CN203212978U - Snowmelt deicing pavement employing piezoelectric self-generating electricity - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a piezoelectric self-generating snow-melting and deicing pavement, which comprises a base layer, a lower layer, a middle layer and an upper layer arranged sequentially from bottom to top, and the upper layer is made of conductive asphalt concrete and embedded in the conductive asphalt concrete. The positive electrode and the negative electrode are composed of a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and a piezoelectric heating layer is arranged between the middle surface layer and the upper layer. The electric energy transformed by the transducer is collected and used for heating the heating resistance wire, the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The battery is connected to the heating resistance wire, the positive electrode and the negative electrode through the temperature control switch. The utility model has simple structure and reasonable design, can automatically complete snow melting and ice melting without manual control, has high intelligence, is environmentally friendly and economical, has good snow melting effect, does not affect normal traffic order, and has a wide application range.

Description

A Piezoelectric Self-Generating Snow-melting and Icing Pavement

technical field

The utility model relates to a snow-melting and ice-melting road surface, in particular to a snow-melting and ice-melting road surface with piezoelectric self-generation.

Background technique

Transportation is the main artery of the national economy and plays an inestimable role in the development of the entire national economy. But the safety problem of the road, especially the problem of snowfall and icing on the road pavement, has become one of the difficult problems that road workers need to focus on solving.

At present, there are mainly two types of methods for removing ice and snow in winter, mechanical removal method and melting method. The mechanical method is suitable for large-scale mechanized clearing operations, but it often needs to be completed after snow, which hinders traffic during the operation; after the road surface is icy, it is difficult to completely remove it; ice and snow removal machinery is greatly affected by the season, and the utilization rate is low. Ablation methods include chemical ablation and thermal fusion.

The chemical snow melting method mainly relies on chemical melting agents. This method has a wide range of sources of materials, is cheap, has a good effect of melting ice and snow, and can play an anti-slip effect. It was once widely used. Chemical snowmelt needs to be cleaned up later, which seriously pollutes the environment and often causes serious water pollution. In addition, the steel bars, road surfaces, and transportation tools are severely corroded, and huge costs are required to repair roads and bridges, resulting in huge economic losses. At present, many countries and regions have begun to ban chemical snow melting methods, and advocate the use of mechanical snow removal methods on regular road sections. In important road sections, such as airport runways, bridges, tunnel entrances, highway toll gates, curves, slopes, parking lots and other special sections, it is recommended to use automatic thermal control snow melting. Make the thermal snow-melting and ice-melting technology face new opportunities.

The thermal melting method uses heating to melt ice and snow, mainly including cable heating, conductive concrete or asphalt, and circulating hot fluid methods. The former directly consumes electricity, and the energy utilization rate limit is 1:1, which requires strong power resources as a backing; the latter uses thermal fluid circulation conversion equipment (such as heat pumps), which can achieve an energy conversion efficiency of more than 1:4, but requires complex installation Pipeline, the cost is higher. Through the effective use of renewable energy such as ground energy and solar energy, as well as the use of seasonal energy storage, higher energy utilization rates can be achieved, but these also face the problems of use conditions and regional restrictions, complex processes, and poor economics.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a piezoelectric self-generating snow-melting and ice-melting pavement, which has a simple structure and a reasonable design, and can automatically complete snow-melting and ice-melting without manual manipulation. It has a high degree of modernization, is environmentally friendly and economical, has a good snow melting effect, does not affect the normal traffic order, and has a wide range of applications.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a snow-melting and ice-melting pavement with piezoelectric self-generation, including a base layer, a lower layer, a middle layer and an upper layer arranged sequentially from bottom to top, and is characterized in that : the upper layer is made of conductive asphalt concrete and positive electrodes and negative electrodes embedded in the conductive asphalt concrete, a piezoelectric heating layer is arranged between the middle surface layer and the upper layer, and a piezoelectric heating layer is embedded in the piezoelectric heating layer The heating resistance wire and the piezoelectric stack transducer used to convert the mechanical energy of the driving load into electrical energy, and the electric energy converted by the piezoelectric stack transducer is collected for heating of the heating resistance wire, positive electrode and negative electrode The storage battery used, the piezoelectric stack transducer is connected to the storage battery through a bridge rectifier circuit and a filter voltage stabilization circuit connected in sequence, and the storage battery is connected to the heating resistance wire and the positive electrode through a temperature control switch connected to the negative electrode.

