CN203518328U - Compressed gas distribution type energy system using rare gas as working media - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a compressed gas distribution type energy system using rare gas as working media. The compressed gas distribution type energy system mainly aims to meet the heat capacity and cooling capacity requirement of users, the heat capacity and the cooling capacity are supplied by means of process heat produced by compressed gas and low-temperature cooling capacity caused by gas expansion, and meanwhile definite electricity is output in an auxiliary mode. The compressed gas distribution type energy system uses the rare gas as the working media, by means of state changes of gaseous state-supercritical state-gaseous state of the rare gas, design difficulty of the compressed gas distribution type energy system is effectively reduced, and energy-saving system cost is reduced, and operation safety and stability of the system are guaranteed. Meanwhile, system progressional changes are achieved by switching valves, and the cool and heat electricity output quantity of the system is controlled so that balance of supply and demand of the heat capacity and the cooling capacity can be achieved. According to the system, wind energy, solar energy and other renewable energy sources are used in a combined mode, other pollutants are not produced in an operation process, and better energy-saving and environment-friendly benefits are achieved.

Description

A compressed gas distributed energy system using rare gas as working medium

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of energy storage technology and distributed energy supply technology. Specifically, it is based on compressed air energy storage technology and utilizes the transcritical characteristics of rare gases to realize heating and cooling as main and power supply as auxiliary. distributed energy system. the

Background technique

Electricity, heat, and cold are three important forms of energy that maintain the development and progress of human society. Generally speaking, electric energy is the core energy source of human society, and it is also the form of energy with the most abundant supply. Electric energy can not only be directly supplied to users, but also be converted into heat or cold energy by using other devices. With the improvement of human living standards, human beings have higher requirements for living comfort, so the demand for heat and cold has increased dramatically. Although electric energy can be converted into heat energy or cold energy, the reduction of energy grade caused by this process has caused serious waste of energy. Therefore, giving priority to satisfying users' heating and cooling needs is an important goal of energy utilization in future distributed energy supply systems. the

Compressed air energy storage technology is an energy storage technology based on gas turbine technology developed in the 1950s and 1960s. It has been discovered by some scholars for its potential in the field of distributed energy supply. The main method is to compress the air, use fossil fuels to heat the compressed air to complete expansion and power generation, and the air with a higher temperature (400-600K) at the outlet of the turbine is used for cooling and heating respectively. This method effectively utilizes the waste heat of the outlet air of the turbine, reduces energy waste, and improves the overall efficiency of the system. However, the use of fossil fuels inevitably causes environmental pollution. Therefore, how to reduce or avoid the use of fossil energy by the energy storage system and realize the combined cooling, heating and power supply is also an important direction for the future development of energy storage technology. the

In the traditional compressed air energy storage technology, when the compressor compresses the air, it will generate process heat, but this part of the heat is generally taken away by the cooling water and wasted; if the air with higher pressure and lower temperature is expanded , not only can get a certain power output, but at the same time the outlet air temperature of the expander is low, which can be used for refrigeration in theory. Therefore, compressed air energy storage technology has the possibility of realizing cogeneration of cooling, heating and power without using fossil fuels. However, for the medium of compressed air energy storage technology—air, its source is convenient, its reserves are sufficient, and it has certain compressibility. However, due to its low density, high critical pressure and high temperature, when it needs to be compressed to When the pressure is high, the design of the turbomachinery will be complicated and difficult, and the storage volume required under the supercritical state is also large, so the design of the energy storage system is difficult and the cost is high. At the same time, due to the complex internal components of the air, liquefaction and component separation are prone to occur when expansion refrigeration is performed at low temperature, which affects the operation safety of the system. This is a compressed air energy storage system that uses air as the storage medium for combined cooling, heating and power supply. The main problem facing the system. Therefore, if the energy storage technology can use pure gas with high density and easy to achieve supercritical state as the working medium, the above problems can be avoided. the

Inert gases represented by rare gases are a choice of working fluids to meet the above requirements. Rare gases are generally separated from the air as a by-product by air separation technology. Rare gases are colorless, tasteless, and odorless at normal temperature and pressure, and are almost inert in chemical properties. Their critical parameters are shown in Table 1. It can be seen that the critical pressure of the rare gas is small. When compressed to 60 atm and the temperature is the ambient temperature, the rare gas can become a supercritical state, and its density is tens to hundreds of times higher than that of compressed air in the same state. times, it has the dual characteristics of gas and liquid, and has better fluidity and transmission characteristics. Considering the above-mentioned excellent physical and chemical properties of rare gases, when any kind of rare gas is used as the storage medium based on compressed air energy storage technology, not only can the high-density characteristics of rare gases be used to reduce the The design difficulty of the core components of the system such as heaters and gas storage tanks reduces the storage scale of the energy storage system, greatly reduces the research and development costs and maintenance costs of the system, and can also avoid the problems of air liquefaction and component separation caused by low-temperature air expansion. Enhance system security and operability. the

Table 1 Critical parameters of inert gas

inert gas Critical pressure/kPa Critical temperature/K Density/(kg/m ³ ) helium 227.5 5.2014 69.64 neon gas 2654 44.40 483 Argon 4898 150.86 535.7 Krypton gas 5502 209.4 908 Xenon 5840 289.74 1100

To sum up, in view of the above problems, this system realizes a distributed energy system based on compressed air energy storage technology and using the transcritical characteristics of rare gases to provide heat and cold as the main and power supply as the auxiliary. the

Contents of the invention

The utility model relates to a compressed gas distributed energy system using any rare gas as a storage medium, which uses the compression process and expansion process of the rare gas to complete heat storage and cold storage respectively, and outputs a certain amount of electricity to solve the user's problem of heat , cooling, and electricity requirements, and the system does not need to use fossil fuels, and does not produce greenhouse gases, sulfides, nitrides and other polluting gases. the

The technical scheme that the utility model takes for solving its technical problem is:

