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CN203443871U - Free-surface-orientated ultra-precision nanoindentation and nanoscratch processing system - Google Patents

Free-surface-orientated ultra-precision nanoindentation and nanoscratch processing system Download PDF

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CN203443871U
CN203443871U CN201320527179.7U CN201320527179U CN203443871U CN 203443871 U CN203443871 U CN 203443871U CN 201320527179 U CN201320527179 U CN 201320527179U CN 203443871 U CN203443871 U CN 203443871U
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fixed
precision
flexible hinge
indenter
processing system
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赵宏伟
高景
韩磊
董晓龙
鲁帅
佟达
邵明坤
程虹丙
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Jilin University
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Jilin University
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Abstract

本实用新型涉及一种面向自由面的超精密纳米压痕划痕加工系统,属于光机电一体化的精密科学仪器领域。六自由度自适应式方位调节精密定位的载物台通过底架固定在环境仓上,Z轴方向的压电陶瓷精密进给单元和Z轴方向的滚珠丝杠粗进给传动机构均与螺母座相连,载荷信号检测单元固定在柔性铰链与金刚石压头夹持单元之间;位移信号检测单元均布于柔性铰链上,压头夹持单元固定在柔性铰链上,Z轴方向进给机构固定于环境仓上。优点在于:保证了材料加工的稳定性与精确性,对材料科学、微电子技术、生物医学和国防军工等领域将起到推动促进作用。

Figure 201320527179

The utility model relates to an ultra-precise nano-indentation scratch processing system facing a free surface, which belongs to the field of precision scientific instruments integrating opto-mechanical and electrical. The six-degree-of-freedom self-adaptive azimuth adjustment precision positioning stage is fixed on the environmental chamber through the chassis, the piezoelectric ceramic precision feed unit in the Z-axis direction and the ball screw coarse feed transmission mechanism in the Z-axis direction are connected with the nut The load signal detection unit is fixed between the flexible hinge and the diamond indenter clamping unit; the displacement signal detection unit is evenly distributed on the flexible hinge, the indenter clamping unit is fixed on the flexible hinge, and the Z-axis direction feed mechanism is fixed on the environmental compartment. The advantage is that it ensures the stability and accuracy of material processing, and will play a role in promoting the fields of material science, microelectronics technology, biomedicine, and national defense and military industry.

Figure 201320527179

Description

Ultraprecise nano impress cut system of processing towards free face
Technical field
The utility model relates to the exact science instrument field of optical, mechanical and electronic integration, particularly a kind of ultraprecise nano impress cut system of processing towards free face, and the nanometer pressures/cut during the Micro Mechanical Properties that can be used for all kinds of test specimens or material detects is processed.
Background technology
Along with industrial modernization, scale, industrialization, and the development of new and high technology and defense technology, more and more higher to the requirement of various material surface performances.The eighties in 20th century, Modern Surface Technology is described as one of ten large technology of tool development prospect by International Technology circle.Late 1980s is the high-and-new science and technology that country rises in prosperities such as the U.S., Japan, due to its huge application prospect, therefore since coming out, nanometer technique has been subject to national governments and scholar's generally attention, be one of popular research field of current scientific and technological circle, it mainly comprises nano impress (Nanoindentation), nanometer cut (Nanoscratch), atomic force microscope (AFM), MEMS (micro electro mechanical system) (MEMS) special test technology (as micro-stretching etc.) and Related Supporting Technologies etc.Nano impress wherein, scratch test method is a kind of new mechanical test method growing up on traditional Bu Shi and Vickers hardness test basis, it is by the seaming chuck loading of stepless control sample and uninstall process and record load and displacement data, by thereby these data analysis being drawn to the mechanical performance index of material, this method of testing advantage is from load-displacement curve, directly to measure the mechanical property of material and the area that do not need to measure impression, therefore even if the degree of depth is in nanometer range, as long as the measuring accuracy of load and depth displacement is enough high, also can obtain the mechanical property of material.