The above-mentioned piezoelectric self-generating snow-melting and ice-melting pavement is characterized in that a heat insulating layer is arranged between the middle surface layer and the piezoelectric heating layer.

The aforementioned piezoelectric self-generating snow-melting and ice-melting road surface is characterized in that: the number of the piezoelectric stack transducers is multiple and evenly arranged at the position of the wheel tracks of the snow-melting and ice-melting road surface. The piezoelectric stack transducers are connected in series with the bridge rectifier circuit.

The aforementioned piezoelectric self-generating snow-melting and ice-melting pavement is characterized in that: the number of the positive electrodes and the number of the negative electrodes are equal and multiple, and the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes intersect each other and are arranged at the The inner side of the wheel track belt on the snowmelt and ice road surface.

The aforementioned piezoelectric self-generating snow-melting and deicing road surface is characterized in that: the number of the heating resistance wires is multiple, and they are arranged inside the wheel tracks of the snow-melting and deicing road surface.

The aforementioned piezoelectric self-generating snow-melting and ice-melting pavement is characterized in that: the piezoelectric stack transducer is composed of a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets bonded together by conductive glue, and the plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets are The positive poles of the ceramic sheets face each other and are electrically connected and drawn out through positive lead wires, and the negative electrodes of the plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets face each other and are electrically connected and drawn out through negative lead wires.

The aforementioned piezoelectric self-generating snow-melting and ice-melting pavement is characterized in that the piezoelectric ceramic sheet is a PZT-5H piezoelectric ceramic sheet.

The aforementioned piezoelectric self-generating snow-melting and ice-melting pavement is characterized in that: the temperature control switch is a bimetal temperature control switch.

The aforementioned piezoelectric self-generating snow-melting and ice-melting pavement is characterized in that: the bimetal temperature control switch includes a cavity, a first metal sheet and a second metal sheet arranged inside the cavity, and symmetrically fixed on The first fixed end and the second fixed end at both ends of the cavity, one end of the first metal sheet is fixedly connected to the first fixed end, and the lower part of the other end of the first metal sheet is fixedly connected to the first movable contact One end of the second metal sheet is fixedly connected to the second fixed end, and the upper part of the other end of the second metal sheet is fixedly connected to a second movable contact matched with the first movable contact.

The aforementioned piezoelectric self-generating snow-melting and ice-melting pavement is characterized in that the thickness of the piezoelectric heating layer is 15 mm to 25 mm.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

1. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design and convenient realization.

2. The temperature control switch adopted in the utility model can meet the needs of the automation work of the utility model. It can automatically complete snow melting and ice melting without manual manipulation. The degree of intelligence is high, and the effect of snow melting and ice melting has also been greatly improved.

3. The utility model first converts the mechanical energy of the driving load into electrical energy through the piezoelectric stack transducer, stores it through the battery, and uses it as the energy source for the heating resistance wire, the positive electrode and the negative electrode, without external power supply. The completion of snow melting and ice melting is environmentally friendly and economical, and overcomes the problem of power shortage in remote areas.

4. The positive electrode and the negative electrode of the utility model are intersected and arranged on the inner side of the wheel track belt of the snow-melting and ice-melting road surface. Since the main way to improve the heating power of conductive asphalt concrete is to reduce the electrode spacing and increase the voltage, and the battery output The voltage is constant, therefore, if the positive electrode and the negative electrode are buried alternately, the distance between the positive electrode and the negative electrode will not increase unnecessarily, so that the working efficiency is better and the heating is uniform.

