CN203038546U - Spectrometer digitalized reading device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a spectrometer digital reading device, which comprises a spectrometer system and a reading system; The supporting base; the reading system includes a digital capacitive sensor, a vernier disc and a dial that can rotate with the telescope; the digital capacitive sensor is used to measure the deflection angle of light. The utility model can conveniently and accurately read the experimental angle data, reduce the human error in the operation of the students, completely solve the "zero-crossing" problem of the dial, and improve the data processing precision. During the teaching process, the experimental content can be changed in real time according to the experimental requirements, which is simple and convenient.

Description

Spectrometer digital readout device

technical field

The utility model relates to a digital reading device for a spectrometer, which belongs to the field of university physics experiment instruments.

Background technique

A spectrometer is an instrument that accurately measures the deflection angle of light. Many basic physical quantities in optics, such as wavelength and refractive index, can be directly or indirectly expressed as the deflection angle of light. Therefore, the wavelength and refractive index can be measured by using a spectrometer, and the angle between optical planes can also be accurately measured. At present, most colleges and universities in China use traditional spectrometer experimental instruments, and the reading device is a traditional mechanical dial. When the traditional spectrometer leaves the factory, the plane of the dial has been adjusted to be perpendicular to the rotating shaft of the instrument and fixed. The scale disc is divided into 360 degrees, and the smallest division value is half a degree. Values smaller than half a degree can be read on the vernier, the two verniers are in the radial direction of the edge of the black inner disk, and the vernier is divided into 30 small divisions. The vernier disc is generally fixedly connected with the stage, and can rotate around the rotating shaft of the instrument, and there are screws to stop the vernier disc. The reading method of the scale disc is similar to that of the vernier caliper. In order to eliminate the eccentricity difference between the dial and the central axis of the spectrometer, a vernier is installed at both ends of the same diameter of the dial. When measuring, both verniers should read, and then calculate the difference between the two readings of each vernier, and then take the average value. This average value can be used as the angle through which the telescope (or stage) is turned, and eccentricity is eliminated. However, many years of teaching practice have proved that the traditional mechanical dial has the following main shortcomings: (1) In order to reduce the influence of ambient light on the experiment, the experiment requires the operator to conduct the experiment in a darker environment, which is harmful to the environment. There is a certain difficulty in reading the angle value of the dial. (2) Since there are many myopic students in colleges and universities at present, and the vernier reading interval of the traditional mechanical dial is very small, it is also difficult for these students to read the deflection angle of the telescope, and it is difficult for the manufacturer. There is also a certain degree of difficulty in the processing of the line. (3) In the process of reading, students are required to constantly repeat the adjustment, observe through the telescope, and read the dial reading. Repeated operations are likely to cause visual fatigue and make mistakes in reading the angle. (4) Sometimes some students misread XX degree and XX minute as XX point and XX degree, resulting in reading errors. (5) When measuring the deflection angle of certain light rays, due to the "zero crossing" problem of the dial, that is, the calculation problem caused by the numerical value changing from small to large after the vernier rotates through the zero scale line.

Utility model content

The utility model is proposed in view of the above-mentioned shortcomings. Specifically, the utility model provides a digital reading device for a spectrometer, including a spectrometer system and a reading system, wherein the spectrometer system includes a collimator for generating parallel light, a receiving A telescope for parallel light, a stage carrying optical elements, and a base for providing stable support; the reading system includes a digital capacitive sensor, a vernier disc, and a dial that can rotate with the telescope; the digital capacitive sensor is used For measuring the deflection angle of light;

According to the digital readout device of the spectrometer of the present invention, the digital capacitive grid sensor includes a moving grid and a fixed grid, the fixed grid is installed on the inner side of the arc of the digital capacitance grid sensor and faces the outer side of the scale, and the moving grid is installed on the scale the outer edge of the disk.

According to the digital reading device of the spectrometer of the present invention, there is a shielding pole on the fixed grid, an emitter electrode and a common receiving pole on the moving grid; a plurality of emitter pole pieces are arranged on the moving grid, and there are common receiving poles; multiple arrays are arranged on the fixed grid. a reflective electrode.

According to the spectrometer digital reading device of the utility model, the digital capacitive sensor further includes a central processing unit, a conversion circuit and a display screen.

According to the digital reading device of the spectrometer of the utility model, there are two digital capacitive sensors, which are respectively fastened in the antidiametric direction of the vernier disc; when measuring, the angle values displayed on the two digital capacitive sensors are read out , taking its average.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: through the digital dial reading device of the utility model, the experimental angle data can be read conveniently and accurately, the human error in the operation of the students can be reduced, the problem of "zero-crossing" of the dial can be completely solved, and the data can be improved. Processing precision. During the teaching process, the experimental content can be changed in real time according to the experimental requirements, which is simple and convenient.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the utility model embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the utility model embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a working schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment.

Detailed ways

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the digital reading device of the spectrometer provided by the utility model includes a spectrometer system and a reading system (6), and the spectrometer system includes a collimator ( 3), a telescope (2) capable of receiving parallel light, a stage (4) carrying optical elements, and a base (1) that provides stable support for the above-mentioned devices. The spectrometer system is equipped with a reading system (6), The reading system 6) includes a digital capacitive sensor (5), a vernier (8) and a dial (7) that can rotate together with the telescope (2), wherein the digital capacitive sensor (5) measures the The deflection angle of the light. Wherein, three fine-thread screws are arranged under the table top of the stage for adjusting the inclination of the table top; the digital capacitive sensor (5) is fastened on the antidiametric direction of the vernier disk (8). In an example of the present utility model, the number of digital capacitive sensors (5) used is 2, which are respectively fastened on the antidiametric direction of the vernier disc (8); when measuring, read out these two numbers Taking the average of the angle values displayed on the type capacitive sensor (5) can eliminate the eccentricity error.