6-dof motion platform is by six pressurized struts, upper and lower each six universal couplings and upper and lower two platforms form, lower platform is fixed on basis, stretching motion by six pressurized struts, complete upper mounting plate in the motion of space six-freedom degree, thereby can simulate various spatial movement attitudes.Can be widely applied to various training simulators as fields such as flight simulator, ship simulator, naval's helicopter landing analog platform, tank simulator, automobile driving simulator, train driving simulator, earthquake simulator and simulation film, amusement equipment, even can use the docking of space spaceship, in the oiling docking of tanker aircraft.In processing industry, can be made into six-axis linkage lathe, handyman etc.Development due to 6-dof motion platform, relate to machinery, hydraulic pressure, electric, control, computing machine, sensor, spatial movement mathematical model, real-Time Signal Transfer are processed, figure shows, a series of high-tech areas of dynamic simulation etc., thereby the development of 6-dof motion platform has become institution of higher learning, institute in the significant symbol of hydraulic pressure and control field level.6-dof motion platform is the imperial crown level product in transmission and control technology field, has grasped it, in transmission and control field, substantially just there is no a difficult problem.
At present, increasingly mature with developed country's nano impress such as the U.S., Britain, Switzerland, cut technology, and realized in the commercialization of the test of nano impress/cut, processing unit (plant), and China lacks core technology only in the starting stage to this field, and few for the development research of ultraprecise nano impress, cut processing unit (plant), hindered the development of China in association area.Therefore, be necessary that research and development catch up with and surpass developed country towards ultraprecise free face nano impress cut system of processing ,Zhe Nengwei China in the detection of material Micromechanics, processing and research field solid guarantee is provided.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of ultraprecise nano impress cut system of processing towards free face, has solved the problems referred to above that prior art exists.It is a kind of super-precision trans-scale nano impress cut system of processing that collects driving, loading, detection, the adjusting of six degree of freedom self-adapting type orientation, ultraprecise impression, cut.The utility model not only can be realized the Precision Machining to the impression of flat work pieces and cut, more can realize the impression of curve surface work pieces and the Precision Machining of cut and detection, and the impression to curved-surface materials in reality, cut process requirements does not occupy the minority, sclerotin pressure/the cut in biomedicine for example, ultraprecise Machining of Curved Surface etc., these all propose higher requirement to the precision in nano impress and cut process, and the utility model can be realized the accurate location to the location of workpiece, guarantee measuring accuracy, this is to new material new process, precision optics, microelectric technique and semiconductor technology, carplane key components and parts is manufactured, Ferrous Metallurgy, biomedical engineering, MEMS (micro electro mechanical system) (MEMS) technology, the development of the High-tech Industry Cluster such as nanometer engineering and defence and military has very important support impetus and wide industry using value.Detecting unit, pressure head grip unit, the environment storehouse of objective table, the ball-screw coarse feed gear train of Z-direction and piezoelectric ceramics precision feeding unit, load signal and the displacement signal of Z-direction that the utility model is mainly located by six degree of freedom self-adapting type orientation adjustment precision form.The objective table of adjustment precision location, six degree of freedom self-adapting type orientation can guarantee the exact position of workpiece, the coarse feed gear train of Z-direction can rapid adjustment diamond penetrator and workpiece between position, piezoelectric ceramics precision feeding unit guarantees that diamond penetrator is pressed into material internal, and environment storehouse guarantees special material requirement to physical field in process of press in.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Ultraprecise nano impress cut system of processing towards free face, the objective table that comprises adjustment precision location, six degree of freedom self-adapting type orientation, the ball-screw coarse feed gear train of Z-direction, the piezoelectric ceramics precision feeding unit of Z-direction, load signal detecting unit, the detecting unit of displacement signal, pressure head grip unit and environment storehouse, the objective table of adjustment precision location, described six degree of freedom self-adapting type orientation is fixed on environment storehouse 6, the piezoelectric ceramics precision feeding unit of Z-direction and the ball-screw coarse feed gear train of Z-direction are all connected with nut seat 22, load signal detecting unit 8 is fixed between flexible hinge 20 and diamond penetrator grip unit, displacement signal detecting unit 27 is distributed on flexible hinge 20, and pressure head grip unit is fixed on flexible hinge 20.
