CN203407297U - Mechanical plant frost protection device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a mechanized plant anti-frost device, which belongs to the technical field of crop frost damage protection. The utility model uses a bevel gear mechanism, a worm gear mechanism, a transmission shaft and other components to drive the blades of the fan to rotate, and the warmer air above the plants is forced to convect to the canopy of the plants to prevent frost. The device of the mechanized plant anti-frost method includes a power input device, a base, a column, a climbing ladder, a lower gear box, a transmission shaft, an upper gear box, a central wheel, a planetary wheel and fan blades. The power input device drives the fan blades to rotate through the lower gear box and transmission shaft in the column, and the upper gear box at the top of the column, and at the same time drives the fan blades to reciprocate and revolve through the center wheel and planetary gear of the upper gear box, so as to achieve a 360°circumferential range Anti-frost, can reduce the anti-frost cost per unit area. The device of the utility model has the characteristics of large anti-frost area and low cost, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.

Description

A mechanized plant anti-frost device

technical field

The utility model relates to a method and equipment for protecting crops from frost damage, in particular to a fan device capable of preventing tea and fruit trees from frost damage in the late spring and cold. the

Background technique

Early spring, late spring, cold and late frost damage have brought serious losses to agricultural and forestry crop production, especially to tea orchards, causing huge economic losses. Late frost damage often occurs under the condition of temperature inversion in early spring. At this time, tea orchards absorb a large amount of solar radiation during the day and radiate to the sky at night, causing the temperature near the ground to drop rapidly, forming an inversion layer with high air temperature field and low temperature. Therefore, making full use of the distribution characteristics of the inversion temperature field and disturbing the air near the ground inversion layer mechanically (such as fans) to realize the forced convection of the upper and lower cold and warm airflows can effectively increase the temperature of the crop canopy and avoid and reduce frost damage. There are two technologies to realize this frost prevention principle: one is to absorb and exhaust the cold air at the canopy above the top boundary of the inversion layer; the other is to force convection of the warm air above the inversion layer to the canopy below. Corresponding air disturbance anti-frost equipment mainly includes suction-exhaust anti-frost air duct and elevated fan. the

After literature and patent retrieval, the U.S. patents whose patent numbers are US5244346 and US4501089 respectively disclose a device that uses an axial flow fan or an attached centrifugal fan to blow warm air from above to the bottom for anti-frost in orchards; the patent numbers are JP2007000096, JP2000050749 and The Japanese patent of JP10113076 discloses an elevated anti-frost fan for tea orchards. The Chinese utility model with the patent No. 201020571460.7 discloses a suction-discharge anti-frost air duct for tea orchards, which prevents frost by sucking and exhausting the cold air at the canopy of the plant to the top of the inversion layer; the Chinese invention with the patent No. 200810124434.7, A fan system control method and device for preventing plant frost damage are disclosed; Chinese utility model patent No. 201120394220.9 discloses a plant frost protection machine, which is driven by a motor, the maximum swing angle of the fan is 90°, and the wind force is the highest. The long-distance delivery distance exceeds 30 m, and multiple anti-frost machines are required to be arranged in an approximate matrix to perform anti-frost operations on a certain area of crops, and the cost of anti-frost per unit area is relatively high. the

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a mechanized plant anti-frost device. The method and device can increase the anti-frost area and reduce the anti-frost cost per unit area through the rotation and reciprocating revolution of the fan blades. the

In order to solve the above technical problems, the concrete technical scheme that the utility model adopts is as follows:

A mechanized plant anti-frost device, comprising a power input device (1), a lower gear box (3), a column (9), the input shaft of the lower gear box (3) is connected to the power input device (1) through a coupling (2) ) is horizontally connected; it is characterized in that: the center wheel (10) is fixed at the center position of the upper end surface of the column (9), and there is a gap between the upper end surface of the center wheel (10) and the bottom surface of the upper gear case (16); the support member ( The lower end of 20) is rotatably connected to the upper end of the column (9) through bearings, the support (20) supports the upper gear box (16) and the bottom surface of the upper gear box (16) is fixed on the upper surface of the support (20); vertical The output shaft of the arranged lower gear box (3) passes through the upper end surface of the column (9), the center wheel (10) and the support (20) through the transmission shaft (5), and passes through the input shaft of the upper gear box (16) The universal joint (8) is connected; the planetary wheel (11) fixed on the lower end of the longitudinal axis (12) meshes with the center wheel (10); the longitudinal axis (12) is vertically fixed on the upper and lower surfaces of the gearbox through bearings; the worm gear The worm gear of e(13) is fixedly connected to the middle position of the longitudinal axis (12), the worm of the worm gear e(13) is fixedly connected with the horizontal shaft (14); the worm gear of the worm gear f(15) is fixed with the horizontal shaft (14) connection; the horizontal shaft (14) is vertically fixed on the front and rear sides of the gearbox through bearings; the worm of the worm gear f (15) is coaxially fixedly connected with the horizontal output shaft (6) of the upper gearbox; the horizontal output shaft of the upper gearbox (6) Consolidation with the fan blade (17) through the flange (7); the climbing ladder (19) is fixedly connected in parallel with the column (9), and is located on the side of the column (9) facing away from the transmission input device (1); The rotating shaft of the fan blade is inclined downward by 8°-12° along the horizontal direction.

