CN203008787U - Hydraulic mechanical reamer bit with variable diameters in drilling - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a drilling tool, in particular to a hydraulic-mechanical variable-diameter reaming drill bit while drilling. To solve the technical problem of continuous cavitation during the retreating drilling process in the drilling process in the coal seam, a hydraulic-mechanical variable-diameter reaming drill bit while drilling includes an upper joint, a shell, a core tube, a mandrel, a drill bit, a piston system, and a drilling Fluid flow direction conversion system, reaming while drilling cone arm assembly. The utility model has a reasonable design, and can realize the same function as a normal drill bit in the drilling process, but in the drilling back process, through the functions of the piston system, the drilling fluid flow conversion system, and the reaming cone arm assembly while drilling, it can make the The gear arm is opened to realize the process of expanding and creating holes.

Description

Hydraulic mechanical reaming bit with variable diameter while drilling

technical field

The utility model relates to a drilling tool, in particular to a hydraulic-mechanical variable-diameter reaming drill bit while drilling.

Background technique

Drainage of coalbed methane by underground drilling is one of the main measures to control coal mine gas and eliminate coal and gas outburst. Through drainage, the gas content in coal seams can be reduced, the amount of gas gushing out during tunnel excavation and mining face recovery can be reduced, and the coal mine gas can be reduced. The hazards associated with gas are highlighted. The method of increasing the drainage of coalbed methane underground in coal mines is mainly by increasing the drilling density and reducing the spacing of drilling holes, such as using dense drilling; or changing the layout of coal seam drilling, such as changing from parallel drilling to cross drilling; or increasing drainage. The method of reducing the diameter of the borehole; or increasing the negative pressure of the borehole drainage to increase the amount of gas drainage in the coal seam borehole has the disadvantages of increasing the construction amount of the borehole and the drilling footage, and the cost increases. In practice, it is found that due to the poor permeability of the coal seam and the lack of fractures, the drilling is directly carried out underground. Due to the small diameter of the drilling, the scope of influence is limited, the speed of natural gas release and the effect of production are relatively poor, and the drainage effect is sometimes Not obvious. Therefore, those skilled in the art have developed the technology of creating caves in the coal seam, through which the exposed area of the coal seam is expanded, and the cracks in the coal seam are enlarged, thereby increasing the overflow of coalbed methane. In order to enable the drill bit to realize the function of continuously creating holes during the drilling process, it is urgent to develop a new type of drilling tool.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the technical problem of continuous cavitation during the retreating drilling process of drilling in the coal seam, the utility model provides a hydraulic mechanical variable-diameter reaming drill bit while drilling.

The technical scheme of the utility model is a hydraulic-mechanical variable-diameter reaming bit while drilling, including an upper joint, a shell, a core tube, a mandrel, a drill bit, a piston system, a drilling fluid flow control system, and a reaming tooth while drilling. Wheel arm assembly.

The shell includes an upper shell, a middle shell, and a lower shell connected in sequence, the upper joint is connected to the upper shell, the core pipe is arranged in the upper shell and the middle shell, and the middle shell and the lower shell are pierced. Mandrel, the lower end of the mandrel is connected to the drill bit, and a large spring is sleeved on the outside of the mandrel, and the big spring is stuck between the lower casing and the mandrel. The piston system includes a piston, a piston chamber and a connecting hole of the piston chamber. The drilling fluid flow control system is set in the center. Between the pipe and the mandrel, the drilling fluid flow control system includes a connecting pipe. One end of the connecting pipe is a pressure cap, and the other end is a water inlet. The pressure cap is located at the bottom of the core tube, the lower end of the connecting tube communicates with the mandrel, and an annular piston is arranged in the cavity formed in the upper shell and the middle shell, and the upper surface area of the piston is larger than the lower surface area; the reaming cone while drilling The arm assembly includes a toothed rod connected to the side of the piston, and a gear is provided outside the middle casing, the gear meshes with the toothed rod, a toothed arm is connected to the gear, and an oblique shaft is arranged on the middle casing. nozzle.

The working principle of the utility model is as follows: Drilling pressure transmission in the above working process: when drilling into the pilot hole, the connecting head is connected with the upper drilling tool, and the drilling pressure is transmitted to the drill bit through the upper casing, the middle casing, the lower casing and the mandrel; When the drilling is finished and the hole is expanded, the drilling pressure is transmitted to the cone arm through the upper casing and the middle casing. Torque transmission during the above working process: When drilling into the pilot hole, the connection head is connected with the upper drilling tool, and the drilling pressure is transmitted to the mandrel through the upper shell, the middle shell, and the bump, and then to the drill bit from the mandrel; When enlarging the eye, through the upper shell and the middle shell, the middle shell is driven by the gear arm to realize eye expansion. After hole expansion is completed and the drill is ready to be withdrawn, the drilling fluid pressure is released, and the liquid in the piston chamber flows out through the connecting hole. The piston pushes the piston up under the action of the spring, and the piston drives the toothed rod to move upward. The gear at the rear of the cone arm assembly drives the cone arm to shrink inward and reset. At the same time, in the process of drilling back, the unreamed pilot hole at the rear of the drill hole can also be retracted and reset by squeezing the support rod and the cone arm.