5. The utility model can melt snow and ice in time when the road surface is frozen. The conductive asphalt concrete on the upper layer can keep the whole surface layer at a certain temperature. Low-temperature cracking disease occurs, and because the piezoelectric heating layer is buried under the upper layer, it will not affect the normal traffic order while melting snow and ice.

6. The utility model has strong practicability and good use effect, and can be widely used for melting snow and ice on cement concrete and asphalt concrete road surfaces, applicable to various roads and urban roads, and has good benefits and application prospects.

To sum up, the utility model has a simple structure and a reasonable design, and can automatically melt snow and ice without manual manipulation.

The technical solutions of the present utility model will be further described in detail through the drawings and embodiments below.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the embedding position of the piezoelectric stack transducer and the heating resistance wire in the piezoelectric heating layer of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a circuit principle block diagram of the utility model.

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the piezoelectric stack transducer of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the temperature control switch of the present invention.

Explanation of reference signs:

1—the base layer; 2—the lower layer; 3—the middle layer;

4—heat insulation layer; 5—piezoelectric heating layer; 6—upper layer;

7—heating resistance wire; 8—piezoelectric stack transducer; 8-1—piezoelectric ceramic sheet;

8-2—Positive wire; 8-3—Negative wire; 9—Battery;

10—Bridge rectifier circuit; 11—Filter voltage regulator circuit; 12—Temperature control switch;

12-1—cavity; 12-2—first metal sheet; 12-3—second metal sheet;

12-4—the first fixed end; 12-5—the second fixed end; 12-6—the first moving contact;

12-7—second moving contact; 13-1—positive electrode; 13-2—negative electrode.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the utility model includes a base layer 1, a lower layer 2, a middle layer 3 and an upper layer 6 arranged from bottom to top in sequence, and the upper layer 6 is made of conductive asphalt concrete and embedded in conductive asphalt. A positive electrode 13-1 and a negative electrode 13-2 in concrete, a piezoelectric heating layer 5 is arranged between the middle surface layer 3 and the upper layer 6, and a heating resistance wire 7 is buried in the piezoelectric heating layer 5 And the piezoelectric stack transducer 8 for converting the mechanical energy of the driving load into electric energy, and for collecting the electric energy converted by the piezoelectric stack transducer 8 for heating resistance wire 7, positive electrode 13-1 and The battery 9 used for heating by the negative electrode 13-2, the piezoelectric stack transducer 8 is connected to the battery 9 through a bridge rectifier circuit 10 and a filter voltage stabilization circuit 11 connected in sequence, and the battery 9 passes through The temperature control switch 12 is connected with the heating resistance wire 7, the positive electrode 13-1 and the negative electrode 13-2.

As shown in FIG. 1 , in this embodiment, a heat insulating layer 4 is provided between the middle surface layer 3 and the piezoelectric heating layer 5 to prevent the heat generated by the piezoelectric heating layer 5 from being dissipated. In practice, the heat insulation layer 4 can be made of carbon fiber felt with high heat insulation performance, and bonded with the piezoelectric heating layer 5 and the middle surface layer 3 with high-viscosity asphalt.

As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, in this embodiment, the number of the piezoelectric stack transducers 8 is multiple and evenly arranged at the position of the wheel tracks on the snow-melting and ice-melting road surface. The piezoelectric stack transducer 8 is connected in series with the bridge rectifier circuit 10 . The number of the positive electrodes 13-1 and the number of the negative electrodes 13-2 are equal and multiple, and the positive electrodes 13-1 and the negative electrodes 13-2 are intersected and arranged on the snow-melting and ice-melting road surface. The inner side of the wheel track strip. There are multiple heating resistance wires 7 and they are laid on the inner side of the wheel tracks on the snow-melting and ice-melting road surface. The above arrangement can maximize the efficiency of energy conversion, collection and heating. During specific implementation, the embedding method of the heating resistance wire 7 and the piezoelectric stack transducer 8 in the piezoelectric heating layer 5 is: first connect the heating resistance wire 7 and the piezoelectric stack transducer 8 according to a predetermined method, Then it is laid on the heat insulation layer 4 and located at the position of the wheel tracks, and finally the piezoelectric heating layer 5 is paved and rolled.

