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CN203257903U - 轴承布置结构、保持架及其套件、变速箱和风力涡轮机 - Google Patents

轴承布置结构、保持架及其套件、变速箱和风力涡轮机 Download PDF

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CN203257903U
CN203257903U CN2013201786262U CN201320178626U CN203257903U CN 203257903 U CN203257903 U CN 203257903U CN 2013201786262 U CN2013201786262 U CN 2013201786262U CN 201320178626 U CN201320178626 U CN 201320178626U CN 203257903 U CN203257903 U CN 203257903U
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R·史密斯
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C25/00—Bearings for exclusively rotary movement adjustable for wear or play
    • F16C25/06—Ball or roller bearings
    • F16C25/08—Ball or roller bearings self-adjusting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
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    • F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
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    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C25/00—Bearings for exclusively rotary movement adjustable for wear or play
    • F16C25/06—Ball or roller bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/067—Fixing them in a housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
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    • F16C39/02—Relieving load on bearings using mechanical means
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    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/36—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers
    • F16C19/364—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
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    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/38—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers
    • F16C19/383—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
    • F16C19/385—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone with two rows, i.e. double-row tapered roller bearings
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
    • F16C2360/31—Wind motors
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    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
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Abstract

一种轴承布置结构(200)，其包括：壳体(110)，穿过所述壳体的旋转部件(112)，设置在所述壳体和所述旋转部件之间且支撑轴承部件的轴承组件(114)以及与所述壳体和所述轴承组件相接触的保持架(100)。所述保持架包括能够与所述壳体相接合的定位装置，从而所述保持架能够运动至预定位置以保持所述轴承组件。

