CN203285897U - Friction damper - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a friction damper. The friction damper comprises a plunger and a constraint barrel, wherein the plunger is at least partially arranged in the constraint barrel. The friction damper is characterized in that at least one set of combined expansion rings are arranged on the surface of the plunger, wherein the combined expansion rings are composed of outer circular rings with inner conical surfaces and inner circular rings with outer conical surfaces in a matched mode, and the inner wall of the constraint barrel makes tight contact with the surfaces of the outer circular rings, or a wear-resisting rust-proof layer or a wear-resisting rust-proof sleeve is arranged between the restraint barrel and the outer circular rings. The friction damper is simple in structure, stable in performance, basically free of maintenance, long in service life and capable of being used continuously after being maintained, has reproducible characteristics and is extremely environmentally friendly, damping parameters can be adjusted conveniently, the damping parameters of a product can be also optimized and adjusted on site according to engineering practice, and the friction damper is better in engineering practicability and has wide market application prospects.

Description

A kind of frcition damper

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of shock and vibration, earthquake control gear, a kind of damper, the shock-damping energy-dissipating damper of especially industry buffering and building structure.

Background technique

Damper is a kind of widely used vibration control primary element, is used for machinery, the traffic tool, bridge, the vibration damping of building structure, buffering, damping, power consumption.

Modal damper is hole throttle type, also claim hydraulic oil cylinder type, it is comprised of piston, cylinder body and sealing, piston be provided with some apertures or and cylinder body between leave suitable radial clearance, piston is divided into the two-piston chamber with oil cylinder, be filled with the slightly high viscous liquid of hydraulic oil or viscosity in piston cavity, as silicone oil, when piston during with respect to cylinder movement, hydraulic oil from piston clearance or aperture flow to another piston cavity, the resistance to motion of the poor formation of two-piston cavity pressure to piston, the acting, mechanical energy is converted into heat energy, thereby reaches the purpose that absorbs outside energy.This damper is updated through decades, and is very perfect.But, due to the structure aspect, have born defect, for example must adopt strict sealing, complex structure, responsive to machining accuracy and parts reliability, cost is high, and the life-span is short, can't keep in repair, and working oil leaks easy befouling environment etc.Common damper also comprises buckling restrained brace and metallic damper, these dampers are mainly used in building antiseismic field, and this type of damper is usually only for the macroseism design, and displacement is limited, yield force and displacement and circulation cycle have coherence, can't keep in repair and reuse.

Another kind of damper commonly used is frcition damper, and it is used for bridge, the energy dissipating buffering of building structure, energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing.At present, frcition damper commonly used mainly is divided into two classes: a class utilizes calutron to control force of sliding friction, the application number 018007365.4 disclosed a kind of magnetically controlled friction damper of patent for example, this type of damper structure is complicated, need certain energy in using process, thus cost and user cost all higher; The another kind of Der Grundsatz der Maschinen of utilizing is controlled force of sliding friction, on market, this type of commonly used frcition damper mainly contains flat and two kinds of circular pipe types, for example the application number 200810056406.6 disclosed a kind of plate-type friction-changing dampers of patent and the disclosed a kind of linear displacement friction damper of application number 200910210939.X patent.In prior art, flat frcition damper mainly is comprised of slide plate and clamping plate, compress by pretension bolt and spring assembling again, owing to having used spring in structure, pretightening force is less, is difficult to realize large damping force output, if think significantly to improve pretightening force, the spring requisite space is too large, and poor practicability uses separately that pretension bolt can't keep again that damping force is long-time, many cycles is stable; The frcition damper of circular pipe type mainly is comprised of urceolus and piston, interference fit by urceolus and piston forms the required positive pressure of rubbing surface, this type of frcition damper in the course of the work, can't keep rubbing surface and be in all the time high compressive pre-stress state, in case wearing and tearing appear in piston or outer tube inner wall, exert oneself and will decline to a great extent, damping capacity is unstable, is difficult to meet the many cycles usage requirement.In addition, because this type of damper requires very highly to the mated condition of urceolus and piston, so assembling difficulty is large, and performance parameter is wayward, and can't keep in repair and reuse.

Defect for above-mentioned damper, application number is that 201220208910.5 patent discloses a kind of friction damper, it utilizes pretension annulus or pretension cotton rope to form the tighting device for support of hoop closure, stable circumference stress is provided, produce at plunger with when approximately bundled tube relatively moves the friction damping force that continues, realize the effect of power consumption.Although this friction damper can be realized larger damping force output, damping capacity is more stable, applicability is also better, but also there is certain shortcoming, show: when (1) utilizes the pretension annulus as tighting device for support, the damping parameter of friction damper is fixed, and can't carry out scene adjustment according to the engineering actual conditions; When (2) the pretension cotton rope formed tighting device for support, it was wound around applying under the state of pretightening force, the processing technology more complicated, the manipulator that needs specialty, misoperation, damping parameter will change, and therefore generally also can't carry out at the scene parameter adjustment.

How to overcome the defect of existing frcition damper, make its needs that meet better the engineering application, become this series products must solve in the marketing application a difficult problem.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is exactly in order to overcome above-mentioned defect, provides a kind of damping parameter to be convenient to the frcition damper that scene is regulated.

The utility model frcition damper is achieved in that and comprises plunger and about bundled tube, plunger part at least is arranged on approximately in bundled tube, it is characterized in that plunger surface arranges at least one group of combination expanding ring, the combination expanding ring is by the outer toroid with inner conical surface with the interior annulus mix proportion of male cone (strobilus masculinus), approximately bundled tube inwall and outer toroid surface close contact, perhaps approximately arrange wear resistant and rustproof layer or wear resistant and rustproof cover between bundled tube and outer toroid.

In in the combination expanding ring, quantity and the fit system of annulus and outer toroid can be varied, the interior annulus and the outer toroid that for example make up in expanding ring can be along plunger axis to being crisscross arranged, the inner conical surface of outer toroid and the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of adjacent interior annulus cooperatively interact, and adjacent interior annulus is or/and leave gap between adjacent outer toroid.In addition, outer toroid and interior annulus can also each other the superpose setting of combination in expanding ring, the inner conical surface of outer toroid cooperatively interacts with the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the interior annulus that is superimposed, each arranges one at least outer toroid and interior annulus, wherein, when the quantity of outer toroid and interior annulus in same combination expanding ring surpassed one, between adjacent outer toroid and all very close to each other between adjacent interior annulus, and the inner conical surface true dip direction of adjacent outer toroid also kept identical with the male cone (strobilus masculinus) true dip direction of interior annulus.

For the ease of with peripheral structure, being connected, plunger is or/and approximately arrange joining interface on bundled tube, and joining interface comprises joining plate, coupling ring, thread connector or connecting flange, and thread connector comprises screw rod or screw.In addition, in order to prevent foreign matter, enter in the utility model frcition damper plunger and approximately between bundled tube, seal protection cover can also be set.

For preventing from making up in use the meet accident consideration of slippage of expanding ring, at least one side of combination expanding ring also is provided with pre-tightening apparatus.The concrete form of described pre-tightening apparatus is varied, and it can be position limit pin, positive stop or the spacing shoulder block that arranges on plunger; In addition, another kind of typical structure is that the pre-tightening apparatus that makes up at least expanding ring one side setting consists of pretightening force adjusting nut and the corresponding external thread structure that arranges of the local outer surface of plunger; In addition, also having a kind of typical structure is that the pre-tightening apparatus that makes up at least expanding ring one side setting arranges external thread structure by pretightening force adjusting nut and the local outer surface correspondence of interior annulus and forms.It is to be noted especially, described pretightening force adjusting nut except the application plain nut, can also be hydraulic nut.Except playing the effect of pre-tightening apparatus, another beneficial effect that the pretightening force adjusting nut is set is,, by adjusting the position of pretightening force adjusting nut, can realize easily adjusting the damping parameter of the utility model frcition damper.In addition,, for convenience of the purpose that realizes adjusting damping parameter of the present utility model, also can between the pre-tightening apparatus of combination expanding ring and at least one side, the space compensation ring be set.

In order to reach the purpose that increases the service life, prevent simultaneously plunger and approximately bundled tube generation cold bonding connect or corrosion, can be in the utility model approximately bundled tube inwall or outer toroid surface arrange wear resistant and rustproof layer or wear resistant and rustproof cover.Can comprise cermet material, powdered metallurgical material, Cu alloy material, carbon fibre material and brake block etc. for the material that forms described wear resistant and rustproof layer and wear resistant and rustproof cover, wherein the wear resistant and rustproof cover can utilize that fastening piece connects, the connection technique such as embedded connection or welding and approximately bundled tube or outer toroid be fixed together, the wear resistant and rustproof layer can utilize the modes such as plating, sintering, pyrolytic coating, laser bonding to be arranged on the respective surfaces of about bundled tube or outer toroid.