A compressed gas distributed energy system using a rare gas as a storage medium, including: a rare gas supply unit, a rare gas compression energy storage unit, a rare gas expansion energy release unit, and a heat-carrying medium circulation loop, characterized in that,

The rare gas supply unit includes a normal pressure rare gas storage;

The rare gas compression energy storage unit includes a low-pressure compressor, a medium-pressure compressor, a high-pressure compressor and a high-pressure gas storage tank, wherein,

--The air inlet of the low-pressure stage compressor communicates with the gas outlet of the atmospheric pressure rare gas storage through a pipeline, and after the high-pressure gas produced by the low-pressure stage compressor passes through the thermal fluid side of the low-pressure stage cooler, One part is led into the high-pressure gas storage tank through the gas pipeline with the low-pressure stage switch valve at the compression end, and the other part is led into the medium-pressure stage through the gas pipeline with the low-pressure stage quick-open/quick-off valve at the compression end. Air intake of the compressor;

--After the high-pressure gas produced by the medium-pressure compressor passes through the hot fluid side of the medium-pressure cooler, part of it passes through the gas pipeline with the medium-pressure switch valve at the compression end and enters the high-pressure gas storage tank , the other part leads to the air inlet of the high-pressure compressor through a gas pipeline with a medium-pressure quick-opening/quick-closing valve at the compression end;

--After the high-pressure gas produced by the high-pressure compressor passes through the hot fluid side of the high-pressure cooler, it is passed into the high-pressure gas storage tank through a gas pipeline with a high-pressure switch valve at the compression end;

The rare gas expansion energy release unit includes a high-pressure expander, a medium-pressure expander and a low-pressure expander, wherein,

--A part of the high-pressure gas stored in the high-pressure gas storage tank is passed into the cold fluid side of the high-pressure heat exchanger through the gas pipeline provided with a high-pressure switch valve at the expansion end, and then passed into the high-pressure expander; A part of the gas pipeline is provided with a high-pressure stage quick-opening/quick-closing valve at the expansion end and enters the high-pressure stage expander;

--A part of the gas expanded by the high-pressure expander enters the cold storage tank through a gas pipeline with a medium-pressure on-off valve at the expansion end, and the other part passes through a medium-pressure quick-open/quick-off valve with an expansion end The gas pipeline of the medium pressure stage enters the cold fluid side of the medium pressure heat exchanger and then enters the medium pressure stage expander,

--A part of the gas expanded by the medium-pressure expander enters the cold storage tank through the gas pipeline with the low-pressure on-off valve at the expansion end, and the other part passes through the gas pipeline with the low-pressure quick-open/quick-off valve at the expansion end The gas pipeline leads to the cold fluid side of the low-pressure stage heat exchanger and then enters the low-pressure stage expander,

--The gas expanded by the low-pressure stage expander flows into the normal-pressure rare gas storage after passing through the cold storage tank;

The heat-carrying medium circulation loop includes a heat-carrying medium supply tank and a heat storage tank, and the heat-carrying medium in the heat-carrying medium supply tank is respectively fed into the low-pressure stage cooler, the medium-pressure stage cooler, and the high-pressure stage cooler through pipelines. The cold fluid side of the heat storage tank enters the heat storage tank, and the heat transfer medium in the heat storage tank is respectively passed through the pipeline to the hot fluid side of the high-pressure heat exchanger, medium-pressure heat exchanger, and low-pressure heat exchanger. Enter the heat transfer medium supply tank. the

Further, the heat-carrying medium supply tank distributes the heat-carrying medium to the cold fluid side of the low-pressure stage cooler, the medium-pressure stage cooler, and the high-pressure stage cooler through a common low-temperature heat-carrying medium supply pipeline, and is located at the A medium-pressure stage cooler switch valve is provided on the supply pipeline between the low-pressure stage cooler and the medium-pressure stage cooler, and a high-pressure stage is provided on the supply pipeline between the medium-pressure stage cooler and the high-pressure stage cooler. Cooler switch valve. the

Further, the heat storage tank distributes the heat-carrying medium to the hot fluid side of the high-pressure stage heat exchanger, the medium-pressure stage heat exchanger, and the low-pressure stage heat exchanger through a common high-temperature heat-carrying medium supply pipeline, so The supply pipeline is connected in series with a high-pressure heat exchanger on-off valve, a medium-pressure heat exchanger on-off valve, and a low-pressure heat exchanger on-off valve, wherein the high-pressure heat exchanger on-off valve is arranged in the heat storage tank On the supply pipeline between the high-pressure stage heat exchanger and the high-pressure stage heat exchanger, the medium-pressure stage heat exchanger switch valve is set on the supply pipeline between the high-pressure stage heat exchanger and the medium-pressure stage heat exchanger, and the low-pressure stage A heat exchanger switch valve is provided on the supply line between the medium-pressure stage heat exchanger and the low-pressure stage heat exchanger. the

Further, the heat storage tank is used to supply heat to the heat-using unit, and the heat-using unit includes heat users connected in sequence through pipelines, a heat-carrying medium supply tank at the heat-using end, and a switch valve at the heat-using end. The heat utilization and heat exchange components passing through the heat storage tank are arranged on the heat utilization pipeline between the user and the heat utilization end switch valve. the

Further, the heat consumption unit also includes a heat consumption end control system, which is used to control the opening degree of the on-off valve of the heat consumption end and the heat consumption of heat users. the

Further, a low-pressure stage check valve at the compression end is provided on the pipeline at the hot fluid side outlet of the low-pressure stage cooler. the

Further, an intermediate pressure check valve at the compression end is provided on the pipeline at the hot fluid side outlet of the intermediate pressure cooler. the

Further, a high pressure stage check valve at the compression end is provided on the pipeline at the hot fluid side outlet of the high pressure stage cooler. the

Further, a safety valve is provided on the pipeline at the air inlet of the high-pressure gas storage tank. the

