CN201838609U - Photovoltaic component with temperature-display effect - Google Patents
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种具有示温效应的光伏组件，一种具有示温效应的光伏组件，包括从上到下层叠排布的超白低铁钢化玻璃层(1)、第一EVA层(21)、太阳能电池层(3)、第二EVA层(22)、背板层(4)，经高温层压后形成一个整体，其特征在于：所述背板层(4)上设有示温装置。所述示温装置为涂覆在背板层上的示温涂层或贴在背板层上的示温贴片。所述示温涂层或示温贴片的成分为无机可逆示温材料或有机可逆示温材料或液晶可逆示温材料。由于示温涂层或示温贴片能根据温度的变化显示出不同的颜色，因此通过颜色的分布特征可以对组件在光电转换过程中各个区域的温度进行实时的监控，对于一些异常情况能作出准确的判断。
The utility model relates to a photovoltaic module with a temperature display effect, a photovoltaic module with a temperature display effect, comprising an ultra-white low-iron tempered glass layer (1), a first EVA layer (21), The solar cell layer (3), the second EVA layer (22), and the back plate layer (4) form a whole after high-temperature lamination, and the feature is that: the back plate layer (4) is provided with a temperature display device. The temperature display device is a temperature display coating coated on the back plate layer or a temperature display patch attached to the back plate layer. The composition of the temperature-displaying coating or the temperature-displaying patch is an inorganic reversible temperature-displaying material, an organic reversible temperature-displaying material or a liquid crystal reversible temperature-displaying material. Since the temperature-indicating coating or the temperature-indicating patch can display different colors according to the change of temperature, the temperature of each area of the component during the photoelectric conversion process can be monitored in real time through the distribution characteristics of the color, and it can make accurate predictions for some abnormal situations. judge.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及太阳能组件领域，特别涉及一种具有示温效应的太阳能光伏组件。The utility model relates to the field of solar components, in particular to a solar photovoltaic component with a temperature display effect.
背景技术Background technique
随着全球能源危机和环境问题的日益严峻，世界各国都在积极开发和应用新能源，尤其是清洁、无污染的可再生能源，对太阳能的利用受到了世界各国的青睐，光伏发电是太阳能发电最普遍和最有前景的应用形式。近年来以太阳光作为绿色可再生能源的光伏发电技术得到了大规模的应用，光伏发电所占的比例也在快速的增加。With the global energy crisis and environmental problems becoming more and more severe, countries all over the world are actively developing and applying new energy sources, especially clean and pollution-free renewable energy sources. The use of solar energy has been favored by countries all over the world. Photovoltaic power generation is the The most common and promising form of application. In recent years, the photovoltaic power generation technology using sunlight as a green renewable energy has been applied on a large scale, and the proportion of photovoltaic power generation is also increasing rapidly.
在光伏发电系统中，最基本的单元是光伏组件，光伏组件也叫太阳能电池组件，是由多个太阳能电池片串联在一起并封装而成的，其中的太阳能电池是以半导体PN结上接受太阳光照产生光生伏特效应为基础，直接将光能转换为电能的半导体器件。在实际的应用中，光伏组件吸收太阳光将太阳能转换为直流电，再通过逆变器将直流电变换为负载所需要的各种形式的电能。In a photovoltaic power generation system, the most basic unit is a photovoltaic module. A photovoltaic module is also called a solar cell module, which is composed of a plurality of solar cells connected in series and packaged. A semiconductor device that directly converts light energy into electrical energy based on the photovoltaic effect generated by light. In practical applications, photovoltaic modules absorb sunlight to convert solar energy into direct current, and then convert the direct current into various forms of electrical energy required by the load through the inverter.
