CN203284246U - Anaerobic reactor for landfill leachate treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an anaerobic reactor for treating landfill leachate. The top of the anaerobic reactor is provided with a second layer of three-phase separator, and the middle part of the anaerobic reactor is also provided with a first layer of three-phase separator. A separator, which divides the anaerobic reactor into a second reaction chamber and a first reaction chamber from top to bottom, and the first layer of three-phase separator is used to intercept solids and increase the sludge concentration in the first reaction chamber , the second layer of three-phase separator is used for gas-solid-liquid separation to reduce mud in the effluent. In this utility model, aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, a high-efficiency anaerobic reactor suitable for incineration power plant leachate treatment is developed. The reactor has a large aspect ratio and a large volume load, and is a traditional anaerobic 1.5 to 3 times that of the reactor; the use of double-layer three-phase separators, which is equivalent to two UASBs in series, solves the problem of muddy water; the use of internal circulation in the tank saves operating costs and other advantages to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology.

Description

An anaerobic reactor for landfill leachate treatment

technical field

The utility model relates to a device used in the process of treating high-concentration organic wastewater, in particular to a high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor used in the industry of incineration power plant landfill leachate and other high-concentration organic wastewater. the

Background technique

With the deterioration of the ecological environment, the disposal of garbage has become one of the most concerned issues. Domestic garbage is solid waste generated in human daily life and production. Due to the large amount of discharge and complex and diverse components, it brings difficulties to treatment and utilization. , if it cannot be handled in time or improperly, it will pollute the environment and affect environmental sanitation. Garbage disposal is to quickly remove garbage, and conduct harmless treatment, and finally make reasonable use of it. The garbage disposal methods widely used today are sanitary landfill, high temperature composting and incineration. The purpose of garbage disposal is harmless, resourceful and reduction. the

In the process of waste incineration, the waste in the waste storage pit of the waste incineration plant is fermented and decomposed for a few days to increase the calorific value and then leach out the leachate, which is commonly known as "leachate". Compared with the landfill, the leachate of the incineration plant is fresh primary leachate, without anaerobic fermentation, hydrolysis, acidification process, the concentration of organic pollutants is high, and there are a large number of other metals and inorganic pollutants in the leachate Contains heterocyclic aromatic compounds such as benzene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, phenols, alcohol compounds, aniline compounds and other refractory compounds, and is yellowish brown or taupe. the

At present, the main process of landfill leachate treatment is basically regulating tank, pretreatment, biochemical treatment and advanced treatment. The pretreatment mainly adopts coagulation sedimentation method, which mainly removes larger suspended solids and colloidal substances. Biochemical treatment mainly includes Oxygen and aerobic treatment methods, anaerobic mainly adopts the second generation anaerobic reactor, aerobic mainly adopts A/O process or SBR process, membrane system adopts ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis system according to different discharge standards . the

Anaerobic bioreactor is one of the main equipment for treating organic pollutants in sewage by using anaerobic microorganisms. Its characteristics are that it can treat high-concentration organic wastewater, recycle biogas, and the equipment occupies a small area and low operating costs. After more than 100 years of development, the anaerobic reactor has developed from a completely mixed low-load first-generation reactor to an anaerobic contact oxidation reactor (AF) process and an upflow anaerobic sludge bed reactor (UASB). The representative second-generation reactor, in order to further enhance the mixing and contact of anaerobic microorganisms and wastewater, improve the load and treatment efficiency, people have researched and developed the third-generation anaerobic reactor on the basis of it, the representative reactor mainly has internal Circulating Anaerobic Reactor (IC) and Anaerobic Expanded and Fluidized Bed (EGSB). Judging from the development history of the anaerobic reactor, its treatment efficiency has been continuously improved. In the leachate treatment industry, in view of the characteristics of leachate water quality, the UASB process in the second-generation reactor is the most used, but the UASB process has a long residence time and a large area, so it is restricted by both technical and economic indicators. Efficient anaerobic reactors are imperative. the

At present, the traditional anaerobic reactor for treating landfill leachate has low load, long residence time, large one-time investment, large floor area, low treatment efficiency, muddy water, and high operating and maintenance costs. Therefore, there is a need for an anaerobic reactor with higher treatment efficiency especially for treating landfill leachate, so as to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art. the

Utility model content

A series of concepts in simplified form are introduced in the content of the utility model, which will be further explained in detail in the specific embodiment. The utility model content part of the utility model does not mean trying to limit the key features and essential technical features of the claimed technical solution, nor does it mean trying to determine the protection scope of the claimed technical solution. the