The rotating speed range of the fan blades is 400 rpm to 580 rpm. the

The reciprocating revolution period of the fan blades ranges from 2.5 min to 4 min. the

The power range of the power input device is 45 KW~90 KW, and it is installed on the ground next to the lower end of the column. The power input device can be an internal combustion engine or an electric motor. the

The fan blades are axial flow fan blades with a blade diameter ranging from 4 m to 6.2 m. the

The installation height of the fan blades ranges from 8 m to 12 m. the

The working process of the utility model : start the power input device (1), drive the input shaft of the lower gear box (3) to rotate through the shaft coupling (2), and realize the lower gear through a pair of bevel gears in the lower gear box (3) The rotation speed of the output shaft of the box (3) is changed, and then the input shaft of the upper gear box (16) is driven to rotate through the universal joint a (4), the transmission shaft (5) and the universal joint b (8). A pair of bevel gears in (16) realizes the change of the horizontal output shaft (6) speed of the upper gear box (16), and then realizes the rotation of the fan blade (17); at the same time, the horizontal output of the upper gear box (16) The rotation of the shaft (6) drives the worm gear f (15), and the rotation of the worm gear f (15) drives the worm gear e (13), thereby driving the planetary gear (11) to rotate around the central gear (10), and then driving the upper gear The box (16) rotates around the column (9) to realize the reciprocating revolution of the fan blade (17) within 360°.

The utility model has beneficial effects : the utility model drives the blades to rotate through the lower gear box, the upper gear box, the transmission shaft and other components, and at the same time makes the fan blades reciprocate and revolve around the column within a range of 360° through the worm gear, the planetary wheel and the center wheel , to achieve all-round large-area frost protection, which can reduce the cost of frost protection per unit area.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the appearance schematic diagram of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the transmission system of the present invention.

In the figure: 1 Power input device 2 Coupling 3 Lower gear box 4 Universal joint a 5 Transmission shaft

6 Horizontal output shaft of upper gearbox 7 Flange 8 Universal joint b 9 Column 10 Center wheel 11 Planetary wheel

12 Vertical axis 13 Worm gear e 14 Horizontal axis 15 Worm gear f 16 Upper gearbox 17 Fan blades 18 Base 19 Ladder 20 Support.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present utility model will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. the

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, each part of the utility model is connected and assembled. the

Example 1

Take tea gardens on mountain slopes as an example.

The structure and performance parameters of the mechanized plant frost protection device used are as follows: the power input device 1 is a 90 KW variable frequency motor, the model is YVP315M-6, and the protection level is IP55; the transmission ratio of the lower gearbox reducer is 1.64:1; The transmission ratio of the bevel gear of the gearbox is 1:1; the transmission ratio of the worm gear e is 15:1; the transmission ratio of the worm gear f is 20:1; The revolution period of the fan blade is 2.5 min, and the rotating shaft of the fan blade is inclined 8° in the horizontal direction; the column 9 is made of an equal-diameter cylindrical steel pipe with an outer diameter of 50.8 cm and a wall thickness of 8 cm; the installation height of the fan blade is 12 m; the base 18 is concrete, the column and the base are fixedly connected by bolts, and the top of the base is buried underground to a depth of 1.5 m. The mechanized plant anti-frost device is installed in the center of the slope tea garden. When the temperature sensor installed on the ground detects that the ground temperature is lower than the set value of the temperature sensor, the temperature sensor sends a signal to the controller, and the controller automatically starts the variable frequency motor and fan The blade transmission mechanism projects wind power to the ground, the wind power projection distance is beyond 105 m, and the effective frost protection area is more than 50 mu. the

Example 2

Take tea gardens on flat terrain as an example.