The utility model frcition damper equally also is applicable to the operating mode of rotating, and for example, approximately on bundled tube or plunger, the anti-torsion flange is being set, corresponding plunger or approximately bundled tube be provided with rotation converting mechanism.Described rotation converting mechanism comprises tray, wheel and rack matching mechanism, sprocket wheel and chain matching mechanism, toothed belt and belt pulley matching mechanism, slide block and guiding groove matching mechanism or clutch mechanism etc.Utilize will the be connected moving displacement of external structure of rotation converting mechanism to shift or be converted into plunger and about relatively rotating between bundled tube, because plunger surface is provided with the combination expanding ring, at plunger and when approximately bundled tube relatively rotates, in the combination expanding ring outer toroid with approximately can produce lasting surface friction drag between bundled tube, thereby realize power consumption, make the motion of the external structure that is connected be tending towards very soon static.

In the utility model, the combination expanding ring can directly consist of annular spring.For improving damping force output, approximately the bundled tube surface can also be provided with tighting device for support.Described tighting device for support comprises bunching ring, tightens the various ways such as pipe or pretension cotton rope.Wherein tighten pipe or bunching ring and consist of spring steel, the pretension cotton rope is made by metallic material or non-metallic fiber material., in order to realize that the binding force that tighting device for support is provided is passed to the approximately working surface between bundled tube and outer toroid better, can also be provided with at least one along the axially extended earth pressure release seam of cylindrical shell on the local cylindrical shell of about bundled tube.For the ease of with plunger and combination expanding ring, assembling, approximately the inwall of at least one side end of bundled tube is provided with the transition chamfering.In addition, as a kind of special case, in the utility model frcition damper, the interior annulus of combination in expanding ring can also with the plunger integrated setting.

during the work of the utility model frcition damper, plunger or/and approximately bundled tube produce vertically under external force relative movement or around axial generation deflection, because plunger surface is provided with special combination expanding ring, approximately bundled tube can produce larger to the combination expanding ring, and very stable binding force, therefore when plunger and approximately during bundled tube generation relative movement, approximately can produce the surface friction drag of an obstruction plunger motion between the outer toroid in bundled tube inwall and combination expanding ring, this surface friction drag is always opposite with the moving direction of plunger, thereby consume the external force acting, mechanical energy is converted into heat energy.The utility model frcition damper, make up the relative position between outer toroid and interior annulus in expanding ring by change, just can change the hoop binding force that about bundled tube provides, thereby change the damping parameter of the utility model frcition damper, realize different damping force output, therefore the utility model frcition damper can be easy to realize carrying out at the scene the damping parameter adjustment according to requirement of engineering, and its practicability and applicability are stronger.

The utility model frcition damper, simple in structure, stable performance, substantially need not maintenance, long service life, can continue after maintenance to use, have regenerative nature, very environmental protection, particularly the utility model frcition damper can carry out the damping parameter adjustment easily, therefore can be on-the-spot according to engineering reality, the damping parameter of product be optimized adjustment, its engineering practicability is better, has wide market application foreground.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is one of structural representation of the utility model frcition damper.

Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the application schematic diagram of the utility model frcition damper shown in Figure 1.

Fig. 4 be the utility model frcition damper structural representation two.

Fig. 5 is the plan view of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is one of application schematic diagram of the utility model frcition damper shown in Figure 5.

Fig. 7 is the B section enlarged view in Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 be the utility model frcition damper shown in Figure 5 the application schematic diagram two.

Fig. 9 be the utility model frcition damper structural representation three.

Figure 10 is the application schematic diagram of the utility model frcition damper shown in Figure 9.

Figure 11 be the utility model frcition damper structural representation four.

Figure 12 is the application schematic diagram of the utility model frcition damper shown in Figure 11.

Figure 13 is that the D of Figure 12 is to view.

Figure 14 be the utility model frcition damper structural representation five.

Figure 15 is the application schematic diagram of the utility model frcition damper shown in Figure 14.

Figure 16 be the utility model frcition damper structural representation six.

Figure 17 be the utility model frcition damper structural representation seven.

Figure 18 is the application schematic diagram of the utility model frcition damper shown in Figure 17.

Figure 19 be the utility model frcition damper structural representation eight.

Figure 20 be the utility model frcition damper structural representation nine.

Figure 21 is ten and application schematic diagram of the structural representation of the utility model frcition damper.

Figure 22 is 11 and application schematic diagram of the structural representation of the utility model frcition damper.

Figure 23 is the E-E sectional view of Figure 22.

Figure 24 is 12 and application schematic diagram of the structural representation of the utility model frcition damper.

Figure 25 is that the F of Figure 24 is to view.

Figure 26 is 13 and application schematic diagram of the structural representation of the utility model frcition damper.

Figure 27 be the utility model frcition damper structural representation 14.

Figure 28 be the utility model frcition damper structural representation 15.

Figure 29 be the utility model frcition damper structural representation 16.

Figure 30 be the utility model frcition damper structural representation 17.

Figure 31 be the utility model frcition damper structural representation 18.

Figure 32 be the utility model frcition damper structural representation 19.

Embodiment

Embodiment one

The utility model frcition damper as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, comprise plunger 1 and about bundled tube 2, plunger 1 part is arranged on approximately in bundled tube 2, plunger 1 surface arranges one group of combination expanding ring, the combination expanding ring is by the outer toroid 4 with inner conical surface with interior annulus 3 mix proportions of male cone (strobilus masculinus), approximately bundled tube 2 inwalls and the surperficial close contact of outer toroid 4.

Below with the routine working principle to the utility model frcition damper that is applied as in bridge structure, describe, wherein the plunger 1 of the utility model frcition damper and approximately bundled tube 2 make by steel, interior annulus 3 and the outer toroid 4 of combination in expanding ring made by spring steel.As shown in Figure 3, according to the Theoretical Design parameter of bridge, as the design of the utility model frcition damper, input, determine each constituent elements size and the damping force output of the utility model frcition damper.during assembling the utility model frcition damper, at first plunger 1 and combination expanding ring are assembled together, integral body is put into approximately bundled tube 2 again, then expanding ring is made up in extruding, make up outer toroid 4 and 3 the relative position of each other of interior annulus in expanding ring until realize outer toroid 4 surfaces and about bundled tube 2 inwall close contacts by change, so approximately bundled tube 2 has just applied stable binding force on outer toroid 4 surfaces, adjust as required this binding force to predetermined numerical value, the interior annulus 3 of both sides in the combination expanding ring is weldingly fixed on plunger 1 surface, thereby the position that will make up expanding ring limits, recycling two otic placodes 90 is weldingly fixed on approximately on bundled tube 2.While with bridge structure, assembling, be welded and fixed together being anchored fixing steel connecting base 5 in otic placode 90 and bridge 6, the two ends of plunger 1 are welded and fixed together with being anchored the steel connecting base 7 that is fixedly installed in bridge pier 8, complete the assembling of the utility model frcition damper between bridge 6 and bridge pier 8.when occurring along the axial relative movement of plunger 1 between bridge 6 and bridge pier 8, can drive plunger 1 and approximately produce relative movement between bundled tube 2, owing to being fixedly installed the combination expanding ring on plunger 1, approximately laid in the higher stress of tightening in bundled tube 2, outer toroid surface in the combination expanding ring has been exerted pressure larger, and very stable binding force, therefore when plunger 1 drives the combination expanding ring and approximately relative movement occurs bundled tube 2, approximately can produce the surface friction drag of an obstruction plunger motion between bundled tube 2 inwalls and outer toroid 4 matching surfaces, this surface friction drag is always opposite with the moving direction of plunger, thereby consume the external force acting, the mechanical energy of relative movement between bridge 6 and bridge pier 8 is converted into heat energy, thereby consumption external energy, realize oscillation damping and energy dissipating.The relative position of annulus and outer toroid in adjusting in the combination expanding ring, can change the binding force that about bundled tube provides, the utility model frcition damper just can provide different damping force output, therefore according to different requirement of engineering, select corresponding combination expanding ring, the utility model both can be used for controlling the vibration that the severse weathers such as bridge routine use Vehicle Driving Cycle or strong wind cause, and also can be used for the pontic relative movement that Earthquake occurrence control produces, and can play well and the power consumption protective action.Based on above-mentioned working principle, the utility model frcition damper can be widely used in vibration damping, buffering, the power consumption of machinery, the traffic tool, bridge, building structure.

Need to prove, approximately the bundled tube binding force that acts on the outer toroid surface and combination expanding ring are directly proportional to the about tension force of bundled tube, and be both big or small identical.So when compression combination expanding ring, the diameter dimension of whole combination expanding ring increases, and to the approximately tension force increase of bundled tube, approximately the binding force of bundled tube generation also increases thereupon; The diameter dimension of combination expanding ring is while dwindling, and the about tension force of bundled tube reduced, approximately also corresponding reducing of the binding force that produces of bundled tube.To sum up can know, during compression combination expanding ring, approximately the bundled tube binding force increases, the surface friction drag that produces when approximately bundled tube and plunger and combination expanding ring relatively move increases, the damping force of the utility model frcition damper output also increases, otherwise approximately the bundled tube binding force reduces, and the damping force output of the utility model frcition damper also reduces.Above-mentioned explanation is applicable to all embodiments of the utility model, at this, illustrates in the lump.