The objective table of described adjustment precision location, six degree of freedom self-adapting type orientation is by base plate 13, piezoelectricity master cylinder 14, article carrying platform 16 forms, described base plate 13 is connected with fixed block 11, three fixed blocks 11 are distributed on base plate 13, described piezoelectricity master cylinder 14 is connected with contiguous block 15 with fixed block 11, three contiguous blocks 15 are distributed on article carrying platform 16, and form complementary angle with fixed block, the vertical view of three contiguous blocks and three fixed block formations is regular hexagon, described article carrying platform is connected with contiguous block, the objective table integral body of described adjustment precision location, six degree of freedom self-adapting type orientation utilizes trip bolt I 12 to be fixed on environment storehouse 6 by base plate 13.
The ball-screw coarse feed gear train of described Z-direction is by pacifying river AC servo motor 1, feed rod 3, ball-screw 25 forms, described peace river AC servo motor 1 output shaft is connected with shaft coupling 26, motor provides the coarse feed of Z-direction, motor has self-locking and carries scrambler, can realize the detection to rotating speed, form half-closed loop control, peace river AC servo motor 1 integral body is fixed on environment storehouse 6 by trip bolt V 30, described feed rod 3 is fixed on environment storehouse 6 by feed rod nut 2, and be connected with flexible hinge 20, spring 5 is placed on feed rod 3, play pretension effect, described ball-screw 25 is connected by shaft coupling pin 4 with shaft coupling 26, ball-screw 25 is connected with feed screw nut 23 simultaneously, to rotatablely move and change into rectilinear motion, the displacement of transmission motor, feed screw nut 23 is fixed on nut seat 22 by trip bolt III 24.
The piezoelectric ceramics precision feeding unit of described Z-direction is mainly comprised of flexible hinge 20, piezoelectric ceramics 19, described piezoelectric ceramics 19 is installed in flexible hinge 20, and fixing by trip bolt IV 29 by block 28, four flexible hinges 20 are connected and are fixed by trip bolt II 21 with nut seat 22, can realize and guarantee the displacement of Z axis single direction.
Described load signal detecting unit is comprised of high-resolution power sensor 8, can realize the pressure head stressing conditions detecting in impression and cut process, and described power sensor 8 is fixed between flexible hinge 20 and diamond penetrator grip unit.
Described displacement signal detecting unit is comprised of 16 tearing strain sheets 27, and described 16 tearing strain sheets are distributed on flexible hinge 20.
Described pressure head grip unit is comprised of pressure head 10, laser focusing instrument 17, cramping body 9, described pressure head grip unit integral body is connected by connecting link 18 with power sensor 8, described cramping body 9 can be realized the fixing and replacing to pressure head 10, adopt counterweight mode that laser focusing instrument 17 is fixed on cramping body, guarantee that pressure head is not because laser focusing instrument is offset, laser focusing instrument 17 can be realized and guarantee that pressure head is vertically pressed into workpiece, by detecting, the objective table of six degree of freedom self-adapting type orientation adjustment precision location is carried out to position adjustment, form closed-loop control.
Isolating exterior environment can be realized in described environment storehouse 6, by bottom pore, internal environment can be evacuated, hatchcover 7 is from belt switch, be convenient to fetch and deliver workpiece, proving installation can be goed deep in environment storehouse 6, mechanical behavior and damage status that observation workpiece occurs in impression, cut process, thereby the crudy of strong guarantee to free face impression cut.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: for planar materials, curved-surface materials provide the job operation of impression and cut more accurately, its load deflection resolution of the process technology the utility model proposes and method reaches nanoscale, loading force resolution reaches micro-ox level.By adjustable hatchcover, observation high-resolution digital micro imaging system can be deep in environment storehouse to observation workpiece deformation damage situation in impression cut process.By the displacement in process, acting force, accurately control, to processing test specimen surface imperfection, damage etc., can reach real-time monitored, guaranteed stability and the accuracy of materials processing.The utility model patent will play promotion facilitation to fields such as material science, microelectric technique, biomedicine and defence and militaries.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present utility model, forms the application's a part, and illustrative example of the present utility model and explanation thereof are used for explaining the utility model, do not form improper restriction of the present utility model.
Fig. 1 is that master of the present utility model looks half section schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is that environment of the present utility model storehouse cuts open four/normal axomometric drawing for the moment;
Fig. 3 is the objective table axonometric drawing of adjustment precision location, six degree of freedom self-adapting type of the present utility model orientation;
Fig. 4 is piezoelectric ceramics precision feeding unit shaft mapping of the present utility model;
Fig. 5 is grip unit axonometric drawing of the present utility model.
