CN203123239U - Positive and negative pressure breathing machine - Google Patents
Positive and negative pressure breathing machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN203123239U CN203123239U CN 201320171059 CN201320171059U CN203123239U CN 203123239 U CN203123239 U CN 203123239U CN 201320171059 CN201320171059 CN 201320171059 CN 201320171059 U CN201320171059 U CN 201320171059U CN 203123239 U CN203123239 U CN 203123239U
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- negative pressure
- ventilation
- pnpb
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- malleation
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- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a positive and negative pressure breathing machine which comprises a positive pressure providing device, a negative pressure providing device and a control device. The positive pressure providing device is connected to a facial breathing device through a positive pressure air pipe; the negative pressure providing device is connected to a thoracic and abdominal breathing device through a negative pressure air pipe; and the control device is provided with an operating interface and an input and output port which are respectively electrically connected with the positive pressure providing device and the negative pressure providing device. The positive and negative pressure breathing machine has the advantages of enabling a positive pressure ventilation technology to be combined with a negative pressure ventilation technology to enable a positive pressure ventilation machine and a negative pressure ventilation machine to cooperatively work through different ventilation modes to enable the ventilation efficiency to be significantly improved, overcoming the defects that the ventilation efficiency of the positive pressure ventilation technology is not guaranteed, the too high pressure is not easy to tolerate and the like, achieving the ventilation efficiency of invasive positive pressure ventilation without endotracheal intubation or tracheostomy, overcoming the defects that negative pressure ventilation is easy to cause upper airway stenosis and a simple cuirass negative pressure ventilation machine is low in ventilation efficiency and being wide in clinical application value.
Description
Technical field
This utility model relates to a kind of respirator, particularly relates to a kind of novel PNPB machine.
Background technology
Respirator is that a kind of normal physiological that can replace, control or change the people is breathed, and increases pulmonary ventilation volume, improves respiratory function, alleviates work of breathing consumption, saves the device of heart reservation ability.At present, respirator has become the most frequently used and indispensable first aid and life support equipment clinically, and it is used in first aid, anesthesia, ICU and respiratory therapy field just more and more widely.
Respirator has experienced from the negative pressure ventilation to the positive airway pressure, has been vented to the development course of noinvasive ventilation from wound is arranged.The ripe effectively ventilating technology of using the earliest is the negative pressure ventilation technology.First respirator that nineteen twenty-eight comes out---the principle of " Drinker respirator " imitation negative pressure breathing designs, its principle is that patient is placed in the sealing ferrum case, and only head is exposed to outside the case, by connecting Negative pressure machine, apish respiratory, thus by intermittence negative pressure ventilate.The fifties in last century the poliomyelitis epidemic period, owing to the large-scale application of negative pressure breathing machines such as Drinker respirator makes thousands of poliomyelitis patient be saved life.But big owing to volume, heavy, use inconvenience, be difficult to patient is nursed and reason such as therapeutic effect difference, the negative pressure breathing machine was replaced by the positive airway pressure machine afterwards gradually.After this, respirator all changes towards the positive pressure respiration mode development, and global used respirator also almost is positive pressure respirator entirely so far.