Owing to not adopting any liquid damping material in the utility model frcition damper, there is no the direction restriction while therefore using, there do not is the hidden danger of leakage pollution environment yet, be subjected to environmental influence very little, compare with existing damper, its damping capacity is more stable, and applicability and the feature of environmental protection are also better.The advantage that technical solutions of the utility model are the most outstanding is, in the time because of reasons such as engineering construction errors, need to adjusting on a small quantity damping parameter, in only needing to adjust in the combination expanding ring, the relative position of annulus and outer toroid just can be realized, very convenient, be conducive to guarantee the accuracy of damping parameter, thereby realize best oscillation damping and energy dissipating effect.

In this example with plunger 1 in the utility model frcition damper, approximately bundled tube 2 is made for example by steel and describes, in practical application, according to the difference of service condition and the difference of required damping force, also can utilize the materials such as nylon, engineering plastics to make plunger or/and about bundled tube, can realize the effect of certain vibration damping, buffering, power consumption.In addition, select spring steel to make outer toroid 4 and the interior annulus 3 of combination expanding ring in this example, because spring steel has high strength and high elongation, be suitable for providing binding force, certainly outer toroid and interior annulus are except can utilizing spring steel processing,, according to the difference of required damping force output, also can utilize the steel of other types, metallic material or the nonmetal type of other types to make.

Be provided with one group of combination expanding ring in the utility model frcition damper shown in Figure 1, a plurality of interior annulus and outer toroid that are crisscross arranged have been comprised in the combination expanding ring, the inner conical surface of outer toroid and the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of adjacent interior annulus cooperatively interact, and leave gap between adjacent interior annulus and between adjacent outer toroid.According to know-why wherein, making up in theory expanding ring can only be comprised of two interior annulus and an outer toroid, and the inner conical surface of outer toroid and the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of adjacent interior annulus cooperatively interact, and leave gap between adjacent interior annulus; Perhaps only by two outer toroid and an interior annulus, formed; the inner conical surface of outer toroid and the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of adjacent interior annulus cooperatively interact; leave gap between adjacent outer toroid; it is all the simple change on the utility model know-why; the size of outer toroid and interior annulus and quantity can design and select according to requirement of engineering; thereby the signal of can't drawing one by one, only with word, describe at this, all among the protection domain that the utility model requires.

Be noted that in addition; because the conical surface inclination that arranges on interior annulus and outer toroid in the combination expanding ring is less; certain self-lock ability is arranged; therefore when damping force output hour; also can adopt interference fit between interior annulus and plunger; to make up expanding ring is fixed on plunger; no longer adopt the extra fixing means such as welding; as long as in combination force between annulus and plunger outer toroid and the about surface friction drag between the bundled tube inwall during greater than relative movement; can realize well damping force output, also among the protection domain that the utility model requires.

The utility model frcition damper, simple in structure, stable performance, substantially need not maintenance, long service life, can continue after maintenance to use, have regenerative nature, very environmental protection, particularly the utility model frcition damper can carry out the damping parameter adjustment easily, therefore can be on-the-spot according to engineering reality, the damping parameter of product be optimized adjustment, its engineering practicability is better, has wide market application foreground.

Embodiment two

The utility model frcition damper as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, be with embodiment one difference, one end of plunger 1 is arranged on approximately in bundled tube 2, in addition, combination expanding ring both sides also are provided with pre-tightening apparatus, and pre-tightening apparatus comprises that the corresponding combination of the plunger 1 outer surface expanding ring both sides of steel are welded and fixed respectively two positive stops 11 of setting.In addition, for the ease of with peripheral structure, being connected, plunger and approximately be respectively arranged with joining interface on bundled tube, described joining interface are specially the joining plate 10 that on plunger 1, welding arranges, and the joining plate 9 that approximately is welded and fixed on bundled tube 2.In addition, the combination expanding ring directly adopts the annular spring of finished product, and annular spring is equally by the outer toroid 4 with inner conical surface with interior annulus 3 mix proportions of male cone (strobilus masculinus).Have, in order conveniently to assemble, approximately the inwall of bundled tube 2 one side ends is provided with transition chamfering 50 again.

Form because the combination expanding ring directly adopts annular spring, it can realize standardization and seriation easily, and is conducive to guarantee to make up the quality of expanding ring, thereby guarantees the damping capacity of the utility model frcition damper.Certainly, based on embodiment one know-why, in this routine described technological scheme, interior annulus and outer toroid in the combination expanding ring also can utilize steel to process.

Below with the utility model frcition damper, be applied between bridge 16 and bridge pier 13, with bridge pad 14, be used in conjunction with and describe for example.As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, the utility model frcition damper 15 shown in Figure 4 length direction along bridge is arranged between bridge 16 and bridge pier 13, also be provided with bridge pad 14 between bridge 16 and bridge pier 13, bridge pad allows bridge with respect to bridge pier vertical and horizontal relative movement of the body of a bridge along the body of a bridge.For the ease of with frcition damper, assembling, integrated setting limited location piece 17 on bridge 12, be provided with on limiting stopper 17 and connect otic placode 19, on bridge pier 13, correspondence is provided with and connects otic placode 21, during assembling, joining plate 10 on plunger 1 is with to be connected otic placode 19 hinged by bearing pin 18, and approximately to pass through bearing pin 20 hinged with being connected otic placode 21 by joining plate 9 for bundled tube 2, completes the assembling of the utility model frcition damper between bridge 16 and bridge pier 13.when bridge 16 and bridge pier 13 are subject to the external force excitation (as train braking, earthquake) while vibration along the bridge length direction occurring, isolation buffer effect due to bridge pad 14, bridge 16 can produce relative to-and-fro motion with respect to bridge pier 13, and then to-and-fro motion occur in drive plunger 1 relative restraint cylinder 2, because the lasting generation of combination expanding ring that consists of interior annulus 3 and outer toroid 4 of approximately 2 pairs of plungers 1 of bundled tube and outer surface setting thereof is very large, stable binding force, therefore when plunger 1 together with the combination expanding ring and approximately during bundled tube 2 generation relative movement, approximately can produce the surface friction drag of an obstruction plunger motion between bundled tube inwall and outer toroid 4 matching surfaces, thereby consume the external force acting, mechanical energy is converted into heat energy, the vibrational energy of bridge 16 can be absorbed by the consumption of the utility model frcition damper very soon like this, the energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing of realization to bridge 16.

In this routine described technological scheme, plunger and approximately be respectively arranged with joining plate on bundled tube, therefore when the utility model frcition damper meets accident damage, can dismantle and repair or replace at any time, and is very convenient.In the time because of reasons such as engineering construction errors, need to adjusting on a small quantity damping parameter, only need the spacing between change positive stop 11 just can realize, very convenient, be conducive to guarantee the accuracy of damping parameter, thereby realize the oscillation damping and energy dissipating effect of the best.In practical application, the positive stop of one side 11 can be removed, the devices such as recycling press machine are extruding combination expanding ring again, until realize being suitable for the binding force of engine request, and then the positive stop 11 of again burn-oning, realization is spacing to the combination expanding ring, and operating process is very simple, only needs manpower and materials seldom just can complete the correction of damping parameter.

Based on this routine described application principle, except with the utility model frcition damper 15 along the length direction of bridge is arranged between bridge 16 and bridge pier 13, the width direction of the utility model frcition damper 15 along bridge can also be arranged between bridge 16 and bridge pier 13.For example, as shown in Figure 8, length direction along bridge is arranged one group of the utility model frcition damper 15 between bridge 16 and bridge pier 13, width direction along bridge also is furnished with other one group of the utility model frcition damper 15 between bridge 16 and bridge pier 13 simultaneously, like this, when bridge 16 produced relative movement along the bridge length direction with respect to bridge pier 13, the utility model frcition damper 15 of arranging between bridge 16 and bridge pier 13 along the length direction of bridge can the works done of consumption external force; When bridge 16 produced relative movement along the bridge width direction with respect to bridge pier 13, the utility model frcition damper 15 of arranging between bridge 16 and bridge pier 13 along the bridge width direction can consume external force and do work.In general, bridge in use, can produce simultaneously along the relative displacement of bridge length and width direction between bridge 16 and bridge pier 13, therefore arrange respectively that the utility model frcition damper 15 can be controlled bridge 16 simultaneously on this both direction and the relative movement of 13, bridge pier at both direction, the buffer shock-absorbing effect of realizing ideal.Certainly, according to the building structure difference, can select different application modes, for example, for the bridge of simple beam structure, the utility model frcition damper of controlling both direction can be set respectively on same bridge pier as shown in Figure 8; Bridge for beam structure, the utility model frcition damper of controlling a direction also can be set on the part bridge pier, the utility model frcition damper of controlling other direction is set on other bridge piers, in use can selects application mode according to installation conditions and requirement of engineering.