Further, a high-pressure check valve at the expansion end is provided on the pipeline at the gas outlet of the high-pressure gas storage tank. the

Further, a middle-pressure check valve at the expansion end is provided on the pipeline at the gas outlet of the high-pressure expander. the

Further, a low-pressure check valve at the expansion end is provided on the pipeline at the gas outlet of the medium-pressure expander. the

Further, the gas pipeline between the cold storage tank and the rare gas storage is provided with a pressure reducing valve, and/or a filter, and/or a dryer. the

Further, the low-pressure stage compressor, the medium-pressure stage compressor, and the high-pressure stage compressor are respectively driven by a low-voltage stage electric motor, a medium-pressure stage electric motor, and a high-pressure stage electric motor. the

Further, the high-pressure stage expander, the medium-pressure stage expander, and the low-pressure stage expander respectively drive the high-voltage stage generator, the medium-pressure stage generator, and the low-pressure stage generator. the

Further, a cold storage tank is provided on the gas pipeline between the rare gas storage and the rare gas expansion and energy release unit, and the cold storage tank is used to supply cold energy to the cooling unit. the

Further, the cooling unit includes a cooling medium supply tank at the cold end, an on-off valve at the cold end, and a cold user connected in sequence through pipelines, wherein the on-off pipeline between the on-off valve at the cold end and the cold user There is a cold heat exchange component passing through the cold storage tank part. the

Further, the cooling unit also includes a cold end control system, which is used to control the opening degree of the on-off valve of the cold end for adjustment and the cooling capacity of the cold user. the

A kind of possible specific operation process of the present utility model is:

The rare gas in the normal pressure state stored in the normal pressure rare gas storage enters the low-pressure stage compressor for compression. The low-pressure stage compressor is driven by the low-pressure stage motor, and the electric energy of the motor can come from renewable energy sources such as wind energy. After the rare gas is compressed by the low-pressure stage compressor, the pressure increases and the temperature rises, and enters the low-pressure stage cooler for heat exchange and lowers the temperature. At the same time, the medium provided by the heat transfer medium supply tank enters the low-pressure stage heat exchanger to collect heat and store it. in the heat storage tank. the

If the heat in the heat storage tank is sufficient, the on-off valve of the low-pressure stage at the compression end is opened, the quick-open/quick-off valve at the low-pressure stage at the compression end is closed, and the rare gas passes through the low-pressure check valve at the compression end, the on-off valve at the low-pressure stage at the compression end, The safety valve enters the high-pressure gas storage tank; if the heat in the heat storage tank needs to be replenished, the on-off valve of the low-pressure stage at the compression end is closed, the quick-opening/quick-closing valve of the low-pressure stage at the compression end is opened, and rare gases pass through the low-pressure stage check valve at the compression end in turn. The valve and the low-pressure stage quick-opening/quick-closing valve at the compression end enter the medium-pressure compressor, which is driven by the medium-pressure motor. The rare gas at the outlet of the medium-pressure compressor enters the medium-pressure heat exchanger to complete heat exchange, and the temperature drops. At the same time, the switch valve of the medium-pressure heat exchanger is opened, and the medium provided by the heat-carrying medium supply tank enters the medium-pressure heat exchanger for collection. heat and store it in a heat storage tank. the

If the heat in the heat storage tank is sufficient for use, the medium-pressure on-off valve at the compression end opens, the medium-pressure quick-open/quick-off valve at the compression end closes, and the rare gas passes through the medium-pressure check valve at the compression end and the medium-pressure valve at the compression end in turn. The stage switch valve and safety valve enter the high-pressure gas storage tank; if the heat in the heat storage tank needs to be replenished, the medium-pressure stage switch valve at the compression end is closed, the medium-pressure stage quick-opening/quick-closing valve at the compression end is opened, and rare gases pass through in turn. The medium-pressure stage check valve at the compression end and the medium-pressure stage quick-opening/quick-closing valve at the compression end enter the high-pressure stage compressor, which is driven by the high-pressure stage electric motor. The rare gas at the outlet of the high-pressure stage compressor enters the high-pressure stage heat exchanger to complete heat exchange, and the temperature drops. in the heat storage tank. the

After being compressed by the high-pressure stage compressor, the high-pressure stage switch valve at the compression end is opened, and the rare gas enters the high-pressure gas storage tank through the high-pressure check valve at the compression end, the high-pressure stage switch valve at the compression end, and the safety valve in turn for storage. So far, the electric energy supplied to the system is converted into the pressure energy of the rare gas and the heat energy in the heat storage tank. the

When the heat user needs heat, use the hot end control system to regulate the load demand, open the hot end switch valve, use the hot end heat transfer medium supply tank to provide heat transfer medium, absorb heat through the heat storage tank and send it to the heat user to complete the heat Supply, the cooled medium returns to the supply tank for the heat transfer medium at the hot end. the

In the stage of doing external work and producing cooling capacity, the system can selectively recover the stored heat value in the heat storage tank according to the user's demand for cooling capacity and electricity. the

When the power demand is small or the power supply obtained by other methods is sufficient, the on-off valve of the high-pressure stage heat exchanger is closed, the on-off valve of the high-pressure stage on the expansion end is closed, the high-pressure stage quick-open/quick-off valve on the expansion end is opened, and the high-pressure gas storage tank is released. The rare gas enters the high-pressure expander sequentially through the high-pressure check valve at the expansion end and the high-pressure quick-open/quick-off valve at the expansion end, pushing the high-pressure expander to do work externally, and the high-pressure expander drives the high-pressure generator to generate electricity externally through the rotating shaft . the