As shown in Figure 4, in this embodiment, the piezoelectric stack transducer 8 is composed of multiple piezoelectric ceramic sheets 8-1 bonded together by conductive glue, and the multiple piezoelectric ceramic sheets 8 The positive poles of -1 are opposite to each other and electrically connected and drawn out through the positive lead wire 8-2, and the negative poles of the plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets 8-1 are opposite to each other and electrically connected and drawn out through the negative lead wire 8-3. Specifically, the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 8-1 is a PZT-5H piezoelectric ceramic sheet. In order to improve the strength of the piezoelectric stack transducer 8, it can be packaged with epoxy resin first, and then buried.

As shown in FIG. 5 , in this embodiment, the temperature control switch 12 is a bimetal temperature control switch. The bimetal temperature control switch includes a cavity 12-1, a first metal sheet 12-2 and a second metal sheet 12-3 arranged inside the cavity 12-1, and first metal sheets symmetrically fixed at both ends of the cavity. A fixed end 12-4 and a second fixed end 12-5, one end of the first metal sheet 12-2 is fixedly connected to the first fixed end 12-4, and the other end of the first metal sheet 12-2 The lower part is fixedly connected with the first movable contact 12-6, one end of the second metal sheet 12-3 is fixedly connected with the second fixed end 12-5, and the other end of the second metal sheet 12-3 is A second movable contact 12-7 matched with the first movable contact 12-6 is fixedly connected. During specific implementation, the cavity 12-1 is made of a metal material with good thermal conductivity, and its strength is greater than the pressure generated by the driving load; the cavity 12-1 is connected to the first metal sheet 12-2 and the second metal sheet 12- 3, a certain gap is left between them to prevent the first metal sheet 12-2 and the second metal sheet 12-3 from contacting the cavity 12-1 to communicate with the circuit; the first movable contact 12-6 and the second movable contact The gap between the points 12-7 depends on the degree of temperature variation of the first metal sheet 12-2 and the second metal sheet 12-3, and the first movable contact 12-6 and the Requirements that the second movable contact 12-7 can be in contact; properly select the materials of the first metal sheet 12-2 and the second metal sheet 12-3 and adjust the first metal sheet 12-2 and the second metal sheet 12- The gap between 3 can meet the needs of different working temperatures. The working principle of the bimetallic strip temperature control switch is the principle of thermal expansion and contraction of objects. Specifically, both sides of the first metal strip 12-2 and the second metal strip 12-3 are conductors of different materials, and in the changing Due to the different degrees of expansion and contraction under the temperature, the first metal sheet 12-2 and the second metal sheet 12-3 are bent, so that the first movable contact 12-6 touches the second movable contact 12-7, so that the heating resistor Wire 7 communicates with storage battery 9, and the circuit starts to work.

In this embodiment, the thickness of the piezoelectric heating layer 5 is 15mm-25mm. During specific implementation, the piezoelectric heating layer 5 can be composed of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, pitch, thermally conductive filler and mineral powder, and the thermally conductive filler can be selected from one of carbon black, graphite powder and carbon fiber or a mixture of several. The thermally conductive filler can greatly improve the thermal conductivity of the piezoelectric heating layer 5 .