In figure: 1. pacify river AC servo motor; 2. feed rod nut; 3. feed rod; 4. shaft coupling pin; 5. spring; 6. environment storehouse; 7, hatchcover; 8. power sensor; 9. pressure head clamper; 10. diamond penetrator; 11. fixed blocks; 12. trip bolt I; 13. base plates; 14. piezoelectricity master cylinders; 15. contiguous blocks; 16. objective tables; 17. laser focusing instruments; 18. connecting links; 19. piezoelectric ceramics; 20. flexible hinges; 21. trip bolt II; 22. nut seats; 23. feed screw nuts; 24. trip bolt III; 25. ball-screws; 26. shaft couplings; 27. foil gauges; 28. blocks; 29. trip bolt IV; 30. trip bolt V.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, further illustrate detailed content of the present utility model and embodiment thereof.
Referring to shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, ultraprecise nano impress cut system of processing towards free face of the present utility model, the objective table that comprises adjustment precision location, six degree of freedom self-adapting type orientation, the ball-screw coarse feed gear train of Z-direction, the piezoelectric ceramics precision feeding unit of Z-direction, load signal detecting unit, the detecting unit of displacement signal, pressure head grip unit and environment storehouse, the objective table of adjustment precision location, described six degree of freedom self-adapting type orientation is fixed on environment storehouse 6, the piezoelectric ceramics precision feeding unit of Z-direction and the ball-screw coarse feed gear train of Z-direction are all connected with nut seat 22, load signal detecting unit 8 is fixed between flexible hinge 20 and diamond penetrator grip unit, displacement signal detecting unit 27 is distributed on flexible hinge 20, and pressure head grip unit is fixed on flexible hinge 20.
The objective table of described adjustment precision location, six degree of freedom self-adapting type orientation is by base plate 13, piezoelectricity master cylinder 14, article carrying platform 16 forms, described base plate 13 is connected with fixed block 11, three fixed blocks 11 are distributed on base plate 13, described piezoelectricity master cylinder 14 is connected with contiguous block 15 with fixed block 11, three contiguous blocks 15 are distributed on article carrying platform 16, and form complementary angle with fixed block, the vertical view of three contiguous blocks and three fixed block formations is regular hexagon, described article carrying platform is connected with contiguous block, the objective table integral body of described adjustment precision location, six degree of freedom self-adapting type orientation is fixed on environment storehouse 6 and by trip bolt I and is fixed by base plate.
The ball-screw coarse feed gear train of described Z-direction is by pacifying river AC servo motor 1, feed rod 3, ball-screw 25 forms, described peace river AC servo motor 1 is connected with shaft coupling 26, motor provides the coarse feed of Z-direction, motor has self-locking and carries scrambler, can realize the detection to rotating speed, form half-closed loop control, peace river AC servo motor 1 integral body is fixed on environment storehouse 6 by trip bolt V 30, described feed rod 3 is fixed on environment storehouse 6 by feed rod nut 2, and be connected with flexible hinge 20, spring 5 is placed on feed rod 3, play pretension effect, described ball-screw 25 is connected by shaft coupling pin 4 with shaft coupling 26, ball-screw 25 is connected with feed screw nut 23 simultaneously, the displacement of transmission motor, feed screw nut 23 is fixed on nut seat 22 by trip bolt III 24, the displacement of transmission motor.
The piezoelectric ceramics precision feeding unit of described Z-direction is comprised of flexible hinge 20, piezoelectric ceramics 19, described piezoelectric ceramics 19 is installed in flexible hinge 20, and fixing by trip bolt IV 29 by block 28, four flexible hinges 20 are connected and are fixed by trip bolt II 21 with nut seat 22, can realize and guarantee the displacement of Z axis single direction.
Described load signal detecting unit is comprised of high-resolution power sensor 8, can realize the pressure head stressing conditions detecting in impression and cut process, and described power sensor 8 is fixed between flexible hinge 20 and diamond penetrator grip unit.
Described displacement signal detecting unit is comprised of 16 tearing strain sheets 27, and described 16 tearing strain sheets are distributed on flexible hinge 20, can realize the displacement of Accurate Measurement in the micro-feeding process of piezoelectric ceramics 19.