The function of the collimator is to generate parallel light. A telescopic sleeve is installed at one end of its cylindrical barrel, and there is a slit at the end of the sleeve, and an achromatic lens group is installed at the other end of the barrel. When the telescopic slit device is located on the focal plane of the lens, the collimator emits parallel light. The direction of the optical axis of the collimator can be changed by adjusting the horizontal adjustment screw of the optical axis of the collimator and the elevation adjustment screw of the optical axis of the collimator, and the width of the slit can be changed by adjusting the slit width adjustment screw to change the width of the incident beam.

The telescope is used to observe and locate the measured light, usually a cylinder composed of an objective lens, a self-collimating eyepiece and a reticle for measurement. The light of the illuminating small bulb enters from the barrel side, and illuminates the lower half of the reticles on the reticle after being reflected by the small triangular prism. The direction of the reticle and the distance between the eyepiece and the objective lens are all adjustable. When the crosshair is on the focal plane of the objective lens, the light emitted by the crosshair becomes parallel light after passing through the objective lens. The parallel light is reflected by the double-sided mirror, and then focused on the plane of the reticle by the objective lens to form a crosshair image (green). After the telescope is adjusted, the reticles and the "ten" image of the crosshair can be seen clearly from the eyepiece at the same time, and there is no parallax between the two. In addition, the direction of the telescope optical axis can be changed by adjusting the telescope optical axis elevation adjustment screw and the telescope optical axis horizontal adjustment screw.

The digital reading system of this embodiment consists of a digital capacitive sensor (5), a vernier (8) fastened to the radial direction of the vernier (8), and a dial that can rotate with the telescope (2) ( 7) composed of. Wherein the digital capacitive sensor (5) is fastened on the antidiametric direction of the vernier disc (8) with screws (9). The digital capacitive sensor (5) includes a moving grid and a fixed grid. There is a shielding electrode on the fixed grid, and an emitter and a common receiving electrode on the moving grid. The emitter electrode sheet has a common receiving electrode, and a plurality of reflective electrode sheets of the same size, with a width and a gap of 4 l are evenly arranged on the fixed grid, and the electrode sheets are electrically insulated from each other. The fixed grid is installed on the inner side of the arc of the digital capacitive grid sensor (5) facing the outer side of the dial (7), and the moving grid is installed on the outer side of the dial (7). The electrodes of the moving grid and the fixed grid are opposite to each other and installed in parallel. When different excitation voltages are applied to the emitting electrode sheets, charges are generated on the reflective electrode sheets through capacitive coupling, and then charges are output on the common receiving electrode through capacitance. The capacitive grid displacement sensor is a capacitive sensor based on the working principle of variable area, and its electrodes are arranged like a grid, which is equivalent to the parallel connection of multiple variable area capacitive sensors. When measuring the light deflection angle, the operator rotates the telescope (2), and the dial (7) rotates together with the telescope (2). The digital capacitive sensor (5) is fastened on the radial direction of the vernier disc (8), and together with the vernier disc (8) is stable relative to the spectrometer as a whole. When the moving grid of the dial (7) moves relative to the fixed grid, the mechanical displacement of the outer arc length of the dial (7) is transformed into the change of the capacitance value, and the corresponding change of the electrical signal is obtained through the conversion circuit. The central processing unit inside the capacitive sensor (5) obtains the mechanical displacement I of the outer arc length of the dial (7).

其中R为刻度盘（7）的半径；The deflection angle of the light is obtained by the arc length formula: I=nπR/180

Where R is the radius of the dial (7);

Finally, the calculated light deflection angle n is displayed on the display screen of the digital capacitive sensor (5) for operator reading.

Claims (5)

1. spectrometer digitizing reading device, comprise spectrometer system and frame of reference (6), it is characterized in that: described spectrometer system comprises the objective table (4) of the parallel light tube (3) that produces directional light, the telescope (2) that receives directional light, bearing optical element and is used for providing the base (1) of stable support; Described frame of reference (6) comprises digital capacitor grid transducer (5), alidade (8) and the index dial (7) that can rotate with telescope (2); Digital capacitor grid transducer (5) is used for measuring the deflection angle of light.

2. spectrometer digitizing reading device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: digital capacitor grid transducer (5) comprises moving grid and fixed grid, fixed grid is installed in the circular arc inboard of digital capacitor grid transducer (5) over against the side, outer of index dial (7), and moving grid is installed in the side, outer of index dial (7).

3. spectrometer digitizing reading device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: screening electrode is arranged on the fixed grid, emitter and public receiving pole are arranged on the moving grid; Arrange a plurality of emission pole pieces on the moving grid, and public receiving pole is arranged; Arrange a plurality of reflecting electrode sheets on the fixed grid.

4. spectrometer digitizing reading device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described digital capacitor grid transducer (5) also comprises central processing unit, change-over circuit and display screen.

5. spectrometer digitizing reading device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: digital capacitor grid transducer has two, is fastened on respectively on the diameter direction of alidade (8); During measurement, read two digital capacitor grid transducers (5) and go up shown angle value, get that it is average.

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