Description

轴承布置结构、保持架及其套件、变速箱和风力涡轮机
技术领域
本实用新型涉及轴承布置结构、保持架及保持架套件、变速箱和风力涡轮机；其中，保持架用于将轴承组件保持在壳体中，尤其是用于风力涡轮发电机中的轴承组件，并且其中，变速箱和风力涡轮机分别包括所述的轴承布置结构和/或保持架。 
背景技术
绝大部分在风力涡轮发电机高速轴中出现的轴承失效是因为对轴承进行的不合适的设置。这是由于对变速箱存在设计要求，以及对变速箱和轴承精确测量的要求，还有后来对轴承保持架的精密制造要求。除此之外，如果不提出模糊测量或者精密机器作业的要求，则难以控制预负载/间隙。 
为了向轴承提供合适的预负载/间隙，要求轴承保持架特别针对每个单独的变速箱配套和制造。在制造过程中，这些尺寸要求很难达到，并且经常在维护期间也不可能实现，例如对于机舱的返修就如此，尽管付出了辛苦的工作。因此，最终安装的轴承具有不确定的预负载/间隙，并因此具有不确定的寿命。 
实用新型内容
因此，需要一种轴承保持架，其能够适用于任何制造商的所有变速箱，并在轴承替换作业中能够结合在任何变速箱中，并在轴承的寿命周期中容易地改变预负载/间隙。 
根据本实用新型的第一方面，提供一种轴承布置结构，其包括壳体；穿过所述壳体的旋转部件；设置在所述壳体和所述旋转部件之间的轴承组件；与所述壳体和所述轴承组件相接触的保持架，所 述保持架包括能够与所述壳体相接合的定位装置；其中所述保持架能够运动至预定位置以保持所述轴承组件。 
优选的是，所述保持架能够运动至预定位置，其中预负载施加到所述轴承组件。 
优选的是，所述保持架能够运动至预定位置，其中间隙施加到所述轴承组件。 
优选的是，所述轴承组件位于设置在旋转部件和所述壳体之间的轴承壳体中，所述保持架包括：能够适用于与所述旋转部件相接合的密封装置，其中所述保持架能够与旋转部件形成密封。 
优选的是，所述保持架包括环形部分。优选的是，所述环形部分的外表面包括配置成与所述壳体上的螺纹相接合的螺纹。优选的是，所述环形部分的内表面包括配置成对所述旋转部件密封的密封部件。 
优选的是，所述壳体包括配置成与所述保持架相接合的盖板。 
优选的是，所述壳体是变速箱壳体。优选的是，所述变速箱是风力涡轮机变速箱。 
根据本实用新型的第二方面，提供一种用于轴承组件的保持架，其中，所述轴承组件位于壳体中，所述保持架包括：能够与所述壳体相接合的定位装置，其中所述保持架能够运动至预定位置以保持所述轴承组件。 
优选的是，所述保持架能够运动至预定位置，其中预负载施加到所述轴承组件。 
优选的是，所述保持架能够运动至预定位置，其中间隙施加到所述轴承组件。 
优选的是，所述轴承组件位于设置在旋转部件和所述壳体之间的壳体中，所述保持架包括：能够适用于与所述旋转部件相接合的密封装置，其中所述保持架能够与旋转部件形成密封。 
优选的是，所述保持架包括环形部分。优选的是，所述环形部分的外表面包括配置成与所述壳体上的螺纹相接合的螺纹。优选的 是，所述环形部分的内表面包括配置成相对于所述旋转部件密封的密封部件。 
优选的是，所述壳体包括配置成与所述保持架相接合的盖板。 
优选的是，所述壳体是变速箱壳体。优选的是，所述变速箱是风力涡轮机变速箱。 
根据本实用新型的第三方面，提供了一种用于维护轴承的方法，其包括以下步骤：使所述保持架与所述壳体相脱离；替换所述轴承组件；使所述保持架与所述壳体相接合；以及使所述保持架运动至预定位置以保持所述轴承组件。 
附图说明
下面将参照附图并仅以示例的方式对本实用新型进行描述，其中： 
图1示出了本实用新型的一种轴承保持架的示意图； 
图2A和2B示出了轴承保持架具体实施例的截面图； 
图3示出了具有与轴承壳体上的相应螺纹相接合的螺纹的轴承保持架； 
图4示出了实现轴承保持架和壳体之间间接接合的保持架盖板； 
图5示出了能够与旋转部件相接合的密封装置； 
图6示出了用于将所述轴承保持架固定就位的锁定机构。 
具体实施方式
图1示出了本实用新型的轴承保持架100的截面图。轴承保持架100具有用于与轴承组件114的壳体110相接合的表面102，用于对由轴承组件114支撑的旋转部件112进行密封的表面104，以及用于与轴承布置结构114接触以将轴承组件保持在壳体110中的表面106。 
轴承保持架100的形状能够根据轴承壳体110和轴承布置结构114的形状和设计进行改变，图2A和图2B示出了轴承保持架100 具体实施例的截面图，其中每个轴承保持架100具有用于与轴承组件114的壳体110相接合的表面102，用于对通过轴承组件114支撑的旋转部件112进行密封的表面104以及用于与轴承布置结构114接触以将轴承组件保持在壳体110中的表面106。 
用于与壳体110相接合的表面102能够允许相对壳体110调整轴承保持架100的轴向位置。图3示出了这样的配置，其中，表面102包括与轴承壳体110上的相对应的螺纹304相接合的螺纹302。因此，轴承保持架100能够旋转并然后紧固以将合适的预负载施加在轴承组件114上以及/或者设定合适的间距以保持轴承组件114。 
在图1和图3中示出的实施例中，轴承保持架与壳体110直接接合。在另一个可选的实施方式中，如图4所示的实施例，壳体110包括保持架盖板116，轴承保持架100通过保持架盖板116与壳体110间接接合。这意味着，例如当轴承布置结构114要替换时，轴承保持架100能够作为一种翻新选择而轻易地结合在当前变速箱中。 
保持架盖板116能够附接到壳体110的当前几何结构，例如可通过采用适合的螺栓508的方式，保持架100通过能够与壳体100接合的定位装置而附接到保持架盖板116。保持架100能够运动至预定位置以保持轴承组件114。该定位装置可以是如图3所示的表面102上的螺纹302，因此，保持架100能够旋转并然后紧固以将合适的预负载施加在轴承组件114上或者设定合适的间距。 
保持架100更进一步地包括位于能够与旋转部件112相接合的表面104上的密封装置502，如图5所示，从而保持架100能够与旋转部件112形成密封。这种密封可以是在表面104上的迷宫式密封结构。另一密封装置504可包括在表面102与壳体110或者保持架盖板116之间。保持架盖板116包括栓506以便于保持架盖板116和壳体110之间的接合。 
保持架100典型地可以是环形，并且螺纹位于外表面102上。环形部分的内表面104包括配置成对旋转部件112密封的密封部件502。 
壳体110可以是变速箱的壳体。这种变速箱可以是风力涡轮发电机变速箱。 
轴承保持架100能够通过以下两种方式之一而得到运用： 
当使用制造商提供的轴承垫片时，轴承保持架100能够扭转以产生预先设定的扭矩(使用简单的工具)，然后退回预先设定的角度以给出合适的运行间隙。最终，轴承保持架例如可通过一个或更多个如图6所示类型的锁定机构以被锁止定位。 
当不使用提供的轴承垫片时，轴承保持架110能够扭转以产生预先设定的扭矩(再一次使用相同的工具)，然后例如通过一个或更多个如图6所示类型的锁定机构以被锁止定位。 
本实用新型包括套件，其包括轴承保持架100，并且还可以选择性地包括盖板116。 
本实用新型包括一种用于维护轴承布置结构114的方法，并且该方法包含：使轴承保持架100与壳体110相脱离、去除掉或者替换轴承组件112、将轴承保持架110和壳体110进行接合；以及将轴承保持架100运动至预定位置以保持轴承组件114。 
该方法还包括根据当前轴承布置结构对轴承保持架110进行翻新时，将盖板116附接到壳体110的步骤。 

