CN203270053U - Melting pool for aluminium electrolysis cell - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a melting pool of an aluminum electrolytic cell, which overcomes the problems in the prior art that the inner liner of the electric aluminum electrolytic cell vertically enters and exits contains a cathode carbon block, cracks easily occur around the carbon block and the upper surface of the carbon block easily causes the fluctuation of the aluminum liquid to increase. The problem of power consumption. The molten pool of the aluminum electrolytic cell includes an electrolytic cell shell and an inner liner, the inner surface of the electrolytic cell shell is attached to the outer surface of the inner liner, and at least one aluminum storage groove or aluminum row protrusion is provided on the bottom of the inner liner. The aluminum storage groove is a concave cylindrical surface, a concave spherical surface, a concave rotating paraboloid, a concave ellipsoid, a concave plane or an inverted herringbone concave slope. The aluminum row protrusions are convex cylinders, convex spheres, convex paraboloids of revolution, convex ellipsoids, convex planes or herringbone convex slopes. The lining of the electrolytic cell does not contain cathode carbon blocks, does not produce electrochemical corrosion, and can avoid liquid leakage caused by the existence of conductive holes. The lining is not prone to cracks, and the occurrence of furnace leakage can be avoided.

Description

Aluminum electrolytic cell molten pool

technical field

The utility model relates to a lining structure technology of an aluminum electrolytic cell, in particular to a melting pool of an aluminum electrolytic cell.

Background technique

The main production equipment in the modern aluminum industry is aluminum electrolytic cell. The basic production process is to pass direct current into the carbon anode through the column busbar and anode busbar on the side of the cell, and an electrochemical reaction occurs at the interface between the carbon anode and the cryolite electrolyte melt. The alumina in the cryolite electrolyte melt is electrolyzed into liquid metal aluminum, which is deposited at the bottom of the electrolytic cell, and the carbon anode is continuously consumed and carbon dioxide gas is released on the anode. The direct current flows through the liquid metal aluminum, then flows through the carbon cathode below it, and flows out of the electrolytic cell along the same number of cathode steel rods on both sides of the long side of the electrolytic cell. During the production process of the aluminum electrolytic cell, there are molten electrolyte above 1000°C and molten aluminum above 900°C in the cell. During the electrolytic production process, a powerful current of hundreds of thousands of amperes flows through the bottom of the molten pool of the electrolytic tank. Under the action of the electrochemical reaction, the cathode carbon block at the bottom will have cracks, and electrolyte or aluminum water will infiltrate through the cracks of the cathode carbon block. , Destroy the lining structure, and finally form the electrolytic cell leakage furnace.

After the improvement, the electrolysis process adopts the horizontal power-in and out-flow method, and the lining of the electrolytic cell does not contain cathode carbon blocks, which can avoid liquid leakage caused by the existence of conductive holes, and the lining is not prone to cracks, which can avoid the occurrence of furnace leakage. At the same time, it can eliminate the existence of the cathode carbon block and the horizontal structure of the upper surface of the carbon block, which causes the aluminum liquid on the upper part of the cathode lining to generate a magnetic swirl flow of the aluminum liquid under the action of a strong electromagnetic field generated by a strong current of hundreds of thousands of amperes, causing the aluminum liquid to vortex. Fluctuations, resulting in an increase in the setting of the electrolyte pole distance, and an increase in the voltage setting leads to an increase in the power consumption of the electrolytic aluminum process. When the bottom of the inner liner is provided with aluminum storage grooves or aluminum discharge protrusions, the generated aluminum liquid can be collected in the lower part of the inner liner in time to be pumped away, which can prevent excessive aluminum liquid from accumulating and avoiding fluctuations of aluminum liquid.

Utility model content

The utility model overcomes the problems in the prior art that the inner lining of the vertically entering and exiting electric aluminum electrolytic cell contains cathode carbon blocks, cracks are likely to occur around the carbon blocks and the upper surface of the carbon blocks is likely to cause fluctuations in aluminum liquid and increase power consumption, and provides a durable Durable electric aluminum bath with no holes at the bottom of the inner substrate.