Need to prove, as embodiment one and the described the utility model frcition damper of embodiment two, plunger is cylindrical body, it can approximately rotate in bundled tube, because about bundled tube has applied the binding force that continues in the annulus surface outside, therefore with the about inwall of bundled tube, rub equally when plunger drives outer toroid and rotates, thereby consume external force, do work, mechanical energy is converted into heat energy.So, adopt the utility model frcition damper of this type of technological scheme, not only plunger and approximately bundled tube damping force occurs to provide while axially relatively moving, can also be at plunger and damping force is provided when approximately bundled tube relatively rotates.As seen, adopt the utility model frcition damper of cylindrical body plunger, plunger and approximately the relative movement of bundled tube be not limited to relatively moving along axial direction, relatively rotating between also having comprised both, as long as above-mentioned two situations have a speciogenesis, the utility model will be started working automatically, realizes oscillation damping and energy dissipating, so this type of the utility model frcition damper is applicable to provide the place of the damping force that prevents relative deflection too.In sum, the utility model frcition damper can be widely used in vibration damping, buffering, the power consumption of machinery, the traffic tool, bridge, building structure.

Embodiment three

The utility model frcition damper as shown in Figure 9, be with embodiment two difference, the combination expanding ring comprises a plurality of interior annulus 3 and outer toroid 4, both quantity is identical, interior annulus 3 and outer toroid 4 are corresponding and by inside and outside cone match, be superimposed each other one by one, between adjacent outer toroid and all very close to each other between adjacent interior annulus, and the inner conical surface true dip direction of adjacent outer toroid also keeps identical with the male cone (strobilus masculinus) true dip direction of interior annulus.In addition, on plunger 1, corresponding combination expanding ring both sides arrange pre-tightening apparatus, and described pre-tightening apparatus comprises the positive stop 11 that is fixedly welded on plunger 1 surface and the position limit pin 43 that is embedded on plunger 1.Wherein, also be provided with space compensation ring 29 between positive stop 11 and combination expanding ring, space compensation ring 29 is pressed on the end face of a contiguous end outer toroid 4 in the combination expanding ring, and position limit pin 43 is pressed on the end face of interior annulus 3 corresponding to the combination expanding ring the other end.In addition, plunger and approximately be respectively arranged with joining interface on bundled tube, described joining interface are specially the connecting flange 21 that on plunger 1, welding arranges, and the coupling ring 24 that approximately is welded and fixed on bundled tube 2.

In this routine described technological scheme, the combination expanding ring consists of the many groups of interior annulus 3 that are stacked together each other and outer toroid 4, all very close to each other between adjacent outer toroid 4 and adjacent interior annulus 3, if during therefore from an interior annulus of side extruding, the extruding force that in all, annulus is subject to is identical, also like this while equally, pushing outer toroid.In view of these characteristics, during relative position in adjusting the combination expanding ring between annulus and outer toroid, with all stay gapped technological scheme to compare between adjacent interior annulus and adjacent outer toroid in previous embodiment, each the interior annulus and the stressed of outer toroid that form the combination expanding ring in this routine described technological scheme remain identical, therefore, the combination expanding ring is uniformly at the tension force with approximately all contact surfaces generations of bundled tube substantially, and its damping capacity output is very stable.By contrast, in the corresponding technological scheme of Fig. 1 or Fig. 4, after a side extruding combination expanding ring, act on the extruding force on each inside and outside annulus in the combination expanding ring and present the trend of successively decreasing gradually by the side direction opposite side near point of application of force, therefore, the tension force that corresponding approximately bundled tube surface is subject to also reduces gradually, so in the plunger process that position changes in about bundled tube, the variation of the damping force of exporting is nonlinear.It is to be noted in addition, adjustable in order to guarantee damping force output, in the combination expanding ring, the relative position of inside and outside annulus should be adjustable, therefore makes up in the pre-tightening apparatus of expanding ring both sides setting, one side only is pressed on interior annulus end face, and opposite side only is pressed on the outer toroid end face.

Below describe as example being applied in steel-frame structure.During installation, utilize fastening piece 23 that the connecting flange 21 that is fixedly installed on the connecting flange 22 that is fixedly installed on girder steel 27 and plunger 1 is linked together, realize being connected of plunger 1 and girder steel 27; Utilize fastening piece 26 that the coupling ring 24 that is fixedly installed on the connecting flange 25 that is fixedly installed on girder steel 28 and about bundled tube 2 is linked together, realize approximately being connected of bundled tube 2 and girder steel 28, complete the assembling of the utility model frcition damper.When between girder steel 27 and girder steel 28, relative movement occurring, can drive plunger and approximately produce relative movement between bundled tube, and then realizing oscillation damping and energy dissipating.Its power consumption principle and embodiment two are identical, at this, no longer repeat.

It is to be noted; in order to prevent in using process; foreign matter enters in the utility model frcition damper; as shown in Figure 10; can also be at plunger 1 and seal protection cover 91 approximately is set between bundled tube 2; can effectively be conducive to prolong the working life in the utility model product, also among the protection domain that the utility model requires.Certainly according to the difference of Environmental Conditions, seal protection cover can be made with different materials such as rubber, nonwovens, corrugated stainless steel tubings.In addition, owing to being provided with the space compensation ring, this routine described the utility model frcition damper can also be realized easily increasing or reduce damping force output, while wanting to increase the damping force of output, can compress the combination expanding ring, simultaneously the corresponding width that increases the space compensation ring; While wanting the damping force that reduces to export, can directly by the width that reduces the space compensation ring, realize.Certainly, also can realize by the position of adjusting position limit pin 43.

Due to the utility model frcition damper be not subjected to the user to restriction, therefore the level that can be arranged to as required is to various forms such as, vertical, inclinations, can realize good effect, these characteristics also are applicable to the described technical solutions of the utility model of other embodiments, at this, illustrate in the lump.

Embodiment four

The utility model frcition damper as shown in figure 11, be with embodiment two difference, the combination expanding ring comprises a plurality of interior annulus 3 and outer toroid 4, both quantity is identical, interior annulus 3 and outer toroid 4 are corresponding and by inside and outside cone match, be superimposed each other one by one, between adjacent outer toroid and all very close to each other between adjacent interior annulus, and the inner conical surface true dip direction of adjacent outer toroid also keeps identical with the male cone (strobilus masculinus) true dip direction of interior annulus.In addition, on plunger 1, corresponding combination expanding ring both sides arrange pre-tightening apparatus, described pre-tightening apparatus comprises the spacing shoulder block 30 that is positioned at integrated setting on combination expanding ring one lateral column plug 1, and the pretightening force adjusting nut 44 of combination expanding ring opposite side setting and the corresponding external thread structure that arranges of the local outer surface of plunger 1.Wherein, spacing shoulder block 30 is pressed on the end face of interior annulus 3 corresponding to the contiguous end of combination expanding ring, and pretightening force adjusting nut 44 is pressed on the end face of the other end outer toroid 4 in the combination expanding ring.

The sharpest edges of this routine described the utility model frcition damper are, owing to being provided with the corresponding external thread structure that arranges of the local outer surface of pretightening force adjusting nut 44 and plunger 1 as pre-tightening apparatus, in application process, when needs are adjusted damping force output, only need to rotate pretightening force adjusting nut 44 and just can change the overall size of combination expanding ring, and then change about bundled tube and be applied to binding force on outer toroid, realize the variation of damping force output, more convenient, easy operating, also more easily guarantee the accuracy of damping parameter.

Below take the utility model frcition damper 34 shown in Figure 11, being applied to the building construction antidetonation describes as example.As shown in Figure 12 and 13, be provided with aseismatic bearing 31 between house 32 and ground 33, in addition, according to the antidetonation needs, below house 32, also be furnished with respectively a plurality of the utility model frcition dampers 34 along house horizontal and vertical, wherein, one end and the house 32 of frcition damper 34 are hinged and connected, and the other end and ground 33 are hinged and connected.When earthquake is arrived, under the effect of seismic waves, house 32 can shake on aseismatic bearing 31, make between house 32 and ground 33 and produce and relatively move, and then relative movement approximately occurs with sub in the plunger that drives in frcition damper 34 between bundled tube, realizes rapid consumed energy, reduction house shaking amplitude, avoid house to collapse, realize good anti seismic efficiency.it is to be noted, application the utility model frcition damper supports earthquake-resistant another advantage and is, after principal earthquake, can unclamp the pretightening force adjusting nut, discharge the part tension force of combination expanding ring, because existing aseismatic bearing 31 generally all has certain reset capability, under the effect of aseismatic bearing 31 or by the jack that resets, just can realize resetting smoothly of the utility model frcition damper 34, again tighten the pretightening force adjusting nut, make the utility model frcition damper again recover damping capacity, like this when having aftershock to occur, the utility model frcition damper 34 still can be brought into play the effect of damping power consumption again, can more effectively reduce the destruction that earthquake brings house, protection resident's the security of the lives and property.