The working principle and working process of the utility model are: the longitudinal pressure on the snow-melting and ice-melting road surface is transmitted to the piezoelectric stack transducer 8 through the upper layer 6 during the running of the car, and the pressure of the piezoelectric stack transducer 8 is formed. The electric ceramic sheet 8-1 is deformed under force to generate alternating current, and the bridge rectifier circuit 10 rectifies the alternating current output by the piezoelectric stack transducer 8 into direct current and stores it in the In the storage battery 9, the temperature control switch 12 is used to control the initial working temperature of the heating resistance wire 7. When the temperature drops to a certain temperature value, the temperature control switch 12 is closed, the heating resistance wire 7 is connected to the battery 9, and the heating resistance wire 7 start working to achieve the purpose of melting snow and ice. The heat insulation layer 4 is used to prevent the heat generated by the heating resistance wire 7 from dissipating downward, so as to improve the efficiency of melting snow and ice.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present utility model still belong to Within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A piezoelectric self-generating snow-melting and ice-melting pavement, comprising a base layer (1), a lower layer (2), a middle layer (3) and an upper layer (6) arranged sequentially from bottom to top, characterized in that: The upper layer (6) is composed of conductive asphalt concrete and the positive electrode (13-1) and negative electrode (13-2) buried in the conductive asphalt concrete, the middle surface layer (3) and the upper layer (6) A piezoelectric heating layer (5) is arranged between them, and a heating resistance wire (7) and a piezoelectric stack transducer (8) for converting the mechanical energy of the driving load into electrical energy are embedded in the piezoelectric heating layer (5). ), and the storage battery ( 9), the piezoelectric stack transducer (8) is connected to the battery (9) through a bridge rectifier circuit (10) and a filter voltage stabilization circuit (11) connected in sequence, and the battery (9) ) is connected to the heating resistance wire (7), the positive electrode (13-1) and the negative electrode (13-2) through a temperature control switch (12). 2. A piezoelectric self-generating snow-melting and ice-melting pavement according to claim 1, characterized in that: a heat insulation layer is provided between the middle surface layer (3) and the piezoelectric heating layer (5) (4). 3. According to claim 1 or 2, a piezoelectric self-generating snow-melting and ice-melting pavement, characterized in that: the number of the piezoelectric stack transducers (8) is multiple and evenly arranged on the At the position of the wheel tracks on the snow-melting and ice-melting road surface, a plurality of piezoelectric stack transducers (8) are connected in series with the bridge rectifier circuit (10). 4. A piezoelectric self-generating snow-melting and deicing road surface according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the number of the positive electrodes (13-1) and the number of the negative electrodes (13-2) Equal and multiple, the positive electrodes (13-1) and negative electrodes (13-2) intersect each other and are arranged on the inner side of the wheel tracks on the snow-melting and ice-melting road surface. 5. A piezoelectric self-generating snow-melting and ice-melting road surface according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the number of the heating resistance wires (7) is multiple and arranged on the snow-melting and ice-melting road surface The inner side of the wheel track strip. 6. A piezoelectric self-generating snow-melting and ice-melting pavement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the piezoelectric stack transducer (8) is composed of multiple sheets bonded together by conductive glue Composed of piezoelectric ceramic sheets (8-1), the positive poles of the multiple piezoelectric ceramic sheets (8-1) are opposite and electrically connected and drawn out through positive electrode wires (8-2), and the multiple piezoelectric ceramic sheets ( The negative poles of 8-1) are opposite and electrically connected and led out through the negative pole wire (8-3). 7. The piezoelectric self-generating snow-melting and ice-melting pavement according to claim 6, characterized in that: the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (8-1) is a PZT-5H piezoelectric ceramic sheet. 8. The snow-melting and ice-melting pavement with piezoelectric self-power generation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the temperature control switch (12) is a bimetal temperature control switch. 9. A snow-melting and ice-melting pavement with piezoelectric self-power generation according to claim 8, characterized in that: the bimetal temperature control switch includes a cavity (12-1), which is arranged in the cavity (12-1 ) inside the first metal sheet (12-2) and second metal sheet (12-3), and the first fixed end (12-4) and the second fixed end (12-5) symmetrically fixed at both ends of the cavity , one end of the first metal sheet (12-2) is fixedly connected to the first fixed end (12-4), and the lower part of the other end of the first metal sheet (12-2) is fixedly connected with a first movable A contact (12-6), one end of the second metal sheet (12-3) is fixedly connected to the second fixed end (12-5), and the other end of the second metal sheet (12-3) The upper part is fixedly connected with a second movable contact (12-7) matched with the first movable contact (12-6). 10. The piezoelectric self-generating snow-melting and ice-melting pavement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the piezoelectric heating layer (5) has a thickness of 15mm-25mm.

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