CN203479487U - Experiment device for testing vibration modes of steam turbine simulated impeller - Google Patents
Experiment device for testing vibration modes of steam turbine simulated impeller Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
汽轮机模拟叶轮振型测试实验装置，涉及一种实验装置，所述装置包括汽轮机模拟叶轮、信号发生器、信号放大器、激振器、电磁拾振器、示波器，其特征在于，信号发生器2的功率输出端经屏蔽线与信号放大器3直接相连，信号发生器的输出端与激振器4相连，激振器与汽轮机模拟叶轮相安装一起，在汽轮机模拟叶轮的上面安装有电磁拾振器5，电磁拾振器的信号与示波器6的X通道相连，示波器的Y通道与信号发生器的频率输出端相连接；本实用新型针对现今火力发电厂汽轮机组叶轮振动情况，用模拟叶轮的方法测量汽轮机叶轮的固有频率和振型的变现形式。进而可以利用实验装置测量的叶轮振型分析火力发电厂汽轮机中叶轮振动的特性。
The steam turbine simulated impeller vibration test experimental device relates to an experimental device, and the device includes a steam turbine simulated impeller, a signal generator, a signal amplifier, a vibration exciter, an electromagnetic vibration pickup, and an oscilloscope, and is characterized in that the signal generator 2 The power output terminal is directly connected to the signal amplifier 3 through the shielded wire, the output terminal of the signal generator is connected to the vibrator 4, the vibrator is installed together with the simulated impeller of the steam turbine, and an electromagnetic vibration pickup 5 is installed on the simulated impeller of the steam turbine , the signal of the electromagnetic vibration pickup is connected to the X channel of the oscilloscope 6, and the Y channel of the oscilloscope is connected to the frequency output end of the signal generator; the utility model is aimed at the vibration of the impeller of the steam turbine unit in a thermal power plant, and uses the method of simulating the impeller to measure The realization form of the natural frequency and mode shape of the steam turbine impeller. Furthermore, the vibration characteristics of the impeller in the steam turbine of the thermal power plant can be analyzed by using the impeller vibration shape measured by the experimental device.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型涉及一种汽轮机模拟叶轮振型测试实验装置，特别是涉及一种汽轮机模拟叶轮振型测试实验装置。 The utility model relates to an experimental device for testing the vibration shape of a steam turbine simulation impeller, in particular to an experimental device for testing the vibration shape of a steam turbine simulation impeller.
背景技术 Background technique
长期以来，汽轮机转子振动问题一直影响机组的安全运行，叶轮对整个机组来说非常重要，对于一些刚性不足的叶轮，常因激振力频率与叶轮固有频率相等或接近时产生强烈地共振而引起叶轮的损坏。在叶轮振动的同时，往往会引起镶嵌在叶轮外缘的叶片振动，这对叶片又是极大的威胁。因此，对叶轮振动特性的研究不容忽视，对汽轮机进行叶轮的固有频率及振型测试是非常有必要的。 For a long time, the vibration problem of steam turbine rotor has been affecting the safe operation of the unit. The impeller is very important to the whole unit. For some impellers with insufficient rigidity, it is often caused by strong resonance when the frequency of the exciting force is equal to or close to the natural frequency of the impeller. Damage to the impeller. When the impeller vibrates, it often causes the blades embedded in the outer edge of the impeller to vibrate, which is a great threat to the blades. Therefore, the research on the vibration characteristics of the impeller cannot be ignored, and it is very necessary to test the natural frequency and mode shape of the impeller of the steam turbine.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种汽轮机模拟叶轮振型测试实验装置，该实验装置用模拟叶轮的方法测量汽轮机叶轮的固有频率和振型的变现形式，利用实验装置测量的叶轮振型分析火力发电厂汽轮机中叶轮振动的特性。 The purpose of this utility model is to provide a steam turbine simulated impeller vibration test experimental device, the experimental device uses the method of simulating the impeller to measure the natural frequency of the steam turbine impeller and the realization form of the mode shape, and uses the impeller vibration mode measured by the experimental device to analyze thermal power generation Characteristics of impeller vibration in steam turbines.
本实用新型的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的： The purpose of this utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions:
汽轮机模拟叶轮振型测试实验装置，所述装置包括汽轮机模拟叶轮、信号发生器、信号放大器、激振器、电磁拾振器、示波器，信号发生器的功率输出端经屏蔽线与信号放大器直接相连，信号发生器的输出端与激振器相连，激振器与汽轮机模拟叶轮相安装一起，在汽轮机模拟叶轮的上面安装有电磁拾振器，电磁拾振器的信号与示波器的X通道相连，示波器的Y通道与信号发生器的频率输出端相连接；汽轮机模拟叶轮外径550mm ，内径150mm，厚度10mm，信号发生器最大输出功率5MW，频率测量范围0.3HZ~3MHZ；信号放大器3的放大功率为300W。
Steam turbine simulation impeller vibration test experimental device, said device includes steam turbine simulation impeller, signal generator, signal amplifier, vibration exciter, electromagnetic vibration pickup, oscilloscope, the power output end of the signal generator is directly connected to the signal amplifier through a shielded wire , the output end of the signal generator is connected to the exciter, the exciter is installed together with the simulated impeller of the steam turbine, and an electromagnetic vibration pickup is installed on the simulated impeller of the steam turbine, and the signal of the electromagnetic vibration pickup is connected to the X channel of the oscilloscope, The Y channel of the oscilloscope is connected to the frequency output terminal of the signal generator; the external diameter of the steam turbine simulation impeller is 550mm, the internal diameter is 150mm, and the thickness is 10mm. The maximum output power of the signal generator is 5MW, and the frequency measurement range is 0.3HZ~3MHZ; the amplification power of the
所述的汽轮机模拟叶轮振型测试实验装置，所述汽轮机模拟叶轮通过台架直接固定在地面上。 In the steam turbine simulated impeller vibration test experimental device, the steam turbine simulated impeller is directly fixed on the ground through a stand.