在光伏发电的过程中，由于光伏组件的核心部件即太阳能电池本身的特性，如现在使用得最多的硅太阳能电池，是不能将太阳能百分之百转换为电能的，所以在光电转换过程中会有大部分太阳光能量转换为热量，导致光伏组件在输出电能的过程中也会伴随着温度的升高。由于光伏组件的输出特性与温度有密切的关系，比如组件的最大输出功率、最大输出功率电压、最大输出功率电流等都会受到温度的影响，因此非常有必要了解光伏组件工作过程中的发热情况。当光伏组件中存在失谐电池时，可能导致某些电池在产生能量而某些电池在消耗能量，能量的消耗将会导致电池局部过热，也称为“热点”，对于此种情况，若要找到有问题的太阳能电池，必须对每块电池进行红外测温。现有技术监控组件温度的方法是利用红外测温仪对每块组件进行测量，但是这种方式显然费时费力。In the process of photovoltaic power generation, due to the characteristics of the solar cell itself, the core component of the photovoltaic module, such as the most widely used silicon solar cell, it is impossible to convert 100% of the solar energy into electrical energy, so there will be most of the solar energy in the photoelectric conversion process. The solar energy is converted into heat, which causes the temperature of the photovoltaic module to increase during the process of outputting electrical energy. Since the output characteristics of photovoltaic modules are closely related to temperature, for example, the maximum output power, maximum output power voltage, and maximum output power current of modules will be affected by temperature, so it is very necessary to understand the heat generation of photovoltaic modules during operation. When there are mistuned batteries in the photovoltaic module, it may cause some batteries to generate energy and some batteries to consume energy. The energy consumption will cause local overheating of the battery, also known as "hot spot". For this situation, if To find faulty solar cells, infrared temperature measurement must be performed on each cell. The existing method for monitoring the temperature of components is to measure each component with an infrared thermometer, but this method is obviously time-consuming and laborious.
2009年10月14日授权公告的公告号为CN201327418Y的中国实用新型专利说明书公开了一种测量光伏电站光伏电池温度的传感器的安装结构，该技术方案通过将温度传感器封装在太阳能光伏组件的内部、并紧贴在光伏电池的背面，温度传感器的引出线穿过太阳能光伏组件背板经过光伏组件的引线盒而引出，解决了不能准确测试太阳能光伏组件内部光伏电池温度的技术问题，但是该技术方案只能测试温度传感器安装点的温度，不能做到对组件各个区域都准确监测。而且结构及其制作工艺也都较为复杂。The Chinese utility model patent specification CN201327418Y issued on October 14, 2009, discloses a sensor installation structure for measuring the temperature of a photovoltaic cell in a photovoltaic power station. The technical solution encapsulates the temperature sensor inside the solar photovoltaic module, And close to the back of the photovoltaic cell, the lead-out wire of the temperature sensor is drawn out through the back plate of the solar photovoltaic module and through the lead box of the photovoltaic module, which solves the technical problem that the temperature of the photovoltaic cell inside the solar photovoltaic module cannot be accurately tested, but the technical solution Only the temperature at the installation point of the temperature sensor can be tested, and it is impossible to accurately monitor all areas of the component. Moreover, the structure and its manufacturing process are also relatively complicated.
因此实现对组件中各个区域的实时监测是本领域技术人员急需解决的技术问题。Therefore, realizing real-time monitoring of each area in the component is a technical problem urgently needed to be solved by those skilled in the art.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型所要解决的技术问题是提供一种具有示温效应的光伏组件，能够直观的显示整块组件每个区域的温度，从而实时了解每块太阳能电池片的工作状况。The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a photovoltaic module with a temperature display effect, which can intuitively display the temperature of each area of the whole module, so as to know the working status of each solar cell in real time.
实现上述技术问题的技术方案是：一种具有示温效应的光伏组件，包括从上到下层叠排布的超白低铁钢化玻璃层、第一EVA层、太阳能电池层、第二EVA层、背板层，经高温层压后形成一个整体，所述背板层上设有示温装置。The technical solution to achieve the above technical problems is: a photovoltaic module with a temperature display effect, including an ultra-white low-iron tempered glass layer, a first EVA layer, a solar cell layer, a second EVA layer, a back The board layers are laminated at high temperature to form a whole, and a temperature display device is arranged on the back board layer.