The technical solution of the utility model is to provide an aluminum electrolytic cell melting pool with the following structure: it contains the electrolytic cell shell and the inner lining, the inner surface of the electrolytic cell shell is attached to the outer surface of the inner lining, and the bottom of the inner lining is At least one aluminum storage groove or aluminum row protrusion is provided. The aluminum storage groove is a concave cylindrical surface, a concave spherical surface, a concave rotating paraboloid, a concave ellipsoid, a concave plane or an inverted herringbone concave slope. The concave cylindrical surface and the inverted herringbone concave inclined surface are arranged vertically, horizontally or obliquely, and the longitudinal direction is parallel to the long side of the molten pool. The aluminum row protrusions are convex cylinders, convex spheres, convex paraboloids of revolution, convex ellipsoids, convex planes or herringbone convex slopes. The convex cylindrical surface and the herringbone convex inclined surface are arranged longitudinally, transversely or obliquely, and the longitudinal direction is parallel to the long side of the molten pool. The lining contains insulation materials, refractory materials, impermeable materials and corrosion-resistant materials.

Compared with the prior art, the molten pool of the aluminum electrolytic cell of the utility model has the following advantages: after improvement, the lining of the electrolytic cell does not contain cathode carbon blocks, does not produce electrochemical corrosion, and can avoid liquid leakage caused by the existence of conductive holes. The lining is not prone to cracks, which can avoid the occurrence of furnace leakage. At the same time, it can eliminate the horizontal structure of the upper surface of the cathode carbon block, which causes the aluminum liquid on the upper part of the cathode lining to generate a magnetic swirl flow of the aluminum liquid under the action of a magnetic field, thereby greatly improving the current efficiency and increasing the output of primary aluminum. While saving electric energy, it can greatly simplify the busbar configuration of the aluminum electrolytic cell and save a lot of aluminum materials. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, material saving, long service life and good social and economic benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the plan view of Embodiment 1 of molten pool of aluminum electrolytic cell of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of A-A' in the top view of the utility model aluminum electrolytic tank molten pool embodiment one;

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of B-B' in the top view of the first embodiment of the aluminum electrolytic cell molten pool of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the plan view of Embodiment 2 of the melting pool of the aluminum electrolytic cell of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of A-A' in the plan view of Embodiment 2 of the molten pool of the aluminum electrolytic cell of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of B-B' in the top view of Embodiment 2 of the molten pool of the aluminum electrolytic cell of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a top view of Embodiment 3 of the melting pool of the aluminum electrolytic cell of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of A-A' in the top view of the third embodiment of the molten pool of the aluminum electrolytic cell of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of B-B' in the top view of Embodiment 3 of the molten pool of the aluminum electrolytic cell of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a top view of Embodiment 4 of the molten pool of the aluminum electrolytic cell of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of A-A' in the top view of Embodiment 4 of the molten pool of the aluminum electrolytic cell of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of B-B' in the top view of Embodiment 4 of the molten pool of the aluminum electrolytic cell of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In the description of the drawings, the number 1 is the shell of the electrolytic cell, the number 2 is the insulation material, the number 3 is the lining, the number 4 is the aluminum storage groove, and the number 5 is the aluminum row protrusion.

The molten pool of the aluminum electrolytic cell of the utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: As shown in the figure, when the electricity is fed in and out horizontally, after the direct current passes through the carbon electrodes, an electrochemical reaction occurs at the interface of the electrolyte melt , the aluminum oxide dissolved in the cryolite electrolyte melt is electrolyzed into liquid metal aluminum, which is deposited to the bottom of the electrolytic cell, and the aluminum storage groove or aluminum row protrusion is provided at the bottom, which can conveniently collect the aluminum liquid to the inner lining The lower part is finally sucked out quickly by the vacuum ladle. the

Claims (2)

1. A melting pool of an aluminum electrolytic cell, comprising an electrolytic cell shell (1) and an inner lining (3), the inner surface of the electrolytic cell shell (1) is attached to the outer surface of the inner lining (3), and it is characterized in that: The bottom of the lining (3) is provided with at least one aluminum storage groove (4) or aluminum row protrusion (5). 2. The melting pool of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the aluminum storage groove (4) is a concave cylindrical surface, a concave spherical surface, a concave rotating paraboloid, a concave ellipsoid, a concave plane or an inverted Glyph concave slope. 3. The molten pool of aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: the concave cylindrical surface and the inverted herringbone concave slope are arranged vertically, horizontally or obliquely, and the longitudinal direction and the long side of the molten pool parallel. 4. The melting pool of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the aluminum row protrusion (5) is a convex cylindrical surface, a convex spherical surface, a convex rotating paraboloid, a convex ellipsoid, a convex plane or a herringbone Convex bevel. 5. The melting pool of aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: the convex cylindrical surface and herringbone convex slope are arranged vertically, horizontally or obliquely, and the longitudinal direction is parallel to the long side of the molten pool . 6. The melting pool of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner lining (3) contains thermal insulation material (2), refractory material, impermeable material and corrosion-resistant material.

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