CN201674379U - Complementary Flux Switching Hybrid Excitation Linear Motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model proposes a complementary magnetic flux switching hybrid excitation linear motor, which includes a stator and a mover. Both the stator and the mover are salient pole structures with an air gap between them. The mover includes 2m E-type modules, where m is the number of phases of the motor. The relative displacement between two E-type modules in the same phase is λ ₁ =(n±1/2)τ _s , and the relative displacement between two E-type modules in out-of-phase is λ ₂ =(j±1/m)τ _s , τ _s is the stator pole pitch, n and j are both positive integers. Among them, each E-shaped module includes two U-shaped magnetically conductive teeth, permanent magnets, armature windings and excitation windings. Two U-shaped magnetic teeth are connected by a magnetic bridge. The excitation winding is arranged on the tooth tips of the U-shaped magnetically conductive teeth, and covers the two tooth tips. The utility model proposes a magnetic bridge structure in the linear motor, which provides an additional path for the excitation winding, so that the reluctance of the electric excitation magnetic field circuit is reduced, and the magnetic field of the armature winding chain can be greatly reduced with a small excitation current. pass, strong magnetic field weakening capability and high efficiency.

Description

Complementary Flux Switching Hybrid Excitation Linear Motor

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of motor manufacture, and in particular relates to a hybrid excitation linear motor with complementary modular winding and structure.

Background technique

The motor is the main part of the transmission system, and a reasonable selection of the motor can improve the performance and efficiency of the entire system. In linear applications, traditional rotary motors require certain mechanical transmission components to convert rotary motion into linear motion. This brings many problems, such as bulky system, increased weight, high noise, increased maintenance costs, and in rail transit applications, wheel-rail slippage will occur if the speed is too high. Therefore, the technical means of replacing the rotary motor with a linear motor can overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the rotary motor in this application and improve the efficiency of the entire system.

With the development of power electronics and magnetic materials, permanent magnet brushless motors have developed rapidly. This type of motor has the advantages of high efficiency and high power density. Its corresponding rectilinear structure has also been extensively studied. The traditional permanent magnet linear synchronous motor has the dual advantages of permanent magnet motor and linear motor. Compared with the linear induction motor, the permanent magnet linear synchronous motor has high power index, small size, light weight, and has the function of generating brake. However, since the permanent magnets and armature windings of traditional permanent magnet motors are installed in the primary and secondary respectively, and the cost of both permanent magnets and armatures is high, it will undoubtedly lead to increased system costs in long stator applications such as rail transit .

At present, the flux-switching permanent magnet motor with bipolar flux linkage, which is hot in the world, has a high power density. The permanent magnets and armature windings are placed on the stator, and the rotor has no windings, brushes, and permanent The magnet is only a magnetic core material, which has the advantages of high power density, simple structure, easy heat dissipation, and high reliability. For its linear structure, the stator of the rotating structure can be used as the primary mover, which is composed of permanent magnets and windings, while the mover of the rotating structure is used as the secondary long stator, which is only composed of magnetically permeable materials. Therefore, the motor with this structure is in the Long stator applications can greatly reduce system cost. However, the magnetic field of traditional flux switching permanent magnet linear motors is only provided by permanent magnets, so it is difficult to adjust the excitation and the speed range is limited.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a complementary magnetic flux switching hybrid excitation linear motor, each phase winding of the motor has symmetric complementarity, and the back EMF waveform of the motor is symmetrical and sinusoidal; the complementarity of its structure is greatly reduced or even offset Positioning force of the motor. The excitation method adopts the combination of permanent magnet and electric excitation, which has strong magnetic field weakening ability and wide range of constant power speed regulation.

The utility model proposes a complementary magnetic flux switching hybrid excitation linear motor, which includes a stator and a mover. Both the stator and the mover are salient pole structures with an air gap between them. The mover includes 2m E-type modules, where m is the number of phases of the motor. Non-magnetic materials are filled between two adjacent E-type modules. The relative displacement between two E-type modules in the same phase is λ ₁ =(n±1/2)τ _s , and the relative displacement between two E-type modules in out-of-phase is λ ₂ =(j±1/m)τ _s , τ _s is the stator pole pitch, n and j are both positive integers. Among them, each E-shaped module includes two U-shaped magnetically conductive teeth, permanent magnets, armature windings and excitation windings. The two U-shaped magnetic teeth are connected by a magnetic bridge. The permanent magnets are arranged between the U-shaped magnetically conductive teeth. The armature windings are arranged in the slots of each E-shaped module and cover the permanent magnets. The excitation winding is arranged on the tooth tips of the U-shaped magnetically conductive teeth, and covers the two tooth tips.

In the present utility model, the mover includes 2m or 4m field windings connected in series. The air-gap magnetic field in the utility model is generated by the joint action of the permanent magnet and the excitation winding, and the magnetic flux of the adjustment winding can be flexibly changed by adjusting the current of the excitation winding, and has a wide range of constant power speed regulation.

