CN201932979U - Water saving device for classification treatment of domestic wastewater - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a household appliance for comprehensive utilization of domestic sewage treatment technology, in particular to a water-saving device for classification and adjustment of domestic sewage, which is used to collect, transmit and regulate living sewage in three categories, and then treat the sewage in three levels to reach the standard. Reclaimed water can be reused nearby, so as to achieve the goal of saving at least 50% of water. The device is composed of classified drain valves, classified filter caissons, classified processors, and power water pipes. , the water saver can be automatically controlled. The water saver is a new type of household appliance that uses the idea of garbage classification and disposal to classify, dispose and reuse residential sewage. It greatly reduces the energy consumption and cost of residential wastewater treatment and reuse, and facilitates residents to use recycled water with confidence, and can be popularized. , will play a great role in changing the urban water resource crisis and changing the appearance of the urban water environment.

Description

Household Wastewater Classification Treatment Water Saver

Technical field:

The utility model relates to the comprehensive utilization of sewage treatment technology, in particular to a water saver for classified treatment of domestic waste water.

Background technique:

Due to the lack of water resources worldwide, especially the large population and enterprises in cities and towns, serious water pollution has caused difficulties in water supply for urban residents. Now various types of water-saving devices continue to appear, but the design ideas are only to make a fuss about reducing water consumption with low technological content. The way of saving water after centralized treatment of wastewater is used to save water is carried out by large sewage treatment plants. Domestic sewage is originally produced by people in the high-rise living room, and now it is sent to a large sewage plant for treatment along the specially designed sewage pipeline. The miscellaneous domestic sewage carries many pollutants, which often inevitably block the domestic sewage pipe network, and sometimes one blockage will cause multiple blockages. The contradiction between the flowability of water and the immobility of living solid pollutants is the fundamental reason why urban sewers are always silted up.

After the sewage treatment plant treats the sewage, regardless of the long distance, a special reclaimed water reuse pipe network must be built, and multiple large water pumps must be installed along the way to transport the reclaimed water back to the streets, factories or living rooms in the city for reuse. Such repeated back-and-forth pipe network, repeated back-and-forth pumping, and repeated back-and-forth excavation maintenance have resulted in huge investment in urban infrastructure funds, huge investment in dismantling and excavation maintenance funds, and huge investment in processing and recycling operating funds, making the use of reclaimed water very costly. Extremely expensive, residents are complaining, and the government is overwhelmed. However, due to the lack of water resources in the world, people have to spend more money to promote the reuse of high-priced recycled water. In fact, wastewater is treated in the nearest living room and reused in time. The elevation of indoor water movement is only 3 to 4 meters, and the journey of indoor reuse water is only more than 10 meters. A minimum of 30 to 40 meters is needed. Compared with the two, the energy consumption cost of moving a ton of water will be more than 10 times different, not to mention the huge investment in the construction and maintenance of the sewage pipe network and reuse water pipe network, as well as the blockage along the way. What about the cost of road network governance that causes pollution in the end? In view of this, some places try to reuse after centralized treatment in the living room from the perspective of water conservation, but the result: first, the equipment is too large to fit in the room; second, it will produce annoying odors. Therefore, it is a major technical problem that urgently needs to be solved and is extremely difficult to solve in today's society to carry out nearby treatment and nearby reuse of domestic sewage in urban dwellings.

