CN201606031U - A single-hydraulic cylinder drive ram blowout preventer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a blowout preventer driven by a single-liquid cylinder, which comprises a casing, which is rectangular, and is provided with a vertical main diameter, and a vertical main diameter is arranged inside the entire casing. There is a gate assembly in the cavity, and there are side doors on both sides of the main diameter, and a single-cylinder drive assembly is installed through each side door, and two single-cylinder drive assemblies are connected from both sides The gate plate assembly is connected, and the side door is connected with the housing through a bolt assembly. The device of the utility model adopts the step-shaped liquid cylinder and piston to form opening, closing and intermediate chambers. Due to the effect of the intermediate chamber, the opening force and the hydraulic oil volume used for opening the gate are reduced, and the structure is simple. , reasonable layout, low production cost and flexible use.

Description

A single-hydraulic cylinder drive ram blowout preventer

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of petroleum drilling equipment, and relates to a blowout preventer driven by a single liquid cylinder.

Background technique

The ram blowout preventer relies on the hydraulic oil provided by the hydraulic control system to enter the hydraulic cylinder to push the piston to close and open the ram. The thrust is determined by the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic control system and the area of the piston itself. When the well pressure required for sealing is higher When the hydraulic oil pressure from the hydraulic control system or the area of the piston is larger, the ram can be tightly closed (including the shear force of the shear ram, that is, the ability to shear the drilling tool in the well) and Seal well pressure. Since the pressure of the current hydraulic control system is up to 21MPa, when the thrust needs to be increased, the only way to increase the area of action of the hydraulic cylinder piston is to increase. The hydraulic cylinder of the existing ram blowout preventer is divided into two chambers by a piston, which is opened and closed. Since opening and closing require a lot of force, the hydraulic oil required for opening and closing the chamber As a result, when designing ram preventers for high-pressure wells and drilling tools that need to be sheared, due to the large size of the piston and the large size of the corresponding hydraulic cylinder, the designed ram The BOP size is high, and the piston size is large at the same time, resulting in a large amount of hydraulic oil required to close and open the cylinder.

Usually, the ram BOP is driven by hydraulic pressure. Although most of the ram BOPs are directly connected with hydraulic pumps or other hydraulic devices, in some occasions (such as underwater BOPs), it is required to have sufficient storage space near the ram BOP. Hydraulic energy with a certain pressure (there is a liquid with pressure in the accumulator cylinder bottle) so that the blowout preventer can be closed in an emergency. Excessive liquid reserves also cause the underwater blowout preventer group to be too large and heavy .

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a single-hydraulic cylinder-driven ram blowout preventer, which solves the problems of unreasonable structural design, large volume of the device and inflexible use in the prior art.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is that a single-fluid cylinder drives the ram preventer, which includes a shell, which is rectangular, and is provided with a vertical main diameter, and there is a vertical main diameter inside. Through the cavity of the whole shell, the gate assembly is arranged in the cavity, and one side door is arranged on each side of the main diameter, and a single-hydraulic cylinder drive assembly is installed through each side door, and two single-hydraulic cylinder drive assemblies are installed. It is connected with the gate assembly from both sides, and the side door is connected with the shell through the bolt assembly.

The single-fluid cylinder-driven ram blowout preventer of the present utility model is also characterized in that:

The structure of the single-hydraulic cylinder drive assembly is that the two ends of the cylinder liner are connected with a liquid cylinder end cover and a side door, and a coaxially connected piston and a gate shaft are sequentially arranged in the inner cavity of the cylinder liner, and the inner sleeve of the piston There is a sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve is covered with a locking rod, one end of the locking rod passes through the end cover of the hydraulic cylinder, and one end of the ram shaft passes through the side door to connect with the ram assembly; the piston is stepped, including a piston head with a large outer diameter and a piston body with a small outer diameter, a seal ring A is provided on the contact surface between the piston head and the cylinder liner, and a seal ring B is provided on the contact surface between the piston body and the cylinder liner.

The piston and the cylinder liner are provided with a plurality of steps.

Sealing ring A and sealing ring B divide the liquid cylinder into a closed chamber, an intermediate chamber and an open chamber. The closed chamber is formed by the space between the end cover of the liquid cylinder and the seal ring A of the piston head. Hydraulic oil port A; the middle cavity is composed of the space between the cylinder liner, piston, sealing ring A and sealing ring B, and the hydraulic oil port B is opened on the cylinder liner; the opening cavity is composed of the cylinder liner, piston, sealing ring B The space between the side door and the side door is formed, and a hydraulic oil port C is opened on the side door.

There are one or more intermediate chambers.

The beneficial effect of the device of the utility model is that, due to the adoption of the stepped liquid cylinder and piston, the opening, closing and intermediate chambers are formed, and the opening force and the amount of hydraulic oil used for opening the gate are reduced due to the effect of the intermediate chamber. , simple in structure, reasonable in layout, low in production cost and flexible in use.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a single-drive hydraulic cylinder ram blowout preventer of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the single-hydraulic cylinder gate of the present invention in an open state;

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the single-hydraulic cylinder gate of the present invention in a closed state.