In the utility model, the outer top of the U-shaped magnetic teeth has a chamfer α, and α is 0° to 90°, and the top ends of two adjacent U-shaped magnetic teeth are formed by the chamfer α. The utility model breaks through the limitation of the shape of the permanent magnet and teeth in the traditional linear motor, and this structure ensures that when the width of the permanent magnet changes flexibly according to the needs, the width of the middle part of the mover teeth is greater than the width of the tooth tips. It can avoid the relatively saturated magnetic flux density in the middle part of the mover teeth and cause the large reluctance in the middle part of the tooth, increase the magnetic flux density of the tooth tip and the air gap, increase the amplitude of the back electromotive force, save permanent magnet materials, and reduce system costs.

In the utility model, the concentrated windings in the same-phase E-type modules are connected in series.

In the utility model, the stator is made of magnetically conductive material. Since there is neither permanent magnet nor winding on the stator, it is only composed of low-priced magnetically permeable materials, which makes the utility model especially suitable for linear motors with long stator structures and applications requiring wide-range speed regulation, such as urban rail transit linear motors, etc. .

The utility model has a simple and firm structure, has strong output thrust, high power density and large speed regulation range, and takes into account the high power density of the complementary modular permanent magnet linear motor, flexible and symmetrical structure, and strong fault tolerance. , Symmetrical sinusoidal back EMF, simple stator structure and other advantages.

The utility model adopts a high-performance permanent magnet material and a mixed excitation method of a DC excitation winding, and proposes a magnetic bridge structure in a flux switching type permanent magnet linear motor to provide an additional path for the excitation winding, so that the reluctance of the electric excitation magnetic field circuit is reduced. Small, the magnetic flux of the armature winding turn chain can be greatly reduced with a small excitation current, the magnetic field weakening ability is strong, and the efficiency is high. The motor of the utility model inherits the structure and performance advantages of the complementary modular magnetic flux switching linear motor, and at the same time flexibly controls the magnetic field in the air gap, so that the motor has a wide constant power and weak magnetic capacity, and is especially suitable for rail transit And other occasions that need to change the speed flexibly.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a complementary magnetic flux switching hybrid excitation linear motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a complementary magnetic flux switching hybrid excitation linear motor according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments will be described in detail below together with the accompanying drawings.

In order to illustrate the structural features and operating principle of the present utility model, a three-phase motor is used as an example below to illustrate.

Example 1:

As shown in Figure 1, the complementary magnetic flux switching hybrid excitation linear motor provided by the utility model is composed of a stator 10 and a mover 11 with an air gap between them. As shown in the figure, both the stator 10 and the mover 11 adopt a salient pole structure. Wherein, there is neither permanent magnet nor winding on the stator 10, but only magnetically permeable material.

The mover 11 is composed of 2m E-shaped modules 110, and a non-magnetic material 111 is filled between two adjacent E-shaped modules. As shown in the figure, the relative displacement between two in-phase E-type modules (such as A1 phase and A2 phase) is λ ₁ =(n±1/2)τ _s , and two out-of-phase E-type modules (such as A1 phase and The relative displacement between phase B1 or between phase B1 and phase C1) is λ ₂ =(j±1/m)τ _s , where τ _s is the pole pitch of the stator, and n and j are both positive integers. In this embodiment, m=3, that is, the motor has three phases A, B and C shown in the figure.

Further, each E-shaped module 110 is composed of two U-shaped magnetic permeable teeth 112 , a permanent magnet 113 , an armature winding 114 and an excitation winding 115 . As shown in Figure 1, the two U-shaped magnetic teeth 112 in the E-shaped module 110 are connected by a magnetic bridge 116, and the magnetic bridge 116 can provide an additional path for the excitation winding 115, so that the magnetic resistance of the electric excitation magnetic field circuit is reduced. , The magnetic flux of the 114-turn link of the armature winding can be greatly reduced with a small excitation current, the magnetic field weakening ability is strong, and the efficiency is high.

As shown in Figure 1, the outer top of the U-shaped magnetic teeth 112 has a chamfer α, and α ranges from 0° to 90°. The tops of two adjacent U-shaped magnetic teeth 112 are notched by the chamfer α. The tooth shapes of the U-shaped magnetically permeable teeth 112 are the same. The permanent magnet 113 is disposed between the two U-shaped magnetic permeable teeth 112 . When the width of the permanent magnet 113 changes, the angle between the edge of the tooth tip of the mover and the bottom of the permanent magnet 113 changes from 0° to 90° without affecting the ratio of the width of the tooth tip of the mover to the pole pitch of the mover. The variation of the thickness of the magnet affects the sine degree of the back EMF waveform, and at the same time achieves the purpose that the width of the middle part of the mover teeth is greater than the width of the tooth tips.

The armature winding 114 is placed in the two slots of the E-shaped module 110 and covers the permanent magnet 113 and the adjacent U-shaped magnetic teeth 112 . The excitation winding 115 is disposed at the tooth tips of the U-shaped magnetic permeable teeth 112 and covers the two tooth tips. In this embodiment, there are two groups of identical E-type modules 110 in each phase, and the windings in the first group of E-type modules 110 in different phases (that is, A1, B1, C1 in the figure) are referred to below as The first winding, the winding in the second group (ie A2, B2, C2 in the figure) is called the second winding.