According to the statistics of per capita daily water consumption in various countries, the residents in China are 150L to 190L, and the urban residents in developed countries are 200L to 400L; among the daily excreta per person, Germany and Sweden are: suspended solids: 82-96g, BOD ₅ : 68-82g, TKN: 11-16g, total P: 1.2-1.6g. China's early statistics are suspended solids: 30-50g, BOD ₅ : 20-35g, that is to say, the average daily drainage of a family of 3 to 4 is only about 1m ³ , the highest consumption level does not exceed 1.6m ³ , and the daily excretion The pollutants contained in the food are also relatively simple, and the total amount of dry matter will not exceed 5 kg. Therefore, the workload of indoor instant treatment of domestic sewage of a single family within a unit time should be relatively small. Technically, although there is no separate indoor treatment report on the sewage of a single ordinary household, the various treatment technologies for the domestic sewage of a single household in large and medium-sized urban sewage plants are very mature and successful. The China Engineering Construction Standardization Association has already approved the standard book "Technical Regulations for the Application of Integrated Membrane Bioreactor Sewage Treatment", which will come into effect on October 1, 2003. The integrated membrane bioreactor is a bioreactor that uses microorganisms to biotransform organic matter in water, and then uses membrane modules to separate the sludge produced by biological treatment. The membrane module is installed in the middle of the reactor, and then the purified water is obtained by suction with a vacuum pump. Through the reactor and through the coagulation sedimentation, disinfection and other physical and chemical treatment processes, the treatment effect on household high-quality miscellaneous wastewater is very outstanding, and the specific volume is small, and the structure is compact and reasonable. The design treatment efficiency is 95-98%, and the quality of the treated raw water can generally reach the standard (GB/T18920-2002) "Urban Sewage Recycling·Urban Miscellaneous Water Quality" or better.

The main device of the sequencing batch activated sludge process (SBR process) is the sequencing batch reactor, which is a batch-operated activated sludge process device. The operation sequence of SBR process is water inflow, reaction, precipitation, water outflow and standby. A batch of sewage completes five steps as a cycle, and all operations are carried out in the same steel tank equipped with aeration or stirring devices, no sludge return device is needed, but the effluent must be completed by a special decanter. Since these five steps are to be completed in a certain chronological order, automatic control system control is required. Because the SBR process is resistant to impact loads, it can prevent sludge swelling, it can remove nitrogen and phosphorus, it can realize plug-flow flow state, the effluent water quality is good, the volume is small, and the investment is small, so it is especially suitable for the separate adjustment and treatment of small discharge sewage technical foundation. What is missing now is an independent system formed by organic connection combination and orderly and easy-to-control operation.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to solve the above-mentioned problem of sewage treatment and reuse in the smallest space of the family room, and provide a kind of classified collection, classified transmission, and classified treatment of domestic sewage, so that part of it can be used for recycling, and part of it can be recycled Household appliances such as toilet flushing water discharged to the sewage pipe network. To achieve the goal of saving more than half of the water, there is no need to reduce the amount of water or change the habit of water use, just pay attention to the operation of the simple classification drain valve. The treated reclaimed water can also be sold to offset the treatment electricity fee, and the sludge is disposed of together with household waste, so there is basically no increase in operating costs.

The utility model provides a water-saving device for classification and treatment of domestic waste water. The device is composed of a classification drainage valve, a classification filtration caisson, a power water pipe and a classification processor. It is characterized in that the classification drainage valve and the classification filtration caisson are three-unit classification parallel structures , the classification processor is a three-unit cascaded structure.

Furthermore, the classification drain valve discharges the sewage with different pollution degrees into the three parallel units of the classification filtration caisson, and discharges the sewage with different pollution degrees in the three units of the classification filtration caisson into the classification processor through three power pipes in three units.

Further, it is the power water pipe that connects and transmits water between the classification filter caisson and the classification processor. The power water pipe is an intermediate device, consisting of a water pump, a filter screen at the suction end, and a soft rubber hose with a nozzle at the water outlet end.

Furthermore, the classification processor is composed of three cascaded units: SBR reactor, integrated membrane bioreactor, and physicochemical processor, which respectively treat high-load pollution, low-load pollution, and slightly polluted sewage.

The utility model enables domestic sewage treatment to be carried out at home in a timely manner, so that the path passed by the pollutants is the shortest and the range of influence is the smallest, so that the reuse of reclaimed water produced in this way is reassuring and most convenient. The essence of the device is people-oriented, and the goal of water saving is achieved by changing the water quality. The device conforms to the principle of "pollution needs to be treated at the source of the pollution, the cost of treatment is the lowest, and the economy is the most economical and optimal" pointed out by environmental economics. Of course, this invention idea and setting method are also the only way to solve the contradictions of the shortage of water resources in cities and towns and the increasingly high cost of water pollution control.