Positive airway pressure includes wound positive airway pressure (respirator is connected to the patient by tracheal intubation) and two types of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (respirator is connected with the patient by face shield).It is effective treatment means of respiratory failure that wound (through tracheal intubation or incision) malleation mechanical ventilation is arranged, and has the wound positive pressure respirator to have advantages such as dexterity, automaticity height, ventilatory effect are good, but its shortcoming highly significant too.At first, it does not meet the negative pressure breathing under the nature physiological status, and brings many other complication, and as the intrathoracic malleation of respiratory, can influence returned blood volume and heartbeat output and reduce, concurrent windage, etc.Secondly, there is the wound positive airway pressure to need airtight air flue, implements tracheal intubation.This can bring fear and discomfort to the patient, influence language and feed, often need sedation anesthesia, thereby increase infection chance, particularly evident when long-time mechanical ventilation especially, cause such as a series of problems such as injury of throat, tracheal injury, tracheal stenosis and sinusitis and respirator dependency pneumonia.And the time length of the incidence rate of complication and invasive ventilation is closely related, and long-time mechanical ventilation often causes removing the machine difficulty, and treatment and the custody fee costliness of wound mechanical ventilation are arranged, and has limited it to a certain extent again and has applied.Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation refers to need not to set up the artificial airway, connects patient's positive airway pressure by methods such as nose (face) cover, nose pillow or interface units.Many studies show that in recent years, per nasal (face) cover positive airway pressure can partly replace having wound mechanical ventilation to treat various respiratory failures and obtain curative effect preferably.The ventilation patient can keep language, swallow and function such as cough, and patient has the wound ventilation comfortable, can avoid intubate or cut multiple complications due to the air flue, is to use at present and develop technology faster.At present, because the improvement of face shield quality, gas leakage compensation technique are used, ventilating mode improves, trigger sensitivity improves, and the improvement of technology such as shortening lag time of supplying gas after triggering, positive airway pressure has generally been used the sequential therapy after sleep apnea low syndrome, the light disease respiratory failures such as (COPD) of the resistive pneumonopathy of chronic resistance or off line.Because need not intubate, noninvasive positive pressure ventilation has the wound ventilation more easy for patients to accept, and the severe complication relevant with mechanical ventilation such as respirator associated pneumonia also reduces thereupon.Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation can make 20%-60% respiratory failure patient avoid tracheal intubation; avoided the relevant damage that brings with intubate; protected the defense function of air flue; reduced the incidence rate of pneumonia in the institute; can allow the patient to talk and take food; improved patient's comfort level greatly, reduced the use of tranquilizer, the time of having improved the success rate of ventilation therapy and having shortened ventilation therapy and being in hospital.In addition, ventilator operation is easy, and the long-term treatment of going home of patient's portability ventilator has reduced patient's complication rate and mortality rate, has reduced medical expenses.But, for the higher critically ill patient of ventilation requirement, there is not airtight artificial airway to be connected between respirator and the patient, can't provide effective airway management to critical patient, and, product is level pressure type respirator at present, per nasal/face shield positive airway pressure, because patient can not tolerate too high pressure of inspiration(Pi), tidal volume and minute ventilation volume difficulty reach clinical satisfaction, ventilation efficiency is difficult to guarantee, and can influence ventilatory effect because of the problem of nose/inward mask leakage, and too high supply gas pressure patient is difficult for tolerating, easily causes windage and airway secretions removing difficulty etc.
Along with the development of positive airway pressure, Drinker respirator negative pressure breathing machine is seldom used so far.The negative pressure ventilation machine that developed recently gets up, as cuirass formula and breast abdomen rain cape formula negative pressure breathing machines such as (jacket formulas), overcome the heaviness of early stage negative pressure ventilation machine, the shortcoming of using inconvenience and being difficult to nurse, aspects such as the treatment of the respiratory failure due to the neuromuscular illness and assistance off line obtain good result.The outer negative pressure assisted ventilation of cuirass also is applicable to COPD patient.But, because cuirass type ventilator produces the limitation of negative pressure, and reason such as airway obstruction, ventilatory effect is still not as conventional positive pressure respirator, and it is undesirable also to exist gas exchange to correct, and airway secretions is removed deficiencies such as difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is the defective at above-mentioned all kinds of respirators, and a kind of PNPB machine is provided, and the advantage of positive pressure respirator and negative pressure breathing machine is integrated to remedy separately deficiency.
A kind of PNPB machine described in the utility model comprises: the malleation generator is connected to facial breathing equipment by the malleation trachea; The negative pressure generator is connected to breast abdominal respiration device by the negative pressure trachea; And control device, have operation interface and input/output port, be electrically connected with malleation generator and negative pressure generator respectively.
According to the further feature of PNPB machine described in the utility model, described malleation trachea is coil or corrugated tube.
According to the further feature of PNPB machine described in the utility model, described facial breathing equipment is to be selected from: face shield, nose cup, nose pillow, interface unit.
According to the further feature of PNPB machine described in the utility model, described breast abdominal respiration device is to be selected from: cuirass, breast abdomen rain cape formula device, breast abdomen jacket formula device.