Specifically, the armature winding in phase A is composed of the first armature winding in A1 and the second armature winding in A2 in series, and the relative displacement between the E-type modules 110 in phase A1 and phase A2 is λ ₁ = (n±1/2)τ _s . The concentrated windings 114 on phases B and C are connected in the same way as phase A, and the sequential phase difference displacement between two adjacent E-type modules 110 corresponding to the three-phase windings is λ ₂ =(j±1/m)τ _s , where τ _s is the stator pole pitch, n, j are integers greater than zero.

The mover 11 includes 12 (4m) or 6 (2m) excitation windings 115, each excitation winding 115 straddles the groove below the permanent magnet 113 and the non-magnetic material 111, and is covered with U-shaped magnetic teeth 112 Two prongs. In this embodiment, the complementary magnetic flux switching hybrid excitation linear motor includes 12 field windings 115 connected in series. If the left end of the excitation winding 115 in Fig. 1 is defined as the positive direction when the left end flows into the paper and the right end flows out of the paper, then the 12 excitation windings 115 are connected in series according to the following winding order: positive (115A), negative (115B), negative (115C ), positive (115D), positive (115E), negative (115F), negative (115G), positive (115H), positive (115I), negative (115J), negative (115K), positive (115L).

If 6 (2m) excitation windings 115 are included, they are divided into the following four connection modes: 1): positive (115A), negative (115C), positive (115E), negative (115G), positive (115I), negative ( 115K). 2): negative (115B), positive (115D), negative (115F), positive (115H), negative (115J), positive (115L). 3): positive (115A), positive (115D), positive (115E), positive (115H), positive (115I), positive (115L). 4): negative (115B), negative (115C), negative (115F), negative (115G), negative (115J), negative (115K).

According to the above winding method, after the DC excitation current is passed in, the magnetic flux provided by the field winding is opposite to the magnetic flux provided by the permanent magnet, thereby reducing the magnetic flux of the armature winding turn chain. When the current direction is changed, the magnetic flux provided by the field winding The flux is the same as that provided by the permanent magnets, thereby increasing the flux in the chain of turns of the armature winding. Due to the existence of the magnetic bridge, an extra circuit is provided for the excitation winding, which ensures that the magnetic flux of the winding chain is weakened with a small current, and the efficiency of the motor is improved.

Example 2:

As shown in Figure 2, the difference between the complementary magnetic flux switching hybrid excitation linear motor in this embodiment and that in Embodiment 1 is that the first armature winding in A1 and the second armature winding in A2 of phase A are located Adjacent placement of two E-type modules. The displacement of the two E-type modules relative to the stator is also λ ₁ =(n±1/2)τ _s , thus forming a complementary symmetrical structure. Phase B and Phase C have the same structure as phase A. The displacement of the E-type module where the A, B, and C three-phase windings are located relative to the stator is λ ₂ =(j±1/m)τ _s in order, where τ _s is the pole pitch of the stator, and n and j are both positive integers. Other structures and characteristics are the same as in Example 1.

The specific implementation cases described in the utility model are only preferred implementation examples of the utility model, and are not used to limit the implementation scope of the utility model. That is, all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the content of the patent scope of the utility model should be regarded as the technical category of the utility model.

Claims (5)

1. a complementary type magnetic flux switches hybrid excited linear motor, comprises stator and mover, and described stator and mover are salient-pole structure, and have air gap between the two, it is characterized in that, described mover comprises 2m E pattern piece, and m is the number of phases of motor; Fill non-magnet material between adjacent two E pattern pieces; Relative displacement between the homophase two E pattern pieces is λ ₁=(n ± 1/2) τ _s, the relative displacement between the out-phase two E pattern pieces is λ ₂=(the τ of j ± 1/m) _s, τ _sBe the stator poles distance, n, j is positive integer; Each E pattern piece comprises:

2 U type magnetic teeth are connected by the magnetic conduction bridge between the two;

Permanent magnet is arranged between the U type magnetic teeth;

Armature winding is arranged in the groove of each E pattern piece, and entangles described permanent magnet; And

Excitation winding is arranged at the crown portion of described U type magnetic teeth, and entangles two crowns.

2. complementary type magnetic flux according to claim 1 switches hybrid excited linear motor, it is characterized in that, described mover comprises 2m or 4m excitation winding of connecting mutually.

3. complementary type magnetic flux according to claim 1 switches hybrid excited linear motor, it is characterized in that the top, the outside of described U type magnetic teeth has chamfering α, and α gets 0 °～90 °, and the top of two adjacent U type magnetic teeth constitutes recess by chamfering α.

4. complementary type magnetic flux according to claim 1 switches hybrid excited linear motor, it is characterized in that the concentrated winding in the homophase E pattern piece is cascaded mutually.

5. complementary type magnetic flux according to claim 1 switches hybrid excited linear motor, it is characterized in that described stator is a permeability magnetic material.

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