(1) Technical characteristics of the processing method

The utility model for the first time introduces the domestic waste classification and disposal method into the household waste water treatment and reuse, thereby forming a set of electrical equipment for classified collection, classified transmission, classified treatment and classified reuse of residential domestic waste water. According to the mobility of water, the classification and disposal of wastewater is actually much more convenient and simpler than the classification and disposal of solid waste. This waste water can be separated into three categories of light, low-load, and high-load polluted water for classification and disposal only by pressing a button of a classification drain valve. A fundamental subversion of the centralized treatment and reuse of wastewater. The use of this classified disposal technology can minimize the types of pollutants in the classified collection and treatment of wastewater, so that the treatment methods can be selected to be more targeted, and the process flow can also be arranged more scientifically and reasonably. The reuse path of treatment time can be the shortest, so that the cost of water treatment and use is lower. The main equipment components formed by the utility model according to the technical feature of the classified disposal method include: classified drain valves, classified filter caissons, power water pipes, and classified processors.

The concept of household sewage classification:

a. Slightly polluted water refers to high-quality miscellaneous drainage after washing face, hands, shower and washing dishes without detergent, oil and other pollutants. It only needs general coagulation sedimentation, filtration, disinfection and other physical treatments before it can be used as water for functions other than drinking water, such as underwear, quilt washing, rinsing, hand washing, bathing and other functions.

b. Low-load polluted water refers to high-quality miscellaneous drainage water containing simple pollutants such as bathing water, washing water, vegetable washing water, and washing water water containing less detergent (such as toothpaste, soap), which is based on an integrated membrane bioreactor After adding coagulation sedimentation, filtration, disinfection and other physical treatments, it can reach the standard of high-quality municipal miscellaneous water, and can be used as sanitary flushing water for households.

c. High-load polluted water refers to oily catering waste water from the kitchen, sanitation flushing waste water, soapy water for washing coats, shoes and other dirty clothes, water containing high-concentration detergent, water for washing patients’ clothes, water for flushing toilets, and other inferior impurities. Drainage, it must use the SBR process (sequenced batch activated sludge method) to add an integrated membrane bioreactor, plus sedimentation, filtration, adsorption, disinfection and other physical and chemical treatments before it can reach the general water standard in cities and towns. Of course, one advantage of the high-load polluted water collected by classification is that no additional carbon source is needed to maintain the reaction when the activated sludge method is used for treatment.

(2) Technical characteristics of equipment structure

1. The classification drain valve is to change the single drain valve at the bottom of the water appliances such as the existing washbasin, vegetable sink, bathtub, washing machine, shower room, etc. into a large one that is combined by three drain valves Drain valve. The tops of the three sub-valve plugs are on the same plane, and each is marked with three colors of different shades, so that they respectively represent whether the water with high load pollution, low load pollution water, or slightly polluted water can pass through. The sewage in the basin belongs to which of the above three kinds of sewage, the user presses which sub-valve top cover, after the sub-valve cover bounces up, this type of sewage enters the basin through the sub-drainage pipe connected to this valve by itself Among the classified filter caissons set.

2. Classification filter caisson refers to the device used for classification collection, filtration, suspension and sedimentation of sewage under water appliances. The filter caisson body is divided into three separate filter caissons for storing three types of sewage by movable inserting boards, and three drainage pipes drawn from the classification drain valve are respectively placed in each sub-box. An N-shaped deodorizing pipe is installed in the middle of the drain pipe, and each sub-filter caisson is equipped with a grille, a filter screen, a coagulation stirring plate, a mud scraper, an exhaust hole, a mud discharge port, and an overflow alarm. The exhaust hole of the air vent is connected with the flue, and then discharged to the outside. There is a heating hair dryer deodorizing pipe at the junction to reduce the odor.

3. The classification processor is the series connection of physicochemical reaction processor, membrane bioreactor and SBR sequencing batch reactor. The position of the physicochemical processor is the lowest, the membrane bioreactor is in the middle, and the position of the SBR sequencing batch reactor is the highest, so that the water level forms a drop. The waste water of the high water level processor is discharged to the water inlet of the lower level processor through the drain pipe. Each processor is equipped with an overflow port and an overflow alarm, and each water inlet is also connected to the water outlets of the three filter sedimentation tanks through power water pipes. Among them, the membrane bioreactor and SBR sequencing batch reactor are hung on the balcony or the outer wall of the living room. The odor generated during stirring and aeration is connected to the flue of the kitchen range hood through the exhaust pipe. For the deodorizing pipe of the thermoelectric blower, the sludge discharge pipe for the excess sludge must be connected back to the room, so that the generated sludge can be transported to the garbage station in a timely manner.