Based on this routine know-why, frcition damper described in other embodiments of the utility model also can be used for the antiseismic application in house, both made and can not realize easily resetting, minimum still can bring into play certain energy dissipation effect in earthquake generating process, at this description of drawings one by one not.

Embodiment five

The utility model frcition damper, be with embodiment four difference as shown in figure 14, and plunger 1 adopts the multidiameter shaft structure, and that plunger 1 enters is approximately bundled tube 2 inside, the intermediate portion diameter maximum is provided with the combination expanding ring.Plunger 1 two ends arrange respectively thread connector 35 as joining interface, and described thread connector is the screw rod that directly be processed at the plunger two ends.In addition, interior annulus 3 and outer toroid 4 in the combination expanding ring process by steel pipe, and combination expanding ring both sides arrange respectively pre-tightening apparatus, and pre-tightening apparatus forms by pretightening force adjusting nut 44 and the corresponding external thread structure that arranges of the local outer surface of plunger 1.

Below describe as example being applied in bridge structure, as shown in figure 15, plunger 1 middle part diameter largest portion is placed in the approximately centre of bundled tube, be welded and fixed respectively joining plate 37 at about bundled tube two ends, utilizing locking nut 36 to coordinate with the thread connector 35 at plunger two ends links together the connecting base 41 that is fixedly installed in plunger 1 and bridge 42, joining plate 37 is hinged by bearing pin 38 with the steel anchoring flange 39 that is fixedly installed in bridge pier 40, complete the assembling of the utility model frcition damper between bridge 42 and bridge pier 40.when occurring along the axial relative movement of plunger 1 between bridge 42 and bridge pier 40, can drive plunger 1 and approximately produce relative movement between bundled tube 2, because about bundled tube 2 can be laid in the higher external annulus 4 of stress of tightening and produces larger, and very stable binding force, therefore when plunger 1 together with the combination expanding ring and approximately during bundled tube 2 generation relative movement, approximately can produce the surface friction drag of an obstruction plunger motion between bundled tube 2 inwalls and outer toroid 4, this surface friction drag is always opposite with the moving direction of plunger, thereby consume the external force acting, the mechanical energy of relative movement between bridge 42 and bridge pier 40 is converted into heat energy, thereby consumption external energy, realize oscillation damping and energy dissipating.

Similar to embodiment four, frcition damper described in the utility model has equally the scene of being convenient to and carries out the characteristics that damping parameter is regulated, in addition, all be provided with the pre-tightening apparatus that is formed by pretightening force adjusting nut 44 and the corresponding external thread structure that arranges of the local outer surface of plunger 1 due to combination expanding ring both sides, therefore can adjust the damping parameter of product from any side at any time, also can carry out simultaneously from both sides the damping parameter adjustment.In this routine described technological scheme, between the plunger and bridge of the utility model frcition damper, and approximately all adopt the Placement that can split between bundled tube and bridge pier, therefore in use, can take off at any time the utility model frcition damper and carry out maintain and replace, very convenient.

In addition; plunger 1 two ends arrange respectively thread connector 35 as joining interface; described thread connector is except being screw-rod structure shown in Figure 14; can also be as shown in figure 16; the screw that arranges respectively for the plunger two ends; also can realize the effect that is connected with external structure, also among the protection domain that the utility model requires.In addition,, based on the know-why of embodiment four record, in order to put civilian dress, join, in case of necessity, approximately on the inwall of bundled tube both sides, also the transition chamfering can be set respectively as shown in Figure 11, also in the protection domain that the utility model requires in this example.

Embodiment six

The utility model frcition damper as shown in figure 17, be with the difference of frcition damper shown in Figure 14, the pre-tightening apparatus that the corresponding external thread structure that arranges of the local outer surface of pretightening force adjusting nut 44 and plunger 1 forms is arranged on the approximately outside of bundled tube 2, between the pretightening force adjusting nut 44 that corresponding combination expanding ring and its both sides arrange, space compensation ring 45 and space compensation ring 29 are set respectively, wherein, space compensation ring 29 only is pressed on the end face of adjacent interior annulus 3, and space compensation ring 45 only is pressed on the end face of adjacent outer toroid 4.In addition, the plunger two ends are directly plain shaft structure, and approximately the internal surface of bundled tube also has been fixedly installed wear resistant and rustproof cover 46, and outer toroid 4 cooperatively interacts with wear resistant and rustproof cover 46 surfaces, close contact each other, and wear resistant and rustproof cover 46 is specially the lining that Cu alloy material is made.

This routine described frcition damper, approximately bundled tube is outside because the pretightening force adjusting nut is arranged on, and therefore can regulate the damping parameter of frcition damper at any time, and is more practical and convenient during application.

Still describe as example being applied in bridge structure, as shown in figure 18, the integrated limiting stopper 48 that is symmetrical arranged on bridge 92, also be provided with steel anchoring piece 49 in limiting stopper 48, in addition, bridge pier 51 end faces arrange steel anchoring piece 47, with the two ends of about bundled tube 2 respectively with anchoring piece 47 on joining plate be welded and fixed together, again the two ends of plunger 1 are welded and fixed together with anchoring piece 49 respectively, complete the assembling of the utility model frcition damper between bridge 92 and bridge pier 51.When occur between bridge 92 and bridge pier 51 along plunger axis to relative movement the time, can drive plunger 1 and combination expanding ring and approximately produce relative movement between bundled tube 2, due to the constraint of about bundled tube and then produce surface friction drag, the formation frictional damping, consume external energy, realize oscillation damping and energy dissipating.

Owing at the about internal surface of bundled tube, having set up the wear resistant and rustproof cover, utilize the surface of wear resistant and rustproof cover to coordinate with outer toroid as working surface, significantly improved the wear resistance of working surface, avoid steel-steel same type of material motion, high contact stress do not issue raw food bonding mutually for a long time, stable friction factor, can extend working life of the utility model frcition damper greatly.Except the Cu alloy material that this example is mentioned, the wear resistant and rustproof cover can also consist of materials such as cermet material, powdered metallurgical material, carbon fibre material or brake blocks.It is pointed out that if on about bundled tube surface, set up the wear-resistant protection cover that brake pad material is made, can significantly improve plunger and the about friction factor of working surface between bundled tube, be conducive to the damping capacity of further improving product.Certainly, based on this routine described know-why, wear resistant and rustproof cover also can utilize the connections technique such as embedded connection or welding and approximately bundled tube be fixed together, also can play same effect, all in the protection domain of the utility model requirement.

Embodiment seven

The utility model frcition damper, be with the difference of frcition damper shown in Figure 17 as shown in figure 19, and approximately bundled tube 2 inwalls arrange wear resistant and rustproof layer 109, and the wear resistant and rustproof layer is specifically formed by the powdered metallurgical material sintering.In addition, in order to increase the binding force that is applied to outer toroid 4 surfaces, approximately bundled tube 2 outer surfaces are provided with tighting device for support 106, and tighting device for support 106 consists of a plurality of bunching rings.

Because about bundled tube 2 outer surfaces are provided with tighting device for support 106, approximately bundled tube 2 can bear larger tension force, therefore can provide larger binding force, and the damping that is conducive to significantly improve the utility model frcition damper is exerted oneself.In addition, owing at the about internal surface of bundled tube, having set up the wear resistant and rustproof layer, utilize the surface of wear resistant and rustproof layer to coordinate with outer toroid as working surface, significantly improved the wear resistance of working surface, avoid steel-steel same type of material motion, high contact stress do not issue raw food bonding mutually for a long time, stable friction factor, can extend working life of the utility model frcition damper greatly.Except the powdered metallurgical material of mentioning; the wear resistant and rustproof layer can also consist of cermet material, Cu alloy material, carbon fibre material or other wear-resistant metal materials etc.; described other wear-resistant metal materials comprise nickel etc.; different according to concrete material; the wear resistant and rustproof layer can utilize the modes such as plating, sintering, pyrolytic coating, laser bonding to be arranged on the approximately respective surfaces of bundled tube, all among the protection domain that the utility model requires.

In practical application, bunching ring can utilize the spring steel processing and fabricating, also can utilize as required the other materials processing and fabricating.

Embodiment eight

The utility model frcition damper as shown in figure 20, be with embodiment seven difference, plunger 1 surface arranges two groups of combination expanding ring, wherein, the centre of two groups of combination expanding ring shares a positive stop 11, positive stop is compressing respectively wherein adjacent interior annulus 4 end faces in one group of combination expanding ring, and adjacent outer toroid 3 end faces in another group combination expanding ring.In addition, two groups of outer toroid 4 surfaces of making up in expanding ring arrange respectively wear resistant and rustproof layer 109, and wear resistant and rustproof layer 109 consists of the metallic material nickel of outer toroid 4 electroplating surfaces.In addition, in order to increase the binding force that is applied to outer toroid 4 surfaces, approximately bundled tube 2 outer surfaces also are provided with tighting device for support 103, and tighting device for support 103 is tightened pipe by one and formed.