Described pressure head grip unit is comprised of pressure head 10, laser focusing instrument 17, cramping body 9, described pressure head grip unit integral body is connected by connecting link 18 with power sensor 8, described cramping body 9 can be realized the fixing and replacing to pressure head 10, adopt counterweight mode that laser focusing instrument 17 is fixed on cramping body, guarantee that pressure head is not because laser focusing instrument is offset, laser focusing instrument 17 can be realized and guarantee that pressure head is vertically pressed into workpiece, by detecting, the objective table of six degree of freedom self-adapting type orientation adjustment precision location is carried out to position adjustment, form closed-loop control.
Isolating exterior environment can be realized in described environment storehouse 6, by bottom pore, internal environment can be evacuated, hatchcover 7 is from belt switch, be convenient to fetch and deliver workpiece, proving installation can be goed deep in environment storehouse 6, mechanical behavior and damage status that observation workpiece occurs in impression, cut process, thereby the crudy of strong guarantee to free face impression cut.
Ultraprecise nano impress cut system of processing towards free face of the present utility model, there is Z-direction precision feeding unit, coarse feed gear train, described coarse feed mechanism power provides by pacifying river AC servo motor 1, can realize self-locking, and carry scrambler, can realize the half-closed loop control to motor speed.Peace river AC servo motor 1 is connected with shaft coupling 26, realizes the coarse feed of Z-direction by ball-screw 25.Coarse feed gear train is connected by nut seat 22 with piezoelectric ceramics essence feed unit, and the Z-direction of nut seat is moved by four feed rods 3, and carries out pretension by spring 5.Described piezoelectric ceramics precision feeding unit 19 is mounted in four flexible hinges 20, and be fixed by block 28, uniform four flexible hinges guarantee Z-directions progress greatly to, on four flexible hinges, post 16 tearing strain sheets 27, the displacement of pressure head process of press in is carried out to precision measurement simultaneously.Described load signal is provided by power sensor 8, and power sensor 8 is connected with pressure head clamper 9 with flexible hinge 20, by power sensor 8, can be realized the stressing conditions of pressure head process of press in is accurately measured.The replaceable different types of pressure head of described pressure head clamper 9, is directly connected with power sensor 8.The objective table of described adjustment precision location, six degree of freedom self-adapting type orientation, can realize the accurate location to the location of workpiece, objective table 16 forms closed-loop control with the laser focusing instrument 17 being fixed in grip unit, by laser focusing instrument 17, the precise angle of pressure head and surface of the work can be measured, for guaranteeing that pressure head can be realized along the normal of free face, be pressed into and provide safeguard, also can meet different experiments demand simultaneously.Except peace river AC servo motor 1 and feed rod nut 2, entire system is arranged in environment storehouse 6, the objective table of described adjustment precision location, six degree of freedom self-adapting type orientation is fixed on environment storehouse by base plate 13, the piezoelectric ceramics precision feeding unit of the ball-screw coarse feed gear train of described Z-direction and Z-direction, the detecting unit of load signal and displacement signal, pressure head grip unit is fixed on 6 upper ends, environment storehouse, in experimentation, can observation high-resolution digital micro imaging system can be deep in environment storehouse 6 according to demand, observation workpiece deformation damage situation in impression cut process, if any special material, need to control adjustable hatchcover 7 to workpiece environment, make environment storehouse 6 integrally closeds, circular hole by bottom regulates and controls whole experimental situation.