If the gas temperature at the outlet of the high-pressure expander is low enough, the medium-pressure quick-opening/quick-closing valve at the expansion end is closed, the medium-pressure on-off valve at the expansion end is opened, and the gas at the outlet of the high-pressure expander passes through the medium-pressure check valve at the expansion end in turn. 1. The medium-pressure stage switch valve at the expansion end enters the cold storage tank; if the outlet gas temperature of the high-pressure stage expander is not low enough, the medium-pressure stage quick-opening/quick-closing valve at the expansion end opens, the medium-pressure stage switch valve at the expansion end closes, and the high-pressure stage expands The gas at the outlet of the machine enters the medium-pressure expander through the medium-pressure check valve at the expansion end, the medium-pressure quick-opening/quick-closing valve at the expansion end, and the medium-pressure heat exchanger to push the medium-pressure expander to do work. The stage expander drives the medium-voltage stage generator to generate electricity through the rotating shaft. the

If the gas temperature at the outlet of the medium-pressure expander is low enough, the low-pressure stage quick-opening/quick-closing valve at the expansion end is closed, the low-pressure stage switch valve at the expansion end is opened, and the gas at the outlet of the medium-pressure expander passes through the low-pressure check valve at the expansion end, The on-off valve of the low-pressure stage at the expansion end enters the cold storage tank; if the gas temperature at the outlet of the medium-pressure expander is not low enough, the quick-open/quick-off valve of the low-pressure stage at the expansion end opens, the on-off valve of the low-pressure stage at the expansion end closes, and the outlet of the medium-pressure expander The gas enters the low-pressure expander sequentially through the low-pressure check valve at the expansion end, the low-pressure quick-open/quick valve at the expansion end, and the low-pressure heat exchanger, pushing the low-pressure expander to do work externally, and the low-pressure expander drives the low-pressure expander through the shaft. The generator generates electricity externally. The gas at the outlet of the low-pressure stage expander will enter the cold storage tank to cool down, and then return to the normal pressure rare gas storage through the pressure reducing valve, filter and dryer in sequence. the

When the cold user needs cooling capacity, the cold end control system is used to regulate the load demand, the cold end switch valve is used to open, and the cold end cold medium supply tank is used to provide the cold medium, and the cold energy is absorbed by the cold storage tank and then sent to the cold user. After the cold supply is completed, the heated medium returns to the cold end carrying cold medium supply tank. the

When the power demand is too large, the cooling capacity demand is small and the power supply obtained by other methods is insufficient, the switch valve of the high-pressure stage heat exchanger is opened, the high-pressure stage switch valve of the expansion end is opened, and the high-pressure stage quick-opening/quick-closing valve of the expansion end is closed. The rare gas released from the high-pressure gas storage tank enters the high-pressure heat exchanger through the high-pressure check valve at the expansion end and the high-pressure switch valve at the expansion end to complete the temperature rise, and the heat medium supplied by the heat storage tank passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger switch valve. Enter the high-pressure stage heat exchanger to complete the heat exchange with the rare gas, and then return to the heat transfer medium supply tank. The heated rare gas enters the high-pressure expander to drive the high-pressure expander to do work, and the high-pressure expander drives the high-voltage generator to generate electricity through the rotating shaft. the

If there is no need to continue to supplement the power supply, the medium-pressure stage quick-opening/quick-closing valve at the expansion end is closed, the medium-pressure stage switch valve at the expansion end is opened, and the gas at the outlet of the high-pressure expander passes through the medium-pressure check valve at the expansion end, the expansion end The on-off valve of the medium-pressure stage enters the cold storage tank to complete the storage of cold energy; if it is necessary to continue to supplement the power supply, the quick-open/quick-off valve of the medium-pressure stage at the expansion end is opened, the on-off valve of the medium-pressure stage at the expansion end is closed, and the gas at the outlet of the high-pressure expander The medium-pressure stage check valve at the expansion end and the medium-pressure stage quick-opening/quick-closing valve at the expansion end enter the medium-pressure stage heat exchanger in turn to complete the temperature rise. The heat medium passes through the switch valve of the high-pressure heat exchanger and the switch valve of the medium-pressure heat exchanger, enters the medium-pressure heat exchanger to complete the heat exchange with the rare gas, and then returns to the heat-carrying medium supply tank. The heated rare gas enters the medium-pressure expander to push the medium-pressure expander to do work, and the medium-pressure expander drives the medium-voltage generator to generate electricity through the shaft. the

If there is no need to continue to supplement the power supply, the low-pressure stage quick-opening/quick-closing valve at the expansion end is closed, the low-pressure stage switch valve at the expansion end is opened, and the gas at the outlet of the medium-pressure expander passes through the low-pressure check valve at the expansion end and the low-pressure stage at the expansion end. The switch valve enters the cold storage tank to complete the cold storage; if it is necessary to continue to supplement the power supply, the low-pressure stage quick-opening/quick-closing valve at the expansion end opens, the low-pressure stage switch valve at the expansion end closes, and the outlet gas of the medium-pressure expander passes through the expansion end in turn The low-pressure stage check valve and the low-pressure stage quick-opening/quick-closing valve at the expansion end enter the low-pressure stage heat exchanger to complete the temperature rise. At this time, the switch valve of the low-pressure stage heat exchanger is opened, and the heat transfer medium supplied by the heat storage tank passes through the high-pressure stage heat exchanger. After the on-off valve, the on-off valve of the medium-pressure heat exchanger, and the on-off valve of the low-pressure heat exchanger, it enters the low-pressure heat exchanger to complete the heat exchange with the rare gas, and then returns to the heat-carrying medium supply tank. The heated rare gas enters the low-pressure stage expander to drive the low-pressure stage expander to do work externally, and the low-pressure stage expander drives the low-pressure stage generator to generate electricity externally through the rotating shaft. The gas at the outlet of the low-pressure stage expander is cooled by the cold storage tank, and then returns to the normal-pressure rare gas storage through the pressure reducing valve, filter, and dryer in sequence. the