In the figure, 1. Shell, 2. Side door, 3. Bolt assembly, 4. Single hydraulic cylinder drive assembly, 5. Ram assembly, 6. Main diameter, 7. Chamber, 8. Ram shaft , 9. Cylinder liner, 10. Piston, 11. Liquid cylinder end cover, 12. Lock rod, 13. Seal ring A, 14. Piston head, 15. Sliding sleeve, 16. Piston body, 17. Seal ring B, 18 .Close cavity, 19. Intermediate cavity, 20. Open cavity, 21. Hydraulic oil port A, 22. Hydraulic oil port B, 23. Hydraulic oil port C.

Detailed ways

The utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the single-hydraulic cylinder driven ram BOP of the present invention, including a housing 1, the housing 1 is a rectangle, is provided with a vertical main diameter 6, and has a vertical main diameter 6 inside. Vertically through the cavity 7 of the entire shell 1, the cavity 7 is provided with a gate assembly 5, and each side door 2 is provided on both sides of the main diameter 6, and a single-hydraulic cylinder drive assembly is installed through each side door 2. 4, two single-hydraulic cylinder drive assemblies 4 are connected with the gate assembly 5 from both sides, and the side door 2 is connected with the housing 1 through the bolt assembly 3 .

The cavity 7 is elliptical or rectangular or circular, and is used to place the gate assembly 5. The gate assembly 5 is a pair, centered on the vertical through hole, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the vertical through hole, Its upper and lower parts have screw holes for connecting with other equipment, or it can be a flange or a clamp, and it can also have a side port. There can be one or more side ports, and the side port is connected to other devices. The connection form can be flanged, threaded or clamped.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a single-cylinder drive assembly 4 in the utility model device, the structure of the single-cylinder drive assembly 4 is that the two ends of the cylinder liner 9 are connected with a cylinder end cover 11 and a side door 2 , in the inner cavity of the cylinder liner 9, a coaxially connected piston 10 and a gate shaft 8 are arranged in sequence, a sliding sleeve 15 is sleeved inside the piston 10, a locking rod 12 is sleeved inside the sliding sleeve 15, and one end of the locking rod 12 passes through The end cover 11 of the hydraulic cylinder, one end of the ram shaft 8 passes through the side door 2 and connects with the ram assembly 5; the piston 10 is stepped, including a piston head 14 with a large outer diameter and a piston body 16 with a small outer diameter, and the piston head 14 The contact surface with the cylinder liner 9 is provided with a sealing ring A13 to realize the sealing between the piston head 14 and the cylinder liner 9, and the contact surface between the piston body 16 and the cylinder liner 9 is provided with a sealing ring C17 to realize the sealing between the piston body 16 and the cylinder liner 9. For the sealing, the diameter of sealing ring A13 is larger than that of sealing ring C17.

The side door 2 is fixed with the housing 1 through the bolt assembly 3, installed on both sides of the housing, and can be removed for maintenance and replacement of the gate. There is a hydraulic oil port C23 on the side door 2, and a circular cavity in the middle. It is used to install the ram shaft 8 and has a sealing assembly to seal the ram shaft 8, which can be one group or multiple groups.

In the sectional view of FIG. 2 , the single-drive hydraulic cylinder is in the open position, and the seal ring A13 and seal ring C17 divide the cylinder into three chambers: a closed chamber 18 , an intermediate chamber 19 and an open chamber 20 . The closed chamber 18 is formed by the space between the cylinder end cover 11 and the sealing ring A13 of the piston head 14, and a hydraulic oil port A21 is opened on the liquid cylinder end cover 11; the middle chamber 19 is composed of the cylinder liner 9, the piston 10, the seal The ring A13 and the seal ring C17 enclose the annular cavity, and the hydraulic oil port B22 is opened on the cylinder liner 9; A hydraulic oil port C23 is opened on the side door 2 .

Referring to Figure 2, when the single drive hydraulic cylinder is working, when the ram is in the open state, the hydraulic oil port A21 is depressurized, the fluid in the intermediate chamber 19 and the opening chamber 20 flows in from the hydraulic oil port B22 and the hydraulic oil port C23 respectively, and the piston 10 moves to contact with the end cover 11 of the hydraulic cylinder, and the piston 10 drives the ram assembly 5 through the ram shaft 8 to realize opening; At the same time, the fluid in the middle cavity 19 and the opening cavity 20 flows out from the hydraulic oil port B22 and the hydraulic oil port C23 respectively, enters the accumulator or discharges to the sea for pressure relief; when the piston 10 moves to contact with the side door 2 When, motion stops, and at this moment flashboard assembly 5 is closed.