所述的汽轮机模拟叶轮振型测试实验装置，所述激振器与叶轮的距离为2-5mm的间隙，并且布置在叶轮的外缘。 In the steam turbine simulated impeller vibration test experimental device, the distance between the vibrator and the impeller is 2-5mm, and it is arranged on the outer edge of the impeller.
本实用新型的优点与效果是： Advantage and effect of the present utility model are:
本实用新型针对现今火力发电厂汽轮机组叶轮振动情况，用模拟叶轮的方法测量汽轮机叶轮的固有频率和振型的变现形式。实验测量的结果与ANSYS软件分析结果进行了比对，实验结果与软件结果完全吻合，进而可以利用实验装置测量的叶轮振型分析火力发电厂汽轮机中叶轮振动的特性。 The utility model aims at the vibration situation of the impeller of the steam turbine unit in the current thermal power plant, and uses the method of simulating the impeller to measure the natural frequency and the realization form of the mode shape of the impeller of the steam turbine. The experimental measurement results are compared with the ANSYS software analysis results, and the experimental results are completely consistent with the software results, and then the vibration characteristics of the impeller in the thermal power plant steam turbine can be analyzed using the impeller vibration shape measured by the experimental device.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为汽轮机模拟叶轮振型测试实验装置结构示意图。 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the experimental device for simulating the impeller vibration shape of the steam turbine.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图所示实施例对本实用新型进行详细说明。 The utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings.
图中标号为：1.汽轮机模拟叶轮 2.信号发生器 3.信号放大器 4.激振器 5.电磁拾振器 6.示波器。
The labels in the figure are: 1. Steam
汽轮机模拟叶轮1通过台架直接固定在地面上，信号发生器2的功率输出端用屏蔽线与信号放大器3直接相连，信号发生器的输出端与激振器4相连，激振器与汽轮机模拟叶轮，采用非接触方式安装，在汽轮机模拟叶轮的上面采用非接触式安装有电磁拾振器5，电磁拾振器接收到的信号与示波器6的X通道相连，示波器的Y通道与信号发生器的频率输出端相连接。
The steam
汽轮机模拟叶轮为20号钢制造，外径550mm ，内径150mm，厚度10mm，采用内圆紧固的安装方法安装。信号发生器2采用带功率输出的，最大输出功率5MW，频率测量范围0.3HZ~3MHZ。信号放大器3的放大功率为300W。激振器4可自制或选购，电磁拾振器5也可自制或选购。示波器6型号（MOS-620CH,20MHz）。屏蔽信号线若干。
The simulated impeller of the steam turbine is made of No. 20 steel, with an outer diameter of 550mm, an inner diameter of 150mm, and a thickness of 10mm. It is installed by means of inner circle fastening. The
本实用新型的原理：由于现场汽轮机叶轮直径比较大，故沿圆周方向刚度较大，所以叶轮不会产生切向振动，但叶轮的厚度相对叶轮半径而言要小，故叶轮（或轮系）振动只能发生在轴线方向上。 The principle of the utility model: due to the large diameter of the impeller of the steam turbine on site, the rigidity along the circumferential direction is relatively large, so the impeller will not generate tangential vibration, but the thickness of the impeller is small relative to the radius of the impeller, so the impeller (or gear train) Vibration can only occur in the axial direction.