On the one hand, the utility model provides an anaerobic reactor for sewage biological treatment, the top of the anaerobic reactor is provided with a second layer of three-phase separator, and the middle of the anaerobic reactor is also provided with a first layer The three-phase separator divides the anaerobic reactor into the second reaction chamber and the first reaction chamber from top to bottom. The first three-phase separator is used to retain solids (sludge) and improve the first The solid (sludge) concentration in the reaction chamber, the second layer of three-phase separator is used for gas-solid-liquid separation to reduce mud in the effluent. the

Preferably, the height of the anaerobic reactor is 15-25m. the

Preferably, the aspect ratio of the anaerobic reactor is 1.5-3. the

Preferably, the top of the first layer of three-phase separator is provided with a gas collection pipe network, which is used to collect the gas generated in the first reaction chamber and the water vapor entrained in the gas and then return it to the bottom of the first reaction chamber , to realize circulation in the anaerobic reactor. the

As a preference, the gas collection pipe network includes the gas collection main pipe of the first layer of three-phase separator and the gas collection branch pipe of the first layer of three-phase separator, and the gas collection branch pipe of the first layer of three-phase separator collects gas and then flows into the The first layer of three-phase separator gas collection main pipe enters the tank top steam-water separator through the first layer of three-phase separator gas collection main pipe, the liquid returns to the first reaction chamber, and the gas goes to the comprehensive utilization device. the

As a preference, a circulating water collection tank is provided under the second layer of three-phase separator, and the leachate treated in the first reaction chamber and the second reaction chamber enters the circulating water collection tank after being collected, and after the circulation After the water collection tank is discharged from the reactor, it returns to the bottom of the reactor for recycling to realize the external circulation of the reactor. the

As a preference, the circulating water collection pipe (through a pipeline) is connected to an external circulating water pump, and the effluent of the external circulating pump is mixed with the influent water of the anaerobic reactor and distributed at the bottom of the reactor. the

As a preference, a water distribution box is provided at the bottom of the anaerobic reactor, the water distribution box is connected to the internal circulation pipe in the reactor, and 4-8 nozzles are arranged on the water distribution box. the

Preferably, the pipe diameter of the nozzle is 25-50mm. the

Preferably, the angle between the nozzle and the horizontal direction is 20-45°. the

Preferably, a water distribution pipe is provided at the bottom of the anaerobic reactor, and the water distribution pipe is a perforated pipe. the

Preferably, the water distribution pipe is 300-500mm away from the bottom of the pool body. the

Preferably, the diameter of the perforation on the water distribution pipe is between 20 mm and 50 mm. the

In this utility model, aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, a high-efficiency anaerobic reactor suitable for incineration power plant leachate treatment is developed. The reactor has a large aspect ratio and a large volume load, and is a traditional anaerobic 1.5 to 3 times that of the reactor; a double-layer three-phase separator is used, equivalent to two UASBs connected in series, to solve the problem of mud in the effluent; the external circulation of the effluent is used to increase the rising flow rate in the tank, which can achieve uniform stirring and keep the upper reaction chamber constant. Sludge concentration; the advantages of using internal circulation in the tank and saving operating costs are used to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology. the

Description of drawings

The following drawings of the utility model are used as a part of the utility model for understanding the utility model. Embodiments of the utility model and description thereof are shown in the accompanying drawings, which are used to explain the principle of the utility model. In the attached picture,

Fig. 1 shows a structural diagram of an internal and external circulation anaerobic reactor for landfill leachate treatment according to the utility model. the

Detailed ways

In the following description, numerous specific details are given in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these details. In other examples, in order to avoid confusion with the present invention, some technical features known in the art are not described. the

The technical solution of the utility model is described in detail below through the embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. the

In the reactor of the present utility model, by adjusting the height and radius of the reactor, the reactor has a relatively large aspect ratio, the suitable range of height of the reactor is 15-25m, and the range of aspect ratio is 1.5-3 Between, saving land occupation. the

Secondly, the reactor adopts a double-layer separator to divide the reactor into two reaction chambers, the first reaction chamber is located below, and the sludge concentration in the first reaction chamber is high, and granular sludge is easy to form, Therefore, its volumetric load is relatively high, generally up to 6-12kgCOD/m ³ , and the volumetric load of the second reaction chamber is low due to the low sludge concentration, generally 2-5kgCOD/m ³ . The first layer of three-phase separator mainly separates gas and solid, and the solid is intercepted, so that the first reaction chamber maintains a high sludge concentration, and the gas is collected through the pipeline and returned to the first reaction chamber. The second layer of three-phase separator is specially used for gas-liquid-solid separation to reduce mud in the effluent, and a steam-water separator is installed on the top of the reactor to separate the water vapor entrained by the biogas.