To sum up, in the process of energy storage, the system can use the on-off valve and the quick-start/quick-off valve before the intake of each stage compressor to control the number of stages of compression, so as to control the final pressure of the gas and the amount of heat stored. The value can be selectively allocated to heat users and returned to high-pressure gas according to the needs of heat users; in the process of energy release, the system can use the switch valve before the intake of each stage expander according to the user's demand for electricity and cooling capacity And quick opening/quick closing valves control the expansion and reheating stages to complete the supply of cooling capacity and electricity. Considering the convenience of obtaining power supply by other means, the energy release process can reduce the return of heat in the heat storage to the high-pressure gas. The system is mainly based on cold supply and supplemented by power supply. Use heat. the

Advantage and beneficial effect of the present utility model are:

1. The utility model uses rare gas instead of air as the storage medium of energy storage technology, utilizes the characteristics of low critical pressure and low critical temperature of rare gas, and completes the gaseous state-supercritical state-gaseous state of rare gas during the energy storage to energy release stage In the process of change, compared with the energy storage system with air as the medium, the storage volume of the rare gas in the supercritical state is smaller, which reduces the system cost, and the pure gas as the working medium can ensure the stability and safety of the system operation. the

2. The utility model uses rare gas as the working medium of the compressed gas energy storage system. With the help of its high density, compared with the energy storage system caused by compressed and expanded air, the overall structure is complicated, the design is difficult, and the cost is high. , using rare gas as the working medium can significantly reduce the design difficulties of core components of the system such as turbomachinery, heat exchangers, and gas storage tanks, reduce the scale of the system, and greatly reduce the cost of the system. the

3. The utility model can change the supply of heat and cold according to the demand of heat, electricity and cold, especially the operation mode of the demand control system of heat and cold, so as to reduce the occurrence of mismatch between the supply and demand of heat and cold , to avoid energy waste; it can also complete heat and cold storage when the user's energy demand is small, and realize the instant supply of cold and heat in the future. the

4. The utility model can use surplus electric power as the energy source, or renewable energy such as wind energy as the power source of the system, and can use solar energy as the auxiliary heating for the system to ensure the supply of heat, electricity and cold for the system. The whole system does not produce any substances that pollute the environment during the operation of the project. It can be used in conjunction with thermal power plants, and can also be used in isolated islands, independent buildings or communities. It is a veritable environmental protection and energy-saving system. the

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a compressed gas distributed energy system using rare gas as a working medium of the utility model. the

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the energy storage system clearer, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. the

As shown in Figure 1, the compressed gas distributed energy system using rare gas as the working medium of the utility model consists of a normal pressure rare gas storage 1, a low-pressure compressor 2, a medium-pressure compressor 3, and a high-pressure compressor 4 , low-voltage stage motor 5, medium-voltage stage motor 6, high-voltage stage motor 7, low-pressure stage cooler 8, medium-pressure stage cooler 9, high-pressure stage cooler 10, compression end low-pressure stage check valve 11, compression end medium-pressure stage Check valve 12, high-pressure stage check valve 13 at the compression end, low-pressure stage on-off valve at the compression end 14, medium-pressure stage on-off valve at the compression end 15, high-pressure stage on-off valve at the compression end 16, low-pressure stage quick-open/quick-off valve at the compression end 17. Medium-pressure stage quick-opening/quick-closing valve 18 at the compression end, medium-pressure stage cooler switch valve 19, high-pressure stage cooler switch valve 20, safety valve 21, high-pressure gas storage tank 22, heat-carrying medium supply tank 23, Heat storage tank 24, hot end control system 25, hot end heat carrier medium supply tank 26, hot end switch valve 27, heat user 28, expansion end high pressure check valve 29, expansion end medium pressure check valve 30. Low-pressure stage check valve at the expansion end 31, high-pressure stage switch valve at the expansion end 32, medium-pressure stage switch valve at the expansion end 33, low-pressure stage switch valve at the expansion end 34, high-pressure stage quick-opening/quick-closing valve at the expansion end 35, expansion end Medium pressure stage quick opening/quick closing valve 36, expansion end low pressure stage quick opening/quick closing valve 37, high pressure stage heat exchanger 38, medium pressure stage heat exchanger 39, low pressure stage heat exchanger 40, high pressure stage expander 41 , medium pressure expander 42, low pressure expander 43, high pressure generator 44, medium voltage generator 45, low pressure generator 46, high pressure heat exchanger switch valve 47, medium pressure heat exchanger switch valve 48, low-pressure stage heat exchanger switch valve 49, cold storage tank 50, cold end control system 51, cold end switch valve 52, cold end carrying cold medium supply tank 53, cold user 54, pressure reducing valve 55, filter device 56, drier 57 etc., the specific operation process is:

The rare gas stored in the normal-pressure rare gas storage 1 enters the low-pressure compressor 2 for compression. The low-pressure compressor 2 is driven by the low-pressure motor 5, and the electric energy of the motor 5 can come from renewable energy sources such as wind energy. After the rare gas is compressed by the low-pressure stage compressor 2, the pressure rises and the temperature rises, and enters the low-pressure stage cooler 8 for heat exchange and lowers the temperature. At the same time, the medium provided by the heat-carrying medium supply tank 23 enters the low-pressure stage heat exchanger 8 The heat is collected and stored in the heat storage tank 24. the

If the heat in the heat storage tank 24 is sufficient, the on-off valve 14 of the low-pressure stage at the compression end is opened, and the quick-open/quick-off valve 17 of the low-pressure stage at the compression end is closed. The stage switch valve 14 and the safety valve 21 enter the high-pressure gas storage tank 22; if the heat in the heat storage tank 24 needs to be replenished, the low-pressure stage switch valve 14 at the compression end is closed, and the low-pressure stage quick-opening/quick-closing valve 17 at the compression end is opened. The rare gas enters the medium-pressure compressor 3 sequentially through the low-pressure check valve 11 at the compression end and the low-pressure quick-open/quick-off valve 17 at the compression end, and the medium-pressure compressor 3 is driven by the medium-pressure motor 6 . The rare gas at the outlet of the medium-pressure stage compressor 3 enters the medium-pressure stage heat exchanger 9 to complete the heat exchange, and the temperature drops. The heat is collected in the heat exchanger 9 and stored in the heat storage tank 24 . the