Further feature according to PNPB machine described in the utility model, by airflow direction air flow-producing device is housed in the described malleation generator, be connected to working interface by pipeline, at this pipeline suction solenoid valve, pressure transducer, flow transducer, flow uniform ring and flow element be installed.
According to the further feature of PNPB machine described in the utility model, described air flow-producing device is aerator or microvovtex turbine.
According to the further feature of PNPB machine described in the utility model, between described malleation generator and the malleation trachea biofilter is housed also.
According to the further feature of PNPB machine described in the utility model, between described malleation trachea and the facial breathing equipment one-way breather valve is housed also.
Further feature according to PNPB machine described in the utility model, in the described negative pressure generator negative pressure generator is housed, be connected to working interface by pipeline, on this pipeline, by airflow direction one-way control valve, sensor, electromagnetic valve and vacuum table be installed.
Compare with existing positive airway pressure equipment, this utility model combines positive airway pressure with the negative pressure ventilation technology, make the PNPV machine by different ventilating mode collaborative works, ventilation efficiency is obviously improved, having overcome positive airway pressure technology ventilation efficiency does not ensure, excess pressure is difficult for shortcomings such as tolerance, has both reached the ventilation efficiency that the wound positive airway pressure is arranged, and need not tracheal intubation or tracheotomy again.Owing to have positive airway pressure (continuous positive airway pressure CPAP or two-phase Positive Airway Pressure BiPAP), simultaneously also overcome the problem that negative pressure ventilation easily causes airway constriction, thereby make the present invention can be used for having the patient (as obstructive sleep respiratory disorder OSAS) of last airway constriction, also overcome the low problem of simple cuirass negative pressure ventilation machine ventilation efficiency, but do not had the heaviness of Drinker respirator negative pressure ventilation machine and use inconvenience.Therefore, PNPB facility described in the utility model have clinical value widely, and its economic and social benefit is considerable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of PNPB machine described in the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the circuit module figure of control device shown in Figure 1.
The specific embodiment
PNPB machine described in the utility model, as shown in Figure 1, it comprises: malleation generator 1, by malleation trachea 2(for example, coil, corrugated tube etc.) for example be connected to facial breathing equipment 3(, face shield, nose cup, nose pillow, interface unit etc.); Negative pressure generator 4 for example is connected to breast abdominal respiration device 6(by negative pressure trachea 5, cuirass, breast abdomen rain cape formula device, breast abdomen jacket formula device etc.); And control device 7, have operation interface and input/output port, be electrically connected with malleation generator 1 and negative pressure generator 4 respectively.
In the example of malleation generator 1 shown in Figure 1, air flow-producing device 11(is housed for example by airflow direction in this device, aerator, microvovtex turbine etc.), be connected to working interface by pipeline, at this pipeline suction solenoid valve 12, pressure transducer 13, flow transducer 14, flow uniform ring 15 and flow element 16 be installed.But also can adopt the malleation generator of other structures.
As shown in Figure 1, between the working interface of malleation generator 1 and malleation trachea 2, biofilter 17 is housed also.
As shown in Figure 1, between malleation trachea 2 and facial breathing equipment 3, one-way breather valve 18 is housed also.
In the example of negative pressure generator 4 shown in Figure 1, negative pressure generator 41 is housed in this device, be connected to working interface by pipeline, on this pipeline, by airflow direction one-way control valve 45, sensor 44, electromagnetic valve 42 and vacuum table 43 are installed.But also can adopt the negative pressure generator of other structures.
Described control device 3, as shown in Figure 2, comprising: CPU (being responsible for central data processing, A/D and D/A conversion), flow and pressure sensor circuit, solenoid valve control circuit, power circuit, artificial setting, demonstration and warning system circuit, negative pressure pump control circuit, blower motor control circuit etc.CPU controls the running of these circuit.
