CN203232927U - Water injection magnesium battery - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a water injected magnesium cell. The cell includes a magnesium drum, catalysts, a steel shell, body paper, pulp layer paper, a carbon rod, absorbent paper, a support, a waterproof film, a water injection cap and the like. The water injected magnesium cell is not corroded when being stored under the condition of dry sealing and has good storage property. The water injected magnesium cell can be instantly used after being activated by water injection and is free from voltage lagging. A waterproof plastic film bends during water injection and resets after water injection, thus effectively preventing liquid and catalyst powder from overflowing via water injection holes. With period of validity being more than 20 years, the water injected magnesium cell is especially suitable to be stored for emergency relief.

Description

Water injection magnesium battery

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a water-filled magnesium battery.

Background technique

Compared with zinc alloy, magnesium alloy has lower electrode potential, smaller electrochemical equivalent, and better conductivity, so it is a more ideal battery anode material. However, because the electrochemical properties of magnesium alloys are too active, a series of negative effects will occur when they are used as battery anode materials (for example: voltage hysteresis, easy corrosion and perforation of the shell, etc.). In most electrolyte solutions, the magnesium alloy dissolves very quickly, producing a large amount of hydrogen gas, resulting in a decrease in the Faradaic efficiency of the anode. In addition, the presence of impurity elements in magnesium alloys accelerates the self-corrosion reaction rate of magnesium alloys, and forms a Mg(OH) ₂ passivation film with a certain thickness, which seriously inhibits the active dissolution of magnesium alloy anodes. Therefore, improving the utilization rate of magnesium alloy anode materials is a hot and difficult point in the current research on magnesium alloy batteries, and the key technology is to solve the contradictory relationship between the activation and passivation of magnesium alloy anodes.

Contents of the invention

The utility model provides a magnesium water-injected battery with reasonable structure, which not only has the electrochemical activity of magnesium but also has good storage performance.

A water-injected magnesium battery comprises a magnesium cylinder, a catalyst, a steel case, a bottom paper, a diaphragm paper, a carbon rod, a water-absorbing paper, a bracket, a water-proof plastic film and a water-injection cap.

The magnesium cylinder is the positive electrode of the battery, the bottom paper is set at the bottom of the magnesium cylinder, the inner surface of the magnesium cylinder is provided with a slurry layer paper (diaphragm paper without mercury), and the cavity of the magnesium cylinder is filled with catalyst. One end of the steel shell is open, and the magnesium sleeve is placed in the cavity of the steel shell. The main body of the carbon rod is inserted vertically into the catalyst, and one end of it protrudes out of the opening of the steel shell. Absorbent paper is covered on the surface of the catalyst, and the edge of the bracket is placed on the side wall of the magnesium cylinder. The bracket is a porous plastic sheet, and a fixed cover is also arranged on the bracket to prevent the absorbent paper from moving. The water injection cap includes several water injection through holes, and the edge of the water injection cap closely matches the inner wall of the opening of the steel shell, and forms an air chamber with the support. The water barrier film is covered on the lower surface of the water injection cap to seal the water injection through hole. The water injection membrane is made of elastic and strong material, such as plastic.

The water-injected magnesium battery of the utility model, the paper circle surrounded by the slurry layer paper is to form a catalyst chamber, which is isolated from the magnesium cylinder. Absorbent paper can be fast water-absorbing materials such as non-woven fabrics. When water is injected from the water injection hole, water can quickly pass through the absorbent paper and react with the catalyst to achieve the effect of rapid discharge. A stand resting on the magnesium cylinder prevents movement of the absorbent paper. The fixed sleeve provided on the bracket is sleeved outside a section of carbon rod located at the air chamber. The function of the water-repellent membrane is to prevent water from overflowing from the water injection hole during rapid water injection, and also to prevent the leakage of the powdered catalyst. The waterproof membrane is a soft sheet of plastic. When the water injector passes through the water injection hole, the waterproof membrane bends, and the water reaches the air chamber, passes through the bracket, and reaches the absorbent paper layer. In order to close the water injection hole after water injection, part of the water barrier membrane is fixed on the bottom surface of the fixed sleeve or the water injection cap.