Because about bundled tube 2 outer surfaces are provided with tighting device for support 103, approximately bundled tube 2 can bear larger tension force, therefore can provide larger binding force, and the damping that is conducive to significantly improve the utility model frcition damper is exerted oneself.This example describes as example so that two groups of combination expanding ring to be set on plunger; based on this routine described know-why; three groups, four groups even more groups of combination expanding ring also can be set on plunger during practical application, also can play good effect, all among the protection domain that the utility model requires.

The wear resistant and rustproof layer can utilize the modes such as plating, sintering, pyrolytic coating, laser bonding to be arranged on the surface of about bundled tube or plunger; such as nickel plating etc.; in addition; the wear resistant and rustproof layer can also consist of materials such as cermet material, powdered metallurgical material, Cu alloy material, carbon fibre material or brake blocks, all among the protection domain that the utility model requires.In practical application, tighten pipe and can utilize the spring steel processing and fabricating, also can utilize as required the other materials processing and fabricating.

According to described know-why before embodiment seven and embodiment eight; the constraint inner wall surface arranges wear resistant and rustproof layer or wear resistant and rustproof cover; perhaps the outer toroid surface arranges the technological scheme of wear resistant and rustproof layer; also can be applied in technological scheme that other embodiments of the utility model record, all within the protection domain that the utility model requires.

Embodiment nine

The utility model frcition damper equally also is applicable to the operating mode of rotating, the utility model frcition damper as shown in figure 21, comprise the approximately bundled tube 2 that cylindrical plunger 1 and steel pipe are made, plunger surface also is provided with the combination expanding ring, the combination expanding ring is specifically combined by interior annulus 3 and the outer toroid 4 of steel, for preventing from making up the expanding ring slippage, one side of combination expanding ring also is provided with the pre-tightening apparatus that positive stop 11 forms, in addition, plunger 1 lower end also is welded and fixed and is provided with anti-torsion flange 58, and the opposite side of 58 pairs of combination expanding ring of anti-torsion flange is realized spacing.Corresponding approximately bundled tube 2 is provided with rotation converting mechanism, and described rotation converting mechanism is specially clutch mechanism, and this clutch mechanism consists of clutch wheel 52 and clutch wheel 53.

during application, plunger 1 is fixed on the metal connecting piece 56 that arranges in machinery framework 57 by fastening piece 59 and anti-torsion flange 58, clutch wheel 52 is fixed on the approximately end of bundled tube 2, the corresponding clutch wheel 52 of clutch wheel 53 is fixed on machinery framework 57 and can relatively rotates, have again on the rotor 54 of braking requirement, form clutch mechanism, rotor 54 under constraint 55 restriction except can relatively rotating with machinery framework 57, can also be moved to relative machinery framework 57 along plunger axis, complete the assembling of the utility model frcition damper between rotor 54 and machinery framework 57.like this, under off working state, keep clutch wheel 52 to separate with clutch wheel 53, this moment, the utility model frcition damper was not worked, when rotor 54 when rotating of machinery framework 57 need to be braked, along plunger axis to rotating body 54, make clutch wheel 53 and clutch wheel 52 close contacts, clutch wheel 53 realizes synchronizeing rotation immediately with clutch wheel 52, band moving constraint cylinder 2 is around plunger 1 and the rotation of combination expanding ring, this moment, the utility model frcition damper was started working, owing to can having the surface friction drag that continues between the outer toroid 4 in about bundled tube 2 and combination expanding ring, this surface friction drag oppositely acting constantly consumes the approximately rotational energy of bundled tube 2, and then realization continues to consume the rotational energy of rotor 54, reach and make the relative machinery framework 57 of rotor 54 slow down or be tending towards static purpose.

, based on this routine described know-why, in actual applications, also can approximately on bundled tube, the anti-torsion flange be set; the corresponding clutch form is set on plunger rotation converting mechanism; also can realize same effect, no longer other description of drawings, also in the protection domain that the utility model requires.

Embodiment ten

the utility model frcition damper as shown in Figure 22 and Figure 23, be with embodiment nine difference, one end of plunger 1 is fixed with anti-torsion flange 60, a corresponding approximately end of bundled tube 2 is provided with rotation converting mechanism, described rotation converting mechanism is specially gear 64 and tooth bar 65 matching mechanisms, in addition, regulate in order conveniently to carry out damping parameter, the combination expanding ring that arranges on 60 pairs of plungers 1 of anti-torsion flange provides a lateral confinement position, on plunger 1, the other end of corresponding combination expanding ring arranges pre-tightening apparatus, pre-tightening apparatus forms by pretightening force adjusting nut 44 and the corresponding external thread structure that arranges of the local outer surface of plunger 1.

below with the example that is applied as on bridge, describe, as shown in figure 22, when bridge has adopted unidirectional slip support abutment, while only having the displacement of single direction (for example vertical along bridge), utilize fastening piece 62 that the steel anchoring piece 61 that anti-torsion flange 60 and bridge pier 63 end faces are fixedly installed is linked together, plunger 1 and bridge pier 63 are fixedly linked, gear 64 is weldingly fixed on approximately bundled tube 2 tops, the steel anchoring piece 67 that arranges in tooth bar 65 and bridge 66 utilizes the fastening piece (not shown) to link together, tooth bar 65 is along vertical setting of bridge 66, gear 64 is in the intermeshing cooperation with it of tooth bar 65 middle parts, complete the connection of the utility model frcition damper between bridge pier and bridge.when the situations such as generation earthquake or emergency brake of vehicle, movement or vibration that bridge 66 occurs along tooth bar 65 arranged direction, under the driving of tooth bar 65, gear 64 can synchronously rotate, simultaneously, gear 64 also is with the relative plunger 1 of moving constraint cylinder 2 to rotate, thereby realize moving horizontally of bridge 66 is converted into the approximately rotation between bundled tube 2 and plunger 1, at this moment, the utility model frcition damper is started working, because the combination expanding ring that arranges on the about relative plunger 1 of bundled tube 2 has stored certain binding force in advance, approximately bundled tube 2 is in the process that plunger 1 rotates, and between the outer toroid in the combination expanding ring, 4 can exist the surface friction drag that continues, this surface friction drag oppositely acting constantly consumes the approximately rotational energy of bundled tube 2, and then act on tooth bar 65 and bridge 66, make moving horizontally or vibrate and being tending towards very soon static of tooth bar 65 and bridge 66, be conducive to improve the Security of driving.

, owing to being provided with pretightening force adjusting nut 44, can adjust the damping parameter of the utility model product at any time according to engineering reality.

Based on this routine know-why; rotation converting mechanism can also be sprocket wheel and the concrete forms such as chain matching mechanism, toothed belt and belt pulley matching mechanism; can realize same function; it is only the simple transformation of similar driving mechanism; description of drawings no longer one by one, all in the protection domain that the utility model requires.

Embodiment 11

As Figure 24 and the utility model frcition damper shown in Figure 25, be with embodiment ten difference, when basic framework 77 occurred levels moved, rotation converting mechanism also can be arranged on plunger 1 when object 72, and the rotation converting mechanism that arranges on plunger 1 can also be.Approximately an end of bundled tube 2 is fixed with anti-torsion flange 74, corresponding plunger 1 one ends are provided with rotation converting mechanism, described rotation converting mechanism is specially eccentric shoe and guiding groove matching mechanism, in addition, regulate in order conveniently to carry out damping parameter, on plunger 1, an end of corresponding combination expanding ring arranges pre-tightening apparatus, and pre-tightening apparatus forms by pretightening force adjusting nut 44 and the corresponding external thread structure that arranges of the local outer surface of plunger 1.

