CN201617821U - Electronic auscultation sphygmomanometer based on the combination of Korotkoff sound method and oscillometric method - Google Patents

Abstract

The electronic auscultation sphygmomanometer based on the combination of the Korotkoff sound method and the oscillometric method relates to a sphygmomanometer, which solves the problems that the manual auscultation type sphygmomanometer is inconvenient to carry, the Korotkoff sound auscultation method is difficult to operate, and is easily affected by the environment. The electronic auscultation sphygmomanometer consists of a cuff with a built-in air bag, a pickup, an air pressure sensor, a signal processing unit, an inflation/deflation unit, a human-computer interaction unit and a microprocessor; the microprocessor controls the inflation/deflation unit to inflate the cuff Or deflate, after the air pressure signal obtained by the air pressure sensor and the Korotkoff sound signal obtained by the pickup are processed by the signal processing unit, the microprocessor first uses the oscillometric method to obtain the range of blood pressure values, and then uses the threshold method to search within the above range The Korotkoff sound signal is used to obtain the final blood pressure value, which is finally displayed by the control human-computer interface. The utility model can guarantee the stability and accuracy of the measurement result at the same time, and can be used in the field of blood pressure measurement.

Description

Electronic auscultation sphygmomanometer based on the combination of Korotkoff sound method and oscillometric method

technical field

The utility model relates to a sphygmomanometer.

Background technique

At present, hypertension has become an important factor endangering public health all over the world, and the number of hypertensive patients in my country is as high as 13% of the total population of our country, most of whom are middle-aged and elderly people. Hypertensive patients need to measure blood pressure frequently so as to take antihypertensive drugs reasonably for treatment. Therefore, convenient and accurate blood pressure measurement is the key to the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension.

Existing sphygmomanometer mainly contains two classes, and a class is the artificial auscultation type sphygmomanometer widely used in hospital, and another kind is the oscillometric electronic sphygmomanometer widely used in family.

Manual auscultation sphygmomanometers are mainly divided into mercury column (mercury column) sphygmomanometers and pointer sphygmomanometers. The measurement mechanism of this type of sphygmomanometer is the Korotkoff sound auscultation method, that is, the upper arm blood vessels are compressed by an inflatable cuff connected to a pressure gauge. During the deflation process, the doctor monitors the Korotkoff sound produced by the upper arm artery through a stethoscope, and observes the pressure gauge to judge the systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The Korotkoff sound auscultation method is a blood pressure measurement technical standard recognized by the World Health Organization, the International Hypertension League and other associations, and is also a measurement method widely recognized by hospitals and doctors. Its measurement results are regarded as the gold standard for the diagnosis and classification of clinical hypertension. However, the measurement process of the manual auscultation sphygmomanometer is relatively complicated, and the measurement results are easily affected by factors such as environmental noise, hearing sensitivity, and deflation speed. People are difficult to use this type of sphygmomanometer, therefore, artificial auscultation type sphygmomanometer is difficult to be adopted by extensive family.

The oscillometric electronic sphygmomanometer, its measurement mechanism is the oscillometric method (also known as the shock wave method), that is, the pressure sensor is used to obtain the fluctuation of the cuff air pressure (pulse wave) during the inflation or deflation process, and the relationship between the pulse wave amplitude and blood pressure Blood pressure measurement is achieved indirectly. This type of electronic sphygmomanometer is easy to operate and has high stability and consistency in measurement results. It is often used for home self-test, and its measurement results can be used as a reference for blood pressure diagnosis. However, the fatal shortcoming of the oscillometric electronic sphygmomanometer is the poor accuracy and low reliability of the measurement results, usually only satisfying the error of less than 10 mm Hg, and this error will lead to a large number of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. Because the oscillometric method indirectly realizes the blood pressure measurement through the pulse wave, and the pulse wave is directly affected by factors such as the hardness of the blood vessel wall and the condition of the heart valve, the individual differences of the subjects will lead to inherent errors in the measurement results, and the arm Muscle twitching or human activities will affect the amplitude of the pulse wave, resulting in inaccurate measurement results. Therefore, the oscillometric electronic sphygmomanometer can only be used as a reference for blood pressure measurement. In some European and American countries, hospitals are prohibited by law from using this type of sphygmomanometer. The results serve as the basis for disease diagnosis.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to solve the problems that the artificial auscultation type sphygmomanometer is inconvenient to carry, the Korotkoff sound auscultation method is not easy to operate, and is easily affected by the environment, and the problem that the oscillometric electronic sphygmomanometer has a large measurement error provides a An electronic auscultation sphygmomanometer combining the sonorous method and the oscillometric method.