In nano-indenter test, because the contact force between diamond penetrator and test specimen is generally, ox level is even lower in the least, and each link deflection of mechanical system is very small, and the degree of depth of pressure head Specimen can record by 16 tearing strain sheets 27; And the contact load that in Indentation Process, diamond penetrator 10 imposes on test specimen surface can pick up by micro-force sensor 8, by the displacement in process, acting force, accurately control, to processing test specimen surface imperfection, damage etc., can reach real-time monitored, guarantee stability and the accuracy of materials processing.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, be not limited to the utility model, for a person skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and variations.All any modifications that the utility model is done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (8)

1.一种面向自由面的超精密纳米压痕划痕加工系统,其特征在于:包括六自由度自适应式方位调节精密定位的载物台、Z轴方向的滚珠丝杠粗进给传动机构、Z轴方向的压电陶瓷精密进给单元、载荷信号检测单元、位移信号的检测单元、压头夹持单元及环境仓,所述六自由度自适应式方位调节精密定位的载物台固定在环境仓(6)上,Z轴方向的压电陶瓷精密进给单元和Z轴方向的滚珠丝杠粗进给传动机构均与螺母座(22)相连,载荷信号检测单元(8)固定在柔性铰链(20)与金刚石压头夹持单元之间;位移信号检测单元(27)均布于柔性铰链(20)上,压头夹持单元固定在柔性铰链(20)上。 1. An ultra-precision nano-indentation scratch processing system facing free surfaces, characterized in that: it includes a six-degree-of-freedom self-adaptive azimuth adjustment and precise positioning stage, and a ball screw coarse feed transmission mechanism in the Z-axis direction , a piezoelectric ceramic precision feed unit in the Z-axis direction, a load signal detection unit, a displacement signal detection unit, an indenter clamping unit and an environment chamber, and the six-degree-of-freedom self-adaptive azimuth adjustment precision positioning stage is fixed On the environmental chamber (6), the piezoelectric ceramic precision feed unit in the Z-axis direction and the ball screw coarse feed transmission mechanism in the Z-axis direction are connected to the nut seat (22), and the load signal detection unit (8) is fixed on Between the flexible hinge (20) and the diamond indenter clamping unit; the displacement signal detection units (27) are evenly distributed on the flexible hinge (20), and the indenter clamping unit is fixed on the flexible hinge (20). 2.根据权利要求1所述的面向自由面的超精密纳米压痕划痕加工系统,其特征在于:所述的六自由度自适应式方位调节精密定位的载物台由底板(13)、压电控制缸(14)、载物平台(16)组成,所述底板(13)与固定块(11)相连,三个固定块(11)均布于底板(13)上,所述压电控制缸(14)与固定块(11)和连接块(15)相连,三个连接块(15)均布于载物平台(16)上,并与固定块形成互补角度,即三个连接块和三个固定块构成的俯视图为正六边形,所述的载物平台与连接块相连,所述的六自由度自适应式方位调节精密定位的载物台整体通过底板固定于环境仓(6)上。 2. The free-surface-facing ultra-precision nano-indentation scratch processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the six-degree-of-freedom self-adaptive azimuth adjustment and precise positioning of the stage consists of a bottom plate (13), Composed of a piezoelectric control cylinder (14) and a loading platform (16), the bottom plate (13) is connected to the fixed block (11), and the three fixed blocks (11) are evenly distributed on the bottom plate (13). The control cylinder (14) is connected with the fixed block (11) and the connecting block (15). The three connecting blocks (15) are evenly distributed on the loading platform (16) and form a complementary angle with the fixed block, that is, the three connecting blocks The top view formed by the three fixed blocks is a regular hexagon, the loading platform is connected to the connecting block, and the six-degree-of-freedom self-adaptive azimuth adjustment and precise positioning of the loading platform is fixed to the environmental chamber through the bottom plate (6 )superior. 3.根据权利要求1所述的面向自由面的超精密纳米压痕划痕加工系统,其特征在于:所述的Z轴方向的滚珠丝杠粗进给传动机构由安川交流伺服电机(1)、光杠(3)、滚珠丝杠(25)组成,所述安川交流伺服电机(1)与联轴器(26)相连,电机提供Z轴方向的粗进给,电机具有自锁并自带编码器,能够实现对转速的检测,形成半闭环控制,所述光杠(3)通过光杠螺母(2)固定于环境仓(6)上,并与柔性铰链(20)相连,弹簧(5)套于光杠(3),起到预紧作用,所述的滚珠丝杠(25)与联轴器(26)相连,传输电机的位移。 