CN203144239U - Organic wastewater treatment system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a system for treating organic waste water. The system includes a sedimentation pond, an anaerobic pond, a composite tower ecological filter, an aquatic plant pond and a biogas reactor. A water outlet, the water outlet is connected to the anaerobic tank and the composite tower ecological filter in sequence through pipelines; at the same time, the sedimentation tank is connected to the biogas reactor through pipelines. The utility model utilizes the joint effect of the composite tower type ecological filter pool and the anaerobic pool to improve the economy of the system, increase the energy output rate of the bioreactor, and realize the ecological, low-cost and sustainable sewage treatment process.

Description

A system for treating organic wastewater

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of environmental protection, in particular to a system for treating organic waste water. the

Background technique

With the rapid development of economy in rural areas of our country and the transformation of production and lifestyle, the pollution caused by the random discharge of domestic sewage and livestock and poultry breeding wastewater is showing a trend of increasing. At present, rural domestic sewage and aquaculture wastewater have become an important reason for the pollution of rivers entering the lake and the eutrophication of lakes. Therefore, in order to strengthen the protection of water resources, improve the rural ecological environment, and improve the quality of life of farmers, it is imperative to develop sewage treatment technologies and processes suitable for my country's rural characteristics.

As an improvement and enhancement of the tower-type earthworm ecological filter, the compound ecological filter is composed of a high-level water distribution tank and a one-stage or multi-stage ecological trickling filter. The surface layer of the trickling filter is a land infiltration system, and the lower layer is a biological filter. It is made of biological fillers with different particle sizes, and an ecological sewage treatment system with microorganisms, plants, animals, fillers, etc. Nitrification and denitrification, low phosphorus removal rate and other key technical problems that ordinary filters cannot solve, the effluent water quality meets the standard.

Anaerobic fermentation is the stabilization of waste by the metabolic activity of microorganisms under anaerobic conditions, accompanied by methane and _CO2 production. In the liquefaction stage, fermentative bacteria mainly work, including cellulolytic bacteria and proteolytic bacteria. As long as acetic acid bacteria work in the acid-producing stage, the methanogenic stage is mainly composed of methane bacteria. They degrade the products produced in the acid-producing stage into methane and CO. ₂ Simultaneously using the hydrogen produced in the acidogenic stage to reduce _CO2 to methane.

The technical core of the ecological toilet developed by the Japan Science and Technology Promotion Agency is to use the principle of anaerobic microbial fermentation, instead of using water as a medium for transporting feces, and to use sawdust with good porosity, water absorption and drainage as a breeding place for microorganisms. Artificially enhanced composting in the container. Ecological toilets control temperature, humidity and other conditions to make aerobic microorganisms multiply rapidly in the unique environment mixed with sawdust, and accelerate the decomposition of organic matter. The products can be used as organic fertilizers and soil improvers.

Composite tower ecological filter and anaerobic fermentation process have been well applied in the disposal of actual pollutants, but in order to meet the actual application needs, it is necessary to improve the comprehensive treatment capacity, reduce the treatment cost and maximize the Carry out research on the realization of resource utilization.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a system for combined treatment of domestic sewage and other organic waste water by using a composite tower ecological filter tank and anaerobic microbial fermentation. The system can improve the purification degree of sewage, increase the energy output rate of the bioreactor, and realize ecological, low-cost and sustainable sewage treatment process.

The utility model discloses a system for treating organic waste water, which comprises a sedimentation pond, an anaerobic pond, a composite tower type ecological filter, an aquatic plant pond and a biogas reactor. The sedimentation pond is provided with a water outlet, and the outlet The water outlet is connected to the anaerobic tank and the compound tower ecological filter in sequence through pipelines; at the same time, the sedimentation tank is connected to the biogas reactor through pipelines.

In the utility model, the anaerobic tank is selected from one or more of fully mixed anaerobic reactors, two-phase anaerobic reactors or plug-flow anaerobic reactors.

In the utility model, the composite tower-type ecological filter is composed of a high-level water distribution tank and a one-stage or multi-stage ecological trickling filter. The surface of the trickling filter is a land infiltration system, and the lower layer is a biological filter. The biological filler is graded.

The process flow adopted by the system for processing organic wastewater in the utility model is as follows: first, the organic wastewater is separated from solid and liquid, and the separated wastewater is pretreated through an anaerobic pool, and then passed through the multi-stage "anaerobic" of the composite tower ecological filter. Oxygen + aerobic" for treatment, and finally the effluent is discharged into the aquatic plant pond for further advanced treatment, and the effluent can meet the first-class A standard of urban sewage discharge; the separated solid and organic solid waste are mixed anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas (a gas whose main combustible components are methane and hydrogen).

Among them, the organic wastewater can be one or more of rural domestic sewage, livestock and poultry breeding wastewater and food processing wastewater. Organic solid waste is one or more selected from straw, meal waste, activated sludge or manure.

When performing mixed anaerobic fermentation, the anaerobic microbial treatment equipment can use one or more of full-mix anaerobic reactors, two-phase anaerobic reactors or plug-flow anaerobic reactors.

