data, and the conversion formula is shown in Equation 3.
V=(dada-32767)*g/65535 (3) V=(dada-32767)*g/65535 (3)
式3中,data为数据采集卡经过A/D转换后得到数据,g为多通道扫描时钟触发采集函数中设置的增益,V为显示出来的电压值。 In formula 3, data is the data obtained by the data acquisition card after A/D conversion, g is the gain set in the multi-channel scan clock trigger acquisition function, and V is the displayed voltage value.
由于Dmp609_Timer_Scan_Ad函数返回的各通道转换数据值的数组data为LABVIEW定义的全局变量数组,返回的data[0]为start所选择的起始通道的转换数据、data[1]为start+1通道的转换数据,依此类推。故需将数组data通过LABVIEW抽取一维数组函数将其分为9个子数组,各个子数组再经过调用公式节点运用电压与振动、电流、温度的关系换算关系来进行相应的换算,就能得到相应通道采集到的实际数值了,再通过写入电子表格文件函数就可以将采集到的数据保存为文本文件,通过波形图表显示各通道的波形,幅值电平测量函数提取幅值和电平,提取频率信息函数测得相应的峰值、幅值及频率。 Since the array data of the conversion data values of each channel returned by the Dmp609_Timer_Scan_Ad function is a global variable array defined by LABVIEW, the returned data[0] is the conversion data of the starting channel selected by start, and data[1] is the conversion of the start+1 channel data, and so on. Therefore, the array data needs to be divided into 9 sub-arrays through LABVIEW to extract the one-dimensional array function, and each sub-array can be converted by calling the formula node and using the conversion relationship between voltage, vibration, current, and temperature to obtain the corresponding The actual value collected by the channel, and then the collected data can be saved as a text file by writing the spreadsheet file function, and the waveform of each channel can be displayed through the waveform chart, and the amplitude and level measurement function can be used to extract the amplitude and level. Extract the frequency information function to measure the corresponding peak value, amplitude and frequency.
本实用新型的电机多参数实时数据采集系统,不仅能实时监测振动、电流、温度信号,而且能把这些数据传送到上位机,为电机故障诊断和健康状况评估提供依据。其采集的数据可以用于与电机相关的运行状况分析,也可以用于电机故障诊断和健康性能评估等研究。 The motor multi-parameter real-time data acquisition system of the utility model can not only monitor the vibration, current and temperature signals in real time, but also transmit these data to the upper computer to provide a basis for motor fault diagnosis and health status evaluation. The data collected by it can be used for the analysis of the operating conditions related to the motor, and can also be used for research such as motor fault diagnosis and health performance assessment.
以上所述仅为本实用新型的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本实用新型,凡在本实用新型的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本实用新型的保护范围之内。 The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included in this utility model. within the scope of protection of utility models.
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| CN104950257A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-09-30 | 吉林大学 | Test system and test method for open-end winding permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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| TWI763287B (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2022-05-01 | 凌華科技股份有限公司 | Motor command output module with error detection function and motor command error detection method |
| CN113485201A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-08 | 王丹 | New energy automobile motor health detection control system |
| CN117554809B (en) * | 2024-01-10 | 2024-03-22 | 北京博华鑫诺科技有限公司 | Motor winding balance detection method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN117554809A (en) * | 2024-01-10 | 2024-02-13 | 北京博华鑫诺科技有限公司 | Motor winding balance detection method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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