PNPB machine described in the utility model in use, the positive airway pressure machine is used existing positive airway pressure technology, produce malleation by microvovtex turbine or aerator, and controlled by micro computer, produce inspiratory positive airway pressure and expiration machine malleation with the breathing cycle variation, positive press is connected with patient with nose (face) cover by pipeline, by flow transducer triggering and synchronous with patient respiration.The negative pressure ventilation machine is preferably cuirass negative pressure ventilation machine, produces negative pressure by negative pressure pump, is connected with cuirass by pipeline, and is controlled by micro computer, produces intermittently negative pressure imitation eupnea process assisted respiartion according to aspiratory action.Negative pressure machine and the microcomputer control of positive press by control centre trigger positive Negative pressure machine synchronous working and synchronous with patient respiration by nose (face) cover and flow transducer.By positive Negative pressure machine collaborative work, can realize following unique ventilating mode: (1) negative pressure ventilation+continuous positive airway; (2) negative pressure ventilation+two horizontal positive airway pressures; (3) volume control pressure is regulated ventilation.Above-mentioned ventilating mode is equipped with patient's triggering synchronous and machine control model (being applicable to that autonomous respiration suspends).
Claims (9)
1. a PNPB machine is characterized in that, comprising:
Malleation generator (1) is connected to facial breathing equipment (3) by malleation trachea (2);
Negative pressure generator (4) is connected to breast abdominal respiration device (6) by negative pressure trachea (5); And
Control device (7) has operation interface and input/output port, is electrically connected with malleation generator (1) and negative pressure generator (4) respectively.
2. PNPB machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described malleation trachea (2) is coil or corrugated tube.
3. PNPB machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described facial breathing equipment (3) is to be selected from: face shield, nose cup, nose pillow, interface unit.
4. PNPB machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described breast abdominal respiration device (6) is to be selected from: cuirass, breast abdomen rain cape formula device, breast abdomen jacket formula device.
5. PNPB machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: by airflow direction air flow-producing device (11) is housed in the described malleation generator (1), be connected to working interface by pipeline, at this pipeline suction solenoid valve (12), pressure transducer (13), flow transducer (14), flow uniform ring (15) and flow element (16) be installed.
6. PNPB machine according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described air flow-producing device (11) is aerator or microvovtex turbine.
7. PNPB machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: between described malleation generator (1) and the malleation trachea (2) biofilter (17) is housed also.
8. PNPB machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: between described malleation trachea (2) and the facial breathing equipment (3) one-way breather valve (18) is housed also.
9. PNPB machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: negative pressure generator (41) is housed in the described negative pressure generator (4), be connected to working interface by pipeline, on this pipeline, by airflow direction one-way control valve (45), sensor (44), electromagnetic valve (42) and vacuum table (43) be installed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201320171059 CN203123239U (en) | 2013-04-08 | 2013-04-08 | Positive and negative pressure breathing machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201320171059 CN203123239U (en) | 2013-04-08 | 2013-04-08 | Positive and negative pressure breathing machine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN203123239U true CN203123239U (en) | 2013-08-14 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 201320171059 Expired - Lifetime CN203123239U (en) | 2013-04-08 | 2013-04-08 | Positive and negative pressure breathing machine |
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| CN (1) | CN203123239U (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104415439A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2015-03-18 | 复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院 | Breathing machine capable of ventilation by thoracic cavity |
| CN107648711A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2018-02-02 | 长庚医疗财团法人林口长庚纪念医院 | Ventilation equipment and methods |
| EP3237050A4 (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2018-10-24 | Glenn Fernandes | Innovations in mechanical ventilators |
-
2013
- 2013-04-08 CN CN 201320171059 patent/CN203123239U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104415439A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2015-03-18 | 复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院 | Breathing machine capable of ventilation by thoracic cavity |
| CN104415439B (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2017-07-07 | 复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院 | A kind of lung ventilator ventilated through thoracic cavity |
| EP3237050A4 (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2018-10-24 | Glenn Fernandes | Innovations in mechanical ventilators |
| CN107648711A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2018-02-02 | 长庚医疗财团法人林口长庚纪念医院 | Ventilation equipment and methods |
| CN107648711B (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2020-10-30 | 长庚医疗财团法人林口长庚纪念医院 | Ventilation apparatus and method |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
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Granted publication date: 20130814 |