Specifically, the sewage with high suspended solid content is first discharged into the sedimentation tank for solid-liquid separation, and the supernatant of the sedimentation tank is pumped into the anaerobic treatment tank. After the action of anaerobic microorganisms, the effluent enters the composite tower ecological filter. Most of the target pollutants such as COD, TN and TP are removed through the synergistic effect of plants and microorganisms in the filter bed. The hydraulic retention time of sewage in the filter is 2 to 4 hours, and the hydraulic load is controlled at about 1m ³ /(m ² .d). The removal rates of COD, NH ₄ ⁺ -N, TN and TP are over 80%, 85%, 71% and 83% respectively. The effluent of the composite tower ecological filter enters the aquatic plant pond, and the remaining nitrogen and phosphorus in the water are further removed through the action of plants. The hydraulic retention time of the sewage in the treatment unit can be adjusted according to the influent concentration, ambient temperature, plant species and treatment unit type. In general, the treatment time of wastewater in aquatic plant ponds is 2 to 12 days. While strengthening the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus, the aquatic plant pond can also provide raw materials for the biogas reactor. The sediment settled in the aquatic plant pond and the sedimentation tank, as well as the straw or meal waste, etc. are mixed according to the ratio of C/N ratio of 20~30:1. After mixing evenly, they can be piled outside the reactor for 5~7 days. Retting treatment can also be directly sent to the biogas reactor. In the case of fully mixed reactors, the TS concentration of the reaction feed liquid is controlled to be 6%~15%, and the reactor is carried out by intermittent feeding, and the feeding interval is 10~15 days, and the raw materials are transformed by the action of anaerobic microorganisms It is biogas with methane and hydrogen as the main combustible components. The generated biogas can be directly used as fuel or further converted into heat or electricity for utilization, and the residue discharged from the biogas reactor can be used as organic fertilizer directly or after processing. A variety of raw materials with different properties are put together for mixed anaerobic fermentation, which can balance nutrition, reduce inhibitors and produce synergistic effects among reaction products, so it can improve the energy output rate of raw materials in the fermentation process, especially the sedimentation of sewage Fermentation of easily biodegradable materials such as feces and sludge under the environment and non-biodegradable materials such as straw and aquatic plants can significantly increase the biodegradation rate of the latter, thereby increasing the energy output of the system.

The organic wastewater treatment system involved in the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

The combined use of "composite tower ecological filter + anaerobic microorganisms" makes the organic combination of sewage treatment technology and bioenergy utilization technology, while strengthening sewage treatment, it also produces clean energy and improves the economy of the system;

②Using the whole system, using biological treatment methods, through the division of labor and complementary advantages of plants and microorganisms (anaerobic bacteria), the sewage treatment process can achieve "ecological, low-cost and sustainable";

③ When this system is used, several raw materials with different components and different degradation characteristics can be mixed for anaerobic fermentation, thereby improving the biodegradation rate of lignocellulosic raw materials, enhancing the nutritional balance of the anaerobic biological treatment system, and achieving improved bioreactor efficiency. for energy yield purposes.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system for treating organic wastewater of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a process flow diagram of the combined treatment of organic wastewater of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Example 1

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is described in further detail.

The system for treating organic waste water adopted in the utility model includes a sedimentation pond, an anaerobic pond, a compound tower type ecological filter pond, an aquatic plant pond and a bioreactor. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for treating organic wastewater. It includes a sedimentation tank, an anaerobic tank, a composite tower ecological filter, an aquatic plant pond and a biogas reactor. The sedimentation tank is provided with a water outlet, and the water outlet is connected to the anaerobic tank and the composite tower ecological filter in turn through pipelines; At the same time, the sedimentation tank is connected to the biogas reactor through pipelines.

Fig. 2 is the process flow chart of utilizing system to process organic waste water in the utility model, and concrete example is as follows:

All kinds of sewage discharged from toilets, kitchens and laundry places are collected by pipelines and discharged into sedimentation tanks for solid-liquid separation. The separated sewage is pumped into anaerobic tanks, and then treated through composite tower ecological filters. After treatment, more than 75% COD and N, more than 75% of P are removed. The effluent from the filter enters the aquatic plant pond (water hyacinth) for further treatment. The hydraulic retention time of the wastewater in the aquatic plant pond should be greater than 10 days, and the water temperature should not be lower than 10°C. After treatment, the removal rate of TN and TP can reach more than 90%. The COD removal rate is greater than 92%, and the emission reaches the standard. The solids collected from the sedimentation tank are mixed with water hyacinth and corn stalks at a ratio of 1:3:6 (mass ratio, C/N is 25:1) and put into the fully mixed biogas reactor for anaerobic biological treatment. A certain amount of NH ₄ HCO ₃ is used to increase the alkalinity of the fermentation feed liquid. When the fermentation temperature is controlled at 35°C and the feeding interval is 15 days, the gas production rate of raw materials can reach up to 390L/kgTS, and the biogas methane content is About 60%, the volumetric gas production rate of the reactor is greater than 0.7m ³ /m ³ .d. After purification such as desulfurization and dehydration, the produced biogas can be directly used as fuel or further converted into electrical energy for utilization. The residue produced after fermentation can be returned to the farmland as organic fertilizer directly or after further processing.

Through the recycling of waste, the process achieves the multiple goals of improving environmental quality, obtaining bioenergy and promoting the development of ecological agriculture.

Claims (4)

1. system that handles organic waste water, it is characterized in that: this system comprises settling tank, anaerobic pond, compound tower ecological filter, the waterplant pool and biogas reactor; Described settling tank is provided with water outlet, and described water outlet is connected with anaerobic pond, compound tower ecological filter successively by pipeline; Described settling tank links to each other with the biogas reactor by pipeline simultaneously.

2. the system of processing organic waste water according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described compound tower ecological filter, formed by high-order distributing trough and one or more levels ecological trickling filter, the trickling filter top layer is the land percolation system, lower floor is the biological filter, and the biologic packing material grating by different-grain diameter forms.

3. the system of processing organic waste water according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described anaerobic pond is selected from one or more in full mixed anaerobic reaction device, two-phase anaerobic reactor or the pulling flow type anaerobic reactor.

4. the system of processing organic waste water according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described organic waste water is selected from domestic sewage in rural areas by using, one or more in livestock breeding wastewater and the food processing wastewater.

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