The utility model improves the volume load and processing efficiency of the reactor by adopting the form of internal and external double circulation, so as to reduce investment and operation cost. The specific internal circulation implementation mode is to set the gas collection pipe network on the top of the first layer of three-phase separator in the reactor, and the gas collection pipe network has the first layer of three-phase separator gas collection main pipe 17 and the first layer of three-phase separator gas collection branch pipe 18. The water vapor entrained in the biogas collected by the gas collection pipe network enters the steam-water separator 10, and the water vapor and biogas are separated under the action of gravity, and the biogas enters the biogas pipe network for comprehensive utilization. For example, the collected biogas is transported to the generator set for use through pipelines; Return to the bottom of the first reaction chamber through the internal circulation pipe to realize the internal circulation of the reactor. The implementation of the external circulation is to install a circulating water collecting pipe on the upper part of the three-phase separator on the first layer of the reactor, close to the three-phase separation on the second layer. The diameter of the circulating water collecting pipe depends on the size of the external circulating water, generally 150-350mm , the leachate treated in the first and second reaction chambers is collected by pipelines and then enters the circulating water collection tank, and is connected to the external circulation pump through the pipelines. The water from the external circulation pump and the water from the anaerobic tank are evenly distributed at the bottom of the reactor to maintain The rising flow rate and the buffering water load of the anaerobic tank realize the external circulation of the reactor. Compared with the traditional anaerobic reactor relying solely on external circulation, this design greatly saves the cost of power operation. the

In order to overcome various problems existing in the prior art, the water distribution system of the high-efficiency anaerobic reactor of the utility model has made corresponding improvements in the internal and external circulation systems. The internal circulation water distribution system adopts the form of nozzles. The internal circulation water first flows back to the water distribution tank at the bottom of the reactor. 4 to 8 nozzles are installed on the water distribution tank. Angle, the suitable range of the angle is 20-45°. The water distribution system of the external circulation adopts the perforated pipe water distribution method. In order to avoid frequent blockage of the perforated pipe, the diameter of the perforated hole should be enlarged as much as possible during design. The diameter range should be between 20mm and 50mm. Once the water inlet perforated pipe is blocked, design a high-pressure backwash pipeline, and the flushing water should be fire-fighting water from the power plant. the

Fig. 1 shows a structural diagram of an anaerobic reactor according to the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, the utility model is composed of the bottom of the reactor 1, the slope of the sludge bucket 2, the inspection hole 3, the straight wall of the reactor 4, the insulation layer 5, the first layer of three-phase separator 6, the second layer of three Phase separator 7, outlet weir 8, tank top 9, steam-water separator 10, second-layer three-phase separator gas collection main pipe 11, second-layer three-phase separator gas-collection branch pipe 12, water outlet pipe 13, circulating water collection tank 14 , circulation water collection pipe 15, circulation pump water inlet pipe 16, first layer three-phase separator gas collection main pipe 17, first layer three-phase separator gas collection branch pipe 18, internal circulation pipe 19, water distribution tank 20, water distribution nozzle 21, Water distribution pipe 22 and mud discharge pipe 23 are formed. the

As shown in Figure 1, the reactor tank body described in the utility model is welded by the reactor bottom 1, the reactor straight wall 4, and the tank top 9, and the material is carbon steel. Layer 5 is used for thermal insulation. The bottom of the reactor adopts a sludge hopper composed of the bottom 1 of the reactor and the sloped side 2 of the sludge hopper, which is convenient for sludge discharge from the reactor. the

The first layer of three-phase separator 6 is set in the middle part of the reactor, and the top of the first layer of three-phase separator 6 is connected to the gas collection branch pipe 18 of the first layer of three-phase separator, and the first layer of three-phase separator The gas collection branch pipe 18 is connected to the gas collection main pipe 17 of the first layer of three-phase separator. The gas separated at the top of the first three-phase separator 6 is collected by the gas collection branch pipe 18 of the first three-phase separator and enters the gas collection main pipe 17 of the first three-phase separator. The gas collection main pipe 17 is connected to the steam-water separator 10 at the top of the anaerobic reactor for realizing water-steam separation. the