The utility model has a reasonable and ingenious design, and can realize the same function as a normal drill bit in the drilling process, but in the drilling back process, through the functions of the piston system, the drilling fluid flow conversion system, and the reaming cone arm assembly while drilling, it can The cone arm is opened to realize the process of expanding the hole and creating the hole.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model

Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1

Fig. 3 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 1

In the figure: 1-upper joint, 2-upper shell, 3-heart tube, 4-middle shell, 5-lower shell, 6-mandrel bump, 7-big spring, 8-mandrel, 9- Drill bit, 10-piston cavity, 11-piston, 12-T-shaped sealing ring, 13-cavity, 14-connection port, 15-pressure cap, 16-washer, 17-small spring, 18-connecting pipe, 18-1 The long liquid-passing hole on the side wall, 19-water inlet, 20-O-ring, 21-connecting hole, 22-toothed rod, 23-spring, 24-semicircular cavity, 25-nozzle connecting hole, 26 -piston cavity connection hole, 27-bearing, 28-oblique nozzle, 29-positioning block, 30-support rod, 31-bearing, 32-gear, 33-cone arm, 34-sliding groove, 35-roller. the

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1, 2, 3 describe in detail the structure and working principle of the present utility model, as shown in Figure 1 schematically, a kind of hydro-mechanical while drilling variable-diameter reaming drill bit, comprises upper joint 1, housing, core tube 3 , mandrel 8, drill bit 9, piston system, drilling fluid flow control system, reaming cone arm assembly while drilling.

The shell includes an upper shell 2, a middle shell 4, and a lower shell 5 connected in sequence, the upper joint 1 is connected to the upper shell 2, the core pipe 3 is arranged in the upper shell 2 and the middle shell 4, and the middle shell A mandrel 8 is passed through the body 4 and the lower case 5, the lower end of the mandrel 8 is connected to the drill bit 9, and a large spring 7 is set outside the mandrel 8, and the large spring 7 is stuck between the lower case 5 and the mandrel 8, and the piston system Including piston 11, piston chamber 10 and piston chamber connection holes 21, 26, the drilling fluid flow control system is arranged between the core tube 3 and the mandrel 8, the drilling fluid flow control system includes a connecting pipe 18, and one end of the connecting pipe 18 is a pressure cap 15 , the other end is a water inlet 19, the outer wall is equipped with a ring-shaped small spring 17, the side wall of the connecting pipe 18 is a long hole 18-1 for passing liquid, the upper end of the connecting pipe 18 and the pressure cap 15 are located at the bottom of the heart pipe 3, the lower end of the connecting pipe 18 and The mandrel 8 communicates, and the cavity formed in the upper casing 2 and the middle casing 4 is provided with an annular piston 11, and the upper surface area of the piston 11 is greater than the lower surface area; the reaming while drilling cone arm assembly is included on the side of the piston The connected toothed rod 22 is provided with a gear 32 on the outside of the middle housing 4, and the gear 32 is meshed with the toothed rod 22. The gear 32 is connected with a gear arm 33, and the middle housing 4 is provided with an inclined to the nozzle 28.

A mandrel projection 6 is provided between the middle housing 4 and the spindle 8 , and the mutual rotation between the middle housing 4 and the spindle 8 is prevented by the spindle projection 6 to transmit torque.

Its working process is that when the drill bit is drilling forward normally, the drill bit 9 is subjected to the top pressure of the drilled rock mass, and the mandrel 8 is pushed to squeeze the large spring 7 and the small spring 17 to retract backward, and the mandrel 8 and the core tube The connecting tube 18 between the 3 moves to the inner chamber of the heart tube 3, the connection port 14 between the heart tube 3 and the middle shell 4 is closed by the inner wall of the mandrel, the connecting tube 18 stretches into the heart tube 3, the heart tube 3 and the The inner cavity of the mandrel 8 is connected, and the drilling fluid enters the inner cavity of the mandrel 8 from the core tube 3, and flows out from the nozzle in front of the drill bit 9, increasing the hydraulic pressure, and the drill bit drills forward and drills into the pilot hole. At this time, the cone arm is always is closed.