Claims (24)

1.一种轴承布置结构，其包括： 
壳体； 
穿过所述壳体的旋转部件； 
设置在所述壳体和所述旋转部件之间的轴承组件； 
与所述壳体和所述轴承组件相接触的保持架，所述保持架包括能够与所述壳体相接合的定位装置； 
其中所述保持架能够运动至预定位置以保持所述轴承组件。 
2.如权利要求1所述的轴承布置结构，其中所述保持架能够运动至预定位置，其中预负载施加到所述轴承组件。 
3.如权利要求1所述的轴承布置结构，其中所述保持架能够运动至预定位置，其中间隙施加到所述轴承组件。 
4.如权利要求1、2或3所述的轴承布置结构，其中所述轴承组件在旋转部件和所述壳体之间定位在所述壳体中，所述保持架包括：能够与所述旋转部件相接合的密封装置，其中所述保持架能够与所述旋转部件形成密封。 
5.如权利要求4所述的轴承布置结构，其中所述保持架包括环形部分。 
6.如权利要求5所述的轴承布置结构，其中所述环形部分的外表面包括能够与所述壳体上的螺纹相接合的螺纹。 
7.如权利要求5或6所述的轴承布置结构，其中所述环形部分的内表面包括能够对所述旋转部件密封的密封部件。 
8.如权利要求1、2或3所述的轴承布置结构，其中所述壳体包括能够与所述保持架相接合的盖板。 
9.如权利要求1、2或3所述的轴承布置结构，其中所述壳体是变速箱壳体。 
10.如权利要求9所述的轴承布置结构，其中所述变速箱是风力涡轮机变速箱。 
11.一种变速箱，其包括如权利要求1、2或3所述的轴承布置结构。 
12.一种风力涡轮机，其包括如权利要求1、2或3所述的轴承布置结构。 
13.一种用于轴承组件的保持架，其中，所述轴承组件位于壳体中，所述保持架包括：能够与所述壳体相接合的定位装置，其中所述保持架能够运动至预定位置以保持所述轴承组件。 
14.如权利要求13所述的保持架，其中所述保持架能够运动至预定位置，其中预负载施加到所述轴承组件。 
15.如权利要求13所述的保持架，其中所述保持架能够运动至预定位置，其中间隙施加到所述轴承组件。 
16.如权利要求13、14或15所述的保持架，其中所述轴承组件在旋转部件和所述壳体之间定位在所述壳体中，所述保持架包括：能够与所述旋转部件相接合的密封装置，其中所述保持架能够与所述旋转部件形成密封。 
17.如权利要求16所述的保持架，其中所述保持架包括环形部分。 
18.如权利要求17所述的保持架，其中所述环形部分的外表面包括能够与所述壳体上的螺纹相接合的螺纹。 
19.如权利要求17或18所述的保持架，其中所述环形部分的内表面包括能够对所述旋转部件密封的密封部件。 
20.如权利要求13、14或15所述的保持架，其中所述壳体包括能够与所述保持架相接合的盖板。 
21.一种变速箱，其包括如权利要求13、14或15中任一项所述的用于轴承组件的保持架。 
22.一种风力涡轮机，其包括如权利要求13、14或15中任一项所述的用于轴承组件的保持架。 
23.一种用于轴承组件的保持架套件，其包括： 
保持架，其包括能够与轴承组件的壳体相接合的定位装置； 
其中，所述保持架能够运动至预定位置以保持所述轴承组件。 
24.如权利要求23所述的保持架套件，还包括盖板，其中所述盖板能够与所述壳体相接合。 
CN2013201786262U 2012-01-16 2013-01-16 轴承布置结构、保持架及其套件、变速箱和风力涡轮机 Expired - Fee Related CN203257903U (zh)

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