The top of the second-layer three-phase separator is provided with a gas-collecting branch pipe 12, which is connected to the gas-collecting main pipe 11, and the gas-collecting branch pipe 12 collects gas into the gas-collecting main pipe 11, and then enters the biogas water Seal 10 for steam-water separation. A water outlet weir 8 is set on the top of the reactor to collect the treated water, and finally the water outlet pipe 13 is discharged into the next process monomer. the

Between the first layer of three-phase separator 6 and the second layer of three-phase separator 7, a circulating water collecting branch pipe 15 is arranged, and the circulating water collecting branch pipe 15 is connected to the circulating water collecting tank 14, and the water collecting branch pipe 15 collects water to the circulating water collection. The water tank 14 and the circulating water collection tank are connected to the water inlet pipe 16 of the circulating pump to realize external circulation. the

The liquid treated in the first reaction chamber and the second reaction chamber flows to the water distribution tank 20 through the internal circulation pipe 19, and is uniformly distributed at the bottom of the reactor through the water distribution nozzle 21 to realize the internal circulation of the liquid. the

The working principle of the utility model is as follows: after the leachate feeds through the water distribution pipe network 22 for perforation and water distribution, it fully mixes and reacts with the sludge at the bottom of the reactor, and the leachate, sludge and the methane produced by the reaction pass through the first layer of three-phase The separator 6 performs the first separation, the granular sludge is trapped in the first reaction chamber, and the flocculent sludge enters the second reaction chamber through the three-phase separator to continue the reaction. After the reaction, the gas-solid-liquid passes through the second layer three The phase separator 7 performs three separations, the organic sludge is trapped in the second reaction chamber, and the inorganic sludge enters the outlet weir 8 with the outlet water through the three-phase separator, and enters the next monomer through the outlet pipe 13 . the

The biogas produced in the first reaction chamber and the biogas produced in the second reaction chamber respectively pass through the gas collection main pipe 17 of the first layer three-phase separator, the gas collection branch pipe 18 of the first layer three-phase separator and the gas collection of the second layer three-phase separator The main pipe 11 and the gas-collecting branch pipe 12 of the second-layer three-phase separator enter the steam-water separator 10 for steam-water separation. The biogas is comprehensively utilized through the pipeline, and the liquid flows to the water distribution tank 20 through the internal circulation pipe 19, and is evenly distributed in the water distribution tank 21 through the water distribution nozzle 21. bottom of the reactor. the

After the leachate feeds through the water distribution pipe network 22 for perforated water distribution, it fully mixes and reacts with the sludge at the bottom of the reactor. After the leachate, sludge and the biogas generated by the reaction enter the second reaction chamber, the organic sludge is retained. After being separated by the second layer of three-phase separator, the leachate obtained is collected by the circulating water collecting pipe 15 and then enters the circulating water collecting tank 14, and the circulating water collecting tank 14 transports the leachate through the internal circulation pipe 19 To the water distribution tank 20, the water distribution tank 20 returns the leachate to the first reaction chamber through the water distribution nozzle 21 arranged around the water distribution tank 20, so as to realize the internal circulation of the leachate and the liquid, as Preferably, the internal circulation water distribution system adopts the form of nozzles, and the internal circulation water first flows back to the water distribution tank at the bottom of the reactor. Specifically, 4 to 8 nozzles are placed on the water distribution tank 20, and the diameter of each nozzle is preferably 25-50mm, the nozzle is at a certain angle to the horizontal direction, and the suitable range of the angle is 20-45°. the

In addition, a circulation pump inlet pipe 16 is also arranged on the water collection tank 14, and after 15 is collected, it enters the circulation water collection tank 14, and then enters the external circulation pump through the circulation pump water inlet pipe 16, and the outlet pipe of the external circulation pump is connected to the water distribution pipe 22 Enter the bottom of the reactor at the same time as the incoming water for uniform water distribution. Specifically, the water distribution pipe 22 adopts a perforated pipe water distribution method. In order to avoid frequent blockage of the perforated pipe, the diameter of the perforated hole should be enlarged as much as possible during design. The diameter range should be between 20 mm and 50 mm. 500mm. The utility model solves the problems of large area occupied by the reactor, high one-time investment, low processing efficiency, high operating cost, difficult operation and maintenance, and the like. Moreover, the utility model has a high gas production rate, and the comprehensive utilization of biogas produces more economic benefits. the