作为优选，所述示温装置为涂覆在背板层上的示温涂层。Preferably, the temperature display device is a temperature display coating coated on the back plate layer.
所述示温涂层为单变色可逆示温涂层或多变色可逆示温涂层。The temperature-indicating coating is a single color-changing reversible temperature-indicating coating or a multi-color-changing reversible temperature-indicating coating.
所述示温涂层的成分为无机可逆示温材料或有机可逆示温材料或液晶可逆示温材料。The composition of the temperature-indicating coating is an inorganic reversible temperature-indicating material, an organic reversible temperature-indicating material or a liquid crystal reversible temperature-indicating material.
作为另外一种优选方式，所述示温装置为贴在背板层的示温贴片。As another preferred manner, the temperature display device is a temperature display patch attached to the backplane layer.
所述示温贴片为单变色可逆示温贴片或多变色可逆示温贴片。The temperature-indicating patch is a single-color reversible temperature-indicating patch or a multi-color reversible temperature-indicating patch.
所述示温贴片的成分为无机可逆示温材料或有机可逆示温材料或液晶可逆示温材料。The composition of the temperature display patch is an inorganic reversible temperature display material, an organic reversible temperature display material or a liquid crystal reversible temperature display material.
所述背板层的材料为钢化玻璃、TPT、PET或TPE复合膜中的一种。The material of the back plate layer is one of toughened glass, TPT, PET or TPE composite film.
与现有技术相比，由于本实用新型在组件背板上另外附加了具有示温功能的可逆示温涂层或可逆示温贴片，此示温材料具有温度跨度大、间隔小、色差明显、精度高的特点，只要组件在工作过程中温度发生了变化，背板上的示温材料也会发生相应的颜色变化，不同的颜色代表不同的温度区间，通过具体的颜色，就能判断组件各部位的实际温度，对于一些异常情况如局部过热现象等就能作出更准确的判断，及时采取相应的措施。可以实现对组件中各区域温度的实时监控，由于示温材料是可逆型的，当组件温度恢复到室温时，示温材料的颜色也会恢复到原来的颜色，因此可以通过示温材料对组件进行长期的温度监控。另外本实用新型结构简单，非常适宜推广。Compared with the prior art, since the utility model additionally adds a reversible temperature-indicating coating or a reversible temperature-indicating patch on the back plate of the module, the temperature-indicating material has the characteristics of large temperature span, small interval, obvious color difference and high precision. Features, as long as the temperature of the component changes during the working process, the temperature-indicating material on the back panel will also change in color accordingly. Different colors represent different temperature ranges. Through specific colors, the actual temperature of each part of the component can be judged , For some abnormal situations such as local overheating, more accurate judgments can be made, and corresponding measures can be taken in time. Real-time monitoring of the temperature of each area in the component can be realized. Since the temperature-indicating material is reversible, when the temperature of the component returns to room temperature, the color of the temperature-indicating material will also return to the original color, so the component can be monitored for a long time through the temperature-indicating material. temperature monitoring. In addition, the utility model has a simple structure and is very suitable for popularization.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1：一种具有示温效应的太阳能光伏组件结构示意图。Figure 1: A schematic diagram of the structure of a solar photovoltaic module with a temperature-indicating effect.
图1中，1为超白低铁钢化玻璃，21为第一EVA层，22为第二EVA层，3为太阳能电池片，4为背板层，5为示温涂层。In Fig. 1, 1 is ultra-white low-iron tempered glass, 21 is the first EVA layer, 22 is the second EVA layer, 3 is the solar battery sheet, 4 is the back sheet layer, and 5 is the temperature-indicating coating.
具体实施方式：Detailed ways:
下面结合附图对本实用新型做进一步的详细说明。Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail.