If the heat in the heat storage tank 24 is sufficient for use, the medium-pressure on-off valve 15 at the compression end is opened, the medium-pressure quick-open/quick-off valve 18 at the compression end is closed, and the rare gas passes through the medium-pressure check valve 12, The medium-pressure switch valve 15 and safety valve 21 at the compression end enter the high-pressure gas storage tank 22; if the heat in the heat storage tank 24 needs to be replenished, the medium-pressure switch valve 15 at the compression end closes, and the medium-pressure switch valve 15 at the compression end quickly starts/ The quick-closing valve 18 is opened, and the rare gas enters the high-pressure stage compressor 4 through the medium-pressure stage check valve 12 at the compression end and the medium-pressure stage quick-open/quick-off valve 18 at the compression end, and the high-pressure stage compressor 4 is driven by the high-pressure stage motor 7 . The rare gas at the outlet of the high-pressure stage compressor 4 enters the high-pressure stage heat exchanger 10 to complete heat exchange, and the temperature drops. At the same time, the switch valve 20 of the high-pressure stage heat exchanger is opened, and the medium provided by the heat-carrying medium supply tank 23 enters the high-pressure stage heat exchanger 10 The heat is collected and stored in the heat storage tank 24. the

After being compressed by the high-pressure compressor 4, the high-pressure switch valve 16 at the compression end is opened, and the rare gas enters the high-pressure gas storage tank 22 through the high-pressure check valve 13 at the compression end, the high-pressure switch valve 16 at the compression end, and the safety valve 21 in sequence. storage. So far, the electric energy supplied to the system is converted into the pressure energy of the rare gas and the heat energy in the heat storage tank 24 . the

When the heat user 28 needs heat, the hot end control system 25 is used to regulate the load demand, the hot end switch valve 27 is used to open, the hot end heat transfer medium supply tank 26 is used to provide the heat transfer medium, and the heat is absorbed by the heat storage tank 24 and then sent The heating user 28 completes the heat supply, and the cooled medium returns to the heat-carrying medium supply tank 26 at the hot end. the

In the stage of doing external work and producing cooling capacity, the system can selectively recover the stored heat value in the heat storage tank 24 according to the user's demand for cooling capacity and electricity. the

When the demand for electricity is small or the supply of electric energy obtained by other means is sufficient, the on-off valve 47 of the high-pressure stage heat exchanger is closed, the on-off valve 32 of the high-pressure stage on the expansion end is closed, the high-pressure stage quick-start/quick-off valve 35 on the expansion end is opened, and the high-pressure gas storage The rare gas released from the gas tank 22 enters the high-pressure expander 41 through the high-pressure check valve 29 at the expansion end and the high-pressure quick-open/quick-off valve 35 at the expansion end, pushing the high-pressure expander 41 to do work, and the high-pressure expander 41 Drive the high-voltage generator 44 to generate electricity externally through the rotating shaft. the

If the gas temperature at the outlet of the high-pressure expander 41 is low enough, the medium-pressure quick-opening/quick-closing valve 36 at the expansion end is closed, the medium-pressure on-off valve 33 at the expansion end is opened, and the gas at the outlet of the high-pressure expander 41 passes through the medium-pressure stage check valve 30 and medium-pressure stage switch valve 33 at the expansion end enter the cold storage tank 50; if the outlet gas temperature of the high-pressure stage expander 41 is not low enough, the medium-pressure stage quick-opening/quick-closing valve 36 at the expansion end opens, and the middle-pressure stage at the expansion end The pressure stage switch valve 33 is closed, and the gas at the outlet of the high pressure stage expander 41 enters the medium pressure stage through the middle pressure stage check valve 30 at the expansion end, the middle pressure stage quick opening/closing valve 36 at the expansion end, and the middle pressure stage heat exchanger 39 The expander 42 drives the medium-pressure expander 42 to do work externally, and the medium-pressure expander 42 drives the medium-voltage generator 45 to generate electricity externally through the rotating shaft. the

If the gas temperature at the outlet of the medium-pressure expander 42 is low enough, the low-pressure stage quick-opening/quick-closing valve 37 at the expansion end is closed, the low-pressure stage switch valve 34 at the expansion end is opened, and the gas at the outlet of the medium-pressure expander 42 passes through the low-pressure stage at the expansion end in turn. The check valve 31 and the low-pressure stage switch valve 34 at the expansion end enter the cold storage tank 50; if the gas temperature at the outlet of the medium-pressure expander 42 is not low enough, the low-pressure stage quick-opening/quick-closing valve 37 at the expansion end opens, and the low-pressure stage switch at the expansion end The valve 34 is closed, and the gas at the outlet of the medium-pressure expander 42 enters the low-pressure expander 43 through the low-pressure check valve 31 at the expansion end, the low-pressure quick-open/quick-off valve 37 at the expansion end, and the low-pressure heat exchanger 40 to drive the low-pressure The stage expander 46 acts externally, and the low-pressure stage expander 43 drives the low-pressure stage generator 46 to generate electricity externally through the rotating shaft. The gas at the outlet of the low-pressure stage expander 43 will enter the cold storage tank 50 to cool down, and then return to the normal pressure rare gas storage 1 through the pressure reducing valve 55, the filter 56, and the dryer 57 in sequence. the

When the cold user 54 needs cooling capacity, the cold end control system 51 is used to regulate the load demand, the cold end switch valve 52 is used to open, the cold end cold medium supply tank 53 is used to provide the cold medium, and the cold energy is absorbed through the cold storage tank 50 Afterwards, it is sent to the cold user 54 to complete the cold supply, and the heated medium is returned to the cold end carrying cold medium supply tank 53 . the