Since the moving distance of the piston is equal when the ram is opened and closed, only a piston with a smaller diameter is used in the opening cavity 20 to realize that the hydraulic fluid required for opening is less than that required for closing, thus reducing the amount of ram closing. , The required hydraulic flow when the cycle operation is turned on, which is of special significance to the underwater blowout preventer group, which can reduce the hydraulic fluid stored in the BOP group. Since the diameter of the sealing ring C17 is smaller than that of the sealing ring A13, it indicates that the amount of hydraulic oil required to open the ram is much smaller than the amount of oil required to close the ram. The smaller the diameter of the piston, the smaller the size of the cylinder. Another advantage of reducing the size of the hydraulic cylinder is to reduce the force generated when the gate is opened, because in some special cases, the driving cylinder is not enough to push the gate when the gate is opened, but it has exceeded a certain force in the drive system. The design load of some parts will lead to the failure of the system, so reducing the opening force will protect the system.

Generally, both the closing chamber and the opening chamber are connected with a hydraulic source. For the underwater blowout preventer, the fluid in the closed cavity and the open cavity can be reused, and can also be discharged to the seabed; the fluid in the intermediate cavity should maintain a pressure balance with the seabed environment to ensure that the movement of the piston 10 is not affected, and the intermediate cavity can also be connected to the seabed. Connected to the sea or connected to a pressure compensation system. The piston 10 of the utility model is stepped, and the liquid cylinder is divided into three cavities, and an intermediate cavity is added. The intermediate cavity can be one or multiple; both the piston 10 and the cylinder liner 9 can be of a single diameter. , It can also be with multiple steps. Since the diameter of the piston in the opening chamber is small, the amount of hydraulic oil required to open the ram is much smaller than the amount of oil required to close the ram, and the opening force is also small.

Since the diameter of the opening piston of the drive cylinder of the BOP can be smaller than that of the closing piston, the force required to open the ram is smaller than the force required to close the ram. The maximum diameter required for the driving cylinder of the ram blowout preventer depends on the force required to seal the well under pressure at the maximum working pressure. In high pressure wells, the diameter of the driving cylinder is often greater than the height of the side door. , the overall height often depends on the diameter of the drive cylinder.

In summary, the device of the present invention, due to the adoption of the step-shaped liquid cylinder and piston, forms the opening, closing and intermediate chambers. Due to the effect of the intermediate chamber, the opening force and the hydraulic pressure used for opening the gate are reduced. Oil volume, simple structure, reasonable layout, low production cost and flexible use. The utility model can be used for blowout preventers and other equipment, and can be applied to underwater, land, offshore platforms and other occasions.

Claims (5)

1. A single-hydraulic cylinder-driven ram blowout preventer is characterized in that: it comprises a housing (1), the housing (1) is rectangular, is provided with a vertical main diameter (6), and has a vertical The main diameter (6) runs through the cavity (7) of the entire housing (1) perpendicularly, and the gate assembly (5) is arranged in the cavity (7), and the two sides of the main diameter (6) are respectively provided with There are side doors (2), and a single-hydraulic cylinder drive assembly (4) is installed through each side door (2), and two single-hydraulic cylinder drive assemblies (4) are connected with the gate assembly (5) from both sides, and the side doors (2) is connected with the shell (1) through the bolt assembly (3). 2. The single-hydraulic cylinder drive ram blowout preventer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the structure of the single-hydraulic cylinder drive assembly (4) is that the two ends of the cylinder liner (9) are connected with liquid The cylinder end cover (11) and the side door (2), in the inner cavity of the cylinder liner (9), are arranged in sequence with a coaxially connected piston (10) and a gate shaft (8), and the piston (10) is sleeved with a sliding sleeve (15), the sliding sleeve (15) is covered with a locking rod (12), one end of the locking rod (12) passes through the liquid cylinder end cover (11), and one end of the gate shaft (8) passes through the side door (2) and The gate assembly (5) is connected; the piston (10) is stepped, including a piston head (14) with a large outer diameter and a piston body (16) with a small outer diameter, the piston head (14) and the cylinder liner (9) A sealing ring A (13) is provided on the contact surface, and a sealing ring B (17) is provided on the contact surface of the piston body (16) and the cylinder liner (9). 3. The single-hydraulic cylinder driven ram blowout preventer according to claim 2, characterized in that: the piston (10) and the cylinder liner (9) are matched with a plurality of steps. 4. The single-hydraulic cylinder drive ram blowout preventer according to claim 2, characterized in that: sealing ring A (13) and sealing ring B (17) divide the liquid cylinder into a closed cavity (18), an intermediate cavity (19) and the opening cavity (20), the closing cavity (18) is formed by the space between the liquid cylinder end cover (11) and the sealing ring A (13) of the piston head (14), in the liquid cylinder end cover (11) There is a hydraulic oil port A (21); the middle cavity (19) is composed of the space between the cylinder liner (9), the piston (10), the sealing ring A (13), and the sealing ring B (17). A hydraulic oil port B (22) is opened on the sleeve (9); the opening chamber (20) is formed by the space between the cylinder liner (9), the piston (10), the sealing ring B (17) and the side door (2). A hydraulic oil port C (23) is provided on the side door (2). 5. The single-hydraulic cylinder driven ram blowout preventer according to claim 4, characterized in that there are one or more intermediate chambers (19).

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