In this utility model, aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, a high-efficiency anaerobic reactor suitable for incineration power plant leachate treatment is developed. The reactor has a large aspect ratio and a large volume load, and is a traditional anaerobic 1.5 to 3 times that of the reactor; a double-layer three-phase separator is used, equivalent to two UASBs connected in series, to solve the problem of mud in the effluent; the external circulation of the effluent is used to increase the rising flow rate in the tank, which can achieve uniform stirring and keep the upper reaction chamber constant. Sludge concentration; the advantages of using internal circulation in the tank and saving operating costs are used to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology. the

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

(1) The height-to-diameter ratio of the anaerobic reactor increases. The height-to-diameter ratio of the traditional anaerobic reactor is basically 1:1, while the height-to-diameter ratio of the high-efficiency anaerobic reactor can range from 1.5 to 3, and The volume load of the high-efficiency anaerobic reactor is relatively high, and the residence time is relatively short, so the occupied area can be greatly saved. the

(2) The volume load of the reactor is relatively high, the volume load of traditional anaerobic is generally 3-4kgCOD/m ³ , the residence time is 10-12 days, and the total volume load of the reactor is about 5-7kgCOD/m ³ , The residence time is about 6-9 days, saving one-time investment.

(3) The internal and external circulation method is used to dilute the influent water and buffer the volume load of the influent water, which saves operating costs compared with traditional reactors that rely solely on external circulation. the

(4) The method of flushing the water distribution pipeline with high-pressure water is more convenient and quicker than the method of dredging the clogged pipeline by mechanical means. the

(5) The removal efficiency of organic pollutants is high. The COD removal rate of the traditional anaerobic process is basically between 70% and 80 ^% . The removal rate is basically above 85% to 93%, and the biogas production per ton of leachate is about 14 to 18Nm ³ , increasing biogas power generation and bringing economic benefits.

The utility model has been described through the above embodiments, but it should be understood that the above embodiments are only for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to limit the utility model to the scope of the described embodiments. In addition, those skilled in the art can understand that the utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and more variations and modifications can be made according to the teaching of the utility model, and these variations and modifications all fall within the scope of the utility model. within the scope of protection. The protection scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalent scope. the

Claims (13)

1. one kind is used for the anaerobic reactor that percolate is processed, described anaerobic reactor top is provided with second layer triphase separator, it is characterized in that, described anaerobic reactor middle part also is provided with the first layer triphase separator, described anaerobic reactor is divided into the second reaction chamber and the first reaction chamber from top to bottom, and described the first layer triphase separator is used for holding back solid, improves the solids concn in described the first reaction chamber, described second layer triphase separator is used for gas-solid-liquid and separates, to reduce water outlet band mud.

2. anaerobic reactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the height of described anaerobic reactor is 15-25m.

3. anaerobic reactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the aspect ratio of described anaerobic reactor is 1.5-3.

4. anaerobic reactor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the top of described the first layer triphase separator is provided with gas gathering network, be used for after steam that the gas that will described the first reaction chamber produces and gas carries secretly is collected being back to again bottom described the first reaction chamber, to realize described anaerobic reactor internal recycle.

5. anaerobic reactor according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described gas gathering network comprises the first layer triphase separator gas gathering manifold and the first layer triphase separator gas-collecting branch pipe, described the first layer triphase separator gas-collecting branch pipe imports described the first layer triphase separator gas gathering manifold after collecting gas, enter the tank deck steam separator by described the first layer triphase separator gas gathering manifold, liquid returns to described the first reaction chamber, and gas is to comprehensive utilization device.

6. anaerobic reactor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, be provided with the recirculated water header tank below described second layer triphase separator, the percolate that described the first reaction chamber and described the second reaction chamber are processed enters the recirculated water header tank after collecting, after described recirculated water header tank is discharged reactor, turn back to reactor bottom and recycle, with realization response device outer loop.

7. anaerobic reactor according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described cycle set water pipe is connected with the outer circulation water pump, and the water outlet of described outer circulation pump and described anaerobic reactor water inlet mixed distribution are at reactor bottom.

8. anaerobic reactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described anaerobic reactor bottom is provided with the cloth water tank, and described cloth water tank is connected with the inner circulating tube in reactor, and 4-8 nozzle is set on described cloth water tank.

9. anaerobic reactor according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the caliber of described nozzle is 25-50mm.

10. anaerobic reactor according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the angle of described nozzle and horizontal direction is 20-45 °.

11. anaerobic reactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described anaerobic reactor bottom arranges water distributor, and described water distributor is perforated pipe.

12. anaerobic reactor according to claim 11, is characterized in that, described water distributor is apart from pond body bottom 300-500mm.

13. anaerobic reactor according to claim 11, is characterized in that, on described water distributor, penetration hole diameter is between 20mm-50mm.