When the power demand is relatively large, the cooling demand is small, and the power supply obtained by other methods is insufficient, the switch valve 47 of the high-pressure stage heat exchanger is opened, the high-pressure stage switch valve 32 of the expansion end is opened, and the high-pressure stage of the expansion end is quickly opened/closed The valve 35 is closed, and the rare gas released from the high-pressure gas storage tank 22 passes through the high-pressure check valve 29 at the expansion end and the high-pressure switch valve 32 at the expansion end and enters the high-pressure heat exchanger 38 to complete the temperature rise. The heat supplied by the heat storage tank 24 The medium enters the high-pressure heat exchanger 38 through the switch valve 47 of the high-pressure heat exchanger to complete the heat exchange with the rare gas, and then returns to the heat-carrying medium supply tank 23 . The heated rare gas enters the high-pressure expander 41 to push the high-pressure expander 41 to do work, and the high-pressure expander 41 drives the high-voltage generator 44 to generate electricity through the rotating shaft. the

If there is no need to continue to supplement the power supply, the medium-pressure stage quick-opening/quick-closing valve 36 at the expansion end is closed, the medium-pressure stage switch valve 33 at the expansion end is opened, and the gas at the outlet of the high-pressure stage expander 41 passes through the medium-pressure stage check valve at the expansion end in sequence 30. The medium-pressure stage switch valve 33 at the expansion end enters the cold storage tank 50 to complete cold storage; if it is necessary to continue to supplement the power supply, the medium-pressure stage quick-open/quick-off valve 36 at the expansion end opens, and the medium-pressure stage switch valve 33 at the expansion end close, the gas at the outlet of the high-pressure expander 41 passes through the medium-pressure check valve 30 at the expansion end, the medium-pressure quick-open/quick-off valve 36 at the expansion end, and enters the medium-pressure heat exchanger 39 to complete the temperature rise. Heater on-off valve 48 is opened, and the heat-carrying medium supplied by heat storage tank 24 passes through high-pressure stage heat exchanger on-off valve 47 and medium-pressure stage heat exchanger on-off valve 48, and then enters medium-pressure stage heat exchanger 39 to complete heat exchange with rare gas. exchange, and then return to the heat transfer medium supply tank 23. The heated rare gas enters the medium-pressure expander 42 to push the medium-pressure expander 42 to do work, and the medium-pressure expander 42 drives the medium-voltage generator 45 to generate electricity through the rotating shaft. the

If there is no need to continue to supplement the power supply, the low-pressure stage quick-open/quick-off valve 37 at the expansion end is closed, the low-pressure stage switch valve 34 at the expansion end is opened, and the gas at the outlet of the medium-pressure expander 42 passes through the low-pressure check valve 31, The low-pressure stage switch valve 34 at the expansion end enters the cold storage tank 50 to complete cold storage; if it is necessary to continue to supplement the power supply, the low-pressure stage quick-open/quick-off valve 37 at the expansion end opens, the low-pressure stage switch valve 34 at the expansion end closes, and the medium-pressure stage The gas at the outlet of the expander 42 enters the low-pressure stage heat exchanger 40 through the low-pressure stage check valve 31 at the expansion end and the low-pressure stage quick-open/quick-off valve 37 at the expansion end to complete the temperature rise. The heat-carrying medium supplied by the heat tank 24 enters the low-pressure heat exchanger 40 through the high-pressure stage heat exchanger switch valve 47, the medium-pressure stage heat exchanger switch valve 48, and the low-pressure stage heat exchanger switch valve 49 to complete the heat exchange with the rare gas. exchange, and then return to the heat transfer medium supply tank 23. The heated rare gas enters the low-pressure expander 43 to push the low-pressure expander 43 to do work, and the low-pressure expander 43 drives the low-pressure generator 46 to generate electricity through the rotating shaft. The gas at the outlet of the low-pressure stage expander 43 is cooled down by the cold storage tank 50 , and then returns to the normal-pressure rare gas storage 1 through the pressure reducing valve 55 , the filter 56 , and the dryer 57 in sequence. the

To sum up, in the process of energy storage, the system can use the on-off valve and the quick-start/quick-off valve before the intake of each stage compressor to control the number of stages of compression, so as to control the final pressure of the gas and the amount of heat stored. The value can be selectively allocated to heat users and returned to high-pressure gas according to the needs of heat users; in the process of energy release, the system can use the switch valve before the intake of each stage expander according to the user's demand for electricity and cooling capacity And quick opening/quick closing valves control the expansion and reheating stages to complete the supply of cooling capacity and electricity. Considering the convenience of obtaining power supply by other means, the energy release process can reduce the return of heat in the heat storage to the high-pressure gas. The system is mainly based on cold supply and supplemented by power supply. Use heat. the

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall include Within the scope of the present utility model. the

Claims (10)