Take relatively moving as example between object and fixing basic framework, the specific works principle of eccentric shoe in the utility model and the utility model and guiding groove matching mechanism is described.during application, utilize fastening piece 75 and anti-torsion flange 74 that about bundled tube 2 is fixed on the metal connecting piece 76 that is fixedly installed in basic framework 77, in addition, plunger 1 lower end is supported on anti-torsion flange 74 surfaces, the combination expanding ring that arranges on 74 pairs of plungers 1 of anti-torsion flange provides a lateral confinement position, be fixedly installed in plunger 1 upper end and connect otic placode 68, recycling bearing pin 70 is connecting the hinged eccentric shoe 69 that arranges on otic placode 68, the steel anchoring piece 73 that is fixedly installed in the guiding groove 71 of being processed into channel-section steel and object 72 is welded and fixed together, eccentric shoe 69 is embedded in guiding groove 71 and can slides in guiding groove 71, complete the installation of the utility model frcition damper between object 72 and basic framework 77.When the relative basic framework of object 72 77 occurs along the vertical horizontal motion of guiding groove 71 bearing of trends, eccentric shoe 69 is except along guiding groove 71 and its generation relative sliding, also therewith move horizontally under the drive of guiding groove 71, eccentric shoe 69 can drive connection otic placode 68 in the process that moves horizontally and plunger 1 relative restraint cylinder 2 rotates, thereby moving horizontally of object 72 is converted into the rotation of plunger 1 relative restraint cylinder 2.this moment, the utility model frcition damper was started working, be provided with the combination expanding ring of interior annulus 3 and outer toroid 4 formations due to plunger 1 surface, under the swelling effect of combination expanding ring, approximately bundled tube 2 has been laid in higher pretightening force, produce larger to the combination expanding ring, and very stable binding force, therefore plunger 1 is together with making up expanding ring in the process of approximately bundled tube 2 interior rotations, approximately can there is the surface friction drag that continues between the outer toroid in bundled tube 2 and combination expanding ring, this surface friction drag oppositely acting constantly consumes the rotational energy of plunger 1, and then realization continues to consume the kinetic energy of object 72, make the relative basic framework 77 of object 72 be tending towards very soon static.

Embodiment 12

The utility model frcition damper, be with embodiment 11 difference as shown in figure 26, and guiding groove consists of the restraining groove structure that directly arranges on the object that easily is moved.describe with the example that is applied as in bridge construction down, for limiting simultaneously bridge 79 relative to bridge pier 80 moving in vertical (i.e. X-direction in figure) and horizontal (i.e. Y-direction in figure), in bridge 79, corresponding X-direction and Y-direction are respectively arranged with guiding groove 71a and 71b, guiding groove 71a and 71b are the restraining groove of difference integrated setting on bridge 79 bottom surfaces, accordingly, two the utility model frcition dampers are set between bridge pier 80 and bridge 79, wherein, approximately bundled tube 2a and 2b are fixed together by anti-torsion flange (not shown) and bridge pier 80 respectively, plunger 1a is connected with plunger 1b to arrange respectively and connects otic placode 68a and 68b, eccentric shoe 69a by bearing pin 78a with to be connected otic placode 68a hinged, eccentric shoe 69b by bearing pin 78b with to be connected otic placode 68b hinged, eccentric shoe 69a and eccentric shoe 69b are embedded respectively in guiding groove 71a and guiding groove 71b.in the situations such as earthquake or emergency brake of vehicle, when bridge 79 moves along the X-direction occurred level, can drive eccentric shoe 69a moves along the X-direction occurred level, and then drive plunger 1a relative restraint cylinder 2a rotates, this moment, the utility model frcition damper was started working, because about bundled tube 2a surface is provided with the tighting device for support that combination expanding ring (not specifically illustrating in figure) forms, can there is the surface friction drag that continues between both in plunger 1a rotates in about bundled tube 2a process, this surface friction drag oppositely acting constantly consumes the rotational energy of plunger 1a, and then obstruction bridge 79 moving horizontally along X-direction, make the relative bridge pier 80 of bridge 79 be tending towards very soon static.in like manner, when bridge 79 moves along the Y-direction occurred level, can drive eccentric shoe 69b moves along the Y-direction occurred level, and then drive plunger 1b relative restraint cylinder 2b rotates, this moment, the utility model frcition damper was started working, because about bundled tube 2b surface is provided with the tighting device for support that combination expanding ring (not specifically illustrating in figure) forms, can there is the surface friction drag that continues between both in plunger 1b rotates in about bundled tube 2b process, this surface friction drag oppositely acting constantly consumes the rotational energy of plunger 1b, and then obstruction bridge 79 moving horizontally along Y-direction, make the relative bridge pier 80 of bridge 79 be tending towards very soon static.It is to be noted, while between bridge and bridge pier, the horizontal motion of any direction occurring, this motion all can be decomposed into the component motion of X-direction and Y-direction, and two the utility model frcition dampers are started working simultaneously, and mutual noninterference, make the motion of the relative bridge pier of bridge be tending towards very soon static.Owing to being provided with respectively pretightening force adjusting nut 44a and 44b in two the utility model frcition dampers, can need respectively the damping parameter of the utility model frcition damper to be adjusted according to the different vibration dampings of engineering for X-direction and Y-direction, very convenient.

Embodiment 13

The utility model frcition damper as shown in figure 27, be with the difference of frcition damper shown in Figure 17 in embodiment six, the combination expanding ring only is comprised of an outer toroid 4 and an interior annulus 3, the setting that superposes each other of interior annulus and outer toroid, the inner conical surface of outer toroid and the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of interior annulus cooperatively interact.In addition, outer toroid 4 surfaces are provided with wear resistant and rustproof cover 46, and the wear resistant and rustproof cover is made by Cu alloy material.Outer toroid 4 is overlapped 46 by wear resistant and rustproof and is matched with about bundled tube 2 inwalls.

In this example, the wear resistant and rustproof cover except can being made by Cu alloy material, can also consist of cermet material, powdered metallurgical material, carbon fibre material or brake block etc., can play good effect, all in the protection domain that the utility model requires.

, based on this routine know-why, in the described technological scheme of other embodiments of the utility model, also can be fixedly installed on the outer toroid surface wear resistant and rustproof cover, all in the protection domain that the utility model requires.

Embodiment 14

The utility model frcition damper as shown in figure 28, be with the difference of frcition damper shown in Figure 27, plunger 1 surface arranges two groups of combination expanding ring, two groups of combination expanding ring are symmetrical arranged along the positive stop 11 that the plunger surface middle part is fixedly installed, wherein one group of combination expanding ring is superposeed and forms each other by an interior annulus 117 and two outer toroid 115 and 116, another group combination expanding ring is superposeed and forms each other by two interior annulus 118 and 119 and outer toroid 120, and the inner conical surface of outer toroid and the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of interior annulus cooperatively interact.In the pre-tightening apparatus of every group of combination expanding ring one side setting, the pretightening force adjusting nut adopts hydraulic nut 101.

Be noted that in addition the angle of the inner conical surface of the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of annulus in reasonable control and outer toroid, can realize the self-locking between inside and outside annulus, like this, adopt hydraulic nut just can regulate easily.Described hydraulic nut is hydraulic nut general on market,, such as the fragrant THN Series Hydraulic nut that hydraulic pressure mechanical ﹠ electronic equipment corporation, Ltd provides etc. that gives in Shanghai, can be applied in the utility model.

It is to distinguish independent regulation that the benefit that surpasses a combination expanding ring is set in this routine described technological scheme, can realize becoming damping force, and this type of technological scheme all has these characteristics.

while adjusting damping parameter, utilize hydraulic pressure installation to drive hydraulic nut 101, the protruding end that is pressed on adjacent outer toroid 115 and 120 of jacking block 102 in hydraulic nut, and then produce identical extruding force between all outer toroid, make between outer toroid and interior annulus and produce relative displacement, realize changing the overall size of combination expanding ring, and then change the binding force that about bundled tube produces, like this, plunger together with the combination expanding ring again when approximately bundled tube relatively moves, outer toroid and the also corresponding change thereupon of surface friction drag that approximately produces between bundled tube, realize the adjustment of the utility model frcition damper output damping force.

Embodiment 15

The utility model frcition damper, be with the difference of frcition damper shown in Figure 28 as shown in figure 29, and the pre-tightening apparatus of every group of combination expanding ring one side setting arranges external thread structure by hydraulic nut 101 and the local outer surface correspondence of interior annulus 3 and forms.

, for annulus in preventing in working procedure and plunger relatively move or relatively rotate, during making, can assemble after completing interior annulus 3 and plunger 1 is integrally welded at frcition damper.

The benefit of this routine described technological scheme is can independent regulation, can realize becoming damping force.

Compare with embodiment 14, in this routine described technological scheme, the structure of plunger is simpler, is conducive to economical with materials.

Embodiment 16

The utility model frcition damper as shown in figure 30, be with the difference of frcition damper shown in Figure 1, plunger 1 surface arranges two groups of combination expanding ring, two groups of combination expanding ring are symmetrical arranged along the positive stop 11 that the plunger surface middle part is fixedly installed, and the pre-tightening apparatus of every group of combination expanding ring opposite side setting arranges external thread structure by pretightening force adjusting nut 44 and the local outer surface correspondence of plunger and forms.Wherein, one group of interior annulus 3 and outer toroid 4 that makes up in expanding ring is crisscross arranged, and pretightening force adjusting nut 44 is pressed on the end of adjacent interior annulus 3, and positive stop 11 is pressed on the end of adjacent interior annulus 3; Interior annulus 122 and the corresponding setting that superposes each other one by one of interior annulus 121 in another group combination expanding ring, pretightening force adjusting nut 44 is pressed on the end of adjacent outer toroid 122, and positive stop 11 is pressed on the end of adjacent interior annulus 121.