3. The ultra-precision nano-indentation and scratch processing system facing free surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ball screw coarse feed transmission mechanism in the Z-axis direction is driven by Yaskawa AC servo motor (1) , light rod (3), ball screw (25), the Yaskawa AC servo motor (1) is connected with the coupling (26), the motor provides coarse feed in the Z-axis direction, the motor has self-locking and comes with The encoder can realize the detection of the rotational speed and form a semi-closed-loop control. The light rod (3) is fixed on the environmental chamber (6) through the light rod nut (2), and is connected with the flexible hinge (20), and the spring (5 ) is placed on the feed rod (3) to play a pre-tightening role, and the ball screw (25) is connected with the shaft coupling (26) to transmit the displacement of the motor. 4.根据权利要求1所述的面向自由面的超精密纳米压痕划痕加工系统,其特征在于:所述的Z轴方向的压电陶瓷精密进给单元由柔性铰链(20)、压电陶瓷(19)组成,所述压电陶瓷(19)安装于柔性铰链(20)中,并由挡块(28)固定,四个柔性铰链(20)与螺母座(22)相连,能够实现保证Z轴单一方向位移。 4. The free-surface-facing ultra-precision nano-indentation scratch processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the piezoelectric ceramic precision feed unit in the Z-axis direction is composed of a flexible hinge (20), a piezoelectric Composed of ceramics (19), the piezoelectric ceramics (19) are installed in the flexible hinge (20) and fixed by the stopper (28), and the four flexible hinges (20) are connected with the nut seat (22), which can realize the guarantee Z-axis single-direction displacement. 5.根据权利要求1所述的面向自由面的超精密纳米压痕划痕加工系统,其特征在于:所述的载荷信号检测单元由高分辨率的力传感器(8)组成,能够实现检测压痕和划痕过程中的压头受力情况,所述力传感器(8)固定在柔性铰链(20)与压头夹持单元之间。 5. The free-surface-oriented ultra-precision nano-indentation and scratch processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the load signal detection unit is composed of a high-resolution force sensor (8), capable of detecting pressure The stress on the indenter during the marking and scratching process, the force sensor (8) is fixed between the flexible hinge (20) and the indenter clamping unit. 6.根据权利要求1所述的面向自由面的超精密纳米压痕划痕加工系统,其特征在于:所述的位移信号检测单元由十六张应变片(27)所组成,所述十六张应变片均布于柔性铰链(20)上。 6. The free-surface-facing ultra-precision nano-indentation scratch processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the displacement signal detection unit is composed of sixteen strain gauges (27), and the sixteen Tensile strain gauges are evenly distributed on the flexible hinge (20). 7.根据权利要求1或5所述的面向自由面的超精密纳米压痕划痕加工系统,其特征在于:所述的压头夹持单元由压头(10)、激光对焦仪(17)、夹持体(9)组成,所述压头夹持单元整体与力传感器(8)相连,所述夹持体(9)能够实现对压头(10)的固定与更换,采用配重方式将激光对焦仪(17)固定于夹持体上,保证压头不因激光对焦仪而偏移,激光对焦仪(17)能够实现保证压头垂直压入工件,通过检测对六自由度自适应式方位调节精密定位的载物台进行位置调整,形成闭环控制。 7. The free-surface-facing ultra-precision nano-indentation and scratch processing system according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: the indenter clamping unit consists of an indenter (10), a laser focuser (17) , clamping body (9), the clamping unit of the pressure head is connected to the force sensor (8) as a whole, the clamping body (9) can realize the fixing and replacement of the pressure head (10), and adopts the method of counterweight Fix the laser focuser (17) on the clamping body to ensure that the indenter does not shift due to the laser focuser. The laser focuser (17) can ensure that the indenter is vertically pressed into the workpiece, and the six degrees of freedom are self-adaptive through detection. Adjust the position of the precise positioning stage with azimuth adjustment to form a closed-loop control. 8.根据权利要求1所述的面向自由面的超精密纳米压痕划痕加工系统,其特征在于:所述的环境仓(6)能够实现隔离外部环境,通过底部气孔能够将内部环境抽成真空,舱盖(7)自带开关,便于取送工件,可将测试装置深入环境仓(6)内,观测工件在压痕、划痕过程中发生的力学行为和损伤状况,从而有力保证对自由面压痕划痕的加工质量。 8. The free-surface-oriented ultra-precision nano-indentation scratch processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the environmental chamber (6) can isolate the external environment, and the internal environment can be pumped into Vacuum, the hatch cover (7) has its own switch, which is convenient for taking and delivering the workpiece. The test device can be inserted deep into the environmental chamber (6) to observe the mechanical behavior and damage of the workpiece during the process of indentation and scratching, so as to effectively ensure the correctness of the workpiece. Processing quality of free surface indentation scratches.
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