The water-injected magnesium battery of the utility model does not corrode when stored under dry and sealed conditions, and has good storage performance. When the water injection is activated, it can be used immediately without voltage hysteresis. The water-proof plastic film bends during water injection, and the water-proof plastic film resets after the water injection is completed to prevent liquid and catalyst powder from overflowing from the water injection hole. The validity period of the water-injected magnesium battery can reach more than 20 years, which is especially suitable for emergency disaster relief reserves.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the utility model water injection magnesium battery structural representation;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the water injection of the water injection cap of the water injection magnesium battery of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1. The utility model water injection magnesium battery, the positive electrode of the battery is a magnesium cylinder 1, the bottom paper 6 is arranged on the bottom inner surface of the magnesium cylinder 1, the inner surface of the magnesium cylinder 1 is provided with a slurry layer paper 7, and the cavity of the magnesium cylinder is filled with a catalyst 3, and the catalyst 3 It is one or more selected from magnesium chloride, magnesium nitrate, activated electrolytic manganese dioxide, water-absorbing resin, activated carbon and sodium chloride. One end of the steel shell 2 has an opening 21, and a magnesium cylinder is set in the cavity of the steel shell 2. The main body of the carbon rod 4 is vertically inserted into the catalyst, and one end thereof protrudes out of the opening 21 of the steel shell. The absorbent paper 5 covers the surface of the catalyst 3, and the edge of the support 8 is placed on the side wall of the magnesium cylinder 1. The support 8 is a porous plastic sheet, on which a fixed sleeve 81 is also provided to prevent the absorbent paper 5 from moving. The water injection cap 9 includes several water injection through holes 91 , and the edge of the water injection cap 9 closely fits with the inner wall of the opening 21 of the steel shell, and an air chamber 22 is formed between the bracket 8 . The water barrier film 92 covers the bottom surface of the water injection cap 9 to close the water injection through hole 91 . Part of the water-proof membrane 92 is fixed on the bottom surface of the fixed cover 81 or the water injection cap 9 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , when injecting water, one end of the water injector 10 pushes the water barrier membrane 92 through the water injection through hole 91 , and the water barrier membrane 92 elastically deforms under force and bends downward to inject water into the air chamber 22 . After water injection, the external force disappears, and the water barrier membrane 92 seals the water injection through hole 91 again.

Claims (4)

1. A water-injected magnesium battery is characterized in that it comprises a magnesium cylinder, a catalyzer, a steel shell, a base paper, a diaphragm paper, a carbon rod, a water-absorbing paper, a support, a water-proof plastic film and a water injection cap; wherein the base paper is provided with At the bottom of the magnesium cylinder, pulp paper is provided on the inner surface of the magnesium cylinder, and the catalyst is filled in the cavity of the magnesium cylinder; one end of the steel shell is open, and the magnesium cylinder is placed in the In the cavity of the steel shell; the main body of the carbon rod is vertically inserted into the catalyst, and one end thereof protrudes from the opening of the steel shell; the absorbent paper is covered on the surface of the catalyst, and the support The edge of the water injection cap is mounted on the side wall of the magnesium cylinder; the water injection cap includes a number of water injection through holes, and the edge of the water injection cap is closely matched with the inner wall of the opening of the steel shell, and forms an air chamber with the bracket; The water-separating membrane is covered on the lower bottom surface of the water injection cap. 2. The water-filled magnesium battery according to claim 1, characterized in that a part of the water-separating membrane is fixed on the lower bottom surface of the water-filling cap. 3. The water-filled magnesium battery according to claim 1, characterized in that said bracket is provided with a fixing sleeve. 4. The water-filled magnesium battery according to claim 1, characterized in that a part of the water-separating membrane is fixed to the fixing sleeve.

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