4. The power water pipe is the power soft hose that connects the classification filter caisson and the classification processor. It is called the power soft hose because there is a small water pump connected in series in the middle of the soft hose. On the one hand, it pumps the waste water in the classification filter caisson to each classification processor for treatment; on the other hand, it can pump the regenerated water treated in the classification processor back to the classification filter caisson to rinse the filter screen and flush the sludge On the other hand, the regenerated water pumped back can also enter the basin, washing machine, mop pool, and replace the existing tap water for non-drinking use, so the power soft hose is also called a power water hose. The power hose can move freely. The power water pipe actually replaces the current sewage pipe network between the living room and the sewage plant, the reclaimed water pipe network, and the multiple functions of the original part of the tap water pipe network, and at the same time avoids the current fixed one-way water pipe network The disadvantages of easy blockage, easy accumulation, and leakage of odor are also a very key technical feature of the present invention. When the whole device needs to be fully automatic control, the power water pipes must be replaced by three sets of power water pipes fixed to complete the work.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is described in further detail:

Figure 1 Schematic diagram of classification drain valve structure

1.00 Class Drain Valve Housings

1.10 Slightly polluted water valve cover

1.11 Slightly polluted water valve sewage inlet

1.12 Slightly polluted water valve reed

1.13 Slightly polluted water enters the power water pipe and deodorizing pipe of the classification filter caisson

1.20 low load polluted water valve cover

1.21 Low-load pollution water valve sewage inlet

1.22 Low-load polluted water valve clip reed

1.23 Low-load polluted water enters the power water pipe and deodorizing pipe of the classification filter caisson

1.30 high load polluted water valve cover

1.31 High-load polluted water valve sewage inlet

1.32 high load polluted water valve clip reed

1.33 High-load polluted water enters the power water pipe and deodorizing pipe of the classification filter caisson

Fig. 2 Schematic diagram of classification filter caisson structure

2.1 Shell of lightly polluted water filtration sedimentation tank

2.10 Water inlet and filter screen of lightly polluted pool

2.11 Removable partition between lightly polluted water and low-load polluted water

2.12 Sludge outlet of light polluted water filtration and settling tank

2.13 Outlet and filter for cleaning polluted water

2.14 Exhaust pipe of clear polluted water filtration sedimentation tank

2.20 Low-load polluted water inlet and filter

2.21 Low-load and high-load polluted water interval version

2.22 Sludge outlet of low-load polluted water filtration and settling tank

2.23 Outlet and filter screen of low-load polluted water filtration and settling tank

2.24 Exhaust pipe of low-load polluted water filtration and sedimentation tank

2.30 High-load polluted water inlet and filter

2.31 Filter caisson overflow port alarm

2.32 Sludge outlet of high-load polluted water filtration and settling tank

2.33 Outlet and filter screen of high-load polluted water filtration and settling tank

2.34 Exhaust pipe of high-load polluted water filtration and sedimentation tank

Figure 3 Schematic diagram of classification processor structure

3.10 Water inlet of physical and chemical reaction processor

3.11 Disinfection room, activated carbon adsorption room

3.12 Filter mud outlet

3.13 Purified water outlet

3.2 Integrated membrane bioreactor

3.20 Integrated membrane bioreactor water inlet

3.21 Membrane module

3.22 Integrated membrane bioreactor excess sludge outlet

3.23 Integrated membrane bioreactor outlet

3.3 Sequencing batch (SBR) reactor

3.30SBR reactor water inlet

3.31 Stirring or Aerators

3.32 SBR reactor excess sludge outlet

3.33 Decanter

3.34 Processor overflow alarm

3.35 processor exhaust pipe, deodorizing pipe

Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the power water pipe structure

4.0 suction end filter

4.1 Suction pipe

4.2 water pump

4.3 Outlet pipe

4.4 Sprinkler at the water outlet

Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the overall operation of the equipment

Detailed ways:

(1) Treatment and reuse of slightly polluted water

After the slightly polluted water is pressed and popped by the classified drain valve 1.10, it passes through the slightly polluted water inlet 1.11, passes through the slightly polluted water pipe 1.13, enters the classified filter caisson water inlet and the filter screen 2.10, and reaches the slightly polluted water filter sedimentation tank 2.1. After coagulation and sedimentation, insert the suction end 4.0 of the power water pipe 4 into the water outlet 2.13 of the slightly polluted water filtration sedimentation tank and start the water pump 4.2 to let the waste water enter the water inlet 3.10 of the physical and chemical reaction processor through the water outlet 4.4, and then disinfect After 3.11 in the adsorption room, the purified water is discharged through the purified water outlet 3.13, and the purified water enters the basin, washing machine and other water appliances for use through the indoor self-built regenerated water reuse pipeline or the power water pipe 4, or is discharged to the outdoor city for reuse In the middle water pipe network. Families only use this type of recycled water for laundry, which can save at least 30% of the original tap water.

(2) Treatment and reuse of low-load polluted water

After the low-load polluted water is pressed and popped by the classification drain valve 1.20, it passes through the low-load polluted water inlet 1.21, the over-low-load polluted water pipe 1.23, enters the water inlet of the classified caisson and the filter screen 2.20, and reaches the low-load polluted water filtration sedimentation tank 2.2 Inside. After coagulation and sedimentation, insert the suction end 4.0 of the power water pipe 4 into the water outlet 2.23 of the low-load polluted water filtration and sedimentation tank, and start the water pump 4.2, so that this type of waste water enters the integrated membrane bioreactor water inlet 3.1 through the water outlet 4.4 Inside, it is treated by the membrane bioreactor 3.1, then passes through the membrane module 3.21, and then enters the water inlet 3.10 of the physical and chemical processor, and after passing through the disinfection room and the adsorption room 3.11, it is discharged into the indoor regenerated water through the purified water outlet 3.13 for reuse. pipeline, or use the power water pipe 4 to enter water appliances such as washbasins, washing machines, etc., or discharge it to the urban reuse water pipe network outside the residence. Only the washing and rinsing of general clothing and bedding can save at least 30% of the original tap water.

(3) Treatment and reuse of high-load polluted water

The high-load polluted water enters the water inlet of the classified dust filter box and the filter screen 2.30 through the high-load polluted water inlet 1.21 and the over-load polluted water pipe 1.33 after the classification drain valve 1.30 is pressed and popped up, and reaches the high-load polluted water filtration and sedimentation tank 2.3 . Under normal circumstances, such as kitchen oily catering waste water should be directly into the kitchen sewer, toilet waste water should be directly into the toilet sewer, the high-load polluted water under the washbasin and washing machine, when the temperature is low and the toilet needs to be flushed, the power water pipe 4 should be used under high load. The polluted water is directly extracted from the filtration and sedimentation tank 2.3 and directly flushes the toilet; when the temperature is high and the toilet is not in urgent need, most of the high-load polluted water should also go directly into the sewer to avoid odor in the room. The SBR reactor should be used as a backup water source for flushing wastewater and directly connected to the toilet tank to facilitate the eradication of indoor odor and ensure flushing water.

Claims (4)

1. water economizer is handled in a domestic household effluent classification, this device is made up of classification water discharge valve, classification filter caisson, power water pipe, classification processor, it is characterized in that classifying water discharge valve, classification filter caisson all is Unit three classification parallel-connection structure, and classification processor is three unit cascaded structures.

2. according to the described water economizer of claim 1, the water discharge valve sewage that pollution level is different that it is characterized in that classifying enters three unit that the parallel connection of classification filter caisson, and will classify by three power water pipes and filter that the different sewage of pollution level is drained in three unit of classification processor in three unit of caisson.

3. according to the described water economizer of claim 1, playing what is connected the effect of transmission water between it is characterized in that classifying filter caisson and the classification processor is the power water pipe, and the power water pipe is a middle device, is made up of the filter screen of water pump, suction side, the flexible rubber hose that shower nozzle is adorned in the water side.

4. according to the described water economizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: classification processor is by three unit cascaded compositions of sbr reactor device, integral type film biological reactor, materialization treater, handles respectively that high loading pollutes, underload pollutes, the sewage of light contamination.

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