An electronic auscultation sphygmomanometer based on the combination of the Korotkoff sound method and the oscillometric method, which consists of a cuff, a pickup, an air pressure sensor, a signal processing unit, an inflation/deflation unit, a human-computer interaction unit and a microprocessor. Built-in air bag, the air bag communicates with the inflation/deflation unit through the air guide tube. The Korotkoff sound signal output end of the signal processing unit is connected to the Korotkoff sound signal input end of the signal processing unit, the signal output end of the signal processing unit is connected to the signal input end of the microprocessor, and the inflation control signal output end of the microprocessor is connected to the inflation/deflation unit The inflation control signal input end of the microprocessor, the deflation control signal output end of the microprocessor is connected to the deflation control signal input end of the inflation/deflation unit, and the data communication end of the human-computer interaction unit is connected to the data communication end of the microprocessor.

Positive effects of the utility model: the electronic auscultation sphygmomanometer of the utility model combines the Korotkoff sound method with the oscillometric method to ensure the stability and accuracy of the measurement results. The electronic sphygmomanometer has low cost, simple operation and anti-interference Strong ability, conducive to practical use.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an electronic auscultation sphygmomanometer of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an electronic auscultation sphygmomanometer including an air pump, an electronic valve and a throttle valve.

Detailed ways

Specific embodiment one : the electronic auscultation sphygmomanometer based on the combination of Korotkoff sound method and oscillometric method of the present embodiment, it is made of cuff 1, pickup 2, air pressure sensor 3, signal processing unit 4, inflation/deflation unit 5, The human-computer interaction unit 6 and the microprocessor 7 are composed, the cuff 1 has a built-in air bag, and the air bag communicates with the inflation/deflation unit 5 through the air guide tube, and is characterized in that the air bag also communicates with the air pressure sensor 3 through the air guide tube, The air pressure signal output end of the air pressure sensor 3 is connected to the air pressure signal input end of the signal processing unit 4, the Korotkoff sound signal output end of the pickup 2 is connected to the Korotkoff sound signal input end of the signal processing unit 4, and the signal output end of the signal processing unit 4 Connect the signal input end of the microprocessor 7, the inflation control signal output end of the microprocessor 7 is connected to the inflation control signal input end of the inflation/deflation unit 5, and the deflation control signal output end of the microprocessor 7 is connected to the inflation/deflation The deflation control signal input end of the unit 5 and the data communication end of the human-computer interaction unit 6 are connected to the data communication end of the microprocessor 7 . See Figure 1.

A sound sensor is built in the sound pickup 2, and the sound sensor is a microphone or piezoelectric ceramics.

Referring to Fig. 2, the inflation/deflation unit 5 in this embodiment is composed of an air pump 51, a solenoid valve 52 and a throttle valve 53; the inflation control signal input end of the air pump 51 is connected to the inflation control signal output end of the microprocessor 7 , and the air outlet of the air pump 51 is connected with the air bag of the cuff 1 through the air guide tube, and the air inlet of the air pump 51 is emptied; the deflation control signal input end of the solenoid valve 52 is connected to the deflation control signal output end of the microprocessor One end of the electromagnetic valve 52 communicates with the air bag of the cuff 1 through the air guide tube, and the other end of the electromagnetic valve 52 is emptied; one end of the throttle valve 53 communicates with the air bag of the cuff 1 through the air guide tube, and the throttle valve 53 The other end is empty.