本实用新型采用模拟静止不动的叶轮。主要利用共振法的原理，通过信号发生器的输出功率经功率放大器的放大处理，通过安装在叶轮上的激振器对叶轮进行激振，信号发生器的输出功率可调节，从而能够控制对叶轮激励的大小，叶轮的振动情况可以通过安装在叶轮附近的拾振器通过示波器来显示。用激振器以一定的频率激发叶轮振动，这时叶轮的振动波由激振力作用点沿圆周向反向传播，两波传到激振点对径处相遇，若激振力频率不同于叶轮自振频率时，则两波在相遇时相位不等，其振幅不会变大，也就不会出现共振现象，不会出现稳定不振的节径(线)。当激振力频率等于叶轮自振频率，两波在激振点对经处相遇时，两波相位相同，各自再继续传播时，均与原振动同相，使各处振幅相互叠加达最大值，这时叶轮沿圆周方向上各处振幅相等，最大振幅处恒为最大、不振处亦然一直基本不振，即形成节径(线)。叶轮同样是弹性体，具有多个自由度，即对应多个自振频率。随着激振力频率的增加叶轮节径(线)增加、其对应自振频率升高。利用共振原理，即可测出叶轮不同振型及对应自振频率。节径（线）在叶轮上的表现可以通过细沙的运动来体现。 The utility model adopts a simulated stationary impeller. Mainly using the principle of resonance method, the output power of the signal generator is amplified by the power amplifier, and the impeller is excited by the vibrator installed on the impeller. The output power of the signal generator can be adjusted, so that the impeller can be controlled The size of the excitation and the vibration of the impeller can be displayed by the oscilloscope through the vibration pickup installed near the impeller. Use the exciter to excite the impeller to vibrate at a certain frequency. At this time, the vibration wave of the impeller propagates backward from the point of excitation force along the circumference, and the two waves reach the opposite diameter of the excitation point and meet. If the frequency of the excitation force is different from When the natural frequency of the impeller is high, the phases of the two waves are not equal when they meet, and the amplitude will not increase, so there will be no resonance phenomenon, and there will be no stable pitch diameter (line). When the frequency of the excitation force is equal to the natural frequency of the impeller, when the two waves meet at the opposite point of the excitation point, the phases of the two waves are the same. At this time, the amplitude of the impeller along the circumferential direction is equal, the maximum amplitude is always the largest, and the vibration is also basically stable, that is, the pitch diameter (line) is formed. The impeller is also an elastic body with multiple degrees of freedom, corresponding to multiple natural frequencies. As the frequency of the exciting force increases, the pitch diameter (line) of the impeller increases, and its corresponding natural frequency increases. Using the principle of resonance, the different vibration modes of the impeller and the corresponding natural frequency can be measured. The performance of the pitch diameter (line) on the impeller can be reflected by the movement of fine sand.
使用时，应熟悉各种仪器的正确使用方法，按图接好线路，经检查后方可接通电源，将信号发生器输出细调放在最小位置，功率放大器调节旋钮旋至最小位置。合上总电源，细听激振力功率放大器的风扇（冷却用）转动是否有异常，若有异常声音、或有摩擦声应立即拉断总电源查明原因。检查激振器与叶轮的距离，保持在2-5mm左右的间隙，并且保持布置在叶轮的外缘，然后在叶轮平面铺上均匀细沙。以上准备工作做完，确认无误后方可进行实验。将信号发生器的输出细调旋钮逐渐开大，电流表的指示不要超过2A，直至叶轮上细沙有明显的振动，逐渐形成节径(线)为止。逐渐增加激振频率，使叶轮出现m=1,m=2,m=3,m=3,m=4,m=5,m=6六种振型，记录其振动频率。测试完毕，应首先将功率放大器输出细调旋至最小（电压为0），关闭所有电源开关即可。 When using, you should be familiar with the correct use of various instruments, connect the lines according to the diagram, and then turn on the power after inspection, put the signal generator output fine adjustment at the minimum position, and turn the power amplifier adjustment knob to the minimum position. Turn on the main power supply, and listen carefully to see if there is any abnormal rotation of the fan (for cooling) of the excitation power amplifier. If there is any abnormal sound or friction sound, immediately pull off the main power supply to find out the reason. Check the distance between the exciter and the impeller, keep a gap of about 2-5mm, and keep it arranged on the outer edge of the impeller, and then spread even fine sand on the impeller plane. After the above preparatory work is completed, the experiment can only be carried out after confirmation. Turn up the output fine adjustment knob of the signal generator gradually, and the indication of the ammeter should not exceed 2A, until the fine sand on the impeller vibrates obviously, and the pitch diameter (line) gradually forms. Gradually increase the excitation frequency, so that the impeller has six vibration modes: m=1, m=2, m=3, m=3, m=4, m=5, m=6, and record the vibration frequency. After the test is completed, the power amplifier output should be fine-tuned to the minimum (voltage is 0), and all power switches should be turned off.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103353383A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-10-16 | 沈阳工程学院 | Experimental apparatus for testing vibration mode of simulated impeller of turbine |
| CN105372068A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-03-02 | 华中科技大学 | Test device for simulating and testing turbine generator set shaft system torsional vibration and strength |
| CN109932151A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-25 | 东北大学 | A kind of lower integral blade disk pitch diameter exercise test device and method of wave-passage excitation effect |
-
2013
- 2013-07-31 CN CN201320461158.XU patent/CN203479487U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103353383A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-10-16 | 沈阳工程学院 | Experimental apparatus for testing vibration mode of simulated impeller of turbine |
| CN103353383B (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-12-23 | 沈阳工程学院 | Steam turbine simulated impeller vibration mode test experimental provision |
| CN105372068A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-03-02 | 华中科技大学 | Test device for simulating and testing turbine generator set shaft system torsional vibration and strength |
| CN105372068B (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-08-31 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of simulation test shafting torsional vibration of turbo-generator set and the assay device of intensity thereof |
| CN109932151A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-25 | 东北大学 | A kind of lower integral blade disk pitch diameter exercise test device and method of wave-passage excitation effect |
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