This routine described the utility model frcition damper, utilize pretightening force adjusting nut 44 just can adjust at any time damping force output, applies very convenient.compare with the technological scheme of Fig. 1 record, in this routine described the utility model frcition damper, every group of combination interior annulus of comprising of expanding ring and outer toroid quantity are still less, therefore be more prone to operation in working process, in addition, technological scheme due to be crisscross arranged in the combination expanding ring interior annulus and outer toroid, have the advantages that the tension force size is successively decreased gradually by nearly pretightening force adjusting nut 44 1 side direction opposite sides, therefore the quantity of annulus and outer toroid in reducing in single combination expanding ring, be conducive to keep approximately bundled tube dissimulated electricity power size distribution relatively to change less, approximately between bundled tube and interior annulus, the binding force in each position is relative even, the damping force of output is more relatively stable.

Embodiment 17

The utility model frcition damper, be with the difference of frcition damper shown in Figure 31 as shown in figure 31, and approximately bundled tube 2 is outer also is provided with tighting device for support 201, and tighting device for support 201 forms by being wrapped in the approximately pretension cotton rope of bundled tube 2 outer surfaces.In order to prevent the pretension cotton rope from approximately bundled tube surface slippage, approximately the corresponding pretension cotton rope both sides of bundled tube 2 outer surfaces also are welded with respectively positive stop 202.In addition, in order to give full play to the effect of tighting device for support, the binding force that tighting device for support is produced is passed to the approximately working surface between bundled tube and outer toroid, and approximately the local cylindrical shell of bundled tube 2 is provided with one along the axially extended earth pressure release seam 200 of cylindrical shell.

Based on this routine described know-why, the pretension cotton rope can be made by metallic material or non-metallic fiber material.The steel wire that for example can utilize in winding process the pretightening force of having exerted pressure in this example is as the pretension cotton rope, and in addition, the pretension cotton rope can also be silk, line, rope or the rope that other metallic material, non-metallic fiber material are made.Concrete, the pretension cotton rope can consist of steel wire, steel twist line, titanium alloy wire, carbon fiber, aramid fibre, memory alloy, spider silk or kevlar fiber etc.Be noted that in addition in this example so that an earth pressure release seam to be set and describe as example, in actual applications,, according to the about difference of bundled tube selection, also can approximately on bundled tube, two, three even more earth pressure releases seams be set.Above-mentioned these all are based on the simple of this routine know-why and substitute, among the protection domain that the utility model requires.Have again,, based on embodiment seven, embodiment eight and this routine know-why, if necessary, also can set up tighting device for support in other embodiments of the utility model, also in the protection domain that the utility model requires.

Embodiment 18

The utility model frcition damper shown in figure 32, be with the difference of frcition damper shown in Figure 27, interior annulus 3 and plunger 1 integrated setting in the combination expanding ring, a combination expanding ring only side is provided with pre-tightening apparatus, the pre-tightening apparatus that the corresponding external thread structure that arranges of the local outer surface of pretightening force adjusting nut 44 and plunger 1 forms is arranged on the approximately outside of bundled tube 2, between the pretightening force adjusting nut 44 of combination expanding ring and the setting of one side, space compensation ring 45 is set respectively, wherein, space compensation ring 45 only is pressed on the end face of adjacent outer toroid 4.

In this routine described technological scheme,, due to interior annulus 3 and plunger 1 integrated setting, can not relatively move or rotate between therefore interior annulus and plunger, therefore correspondence arranges pre-tightening apparatus specially, relates to part still less, and the structure of frcition damper is simpler.

The technological scheme of narrating in above-mentioned embodiment of the present utility model is only for understanding better know-why of the present utility model; be not limited to the technological scheme itself that embodiment narrates; technology in many embodiments is decided on a verdict and can also be carried out cross-utilization; also can realize good effect; in this explanation for example that differs, all within the protection domain that the utility model requires.Technology contents by the utility model record can be known, plunger in the utility model and approximately bundled tube can utilize metal or nonmetallic material to make, equally, in the middle of combination expanding ring of the present utility model, different according to the damping force of required output, can utilize the nonmetallic material such as the metallic material such as steel or nylon to make interior annulus and outer toroid, it draws materials very extensive, and the damping force exporting change scope that can form is very big.The utility model frcition damper, simple in structure, stable performance, substantially need not maintenance, long service life, can continue after maintenance to use, have regenerative nature, very environmental protection, particularly the utility model frcition damper can carry out the damping parameter adjustment easily, therefore can be on-the-spot according to engineering reality, the damping parameter of product be optimized adjustment, its engineering practicability is better, has wide market application foreground.

Claims (23)

1. frcition damper, comprise plunger and about bundled tube, plunger part at least is arranged on approximately in bundled tube, it is characterized in that plunger surface arranges at least one group of combination expanding ring, the combination expanding ring is by the outer toroid with inner conical surface with the interior annulus mix proportion of male cone (strobilus masculinus), approximately bundled tube inwall and outer toroid surface close contact, perhaps approximately arrange wear resistant and rustproof layer or wear resistant and rustproof cover between bundled tube and outer toroid.

2. frcition damper according to claim 1, it is characterized in that making up interior annulus in expanding ring and outer toroid along plunger axis to being crisscross arranged, the inner conical surface of outer toroid and the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of adjacent interior annulus cooperatively interact, and adjacent interior annulus is or/and leave gap between adjacent outer toroid.

3. frcition damper according to claim 1, it is characterized in that making up the setting that superposes each other of outer toroid in expanding ring and interior annulus, the inner conical surface of outer toroid cooperatively interacts with the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the interior annulus that is superimposed, and each arranges one at least outer toroid and interior annulus.

4. frcition damper according to claim 3, it is characterized in that in same combination expanding ring, when the quantity of outer toroid and interior annulus surpasses one, between adjacent outer toroid and all very close to each other between adjacent interior annulus, and the inner conical surface true dip direction of adjacent outer toroid also keeps identical with the male cone (strobilus masculinus) true dip direction of interior annulus.

5. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described frcition dampers, is characterized in that making up at least one side of expanding ring and also be provided with pre-tightening apparatus.

6. frcition damper according to claim 5, is characterized in that pre-tightening apparatus comprises position limit pin, positive stop or the spacing shoulder block that arranges on about bundled tube.

7. frcition damper according to claim 5, the pre-tightening apparatus that it is characterized in that making up at least expanding ring one side setting by the pretightening force adjusting nut and approximately the corresponding external thread structure that arranges of the local outer surface of bundled tube form.

8. frcition damper according to claim 5, the pre-tightening apparatus that it is characterized in that making up at least expanding ring one side setting arranges external thread structure by pretightening force adjusting nut and the local outer surface correspondence of interior annulus and forms.

9. according to claim 7 or 8 described frcition dampers, is characterized in that the pretightening force adjusting nut is hydraulic nut.

10. frcition damper according to claim 5, is characterized in that making up between the pre-tightening apparatus of expanding ring and at least one side and be provided with the space compensation ring.

11. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described frcition dampers, is characterized in that plunger and approximately be provided with seal protection cover between bundled tube.

12. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described frcition dampers, is characterized in that plunger or/and approximately on bundled tube, joining interface is set, joining interface comprises joining plate, coupling ring, thread connector or connecting flange, and thread connector comprises screw rod or screw.

13. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described frcition dampers, is characterized in that approximately bundled tube inwall or outer toroid surface are provided with wear resistant and rustproof layer or wear resistant and rustproof cover.

14. frcition damper according to claim 13, is characterized in that wear resistant and rustproof layer or wear resistant and rustproof cover consist of cermet material, powdered metallurgical material, Cu alloy material, carbon fibre material or brake block.

15. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described frcition dampers, is characterized in that approximately bundled tube or plunger are provided with the anti-torsion flange, corresponding plunger or approximately bundled tube be provided with rotation converting mechanism.

16. frcition damper according to claim 15, is characterized in that rotation converting mechanism is tray, wheel and rack matching mechanism, sprocket wheel and chain matching mechanism, toothed belt and belt pulley matching mechanism, slide block and guiding groove matching mechanism or clutch mechanism.

17. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described frcition dampers, is characterized in that making up expanding ring and consist of annular spring.

18. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described frcition dampers, is characterized in that approximately bundled tube also is provided with tighting device for support outward.

19. frcition damper according to claim 18, is characterized in that tighting device for support comprises bunching ring, tightens pipe or pretension cotton rope.

20. frcition damper according to claim 19, is characterized in that tightening pipe or bunching ring and consist of spring steel, the pretension cotton rope is made by metallic material or non-metallic fiber material.

21. frcition damper according to claim 18, is characterized in that approximately the local cylindrical shell of bundled tube is provided with at least one along the axially extended earth pressure release seam of cylindrical shell.

22. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described frcition dampers, is characterized in that approximately the inwall of at least one side end of bundled tube is provided with the transition chamfering.

23. frcition damper according to claim 1, is characterized in that making up interior annulus and plunger integrated setting in expanding ring.

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