The function of the inflation/deflation unit 5 is to inflate and deflate the cuff 1. In consideration of cost reduction, the inflation/deflation unit 5 can also use a general-purpose rubber ball to inflate or deflate the cuff manually. gas.

The cuff 1 and the pickup 2 can be customized as one, that is, the pickup 2 is connected to the cuff 1, and the pickup 2 is located at the lower edge of the cuff 1, at this time, the cuff 1 and the pickup 2 are worn on the subject as a whole On the arm; cuff 1 and pickup 2 can also be worn separately.

When applying this embodiment for blood pressure measurement, the cuff 1 needs to be worn on the upper arm of the subject; the pickup 2 needs to be placed above the arteries of the subject's upper arm, and the sound sensor in the pickup 2 is used to replace the traditional The human ear in the Korotkoff sound method is used to obtain the Korotkoff sound signal produced by the upper arm artery of the subject; the air pressure sensor 3 is used to replace the mercury column manometer or pointer manometer in the traditional Korotkoff sound method, To perceive the air pressure signal in the air bag of the cuff 1 and the pulse wave signal of the person to be measured; the inflation/deflation unit 5 is used to replace the rubber ball in the traditional Korotkoff sound method, under the control of the microprocessor 7 , to realize the automatic inflation or automatic deflation of the airbag of the cuff 1; the human-computer interaction unit 6 is used for inputting operation instructions and displaying measurement results;

The working principle of this embodiment is: the operator starts or ends the automatic blood pressure measurement through the human-computer interaction unit 6; the microprocessor 7 controls the inflation/deflation unit 5, and inflates and deflates the airbag of the cuff 1 through the airway tube; The cuff 1 communicates with the air pressure sensor 3 through the air guide tube. During inflation and deflation, the air pressure sensor 3 converts the air pressure signal into a pneumatic electrical signal and transmits it to the signal processing unit 4. The signal processed by the signal processing unit 4 is processed by the microprocessor. 7 samples; the sound sensor in the pickup 2 converts the Korotkoff sound signal into a Korotkoff sound electrical signal and transmits it to the signal processing unit 4, and the signal processed by the signal processing unit 4 is sampled by the microprocessor 7; 7. The blood pressure value is obtained after calculating the sampled signal; the measurement result is displayed on the man-machine interface controlled by the microprocessor.

Among them, in the process of obtaining the blood pressure value after the microprocessor 7 performs calculations on the sampled signals, the oscillometric method is firstly used to roughly measure the blood pressure value to obtain the interval range of the systolic blood pressure and the diastolic blood pressure, and then in this Within the interval range, the Korotkoff sound signal is searched by the threshold method to find the appearance point and disappearance point of the Korotkoff sound, and the corresponding air pressure values are systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. If the measurement is normal, the appearance point and disappearance point of the Korotkoff sound should be in the middle of the interval range, and the blood pressure value displayed at this time is reliable; if the appearance point or disappearance point of the Korotkoff sound is close to the edge of the interval range, it indicates that the If the displayed blood pressure value is not very reliable, you can automatically adjust the Korotkoff sound filter coefficient, filter the Korotkoff sound signal again and search again. If it is still at the edge of the interval, you can use the program error judgment mechanism to remind the user that the measurement result is credible Inaccurate or incorrect measurement.

The human-computer interaction unit 6 adopts a dot-matrix liquid crystal display and scrolls to dynamically display the waveforms of the pulse wave signal and the Korotkoff sound signal. During the measurement process, the body movement of the subject may cause inaccurate blood pressure measurement results, and the movement of the arm will cause the waveform to be deformed or even cluttered. The waveform display function is designed to remind the subject to maintain the correct measurement posture, thereby improving the success rate of blood pressure measurement. Determine the blood pressure value.