After drilling to a certain depth, carry out the back drilling and reaming operation according to the plan. When the back drilling reaches a certain position and drills forward to expand the hole, the drill bit 9 has formed a pilot hole in front of it, and the drill bit 9 is not on the top of the drilled rock mass. Press, the large spring 7 and the small spring 17 jointly push the mandrel 8 to move forward, the connecting tube 18 between the heart tube 3 and the mandrel 8 enters the inner cavity of the mandrel 8, and the pressure cap 15 on the mandrel is in the position of the small spring 7 Under action, the connecting pipe 8 closes the channel due to the action of the pressure cap 15, the core tube 3 is separated from the middle shell 4, and the connection port 14 on the side wall of the core tube 3 is opened; then the hydraulic pressure is increased, and the drilling fluid enters the core tube 3 and the middle shell. In the cavity 13 between the casing 4, a part of the drilling fluid enters the piston chamber 10 through the connecting holes 26 and 21 of the piston chamber. Since the upper and lower cross-sectional areas of the piston 11 are not equal, the piston moves toward the drill bit under hydraulic pressure, and the piston 11 drives the tooth profile The rod 22 moves, the toothed rod 22 drives the gear 32 to rotate, and the gear 32 drives the cone arm 33 to expand outwards to realize hole reaming. When the cone arm opens to a certain angle, the casing 4 in the drill pipe is then pushed forward. At the same time, the drilling wall provides an outward tension to the cone arm 33, and the opening angle of the cone arm 33 continues to expand until the maximum expansion diameter. Another part of the drilling fluid is sprayed from the nozzle connecting hole 25 through the oblique nozzle 28 on the outer wall of the middle casing 4 and the embedded nozzle in the cone arm to realize cooling and flushing of the bore hole during the reaming process of the cone arm 33 .

Drilling pressure transmission in the above working process: When drilling into the pilot hole, the connection head 1 is connected with the upper drilling tool, and the drilling pressure is transmitted to the drill bit 9 through the upper casing 2, the middle casing 4, the lower casing 5, and the mandrel 8; When ending the drilling and enlarging the holes, the drilling pressure is passed to the cone arm 33 through the upper shell 2 and the middle shell 4. Torque transmission during the above working process: When drilling into the pilot hole, the connection head 1 is connected with the upper drilling tool, the drilling pressure is transmitted to the mandrel 8 through the upper shell 2, the middle shell 4, and the mandrel bump 6, and then by the core Axle 8 passes to drill bit 9; When drilling into enlarged eye, through upper shell 2, middle shell 4, middle shell 4 realizes eye reaming by driving cone arm 33.

A sliding groove 34 is arranged on the cone arm 33 , and a bearing 27 is arranged on the middle casing 4 , and the bearing 27 is connected to the supporting rod 30 , and the end of the supporting rod 30 is located in the sliding groove 34 .

When the cone arm 33 reaches the maximum angle, under the joint action of the positioning block 29 and the support rod 30, the cone arm is locked, and the support rod 30 can increase the rigidity of the cone arm.

After the hole expansion is completed and the drill is ready to be withdrawn, the drilling fluid is depressurized, and the liquid in the piston chamber flows out from the piston chamber 10 through the connecting holes 21 and 26. The piston pushes the piston 11 to move upward under the action of the spring 23, and the piston 11 drives the toothed rod 22 moves up, and the toothed bar 22 drives the gear arm 33 inwardly shrinks and resets by the gear 32 of the rear part of the gear arm assembly. Simultaneously in the process of getting back the drill, the unreamed pilot hole at the drilling rear portion can also be realized shrinking reset by extruding the support rod 30 and the cone arm 33 .

Claims (3)

1. A hydraulic-mechanical variable-diameter reaming drill bit while drilling, characterized in that it includes an upper joint (1), a shell, a core tube (3), a mandrel (8), a drill bit (9), a piston system, a drilling Fluid flow direction control system, reaming while drilling cone arm assembly, The housing includes an upper housing (2), a middle housing (4), and a lower housing (5) connected in sequence, the upper joint (1) is connected to the upper housing (2), the upper housing (2) and The core tube (3) is arranged in the middle shell (4), the mandrel (8) is passed through the middle shell (4) and the lower shell (5), and the lower end of the mandrel (8) is connected to the drill bit (9). (8) There is a large spring (7) on the outside, and the large spring (7) is stuck between the lower housing (5) and the spindle (8). The piston system includes the piston (11), the piston chamber (10) and the piston chamber Connecting holes (21, 26), the drilling fluid flow control system is set between the core tube (3) and the mandrel (8), the drilling fluid flow control system includes a connecting pipe (18), and one end of the connecting pipe (18) is a pressure cap ( 15), the other end is the water inlet (19), the outer wall is equipped with a small ring-shaped spring (17), the side wall of the connecting pipe (18) is a long hole for passing liquid (18-1), and the upper end of the connecting pipe (18) presses the cap ( 15) Located at the bottom of the heart tube (3), the lower end of the connecting tube (18) communicates with the mandrel (8), and an annular piston (11) is provided in the cavity formed in the upper shell (2) and the middle shell (4). ), the upper surface area of the piston (11) is greater than the lower surface area; the reaming while drilling cone arm assembly includes a toothed rod (22) connected to the side of the piston, and a gear (32) is arranged outside the middle housing (4) ), the gear (32) meshes with the toothed rod (22), the gear (32) is connected with the gear arm (33), and the middle housing (4) is provided with an oblique nozzle (28). 2. The hydraulic-mechanical variable-diameter while-drilling reaming drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: a mandrel bump (6) is provided between the middle housing (4) and the mandrel (8). 3. The hydraulic-mechanical reaming bit with variable diameter while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: a sliding groove (34) is provided on the cone arm (33), and a bearing ( 27), the bearing (27) is connected to the support rod (30), and the end of the support rod (30) is located in the slide groove (34).

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