1. A compressed gas distributed energy system using a rare gas as a working medium, comprising: a rare gas supply unit, a rare gas compression energy storage unit, a rare gas expansion energy release unit, and a heat-carrying medium circulation loop, characterized in that, The rare gas supply unit includes a normal pressure rare gas storage (1); The rare gas compression energy storage unit includes a low-pressure compressor (2), a medium-pressure compressor (3), a high-pressure compressor (4) and a high-pressure gas storage tank (22), wherein, --The air inlet of the low-pressure stage compressor (2) communicates with the gas outlet of the normal-pressure rare gas storage (1) through a pipeline, and the high-pressure gas generated by the low-pressure stage compressor (2) passes through the low-pressure After the thermal fluid side of the stage cooler (8), part of the gas pipeline is connected to the high-pressure gas storage tank (22) through the gas pipeline with the low-pressure stage switch valve (14) at the compression end, and the other part is passed through the gas pipeline with the low-pressure stage at the compression end. The gas pipeline of the stage quick-opening/quick-closing valve (17) leads into the air inlet of the medium-pressure stage compressor (3), --After the high-pressure gas generated by the medium-pressure compressor (3) passes through the hot fluid side of the medium-pressure cooler (9), part of it passes through the gas pipeline with the medium-pressure switch valve (15) at the compression end It leads into the high-pressure gas storage tank (22), and the other part leads into the intake air of the high-pressure compressor (4) through a gas pipeline with a medium-pressure quick-opening/quick-closing valve (18) at the compression end. mouth, --The high-pressure gas produced by the high-pressure stage compressor (4) passes through the hot fluid side of the high-pressure stage cooler (10), and then enters the High-pressure gas storage tank (22); The rare gas expansion energy release unit includes a high-pressure expander (41), a medium-pressure expander (42) and a low-pressure expander (43), wherein, --A part of the high-pressure gas stored in the high-pressure gas storage tank (22) enters the cold fluid side of the high-pressure heat exchanger (38) through the gas pipeline provided with the high-pressure switch valve (32) at the expansion end, and then passes through into the high-pressure stage expander (41), and the other part enters the high-pressure stage expander (41) through a gas pipeline equipped with a high-pressure stage quick-opening/quick-closing valve (35) at the expansion end, --A part of the gas expanded by the high-pressure expander (41) enters the cold storage tank (50) through the gas pipeline with the medium-pressure switch valve (33) at the expansion end, and the other part passes through the gas pipeline with the expansion end The gas pipeline of the medium-pressure stage quick-opening/quick-closing valve (36) leads into the cold fluid side of the medium-pressure stage heat exchanger (39) and then enters the medium-pressure stage expander (42), --A part of the gas expanded by the medium-pressure expander (42) enters the cold storage tank (50) through the gas pipeline with the low-pressure switch valve (34) at the expansion end, and the other part enters the cold storage tank (50) through the gas pipeline with the expansion end The gas pipeline of the low-pressure stage quick-open/quick-close valve (37) leads into the cold fluid side of the low-pressure stage heat exchanger (40) and then enters the low-pressure stage expander (43), --The gas expanded by the low-pressure stage expander (43) flows into the normal-pressure rare gas storage (1) after passing through the cold storage tank (50); The heat transfer medium circulation loop includes a heat transfer medium supply tank (23) and a heat storage tank (24). The heat transfer medium in the heat transfer medium supply tank (23) is respectively fed into the low-pressure stage cooler (8 ), the cold fluid side of the medium-pressure cooler (9) and the high-pressure cooler (10) enter the heat storage tank (24), and the heat-carrying medium in the heat storage tank (24) passes through the pipeline respectively After entering the heat fluid side of the high-pressure heat exchanger (38), the medium-pressure heat exchanger (39), and the low-pressure heat exchanger (40), it enters the heat-carrying medium supply tank (23). the 2. The compressed gas distributed energy system using rare gas as working fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that, the heat transfer medium supply tank (23) supplies the load through a common low-temperature heat transfer medium supply pipeline The heat medium is distributed to the cold fluid side of the low-pressure stage cooler (8), the medium-pressure stage cooler (9), and the high-pressure stage cooler (10), which are located in the low-pressure stage cooler (8) and the medium-pressure stage cooler A medium-pressure stage cooler switch valve (19) is provided on the supply line between (9), and a high-pressure stage cooler switch valve (20). the 3. The compressed gas distributed energy system using rare gas as a working medium according to claim 2, characterized in that, the heat storage tank (24) supplies the heat transfer medium through a common high-temperature heat transfer medium supply pipeline Distributed to the hot fluid side of the high-pressure heat exchanger (38), the medium-pressure heat exchanger (39), and the low-pressure heat exchanger (40), and the high-pressure heat exchanger switch valve is connected in series on the supply pipeline (47), medium-pressure stage heat exchanger switch valve (48), low-pressure stage heat exchanger switch valve (49), wherein, the high-pressure stage heat exchanger switch valve (47) is set in the heat storage tank (24 ) and the high-pressure stage heat exchanger (38), the medium-pressure stage heat exchanger switch valve (48) is set on the high-pressure stage heat exchanger (38) and the medium-pressure stage heat exchanger ( 39), the low-pressure stage heat exchanger switch valve (49) is arranged on the supply pipeline between the medium-pressure stage heat exchanger (39) and the low-pressure stage heat exchanger (40). the 4. The compressed gas distributed energy system using rare gas as a working medium according to claim 2, characterized in that the pipeline at the outlet of the hot fluid side of the low-pressure stage cooler (8) is provided with a compression end low-pressure stage check valve (11). the 5. The compressed gas distributed energy system using rare gas as a working medium according to claim 2, characterized in that a compression end is provided on the pipeline at the outlet of the thermal fluid side of the medium-pressure cooler (9) Medium pressure stage check valve (12). the 6. The compressed gas distributed energy system using rare gas as a working medium according to claim 2, characterized in that, the pipeline at the outlet of the hot fluid side of the high-pressure stage cooler (10) is provided with a high-pressure end at the compression end stage check valve (13). the 7. The compressed gas distributed energy system using rare gas as a working medium according to claim 1, characterized in that a safety valve ( twenty one). the 8. The compressed gas distributed energy system using rare gas as a working medium according to claim 1, characterized in that, the pipeline at the gas outlet of the high-pressure stage expander (41) is provided with a medium-pressure stage at the expansion end Check valve (30). the 9. The compressed gas distributed energy system using rare gas as a working medium according to claim 1, characterized in that, the pipeline at the gas outlet of the medium-pressure expander (42) is provided with an expansion end low-pressure stage check valve (31). the 10. The compressed gas distributed energy system using rare gas as working fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that, the gas pipeline between the cold storage tank (50) and the rare gas storage (1) is provided with Pressure reducing valve (55), and/or filter (56), and/or dryer (57). the

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