The structure and performance parameters of the mechanized plant anti-frost device are as follows: the power input device (1) is a 45 KW variable frequency motor, the model is YVP315M-6, and the protection level is IP55; the transmission ratio of the lower gearbox reducer is 2.45:1 The transmission ratio of the bevel gear of the upper gearbox is 1:1; the transmission ratio of the worm and worm gear e is 12:1; the transmission ratio of the worm and worm gear f is 15:1; rpm, the revolution period of the fan blade is 4 min, and the rotating shaft of the fan blade is inclined 10° in the horizontal direction; the column (9) is made of equal-diameter cylindrical steel pipe with an outer diameter of 50.8 cm and a wall thickness of 8 cm; the installation height of the fan blade is The base (18) is concrete, the column and the base are fixedly connected by bolts, and the top of the base is buried underground to a depth of 1.5 m. The mechanized plant anti-frost device is installed in the center of the tea garden. When the temperature sensor installed on the ground detects that the ground air temperature is lower than the set value of the temperature sensor, the temperature sensor sends a signal to the controller, and the controller automatically starts the frequency conversion motor and fan drive The organization can project wind power to the ground, and the wind power projection distance is beyond 70 m, and the effective frost protection area is more than 25 mu. the

Example 3

Take an apple orchard on flat terrain as an example.

The structure and performance parameters of the mechanized plant frost protection device used are as follows: the power input device (1) is a 75 KW variable frequency motor, the model is YVP315M-6, and the protection level is IP55; the transmission ratio of the lower gearbox reducer is 1.69:1 The transmission ratio of the bevel gear of the upper gearbox is 1:1; the transmission ratio of the worm and worm gear e is 16:1; the transmission ratio of the worm and worm gear f is 20:1; rpm, the revolution period of the fan blades is 3.5 min; the rotation axis of the fan blades is inclined 12° in the horizontal direction; the column (9) is made of equal-diameter cylindrical steel pipe with an outer diameter of 50.8 cm and a wall thickness of 8 cm; the installation height of the fan blades is The base (18) is concrete, and the column and the base are fixedly connected by bolts, and the top of the base is buried underground to a depth of 1.5 m. The mechanized plant anti-frost device is installed in the center of the apple orchard. When the temperature sensor installed on the ground detects that the ground air temperature is lower than the set value of the temperature sensor, the temperature sensor sends a signal to the controller, and the controller automatically starts the frequency conversion motor and fan The transmission mechanism sends wind power to the ground, the wind power projection distance is beyond 85 m, and the effective frost protection area is more than 35 mu. the

Claims (6)

1. A mechanized plant anti-frost device, comprising a power input device (1), a lower gear box (3), a column (9), the input shaft of the lower gear box (3) is connected to the power input device through a shaft coupling (2) (1) Horizontal connection; it is characterized in that: the center wheel (10) is fixed at the center of the upper end surface of the column (9), and there is a gap between the upper end surface of the center wheel (10) and the bottom surface of the upper gear box (16); the support The lower end of the member (20) is rotatably connected to the upper end of the column (9) through a bearing, the support member (20) supports the upper gear case (16) and the bottom surface of the upper gear case (16) is fixed on the upper surface of the support member (20) ; The output shaft of the lower gear box (3) arranged vertically passes through the upper end surface of the column (9), the center wheel (10) and the support (20) through the transmission shaft (5), and the input of the upper gear box (16) The shafts are connected by universal joints (8); the planetary gear (11) fixed at the lower end of the longitudinal shaft (12) meshes with the center wheel (10); the longitudinal shaft (12) is vertically fixed on the upper and lower surfaces of the gearbox through bearings; The worm gear of the worm gear e (13) is fixedly connected to the middle position of the longitudinal axis (12), and the worm screw of the worm gear e (13) is fixedly connected with the horizontal shaft (14); the worm gear of the worm gear f (15) is connected with the horizontal shaft (14 ) is fixedly connected; the horizontal axis (14) is vertically fixed on the front and rear sides of the gearbox through bearings; the worm of the worm gear f (15) is coaxially fixedly connected with the horizontal output shaft (6) of the upper gearbox; the horizontal output shaft (6) of the upper gearbox The output shaft (6) is consolidated with the fan blade (17) through the flange (7); the climbing ladder (19) is fixedly connected to the column (9) in parallel, and is located on the side of the column (9) facing away from the transmission input device (1). side; the rotating shaft of the fan blade is inclined down by 8°~12° along the horizontal direction. 2. The mechanized plant anti-frost device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotating speed range of the fan blades is 400 rpm to 580 rpm. 3. The mechanized plant anti-frost device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reciprocating revolution period of the fan blades ranges from 2.5 min to 4 min. 4. The mechanized plant anti-frost device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power input device has a power range of 45 KW to 90 KW, and is installed on the ground next to the lower end of the column, and the power input device can be Internal combustion engine or electric motor. 5. The mechanized plant anti-frost device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the blades of the fan are axial flow fan blades, and the diameter of the blades ranges from 4 m to 6.2 m. 6. The mechanized plant anti-frost device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the installation height of the fan blades ranges from 8 m to 12 m.

Images