如图1所示，一种具有示温效应的太阳能光伏组件，包括由上到下层叠排布的超白低铁钢化玻璃层1、第一EVA层21、太阳能电池层3、第二EVA层22、背板层4，上述组件经高温层压后形成一个整体。具体的组件工艺步骤为：在敷设工作台首先放置一块超白低铁钢化玻璃，其上平铺一层EVA，在上述的EVA上平铺串焊好的太阳能电池片，再在太阳能电池片上平铺一层EVA，最后在EVA上放置背板。接着将整个敷设件放入全自动层压机在真空高温状态下进行层压，使其中的EVA在高温固化，从而形成一个整体的层压件，最后在背板层4上装设示温装置。所述背板层4的材料为钢化玻璃、TPT、PET或TPE复合膜中的一种。对组件安装铝合金边框，就得到了具有示温效应的光伏组件。所述示温装置可以为涂覆在背板层4上的示温涂层5。所述示温涂层优选为单变色可逆示温涂层或多变色可逆示温涂层。所述示温装置为贴在背板层4的示温贴片。示温贴片可以为单变色可逆示温贴片或多变色可逆示温贴片。所述示温涂层或示温贴片的成分优选为无机可逆示温材料或有机可逆示温材料或液晶可逆示温材料。As shown in Figure 1, a solar photovoltaic module with a temperature display effect, including an ultra-white low-iron
在太阳光照射下，由于光伏组件只能将部分太阳能转换为电能，不能转换的能量则被太阳能电池吸收并使其发热。随着太阳辐射强度的逐渐增加，太阳能电池的温度也逐渐升高。由于背板层表面的示温涂层或示温贴片是直接跟背板接触的，太阳能电池的温度变化将会直接被示温涂层检测到，示温涂层将发生相应的颜色变化，因此根据颜色我们就能非常直观地判断此时组件各部分的温度。如果组件中某块电池片有缺陷或受到外来因素的影响，如出现电池片裂纹，或局部被遮光，或者与其它电池片失配较大，这些情况将导致局部过热，此块电池片的温度将明显高于其它电池片，其对应位置的示温涂层颜色也将与组件其它部分的有明显区别，这样我们就能快速找到此块有问题的电池片，防止热斑效应对组件的不利影响。Under the sunlight, since the photovoltaic module can only convert part of the solar energy into electrical energy, the energy that cannot be converted is absorbed by the solar cell and makes it generate heat. As the intensity of solar radiation gradually increases, the temperature of the solar cell also gradually increases. Since the temperature-indicating coating or the temperature-indicating patch on the surface of the backplane layer is directly in contact with the backplane, the temperature change of the solar cell will be directly detected by the temperature-indicating coating, and the temperature-indicating coating will have a corresponding color change, so according to the color we It is very intuitive to judge the temperature of each part of the component at this time. If a cell in the module is defective or affected by external factors, such as cell cracks, partial shading, or a large mismatch with other cells, these conditions will lead to local overheating, and the temperature of this cell It will be obviously higher than other cells, and the color of the temperature-indicating coating at the corresponding position will also be significantly different from that of other parts of the module, so that we can quickly find the problematic cell and prevent the adverse effect of the hot spot effect on the module .
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| CN104022737A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-09-03 | 常州亿晶光电科技有限公司 | Method for testing moisture resistance of solar photovoltaic component |
| CN106221594A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2016-12-14 | 中天光伏材料有限公司 | A kind of heat discoloration photovoltaic module |
| CN106992264A (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2017-07-28 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | OLED display panel, preparation method and temperature abnormality detection method |
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| CN103326298A (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2013-09-25 | 国家电网公司 | Electric power fittings applied to overhead line |
| CN104022737A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-09-03 | 常州亿晶光电科技有限公司 | Method for testing moisture resistance of solar photovoltaic component |
| CN106221594A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2016-12-14 | 中天光伏材料有限公司 | A kind of heat discoloration photovoltaic module |
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