The electronic auscultation sphygmomanometer of this embodiment can realize multiple advanced digital signal processing methods and fault-tolerant mechanisms due to the use of a microprocessor, effectively improving the anti-interference ability and indication reliability of the sphygmomanometer. In addition, the electronic auscultation sphygmomanometer of this embodiment can greatly improve the performance compared with the conventional electronic sphygmomanometer only by adding an inexpensive sound pickup.

The utility model adopts the method of combining the oscillometric method and the Korotkoff sound method to measure the blood pressure, complements the advantages of the two, and can simultaneously ensure the stability and accuracy of the measurement results. There are errors in the blood pressure measured by the oscillometric method, but the measurement results are relatively stable, while the Korotkoff sound method is the opposite. Noise interference may cause errors in the Korotkoff sound method measurement, but because the Korotkoff sound method only judges whether the sound appears or disappears Obtain systolic and diastolic blood pressure, if the measurement is correct, the measurement is accurate. Since the Korotkoff-sound method is widely familiar and recognized by doctors, and is also the gold standard for clinical disease diagnosis, the results measured by the Korotkoff-sound method can be used as a standard for clinical disease diagnosis. In addition, the entire measurement time of this embodiment is short. In step 2, the oscillometric method is used to carry out preliminary blood pressure measurement during the inflation process of the airbag, so that different maximum inflation pressures can be automatically adjusted for different people. The sound method judges the occurrence point of the diastolic pressure in real time, and once the diastolic pressure is found, it will quickly deflate. The above-mentioned intelligent flushing and deflation effectively shortens the measurement time and reduces the pain of the user.

Claims (3)

1. An electronic auscultation sphygmomanometer based on the combination of the Korotkoff sound method and the oscillometric method, which consists of a cuff (1), a pickup (2), an air pressure sensor (3), a signal processing unit (4), an inflation/deflation unit ( 5), consisting of a human-computer interaction unit (6) and a microprocessor (7), the cuff (1) has a built-in air bag, and the air bag communicates with the inflation/deflation unit (5) through an air guide tube, which is characterized in that the air bag It is also connected to the air pressure sensor (3) through the air guide tube, the air pressure signal output end of the air pressure sensor (3) is connected to the air pressure signal input end of the signal processing unit (4), and the Korotkoff sound signal output end of the pickup (2) is connected to the signal The Korotkoff sound signal input terminal of the processing unit (4), the signal output terminal of the signal processing unit (4) is connected to the signal input terminal of the microprocessor (7), and the inflation control signal output terminal of the microprocessor (7) is connected to the inflation/ The inflation control signal input end of the deflation unit (5), the deflation control signal output end of the microprocessor (7) is connected to the deflation control signal input end of the inflation/deflation unit (5), and the human-computer interaction unit (6) The data communication end of the microprocessor (7) is connected with the data communication end. 2. The electronic auscultation sphygmomanometer based on the combination of the Korotkoff sound method and the oscillometric method according to claim 1, characterized in that the sound sensor is built into the pickup (2), and the sound sensor is a microphone or a piezoelectric ceramic . 3. The electronic auscultation sphygmomanometer based on the combination of the Korotkoff sound method and the oscillometric method according to claim 1, characterized in that the inflation/deflation unit (5) is composed of an air pump (51), a solenoid valve (52) and throttle valve (53); the inflation control signal input end of the air pump (51) is connected to the inflation control signal output end of the microprocessor (7), and the air outlet of the air pump (51) is connected to the airbag of the cuff (1) The air inlet of the air pump (51) is emptied through the air guide tube; the deflation control signal input end of the solenoid valve (52) is connected to the deflation control signal output end of the microprocessor; the solenoid valve (52) One end communicates with the air bag of the cuff (1) through the air guide tube, and the other end of the solenoid valve (52) is emptied; one end of the throttle valve (53) communicates with the air bag of the cuff (1) through the air guide tube, and the throttle valve The other end of (53) is vented. the

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